2022-2023学年江苏南京宁海中学高三第一次调研测试英语试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷考生请注意：1答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。2第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。3考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Be calm, Madam. Can you remember _ you had your mobile phone stolen?Awhen was it thatBthat it was whenCwhere it was

2、 thatDit was where that2_ the danger of drunk driving, many drivers promised never to drive after drinking.ARealizingBTo have realizedCRealizedDHaving realized3The style of the campus is quite different from _ of most Chinese universities where visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space

3、 and abundant building types.AthatBoneCthe oneDthose4How do you find the health club?I would rather I _ it. I feel its management is going from bad to worse.Ahavent joinedBhadnt joinedCdidnt joinDhad joined5The traffic problems we are looking forward to seeing should have attracted the governments a

4、ttention.Asolving Bsolve Csolved Dto solve6- Mom, I m going to the graduation dance tonight but I don t think I look attractive enough. Oh, darling, don t worry. _AThey dont know what beauty is. BNobody will care about it.CYou look perfect the way you are. DImpossible is nothing,7I will give you som

5、e articles which you can when you write the report.Arefer toBapply toClead toDtalk to8_ left the door unlocked must be held responsible for the accident.AWhomeverBWhoeverCWhateverDWhenever9Linda _ to her mother for so long that she figures out almost every gesture of her mothers.AattendedBhad attend

6、edCwould attendDhas attended10Your car should be ready next TuesdayWe were _ hoping youd be able to do it by this FridayAstillBratherCalwaysDeven11Janes pale face suggested that she _ ill and her parents suggested that she _ a medical exam.Abe; should haveBwas; haveCshould be; hadDwas; had12Another

7、study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree _ people view “volunteer” as an important social role.Aby whichBto whichCin whichDfrom which13_ to success cant defeat us. Instead, they can only make us stronger.AAttemptsBBarriersCContributionsDAccess14

8、The aim of the government is to make every citizen better off,_, to help them live a happy lifeAas a resultBfor a startCfor one thingDin other words15_ a high percentage of Australians may be people who watch sports rather than do them, as far as most of its population is concerned, it is indeed a g

9、reat sporting nation.AWhileBasCIfDWhether16Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students _ what is bothering them.Ato talk overBtalked overCtalk overDhaving talked over17Advertising is different from other forms of communication in that the advertiser pays for the message .Ato deliverBdeliv

10、eredCto be deliveredDdelivering18I _up my mind what I was going to say in the seminar, but it was cancelled.Ahave made Bhad madeCwas making Dwould make19In view of rapidly aging population,the second-child policy at the start of 2016.Ais adopted Bwas adopted Chas been adopted Dwas being adopted20Im

11、sorry for breaking the cup.Oh, _. Ive got plenty.Ahelp yourselfBforget itCmy pleasureDpardon me第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） That competition keeps prices down is well known. But it is hard to measure by just how much, because prices vary for all sorts of reasons, from diff

12、erences in labour costs and rents to taxes. Rising to the challenge is a new paper in The Economic Journal by Giacomo Calzolari, Andrea Ichino, Francesco Manaresi and Viki Nellas, economists at the European University Institute, Bologna University and the Italian central bank. They looked at pharmac

13、ies(药房) and specifically at customers who may be particularly easy to rip off: new parents.Using data for 2007 to 2010 covering about a fifth of pharmacies in Italy, the researchers measured the way in which prices of hygiene products for babies changed as the number of babies varied. They took adva

14、ntage of a peculiar law from the 1960s, according to which regions with at most 7,500 people are allowed just one pharmacy (supposedly to keep the quality of services high). They compared prices in places with populations just below this threshold, and just above.The products studied included some 3

15、,000 varieties of shampoos, bath foams, baby wipes, creams and so on. Many are also used by adults on themselves. Some people, for example, prefer sun-cream labeled “for children” because of its high level of protection. When raising prices for these products, even a pharmacist with a monopoly(垄断) m

16、ust consider the risk that adult users will switch to products that are not aimed at children. But a rise in the number of babies, and hence buyers who are parents, could tip the scales towards price increases. By contrast, the pharmacist should already be charging as much as parents are willing to

17、pay for products without adult users, such as nappies.The scholars found that pharmacists raised prices when there were more new parentsbut only in regions with a single pharmacy, and not for nappies. In monopoly areas a doubling of the number of babies from one month to the next (not unusual in a s

18、mall population) coincided with a 5% increase in the price of the basket of baby-hygiene products.The study is timely. Italys government has started to loosen some of the many restrictions that stop competition in the pharmacy sector (though not yet the one that the researchers relied on). But such

19、regulations are plentiful in many other lines of business, and not just in Italy. The consumers who pay the price are often those who find it hardest to travel to shop aroundfor example, people with crying babies on their hands.1、Whats the purpose of the study?ATo review the function of the special

20、law for pharmacies.BTo make clear the relation between competition and prices.CTo collect the information on pharmacy business in Italy.DTo gather the data on hygiene products for babies in Italy.2、“tip the scales” in Paragraph 3 means “_”.APush the moveBKeep the levelCControl the riseDBreak the bal

21、ance3、The governments new measures will greatly benefit _.Apharmacy ownersBlocal merchantsCnew parentsDadult users22（8分）Brain imaging was once thought to be too costly and difficult for widespread use in the developing world. But the technology soon may be available in poor countries. Brain imaging

22、creates pictures of brain activity. It uses infrared light similar to the light produced by a television remote control. Brain imaging can identify the first signs of cognitive (认知的) delays, mental problems, in newborns and young children. Such children could be suffering from a poor diet.The techno

23、logy has a long name functional near-infrared spectroscopy, or f-N-I-R-S. It involves placing an extremely small, soft helmet around a babys head. Infrared light is sent through the bone protecting the brain. It helps to show whether babies are developing normally for their age.f-N-I-R-S is consider

24、ed safer than other imaging methods, including MRI or PET scan. And it also can be easily moved. The brain scanner equipment can be loaded into a vehicle. Health workers can drive it from village to village.Clare Elwell is a professor of medical physics at University College London. She helped devel

25、op the relatively low-cost, non-aggressive imaging technology. She says the device measures oxygen in the blood to learn how babies brains are developing.“And as you use different areas of your brain, you direct oxygen to those different brain areas. And so if we look at the change in the distributi

26、on of the oxygen in your brain, we can work out how active your brain is and what your brain is actually processing.”Clare Elwell led a study of the testing method in rural Gambia. The babies involved were between four and eight months old. They were examined three times over 15 months. Researchers

27、noted the babies1 reactions to different images and sounds. She says poor nutrition and childhood diseases threaten the African children. She says the goal is to identify babies needing to be better fed or treated for health problems that can harm brain development.1、What do we know about the f-N-I-

28、R-S?AIt measures oxygen in the body to learn how brains are developing.BIt can only be used in newborns and young children.CIt is not only relatively cheap but also convenient.DIt is just like a soft helmet around a babys head.2、Whats the main solution to the diseases in brain in the countries like

29、Gambia?ATo guarantee their adequate medicine.BTo develop economy.CTo offer their proper education.DTo insure they can get good nutrition.3、Why did Clare Elwell lead the study of (he testing method in Gambia?ABecause she was born there.BBecause she was a volunteer doctor there.CBecause she wanted to

30、cure the children there of their brain diseases.DBecause she wanted to know if poor nutrition resulted in brain problems.4、Which of the following can be the best title for the text?ABrain Imaging Enters AfricaBPoor Nutrition Only Led to Mental ProblemsCf-N-I-R-S, A New Imaging MethodDPoor Countries

31、Can All Use f-N-I-R-S Now23（8分） The year 2018 will mark the 100th anniversary of the deadliest influenza outbreak in history. It is estimated that the influenza pandemic(瘟疫) of 1918 killed more than 50 million people around the world. Other estimates go much higher. Because of a lack of medical reco

32、rdkeeping, we may never know the exact number.The influenza was a fast killer. Some victims died within hours of their first symptoms. Others died after a few days. “their lungs filled with liquid and they choked to death.” The 1918 flu pandemic was also different from other outbreaks. It struck man

33、y young, healthy people. Viruses usually affect sick or old people.Although modern medicine effectively controls many diseases, influenza remains difficult to protect against. The World Health Organization estimates that every year influenza kills 250,000 to 500,000 people around the world. Each yea

34、r, medical scientists develop flu vaccines(疫苗) which offer immunity(免疫) from some influenza viruses. But they can only guess which form of the virus will spread.Health officials remain concerned about another flu pandemic. New forms of the flu virus appear regularly. One example was the “swine flu”

35、or H1N1 outbreak in 2009. Anthony Fauci, Director of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases in the United States says that virus caused a true pandemic.To stop the next pandemic, scientists are now researching how to create a universal influenza vaccine. In October 2017, Vanderbilt University

36、 Medical Center in the U. S. announced the Universal Influenza Vaccine Initiative. The university said researchers are leading an international effort to develop a universal influenza vaccine that will protect everyone against all forms of the flu anywhere in the world. The university added that res

37、earchers will begin tests in early 2018. the Human Vaccines Project, a publicprivate partnership, is funding the project. However, until a universal influenza vaccine is available, todays seasonal flu vaccine remains important.1、What do we know about the influenza in 1918?AIt swept across the whole

38、Europe.BNo one survived the first few days.CIt killed the largest number of people.DIt struck only young and healthy people.2、Why is influenza difficult to protect against?AIt spreads too rapidly.BIt is quite easy to catch.CNo vaccine is available.DIts hard to judge the form of virus.3、What does the

39、 author want to tell by mentioning H1N1 in 2009?ANew forms of flu virus keeps appearing.BIt was the most serious in recent years.CIt was caused by the same flu virus of 1918.DThe H1N1 virus was deadly as well.4、What can we learn about the universal influenza vaccine?AThe development is quite costly.

40、BIt will be used all over the world.CIt can protect against all forms of flu.DIt will soon come into use in 2019.24（8分） Thirteen can be a challenging age. Not only did I have to adapt to my changing body, I also had to deal with my parents bitter divorce, a new family and the upsetting move from my

41、country home to a crowded town.When we moved, my beloved companion, a small brown pony had to be sold. I was heartbroken and terribly lonely. I couldnt eat or sleep and cried all the time. Finally, realizing how much I missed my pony, my father bought me another horse, Cowboy.Cowboy was without doub

42、t the ugliest horse in the world. But I didnt care. I loved him beyond all reasons.I joined a riding club. When Cowboy and I entered the events where the horse was judged by appearance, we were quickly ”shown the gate”. I knew nothing could turn Cowboy into a beauty. My only chance to compete would

43、be in the timed speed events. I chose the jumping race.For the whole next month we practiced running and jumping for hours in the hot sun and then I would walk Cowboy home, totally exhausted.All of our hard work didnt make me feel confident by the time the show came. One girl named Becky rode a big

44、brown horse in the race events. She always won the blue ribbons. I sat at the gate and sweated all out while I watched Becky and her horse charge through the court and finish in first place.My turn finally came. At the signal, we dashed toward the first fence, jumped over it without trouble and race

45、d on to the next one. Cowboy then flew over the second, third and fourth fences like a bird and I turned him toward the finish line.No cheers filled the air. The end of our run was met with surprised silence. Cowboy and I had beaten Becky and her fancy horse by two seconds.I gained much more than a

46、blue ribbon that day. At thirteen, I realized that no matter what the odds, Id always come out a winner if I wanted something badly enough to work for it. I can be the owner of my fate.1、Why did the author like Cowboy so much in spite of its ugliness?ABecause she loved horses more than anything else

47、.BBecause Cowboy was a strong and smart young horse.CBecause Cowboy had a lot in common with her pony.DBecause she was sad and lonely and needed a companion.2、The audience fell into silence at the end of the run probably because_.Athey didnt expect Cowboy would win the eventBthey were unhappy that B

48、ecky was beaten in the eventCthey didnt like cowboy, for it was too uglyDthey never saw a horse running as fast as Cowboy3、After the competition, the author came to realize that _.Ashe ought to gather the courage to solve all the problemsBit was time to forget her pony and treat Cowboy betterCshe ne

49、eded to work harder to win more blue ribbonsDshe could be the god of her own fate if she tried hard enough4、It can be inferred from the story that _.Aall of their hard training was totally in vainBa blue ribbon must be the second highest prizeCCowboy lost in the event of being judged by appearanceDb

50、oth Becky and the author won in the jumping event25（10分）Have you ever heard of the following people? Maybe yes, maybe no. But they may be an inspiration for you.The Tree LadyKate Sessions was an American botanist and landscape architect closely associated with San Diego, California. After becoming t

51、he first woman that graduate from the University of California, Berkeley, she took a job as a teacher far south in the dry desert town of San Diego. Kate decided that San Diego needed trees more than anything else. Therefore, this young woman single-handedly started a movement transforming the town

52、into the leafy, garden-filled place as it is today.The Snowflake (雪花) ManWilson Bentley is one of the first known photographers of snowflakes. His enthusiasm for taking photos of snowflakes began from his boyhood and was often misunderstood in his time, but his determination revealed two important t

53、ruths ： no two snowflakes are alike, and each one is surprisingly beautiful. In 1931, he worked with William J. Humphreys of the U. S. Weather Bureau to publish Snow Crystals, a book containing 2,500 photographs.The Father of His CountryBy the late 1760s, George Washington had experienced first-hand

54、 the effects of rising taxes imposed on American colonies (殖民地) by the British, and came to believe that it was in the local peopled best interests to declare independence from England. During the American War of Independence, he led the colonial forces to victory. In 1787, he was elected president

55、of the Convention that wrote the U. S. Constitution. Two years later, Washington became Americas first president. His retirement from office after two terms established a tradition that lasted until 1940, when Franklin Delano Roosevelt won a third term. The 22nd Amendment now limits the president to

56、 two elected terms.1、Who made a great effort to make an area beautiful?AKate Sessions. BWilson Bentley.CGeorge Washington. DWilliam J. Humphreys.2、What is Wilson Bentley well-known for?AHis creative ideas to publish books.BHis courage to fight against prejudice.CHis persistence in photographing snow

57、flakes.DHis devotion to teaching kids scientific truths.3、What can we infer about the people mentioned in the text?AThey are really creative.BThey are very determined.CThey are highly educated.DThey are pretty confident.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（

58、30分）Christmas is a time when everyone is expected to be joyful. Most people try to put on their best smiles to give the impression that they are really happy, 1 when they have little children who believe in the magic of Christmas. They believe that Santa will come down the chimney with 2 gifts for t

59、hem.But Christmas or not, life goes on. Good things happen 3 not-so-good ones. It 4 on Christmas of 209. I woke up early and gathered my children and husband to sit down by the Christmas tree to open the gifts. The kids were 5 After the ceremony, I decided to 6 my emails to see if I had mail from my

60、 7 overseas. The only email I had was from my sister, but I was not 8 for the news I was about to receive. She said that she had been diagnosed with a terminal 9 and that she had little time to live. I tried to speak, but 10 failed me. I was 11 terribly.My husband realized something was wrong. After