2022年考研考博-考博英语-北京体育大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号27

1、住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-北京体育大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题It was clear that the small grocer was（ ）people he owed money to.问题1选项A.at the expense ofB.at the risk ofC.in the way ofD.at the mercy of【答案】D【解析】词组辨析。at the expense of “以为代价”；at the risk of “冒着的危险”；in the way of “妨

2、碍，关于的方面”；at the mercy of “受支配”。句意：很明显，这个小杂货商受他债主的支配。因此选项D符合题意。2.翻译题Translating the following passages from English into Chinese.Former England captain David Beckham is to retire at the end of the season. The 38-year-old signed a five-month deal at Paris St-Germain in January and donated all of his s

3、alary to charity.Beckham made 115 appearances for England and 394 for Manchester United, winning six Premier League titles and the Champions League.Here, in his statement released today, Beckham talks about his decision to retire from playing. “Im thankful to PSG for giving me the opportunity to con

4、tinue but I feel now is the right time to finish my career, playing at the highest level.” “If you had told me as a young boy I would have played for and won trophies with my boyhood club Manchester United, proudly captained and played for my country over one hundred times and lined up for some of t

5、he biggest clubs in the world, I would have told you it was a fantasy. Im fortunate to have realized those dreams.” “To this day, one of my proudest achievements is captaining my country. I knew every time I wore the Three Lions shirt, I was not only following in a long line of great players, I was

6、also representing every fan that cared passionately about their country. Im honoured to represent England both on and off the pitch.” 【答案】前英格兰队队长大卫贝克汉姆将于本赛季末退役。今年1月， 38岁的小贝在巴黎圣日耳曼签署了一份为期5个月的合同，并将自己的全部薪水捐给了慈善机构。贝克汉姆代表英格兰出场115次，代表曼联出场394次，六次获得英超冠军和欧冠冠军。在他今天发表的声明中，贝克汉姆谈到了退役的决定。“我非常感谢巴黎圣日尔曼给我继续参赛的机会，但是我

7、觉得现在是时候结束我的职业生涯了，在最高水平的联赛中。”“如果你在我很小的时候告诉我，我会为曼联俱乐部效力并赢得奖杯，并自豪地担任队长，为我的国家征战100多次，并为世界上一些伟大的俱乐部效力，我会告诉你这些只是幻想。幸运的是，我实现了这些梦想。”“直到今天，我最引以为豪的事情就是担任国家队队长。每当穿上三狮军团的战衣，我知道我不仅作为一名球员，同一大群伟大的球员合作征战，我也代表着每一位关心英格兰的球迷。我很荣幸能够成为英格兰的代表，无论是场内还是场外。”3.单选题It was very kind of you to get me something for my birthday, but

8、 you （ ）me such an expensive present.问题1选项A.didnt need buyingB.neednt buyC.neednt have boughtD.hadnt needed to buy【答案】C【解析】考查语法结构。根据句意可知，这里指其实你没有必要给我买这么贵重的礼物。neednt have done sth. 意为本没必要做某事却做了，所以选项C正确。4.单选题Not until the game had begun （ ）at the sports ground.问题1选项A.had he arrivedB.would he have arri

9、vedC.did he arriveD.should he have arrived【答案】C【解析】语法（倒装结构和时态）题。Not until表示否定意义，位于句首时，主句部分需要部分倒装。从句中的谓语动词had begun为过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词为一般过去时，用来强调从句谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前，所以C选项正确。5.单选题The suggestion that the mayor （ ）the prizes was accepted by everyone.问题1选项A.would presentB.presentC.presentsD.ought to pr

10、esent【答案】B【解析】语法（虚拟语气）题。suggestion 做主语的句子，是虚拟语气的用法，从句用should +动词原型，should可以省略。所以省略should的B选项正确。6.单选题In the last century, new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. However, one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia, the kingdom of Bhutan rem

11、ained separate. Its people and Buddhist culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan, however was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of its people could not read, and they did not know much about the outside world. Then, in 1972, a new ruler named King Jigme Singye

12、 Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modem, but without losing its traditions.King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross National Product(GNP). The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold incr

13、eases, people say the country is making progress. King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his countrys progress by peoples happiness. If the peoples happiness increased, the king could say that Bhutan was making progress. To decide if people were happier, he created a me

14、asure called Gross National Happiness(GNH).GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness. People are happier if they have health care, education, and jobs. They are happier when they live in a healthy, protected environment. They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture an

15、d customs. Finally, people are happier when they have a good, stable government.Now there is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan. People are healthier and are living longer. More people are educated and employed. Twenty-five percent of the land has become national parks, and the country has alm

16、ost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has also become a democracy. In 2008, King Wangchuck gave his power to his son. Although the country still had a king, it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhuta

17、n had political parties and political candidates for the first time. Finally, Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet.Bhutan is a symbol for social progress. Many countries are now interested in Bhutans GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to me

18、asure happiness. They want to create new policies that take care of their people, cultures, and land.Brazil may be the nest country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration. Brazil is a large country with a diverse population. If happiness

19、works as a measure of progress in Brazil, perhaps the rest of the world will follow.1.Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck?2.Apart from modernizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan?3.A country shows its progress with GNP by （ ）.4.According to GNH, people are happier if they （ ）.5. Tod

20、ay, many countries are （ ）.问题1选项A.A president.B.A Buddhist priest.C.A generalD.A king问题2选项A.To make its population grow.B.To keep it separate from the world.C.To encourage its people to get rich.D.To keep its tradition and customs问题3选项A.selling more productsB.spending more moneyC.spending less money

21、D.providing more jobs问题4选项A.have new technologyB.can change their religionC.have a good, stable governmentD.have more money问题5选项A.using the principles of GNH to measure their progressB.working together to develop a common scale to measure GNHC.talking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social pro

22、gressD.trying to find their own ways to measure happiness【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:A第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.细节事实题。题干询问吉格梅辛格旺楚克是谁?。根据文章第一段中最后一句“a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan 位名叫Jigme Singye Wangchuck国王的新的统治者决定帮助不丹王国”，所以D选项国王正确2.细节事实题。题干询问除了使不丹现代化，旺楚克还想为不丹做些什么?。根据文章第一段中最后一句“a ne

23、w ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modem, but without losing its traditions.一位名叫吉格梅辛格旺楚克的新统治者决定帮助不丹成为现代化国家，但同时又不丧失其传统。”确定D选项保持其传统和习俗正确。3.细节事实题。题干询问一个国家通过国民生产总值来显示它的进步通过。根据第二段第四句“When the number of products sold increases, people say the country is making progr

24、ess. 当产品销量增加时，人们说这个国家正在取得进步。”确定A选项销售更多的产品正确。4.细节事实题。题干询问根据GNH，如果人们，他们会更快乐。在文章第三段，列举了衡量GNH的多个标准。只有C选项拥有一个良好、稳定的政府符合该段中的最后一句“people are happier when they have a good, stable government. 当人们拥有一个良好、稳定的政府时，他们会更快乐。”所以C选项正确。5.细节事实题。题干询问如今，许多国家都。根据文章倒数第二段中的第二句和第三句“ Many countries arc now interested in Bhuta

25、ns GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. 许多国家现在对不丹的GNH感兴趣。这些国家正在研究自己衡量幸福的方法。”确定D选项试图找到自己衡量幸福的方法正确。7.单选题W: Do you mind if I take a couple of hours off this afternoon?M: OK, but what for?Q: What is the woman asking for?问题1选项A.AdviceB.LeaveC.TimeD.Reason.【答案】B【解析】题

26、目中“take a couple of hours off”的意思是“请几个小时的假”，和B选项的“ask for leave”意思相同，B选项正确。8.单选题An interesting theory in economics is （1） by the Head Man of a small mountain tribe. It seems that this tribe was very good at making straw mats that had great sales（2）in the（3）market. The representative of an American c

27、ompany went to visit the tribe and tried to make a good business deal. He（4）to the Head Man and（5） that his company would like to（6）several thousand pieces.Undoubtedly, he said, the business（7）would be（8）to the tribe. After some thoughts, the Head Man（9） , but announced that the price per piece woul

28、d be（10）in such a（11）order than it would be if（12） a small order were placed. The representative was（13）than a little shocked（14）the business sense of the Head Man,（15）insisted that the price should be（16）because of the large volume, and（17）not higher. No, replied the head of the tribe（18）. But why

29、not? asked the American. Because（19）is so tiresome to make the（20）article over and over, answered the Head Man.问题1选项A.illustratedB.appreciatedC.demonstratedD.anticipated问题2选项A.capacityB.potentialC.abilityD.fortune问题3选项A.strawB.globalC.worldD.earth问题4选项A.addressedB.spokeC.askedD.told问题5选项A.declaredB.

30、confirmedC.demandedD.gestured问题6选项A.orderB.sellC.disposeD.make问题7选项A.treatyB.pactC.matterD.deal问题8选项A.effectiveB.efficientC.valuableD.profitable问题9选项A.agreedB.acceptedC.refusedD.received问题10选项A.lowerB.higherC.expensiveD.cheaper问题11选项A.smallB.bigC.vastD.high问题12选项A.certainlyB.reallyC.onlyD.simply问题13

31、选项A.greaterB.strongerC.lessD.more问题14选项A.fromB.ofC.atD.since问题15选项A.whoB.andC.thenD.therefore问题16选项A.lowerB.higherC.littleD.raised问题17选项A.neverB.reallyC.certainlyD.yet问题18选项A.weaklyB.happilyC.stubbornlyD.hesitatingly问题19选项A.heB.itC.whatD.work问题20选项A.similarB.beautifulC.alikeD.same【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:C

32、第4题:B第5题:A第6题:A第7题:D第8题:D第9题:A第10题:B第11题:B第12题:C第13题:D第14题:C第15题:C第16题:A第17题:C第18题:C第19题:B第20题:D【解析】（1）动词辨析题。illustrate举例说明，阐述；appreciate欣赏，感激；demonstrate展示，证明；anticipate预料，预期。句意：一个小山村部落的首领 一个有趣的经济学理论。根据关键词“theory”可知选项C“证实理论”最为恰当。（2）近义词辨析题。capacity能力；potential潜力；ability能耐；fortune财富，运气。根据下文“一家美国公司的代表

33、去拜访这个部落，试图达成一笔好生意。”说明这些草席是有销售潜力的，所以选项B更恰当。（3）考查固定用法。world market为固定用法，表示“国际市场，世界市场”。所以选项C正确。（4）近义词辨析题。根据句意可知，这里是想表达美国公司的代表对部落首领说。选项A太正式，一般用于书信表达；选项C意为请求，要求；选项D后面直接接sb.，不用介词to，所以只有选项B正确。（5）动词辨析题。declared宣称，断言；confirmed证实，批准；demanded要求；gestured做手势。根据下文可知，这里指宣称他的公司将要订购几千个草席这件事件，所以选项A符合句意。（6）动词辨析题。order

34、订购；sell售卖；dispose处理；make制造。根据上文可知，这里是订购草席，所以选项A正确。（7）考查固定搭配。business deal为固定搭配，意为“交易，生意”。选项D正确。（8）形容词辨析题。effective有效的；efficient有效率的；valuable有价值的；profitable有利可图的。根据原文可知，这里涉及到达成交易，所以对于部落来说应该是有利可图的，所以选项D符合语境。（9）上下文推断。根据下文“but announced that.”可知，说明首领同意达成这笔交易，但是有一个条件。所以选项A正确。（10）上下文推断。根据下文的“shocked”可知，这里

35、提出来的条件应该是不合理的。所以填空处应表示价格高，再根据后面的than可知，这里应填入比较级，所以选项B正确。（11）上下文推断。根据下文“than.a small order”可知，相对于小订单来说，这里应该是大笔的订单，两者形成比较。所以选项B正确。（12）副词辨析题。根据句意：如果仅仅只是下小订单的话，那么大笔订单中每件的价格要更高。选项C和D都有“仅仅”的意思，但simply强调简单，所以选项C更恰当。（13）考查固定用法。“more than a little”为固定用法，意为“十分，非常”。选项D正确。（14）考查固定搭配。“be shocked at”为固定搭配，意为“对感到震

36、惊”。选项C正确。（15）考查逻辑连词。根据原文可知，美国公司的代表先是感到震惊，然后坚持认为价格应该更低。选项C更符合语境。（16）上下文推断。上文提到，部落首领认为大订单的单价要高于小订单的单价，美国公司的代表感到震惊，显然是觉得这个价格不合理，他觉得大订单的单价要低于小订单的单价，所以这里应填入“lower”，选项A正确。（17）副词辨析题。never从未，绝不；really真正地；certainly当然，必定；yet还，已经。根据句意：因为数量大，当然价格不能更高。所以选项C符合语境。（18）副词辨析题。weakly虚弱地，无力地；happily快乐地；stubbornly固执地；he

37、sitatingly踟躇地。根据首领的回答“No”可知，他固执的拒绝了，选项C符合语境。（19）考查语法结构。分析句子结构可知，本句真正的主语是后面的不定式，所以填空处应填入it做形式主语。选项B正确。（20）词组辨析题。similar和alike都表示相似的；same相同的；根据下文“over and over重复，一遍又一遍”可知，这里指重复做同样的事情，所以选项D正确。9.单选题We prefer that the plan （ ）before being put into execution.问题1选项A.be fully discussedB.must be fully discus

38、sedC.will be fully discussedD.is fully discussed【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。prefer后面接that引导的宾语从句时，谓语动词用should+动词原形，其中should可省略。所以选项A为省略了should的正确答案。10.单选题There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened（ ） a sudden loud noise.问题1选项A.being thereB.should there beC.there wasD.there having been【答案

39、】B【解析】语法题。根据句子结构和选项，可知空格中应填入虚拟条件句，因为省略if，所以应使用倒装，选项C和D可排除。根据句意可知，句子是对将来的虚拟，主句形式为should/could/would/might+动词原形，从句形式为should+动词原形。句意：如果突然发出很大的声音，这些动物很可能会受到惊吓。因此选项B符合题意。11.单选题Automation refers to the introduction of electronic control and automatic operation of productive machinery. It reduces the human

40、 factors, mental and physical, in production, and is designed to make possible the manufacture of more goods with fewer workers. The development of automation in American industry has been called the Second Industrial Revolution.Labors concern over automation arises from uncertainty about its effect

41、s on employment, and fears of major changes in jobs. In the main, labor has taken the view that resistance to technological change is futile. In the long run, the result of automation may well be an increase in employment, since it is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing,

42、maintaining, and repairing automation equipment. Unquestionably, however, there will be major shifts in jobs within plants and displacement of labor from one industry to another. The interest of labor lies in bringing about this transition with a minimum of inconvenience and distress to the workers

43、involved. Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production and lower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in the form of higher wages, more leisure, and improved living standards.To protect the interests of their members in the era of automation,

44、unions have adopted a number of new policies. One of these is the promotion of supplementary unemployment benefits plans. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in SUB plan has a direct financial stake in preventing unemployment, he will have a strong incentive for planning new installati

45、ons so as to cause the least possible disruption in jobs and job assignments. Some unions are working for dismissal pay agreements, requiring that permanently laid off workers be paid a sum of money based on length of service. Another approach is the idea of the improvement factor, which calls for w

46、age increase based on increases in productivity. It is probable, however, that labor will rely mainly on reduction in working hours in order to gain a full share in the fruits of automation.1.We learn from paragraph 1 that automation will probably lead to （ ）.2.Labor has the opinion that （ ）.3.What

47、is the relation between automation and employment in the opinion of labor?4. The union stresses that （ ）.5.How many new policies of the unions have been listed in this passage?问题1选项A.industrial expansionB.an increase in employmentC.displacement of labor from one industry to anotherD.an increase in u

48、nemployment问题2选项A.all efforts must be made to prevent automationB.automation will cause a rise in consumer costsC.its main interest lies in increasing all wagesD.technological change cannot be stopped问题3选项A.Automation will definitely leads to more unemployment.B.From a long-term point of view automa

49、tion will bring about more jobs.C.Automation will not cause much change in employment.D.Sooner of later automation will do all the work instead of man.问题4选项A.workers should also enjoy the fruits brought about by automationB.no workers should be fired in the development of automationC.it is necessary

50、 to slow down the development of automationD.workers should be paid according to their length of service问题5选项A.1B.2C.3D.4【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:B第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.推理判断题。根据第一段的内容“自动化减少了生产过程中的人为因素，包括精神和身体上的因素，旨在使这样一种情况成为可能用更少的工人生产更多的产品。”由此可推断，工人减少会导致失业率上升，所以这就是自动化所导致的结果。选项D正确。2.事实细节题。根据第二段第二句“In the main, la

51、bor has taken the view that resistance to technological change is futile.”总的来说，劳动者们认为抵制技术变革是徒劳的。选项D符合原文。3.细节事实题。根据第二段第三句“In the long run, the result of automation may well be an increase in employment, since it is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing, maintaining, and repa

52、iring automation equipment.”从长远来看，自动化的结果很可能会导致就业的增加，因为在制造、维护和维修自动化设备领域将会出现大量的行业。选项B符合原文。4.事实细节题。根据第二段最后一句“Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production and lower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in the form of higher wages, more leisure, an

53、d improved living standards.”工会发言人强调，自动化带来产量增加和成本降低的好处，应该通过提高工资、增加休闲时间和提高生活水平的形式，让工人们共享。也就是说，工人也应该享受自动化带来的好处。选项A符合原文。5.主旨大意题。根据关键词“new policies”定位到最后一段“To protect the interests of their members in the era of automation, unions have adopted a number of new policies. One of these is.Another approach i

54、s.”为了在自动化时代保护工会成员的利益，工会采取了一系列新政策。其中之一是另一种方法是。由此可知是个政策，所以选项B正确。12.单选题It was（ ）we had hoped.问题1选项A.more a success thanB.a success more thanC.much of a success asD.a success as much as【答案】B【解析】固定搭配。根据固定搭配more than “超过”，可排除选项C和D。又因为we had hoped 是一个完整的句子，所以用more than+句子，表示“超过”。句意：这是一次超过预期的成功。因此选项B符合题意。13

55、.单选题But for his poverty, he（）more students living in the poverty stricken areas to go to universities.问题1选项A.has assistedB.would have assistedC.assistD.will assist【答案】B【解析】句意：假如不是因为贫穷，他会资助更多贫困地区的孩子上大学。本题应用虚拟语气，是对过去发生的事情的肯定推测，故B选项正确。14.单选题M: Since you dont like your boss, why are you still hanging ar

56、ound with him?W: Im not. I am going to stop fooling around and quit.Q: What does the woman mean?问题1选项A.She will resign.B.She will stop her boss hanging around.C.She will fire the man.D.She cannot but stay with the boss.【答案】A【解析】根据女士的话“我不再会这样无所事事下去，我打算辞职。”A选项的resign和题目的quit是一个意思，正确。15.单选题Those people

57、 （ ）a general understanding of the present situation.问题1选项A.lack ofB.are lacking ofC.lackD.are in lack【答案】C【解析】语法题。根据句子结构，可知空格中填入谓语，因为lack为及物动词，其后接宾语无需用介词，选项A和B可排除。又因为固定搭配in lack of “缺少，缺乏”，选项D可排除。句意：这些人缺乏对目前形势的基本了解。根据排除法，选项C符合题意。16.单选题No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everyt

58、hing （ ）going on in the world.问题1选项A.it isB.as isC.there isD.what is【答案】C【解析】语法题。根据句子结构，可知“going on in the world”为定语从句修饰先行词everything，且关系代词that可省，所以选用there be句型，表示 “世界上正在发生的”。句意：没有人有时间去读或去听关于这个世界正在发生的所有事情17.单选题The government gave a very （ ）explanation of its plan for economic development.问题1选项A.comp

59、rehensiveB.compoundC.considerableD.complacent【答案】A【解析】形容词辨析题。comprehensive综合的，全面的；compound混合的；considerable重要的，相当大的；complacent满足的。句意：政府对其经济发展计划作了非常全面的解释。选项A符合句意。18.单选题In American universities, classes are often arranged in more flexible （ ）and many jobs on campus are reserved for students.问题1选项A.scal

60、esB.ranksC.gradesD.patterns【答案】D【解析】名词辨析题。scale规模，比例；rank等级；grade级别，阶段；pattern模式。句意：在美国大学，班级安排通常是灵活的模式，并且校园里有很多工作都是为学生准备的。选项D符合句意。19.单选题The dentists confident manner （ ）me that I was in safe hands.问题1选项A.insuredB.assuredC.ensuredD.secured【答案】B【解析】形近词辨析题。insure确保，投保；assure保证，担保；ensure确保，使安全；secure保护，