关于自考英语和虚拟语气课件

1、自考英语Requirements 1. Discipline 2. Class Performance notes; questions 3. Assignments 考试题型主观50%；客观50%1. Vocabulary and structure 10%2. Cloze 10%3. Reading comprehension 30%4. Spelling 10%5. Word form 10%6. Translation from Chinese to English 15%7. Translation from English to Chinese 15%虚拟语气Subjunctive

2、 mood虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。一.虚拟语气在条件句中的使用条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 If he doesnt hurry up, he will miss the bus.如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。( 真实) If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories.如果他是空闲的，他会要

3、求我讲故事。（真实） If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去。 （我不是你。非真实，虚拟语气） If there were no air, people would die.如果没有空气，人就会死亡。（不可能没有空气。非真实，虚拟语气） 1. 主从句谓语动词的规范搭配主句 从句 与现在事实相反 would/情态动词过去式+do were (不分人称)/did 与过去事实相反 would/情态动词过去式+have done had done 与将来事实相反 would/情态动词过去式+do should do / were to do If

4、your car _ any attention during the first 12 months, (you should) take it to an authorized dealer.(98） A. shall need C. would need B. should need D. will needIf you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _ able to adviseyou much better than I can.A. would beB. will have beenC. as D. were 2005

5、 _ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand?A. Would you be surprised B. Were you surprisedC. Had you been surprised D. Would you have been surprised 3.当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were, should, had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。 Were she here, she would agree with us

6、. Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 4.识别事实和假设混合句I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I was fully occupied the whole of last week.(前半部分为假设，后半部分是事实)But for his help, we w

7、ould be working now. 要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。 Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. 要是没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步。 We didnt know his telephone number, otherwise we would have telephoned him. Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his father. _your timely advice, I would never

8、have known how to go about the work.a. Unless b. But for c. Except for d. Not for _enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field.a. Giving b. To give c. Given d. Being given 6. 其他形式的条件句虚拟语气（1）If it were not for (与现在事实相反)If it had not been for (与过去事实相反) 相当

9、于but for。如：If it had not been for his help (= but for his help), we would not have succeeded.2)If only谓语动词视情况选用适当的形式。用法与wish 一样。If only the committee would approve the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.If only I _play the guitar as well as you! （06 年） A would B could C should

10、D might二.虚拟语气在名词性从句中用法名词性从句是指宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从句的谓语动词需用(should+)动词原形表示虚拟。1. 宾语从句一想要(desire)二宁愿(prefer)三命令(order. command)四建议(advice. suggest. propose)五要求(demand. require. request. ask. insist)中，无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用：“should + do”。should可以省略。 In the past men generally preferred that their wives

11、 work in the home.I move that he be discharged for his serious mistake.Suggest and insist It is imperative that students _ their term papers on time.（04年）A. hand in B. would hand in C. have to hand in D. handed in3.下列名词接同位语从句或表语从句时，从句中动词用虚拟形式：insistence, preference, recommendation, suggestion, propo

12、sal, motion, desire, requirement, request, order, necessity, importance, regulation, rule, resolution, understanding。He left orders that nothing _ touched until the police arrived here.(97年）A. should be B. ought to be C. must be D. would beHe put forward his suggestion at the meeting that _(所有的考试应该推

13、迟)John pretends as if he didnt know the thing at all, but in fact he knows it very well.(用过去式表示与现在事实相反的假设) The old man looked nervous as though he had seen the ghost.(用过去完成式表示与过去相反的事实)They talked and talked as if they would never meet again (would+动词原形，表示与将来事实相反)四.在其他句型中的用法1. wish引导的宾语从句表示现在愿望，从句动词用

14、过去时 但是当用wish表示对过去的事遗憾的时候 宾语从句的谓语需用过去完成时 或would should could might + 现在完成时 对将来的愿望，从句中谓语动词用would, could, might+原型Although most adopted persons want the right to know who their natural parents are ,some who have found them wish that they _ the experience of meeting A.hadnt B didnt have had C.hadnt had

15、D hadnt have Id rather you had seen the film yesterday. 我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影。 Id rather you were here now. 我倒想你现在在这儿。 His wife would rather_(他们不再谈论这件事情)3. It is (high / about) time that + 主语+ 动词的过去式/ should + do，即从句用虚拟过去式。 表示早该做什么了。Its high time we _ cutting down the rainforests.（06年）A stopped B had to stop C shall stop D stop If I were in a movie, then it would be about time th