高考语法Havehashad及完成时态讲解及练习

1、高考语法Havehashad及完成时态讲解及练习A dog _four legs. A bird two legs. Our school a library.We 37 chairs in our classroom. My sister a nice toy car.You two small eyes. My sister three pens. Come here and an apple.My dog one eye only. Cats four legs. Dogs two ears.Everybody a dream. Everything its time.They each

2、 a book. Each of them a book.Do you _a bike ? Do they any salt ? Does he a bike ?Does a rabbit four legs ? I don any rice . We don t any salt .He doesn h ave a pen .4. She doesnhaV e a ny envelopes?在肯定句中，主语是(I, we, they )时用have,主语是第三人称单数he, she, it时用has?在疑问句和否定句中无论什么人称作主语，都用 have。?Something, everyth

3、ing 等做主语时用has。Each of加名词做主语时用has。?复数主语开头加each,如they each仍旧用have.?had是has和have的过去式。用法：1、has have had也可以作为一般动词，意为 拥有”进行“吃”使得送等。如果后接不定式，意为 不得不工例 如：He has a good pen.他有一支好笔。We have supper at 6:00.我们六点钟吃晚饭。I had my hair cut yesterday.我昨天理了发。(我让我的头发被剪了，昨天)I have to leave now.我得走了。have to do sth必需做某事，不得不 ”

4、Can I have a toy?我可以要一个玩具吗？2、如何变疑问句？ 一般现在时时，借助助动词do/does.现在完成时时，则直接将have/has提到句首。例如：He has big eyes. - Does he have big eyes?He has finished his homework. - Has he finished his homework?3、后接过去分词，构成现在和过去完成、完成进行时。 例如：He has gone to Beijing.他已经到北京去了。I have been a teacher since then.从那时起我就一直当教师。They had

5、 left when I got there.我到那里的时候，他们已经走了。He has been working hard since early morning. 丛一大早他就一直在下劲干活。时态问题一般现在时(A表示当前的状态；B表示当前一段时间内经常反复发生的动作；C客观真理。)一般过去时(A表示过去某段时间的 状态；B表示过去某段经常反复发生的动作)一般将来时(A将来某段时间内的 状态；B表示将来某段时间内经常反复的动作)(4)现在进行时(表示说话当前 正在进行或者刚刚完成的动作)(5)过去进行时(表示在过去的某段时间内正在进行的动作或者状态)(6)过去将来时(以过去某点为基础，表示

6、在其后将要发生的动作或者状态)(7)将来进行时(表示将来的某个或段时间内正在进行的动作或状态)(8)现在完成时(表示已经发生的动作对说话现在有影响或结果)(9)过去完成时(表示已经发生的动作对过去的某个点有影响或结果)(10)现在完成进行时(表示 从过去的某个点起到现在一直在进行并对现在有影响和结果的动作)A.现在完成时：have / has done(一)意义.表示经历或动作的结果，强调这个动作对现在造成的结果或产生的影响I have turned off the radio, so you can sleep quietly.He has recovered from his 川ness.

7、 He is playing football now.例题： Alvin, are you coming with us? Id love to, but something unexpected.A. has come up B. was coming up C. had come up D. would come up Im sorry, but I dont quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?Sorry, I _myself clear. We want to return on Oct

8、ober 20.A. hadnt made B. wouldnt make C. dont make D. havent made注意：如果动作被说明在某个具体时间发生，则必须用一般过去时I saw the film yesterday.例题： Judy is going to marry the sailor she in Rome last year.A. meets B. met C. has met D. would meet The year 2010 remarkable changes in Shanghai s landscape.A. sees B. has seen C.

9、saw D. had seen.和for, since, how long连用表示持续到现在的动作或状态。在肯定句中，使用的动词为延续性动词。He has come here for three days.beenHis father has died for 20 years. been deadThey have married for two years. been marriedHe has left home for three months. been away from例题：How are you today ?Oh, I as 川 as I do now for a very

10、long time.A.didn feel B. wasn t feeling C. don t feel D. haven t felt How long at this job?Since 1990.A. were you employed B. have you been employedC. had you been employed D. will you be employed注意：并非所for和how long引导的句子都得用完成时，如果动作已经结束就用一般过去时Glad to see you back. How long did you stay in the wonderla

11、nd of Yunnan?例题： Mr Robert, who is said to have returned to London with his family, atBeijing University for eight years.A. has been teaching B. was teaching C. taught D. have taught Where have you been recently?I in Beijing on business for a week last month.A. have been B. had been C. had gone D. w

12、asI in London for many years, but I ve never regretted my final decision to move back to China.A. lived B. was living C. have lived D. had lived.注意区分几个短语：have been to 去过某地have gone to 已经去了某地have been in 在地方.常见的时间状语：before , already, yet, recently, lately, till now, up to now, so far, ever, once, sin

13、ce, since then, for,in/for/during the past/ last few years例题： Up to now, the program thousands of children who would otherwise have died.A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved（二）固定句型t is+时间段+since+从句（过去时）自从某人做某事多久了was过去完成时）It is five years since I came to work.改错：It is already 10 years sin

14、ce he becomes a lawyer.2.It is the first（second, third.）time that 从句（现在完成时）was过去完成时）It is the third time that the boy has been late for school.例题： This is the first time we a film in the cinema together as a family.A. see B. had seen C. saw D. have seen3.主语+be+最高级所修饰的先行词+that+定语从句（最好用现在完成时）Gangnam S

15、tyle is the funniest song that I have ever heard.Twilight is the best vampire movie that I have ever seen.例题：It is the most instructive lecture that I since I came to this school.A. attended B. had attended C. am attending D. have attendedB.过去完成时：had done.常常用来表示发生在过去的两个事件中先发生的那个动作，它是一个相对的时态，不能离开某一过去

16、时间而孤 立存在He told me that he had already seen the film.When they got to the field, the football match had already started.例题： The hotel wasnt particularly good, but I in many worse hotels.A. was staying B. stayed C. would stay D. had stayed The moment I got home, I found I my jacket on the playground.

17、A. had left B. left C. have left D. was leavingWe first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we each other for years.A. knew B. have known C. had known D. knowI had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers before my eyes.A. swim B. swum C. swam D. had swum.和by, b

18、efore等词连用By the end of last month, we had learned 2000 words.He hadn X learned any Chinese before he came to China.例题： By the time Jack returned home from England, his son from college.A. graduated B. has graduated C. had been graduating D. had graduated.固定句型前三句型同现在完成时（见前文） hardly/scarcely.when no s

19、ooner.than 一就.We had hardly got into the room when it began to snow.We had no sooner sat down than the bell rang.例题： He had no sooner finished his speech the students started cheering.A. since B. as C. when D. than Hardly had I caught sight of her I recognized her I hadn seen her for ages.A. then; a

20、s B. when; since C. before; because D. when; thoughC.将来完成时：will have done表示在将来某个时刻前已经完成的动作，常与 by, before或其它时间状语连用I will have learnt 2000 words by the end of this term.I hope we will have got everything ready before you come tomorrow. 例题： Could you meet me at the airport ?Id like to, but I Beijing wh

21、en you return.A. will have left B. was leaving C. will leave D. have leftD.现在完成进行时 have + been +现在分词I have been studying English for ten years. 我一直在学英语，已达十年之久。E. have+been +过去分词，构成现在完成时被动语态English has been taught in China for many years.中国教英语已经多年。【高考真题】.（2010 高考英语上海秋季卷 ，31）The church tower which wil

22、l be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.A. has restored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored.（2010 高考英语上海秋季卷，28） Every few years, the coal workers their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had.（2010 高考英语重庆卷，31）Why do you

23、want to work for our company?This is the job that I for.A. lookedB. am to lookC.had looked D. have been looking.（2010 高考英语重庆卷 ,29）The palace caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original building now.remainsB. is remainedC.is remaining D. has been remained5.（2010 高考英语重庆卷 ,2

24、4）The book has been translated into thirty languages since it on the market in 1973.6.(2010高考英语浙江卷 predicted.6.(2010高考英语浙江卷 predicted.A. had dreamed of7.(2010高考英语浙江卷 A. eat8.(2010高考英语天津卷,15）For many years, peopleelectric cars. However, making them has been more difficult thanhave dreamed of C. dream

25、ed of D . dream of,5）If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you fresh watermelon in the fall.would eat C. have eatenD. will be eating,10）Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai WorldExpo.A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibi

26、ted D. is being exhibited9.（2010 高考英语天津卷,4）We on this project for four hours. Le t s have a rest.A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked10.（2010 高考英语四川卷，18）You ve failed to do what you to and I m afraid the teacher will blame you .A. will expect B. will be expected C. expectedD.

27、were expected11.（2010 高考英语四川卷，16） When shall we restart our business?一 Not until we our plan .A. will finish B . are finishing C. are to finish D . have finished12.（2010 高考英语上海春季卷，30）The employees that they should renew their contracts within a week.A. adviseB. have advised C. are advisedD. had been

28、 advised13.（2010 高考英语上海春季卷,29）We on our project day a nd night in the past two weeks.A. had workedB. have worked C will be working D. has been advised14.（2010 高考英语陕西卷 ，24）It is reported that many a new house at present in the disaster area.A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D.

29、 is being b uilt15.（2010 高考英语陕西卷，21）I have to see the doctor because I a lot lately.A. have been coughing B. had coughed C. coughedD. cough16.（2010 高考英语山东卷 ,30）Up to now, the program thousands of children who would otherwise have died.A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved17.（2010 高考英语辽宁卷,

30、30）I all the cooking for my family, but recently I ve been too busy to do it.A. will do B. doC am doing D. had done18.（2010 高考英语辽宁卷 ,24）Joseph to evening classes since last month, but he still can t say What s your name?” inRussian.A. has been going B. wentC. goes D has gone19.（2010 高考英语江西卷 ,30）Moth

31、er wanted to be a good provider, a role she since her marriage to Father.A shouldersB shoulderedC is shouldering D has been shouldering20.（2010 高考英语江苏卷,33）-Is everyone here?-Not yetLook , there the rest of our guests!A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming21.（2010 高考英语江.苏卷,30）-Peter , where did

32、you guys go for the summer vacation?We busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be22.（2010 高考英语江苏卷,23）why, Jack, you look so tired!-Well, I the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.A. was painting B. will be painting C. h

33、ave painted D. have been painting23.（2010 高考英语湖南卷,34）Im tired out. I all afternoon and I dont seem to have finished anything.A. shopped B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been shopping24.（2010 高考英语湖南卷 ,33）Liste ning to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers.A. isB. are

34、C. hasD. have25.（2010 高考英语湖南卷，31）I walked slowly through the market, where people all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied theprices carefully and bought what I needed.A. sell B. were sellingC. had sold D. have sold26.（2010 高考英语湖南卷,27）I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone it. Was i

35、t you?A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do27.（2010 高考英语湖南卷,24）This coastal area a national wildlife reserve last year.A. was named B. namedC. is named D. names28.（2010 高考英语福建卷，31）Guess what ,we ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.How nice! You a different culture

36、then.A. will be experiencing B. have experienced C. have been experiencing D. will have experienced29.（2010 高考英语福建卷 ,28）Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they before leaving their hometowns.A. promised B. were promised C. have promised D. have been promised30

37、.（2010 高考英语大纲全国 I 卷,32）The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune.A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made31.（2010 高考英语大纲全国 I 卷,28）When you are home, give a -call to let me know you safely.A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive32.（

38、2010 高考英语大纲全国 I 卷,21） Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?N0, I my homework all day yesterday.A. was doing B. would do C. had done D. do.（2010 高考英语大纲全国 II 卷,19）Excuse me. I I was blocking your way.A. didn t realize B. don t realize C. haven t realized D. wasn t realizing.（2010 高考英语大纲全国 II 卷,15）Linda

39、 , make sure the tables before the guests arrive.A. be set B. set C. are set D. are setting.（2010 高考英语北京卷，28）It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they for me.A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing.（2010 高考英语北京卷,26）-Im sorry, but I dont quite follow you. Did you say

40、 you wanted to return on September 20?-Sorry, I myself clear. We want to return on Octobe r 20.A. hadnt made B. wouldnt make C. dont make D. havent made37.（2010 高考英语北京卷，24）-Im not finished with my din ner yet.-But our friends for us.A. will wait B. wait C. have waited D. are waiting38.（2010 高考英语北京卷,

41、22）In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the r sounds at the end of the words.A. are dropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have dropped2010 高考英语安徽卷，34） We ve spent too much money recently .一 Well, it isn t surprising . Our friends and relatives around all the time.A. are coming B. had com

42、e C. were coming D . have been coming解析.【答案】D【解析】本题考查被动语态。Restore意思为修复，而最后一句表明工程还未完成，因此为正在修复中，答案选 D.【答案】B【解析】本题考查时态。根据时间状语every few years,可判断本句应为一般现在时，因此答案选B。.【答案】D【解析】考查时态。由句意：这就是我一直寻找的工作可知用现在完成进行时，表示从过去某个时刻发生的动作 一直持续到现在，并且有可能持续下去。.【答案】A【解析】考查时态。remain在这儿意思是“剩下，余留”，为不及物动词，整句话是对现在事实的陈述，所以用 一般现在时。选A项

43、。.【答案】C【解析】考查时态。since引导的从句作状语时，主句通常用完成时，而从句用一般过去时，所以选 C项。.【答案】B【解析】考查动词的时态。从For many years可知，此处谓语动词用完成时态；排除 C项和D项；又因后一句用的是现在时态，故排除 A项。据此答案应该选 B项“现在完成时态”。.【答案】D【解析】本题考查条件句的时态。根据句意：如果你在春天种下西瓜种子，你会在秋天吃到新鲜的西瓜。可以判 断这是真实的条件从句，会发生的事情，所以选择 will be eating表将来。.【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意为：“像剪纸这样的天津传统民间艺术正在2010年上海世博

44、会文化展上进 TOC o 1-5 h z 行展览。”根据句意可知是现在进行时含义，剧中主语时 traditional folk arts ,是复数形式，谓语动词采用复数形式，主语又表 示“物”，具有被动含义，所以选择Co.【答案】B【解析】考察动词时态。句意为：“我们四个小时一直做这个项目。让我们休息一下吧”，句中出现for fourhours这个时间状语，可以判断出使用现在完成时，根据句意又可知动作在持续进行当中，所以用现在完成进行时，故选B。.【答案】D【解析】考查动t时态。句中 you与expect存在被动关系，首先排除C。又有have failed提示应是过去你被期盼做的事，故应为过去

45、时，正确答案为Do.【答案】D【解析】考查时态。在状语从句中，经常用一般现在时表将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时，此处为until引导的时间状语从句。故用现在完成时，选Do意为：“直到我们完成我们的计划，我们才重新开始我们的生意。”.【答案】C【解析】考查动词的语态。语意：（公司）建议员工在一周内续签合同。根据语意，The employees与advise为动宾关系，所以应该用被动结构，故选 C项。.【答案】B【解析】动词的时态。卞据句中时间状语in the past two weeks可以推断出应该用现在完成时，表示动作的持续，故选B项。.【答案】D【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。从时间状语 a

46、t present可判断出用现在时，“ many a+单数可数名词”虽然表示 复数意思，但要用单数谓语。.【答案】A【解析】考查时态。句意：我得去看医生，因为我最近一直咳嗽得很厉害。late1y表示“最近”，与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用，因此答案选A,此处表示在说话之前一直持续的动作。.【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态的用法。句意应为“截止到现在，这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的 生命。 up to now是现在完成时态的标志，所以空格处使用现在完成时态。.【答案】B【解析】B考查动词的时态。根据语意可知：通常由我来为家人做饭，但是因为最近很忙，所以我没有时间做。第一句是陈述的

47、事实，因此应该用一般现在时。.【答案】A【解析】考查动词的时态。语意：从上个月开始，Joseph 一直在上夜校学俄语，但是他仍没有学会用俄语说“你叫什么名字？”。根据语意，表示自从过去到现在一直发生的事情且有可能持续下去，应用现在完成进行时，故选A项。.【解析】考查时态。句意：母亲想成为一名好的供养人一一一个自她嫁给父亲以来一直在担任的角色。因为有since而且是动作的延续，所以用现在完成进行时，即 she has been shouldering作定语，修饰a role .【答案】A【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处所在句子为倒装句，the rest of our guests作主语，谓

48、语动词要用复数形式；此处叙述的又是现在的事实，所以用一般现在时。come用于进行时通常用来表示按照计划或安排将要发生的动作，因此D项不恰当.【答案】C【解析】考查动词的时态。结合问句中的时态以及答语后半句中的时态可知答语前半句表示的是过去的过去，所 以用过去完成时。.【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态。答话人叙述的是现在的事实，再结合答语中的时间状语可知答话人从过去到现在一 直在粉刷房子，而且还要持续下去，所以用现在完成进行时。.【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态。句意为：“我现在很累。我整个下午一直在购物，我好像什么事都没做成似的。”由 语境可判断选D项。.【答案】C【解析】考察主谓一致和时态。根据动名词短语作主语，句中的谓语动词用单数形式，由此排除BD,根据主语与caused的主动关系