暑期能力-英语-北京-初三-阅读理解之阅读与表达

1、年 级： 新初三辅导科目：英语T 1、熟悉题型特点。 2、重点学习该题型的解题方法。课 时 年 级： 新初三辅导科目：英语T 1、熟悉题型特点。 2、重点学习该题型的解题方法。课 时 数：学科教师：C T 阅读理解之阅读与表达暑期能力 -英语-北京-初三- 阅读理解之阅读与表达学员编号：学员姓名：授课类型教学目标星级授课日期及时段教学内容T-阅读理解之阅读与表达（建议 2-5 分钟）Jon: Hi, there. Im Jon Arbuckle. Im a cartoonist, and this is my cat Garfield. Garfield: Hi, there. Im Garf

2、ield. Im a cat, and this is my cartoonist, Jon. Jon: Our only thought is to entertain you. Garfield: Feed me. 大家好！我叫姜艾伯克，是个漫画师，这是我的猫加菲大家好！我叫加菲，是只猫，这是我的漫画师老姜1 / 14 3%的生词量，单词量在5 道小题，共 10 分。此题难度稍大，它不仅考查了学生的what，when，where，whoYes/No. what, how, why陷阱题；3%的生词量，单词量在5 道小题，共 10 分。此题难度稍大，它不仅考查了学生的what，when，wh

3、ere，whoYes/No. what, how, why陷阱题；直接找到答案 ；250300 阅读能力 还考查了学生的我们只有一个想法让大家都开心我也只有一个想法快拿吃的给我（建议 20-25 分钟）阅读与表达解题方法详解一、基本概念阅读与表达题型要求学生阅读短文并回答问题。短文通常有左右。本题有书面表达能力 。二、考查要点及题型特点1、考查要点1）掌握所读短文的主旨和大意；2）了解阐述主旨的事实和细节；3）根据所读短文进行判断和推论2、题型特点1）各种疑问句的命题顺序和比例固定：一般疑问句 （64题）：占 20% 通常出现在第一道题；特殊疑问句 （65-68 题）：占 60%-80%，后四

4、道一般都是。选择疑问句 （66或 67或 68题）：占 20%，出现几率较小，但属于2） 前四道（ 64-67 题）注重考察 事实细节 ，一般能从文章中2 / 14 难题和失分点 。）re hot? t need tomportant for you to drink water.s i On hot days, you can lose about 16 glasses of water in one 暑期能力 -英语难题和失分点 。）re hot? t need tomportant for you to drink water.s i On hot days, you can lose

5、about 16 glasses of water in one 最后一道（ 68 题）一般考察 主旨大意 ，需要归纳总结，为三、解题方法详解第一步：理清文章 思路和主旨 （首尾段，首尾句，过渡词，标题）第二步：根据设问关键词 定位查找 到相关句子或段落第三步：整合答案（批注：阅读与表达题型同时考查学生的阅读能力和表达能力。从学生答题情况来看，最后一道主旨题因欠缺总结概括能力而易失分，其他四道题一般都错在答语不够准确到位。因此教师可将重点放在最后一道主旨的归纳总结和讲解如何整合答案，即正确规范的语言表达。1、主旨大意攻坚战，做好“第一步”是关键；典型例题例 1）On a very hot da

6、y, it is hard to know what to do to feel good. If you run around, you may feel sick in your stomach. However, if you just sit quietly and do nothing, you may feel bored. Are there things you can do to feel good and have fun when youPerhaps playing in water is a good choice to make you cool down.Taki

7、ng a cool bath or shower, or even washing toys in a pan of cool water can also make you feel good on a hot day. Besides, you can read stories or paint in front of a fan. You donmove your body very much. These are just some of the cool things to do on a hot day. In addition , it3 / 14 t wait for thir

8、st before you start to drink. You should ruit juice into your water is a fun way to help you t need any cooking. s purpose of writing this passage?从二至四段的主题句re hot?for your own safety. There are a few things that you might find different from driving in your country. Hereyour right. s some暑期能力 -英语t w

9、ait for thirst before you start to drink. You should ruit juice into your water is a fun way to help you t need any cooking. s purpose of writing this passage?从二至四段的主题句re hot?for your own safety. There are a few things that you might find different from driving in your country. Hereyour right. s som

10、eday. If you feel thirsty, you are already short of water. So dontry to drink as much water as you lose every day. Mixing a little fdrink plenty of water. The food you eat also makes a difference in how you feel in the heat. Cold foods such as ice cream and drinks with some ice can cool down your bo

11、dies. Fruits and vegetables are also helpful to stay cool in hot weather. So plan a healthy menu for a hot day-one that doesn65. Is it easy to know what to do to feel good on a hot day? 66. Is playing in water a good choice or a bad one? 67. How much water do we lose one day in hot weather? 68. What

12、 is a healthy menu for a hot day? 69. What is the writer答案： To give suggestions about what to do to feel good and have fun on hot days. 解析： 首段点题： Are there things you can do to feel good and have fun when you即首句可看出分别介绍了三种在热天可以做的事，阐述主旨。通过主题句和过渡词可清晰把握文章思路，为完成事实细节题进行定位查找做准备。例 2）If you drive in New Zeal

13、and, it is necessary for you to take a little time to learn the road rulesand othersinformation to help make your driving experience in New Zealand a safe and enjoyable one. Keep left In New Zealand, traffic travels on the left-hand side of the road and the driver sits on the right of the car. When

14、you are turning, you should be careful to the left side. Remember to keep your eyes on the road ahead. It is easy to draw your attention to the beautiful parts in New Zealand. Crossing Give Way ruleIf youre turning, give way to all cars that are not turning. In all other situations, give way to cars

15、 crossing or coming from4 / 14 bridges ions. s instructtbelts. If you are caught not wearing your s instructions? safet in New Zealand. 从黑色小标题可看出二至五5中在新西兰的交通规则。尾段进一步点明得到更多关于新西兰交通方面信息暑期能力 bridges ions. s instructtbelts. If you are caught not wearing your s instructions? safet in New Zealand. 从黑色小标题可看

16、出二至五5中在新西兰的交通规则。尾段进一步点明得到更多关于新西兰交通方面信息One lane（行车道）Many roads in New Zealand have one lane bridges on them. At one lane bridges, cars traveling in one direction must give way to cars going in the other direction.Any of the signs (标志) shown in the left picture mean that you are coming to a one lane b

17、ridge. Slow down and check for traffic coming the other way. The smaller arrow shows which direction has to give way. Animals on the road Watch out for farm animals on the road, especially in the countryside. When you see them, please slow down. You may need to stop and let the animals go past you o

18、r move slowly up behind and follow the farmerSeatbelts It is a law that all the drivers must wear their seaseatbelt, you will be fined. More information Information on road safety, including the New Zealand Road Code are available (可得到的 ) by going to t.nz or by phoning New Zealand Transport Agency 0

19、800 699 000 or visit aa.co.nz. 64. Does traffic travel on the left side of the road in New Zealand? 65. What should drivers do when they see the sights in Picture 3 while driving? 66. When do drivers need to follow the farmer67. How many road rules in New Zealand are mentioned? 68. What does the wri

20、ter want to tell us? 答案： Some road rules and the ways to get more information on road safety in New Zealand. 解析： 首段点题： the road rulesfor your own and others段分别配图示讲解了的方式。主旨要全面概括主旨段落首尾段的内容。5 / 14 s age, not just暑期能力 -英语-北京-初三s age, not just例 3）Learning to understand your mother well is what you should

21、 do. Here are the best steps towards a better relationship with her. They are not necessarily surprising, but they have worked for many people. Try them. Remember your mothers ageAs children, we often do not think of our mother as having an age. Knowing our motherin numbers of years but in terms of

22、her psychological and physical state, often helps us to understand her better. Listen to your mother I have found that sometimes the things my mother told me long ago are pretty useful. If you respect her point of view, even if you do not share it, it will help your mother feel close to you. Ask you

23、r mother about your childhood history.If you are lucky enough to have living family, think of your life as a jigsaw puzzle and ask as many questions as you can to put the picture together. Understanding your roots and your childhood can help you know more clearly who you are, as part of a family whi

24、ch you share with your mother. Taking any measure to understand our mother is the topic of how we understand ourselves. We should follow the way of her life. When we are able to accept our mother with all her failings, we can understand her better and it can also help us to know about our shortcomin

25、gs. Remember that understanding our mother is really about understanding ourselves. 64. Should we learn to understand our mother well? 65. What can help us understand our mother better? 66. How do we make our mother feel close to us? 67. Why do we ask our mother about our childhood history? 68.What

26、does the writer want to tell us? 答案： How and why to understand our mother better.(The ways to understand our mother better and the value of it/understanding our mother is really understanding ourselves.) 6 / 14 Remember that understanding our how and why教师可带着学生回顾前几节课讲过的阅读理解解题思路和方法，）) 修饰语+修饰语。 e.g. H

27、ow and why to understand our mother better. 看准提问方式，答案形式要符合提问方式。一般疑问句 :Yes/No.特殊疑问句：针对疑问词回答A or B 选择疑问句：明确主Both Remember that understanding our how and why教师可带着学生回顾前几节课讲过的阅读理解解题思路和方法，）) 修饰语+修饰语。 e.g. How and why to understand our mother better. 看准提问方式，答案形式要符合提问方式。一般疑问句 :Yes/No.特殊疑问句：针对疑问词回答A or B 选择疑

28、问句：明确主Both 解析： 首段点题： Learning to understand your mother Here are the best steps 中间三个段落分别阐述了三种理解妈妈的方法。 尾段升华： 阐述了尝试去理解妈妈的原因和意义。mother is really about understanding ourselves.所以主旨应为两方面（批注 1:在讲解这三道例题时，旨和细节的关系及做题顺序，在解决主旨大意题后可接着练习对前四道细节题根据关键词进行定位查找，确定答案所在的位置，实践做题方法第二步。(批注 2：教师可引导学生自我总结一下文章主旨大意的特点。见下框 多出现在

29、首尾，亦可通过中间段落大意进行判断总结； 全面，扣在整篇文章头上不大不小； 高度抽象概括，无细节支撑；中心词 表达一般为中心词Suggestion about what to do to feel good and have fun on hot days. Some road rules and the way to get more information on road safety in New Zealand. 2、阅读表达不丢分，规范表达是关键。1）所答是所问64. Should we learn to understand our mother well?65. What can

30、 help us understand our mother better? 66. How do we make our mother feel close to us? 67. Why do we ask our mother about our childhood history? 67. Will the negative pressure lead you to study harder or drink and smoke? 66. Is playing in water a good choice or a bad one?（2011 海淀二模）Neither 选择疑问句是陷阱题

31、，学生往往会误当成一般疑问句解答，所以要仔细审题。7 / 14 避免照抄原文65 题 Knowing our mothers age.s age, 暑期能力 避免照抄原文65 题 Knowing our mothers age.s age, 2）言简意赅64 题Learning to understand your mother well is what you should do. Here are the best steps towards a better relationship with her. They are not necessarily surprising, but t

32、hey have worked for many people. Try them. Remember your mothers ageAs children, we often do not think of our mother as having an age. not just in numbers of years but in terms of her psychological and physical state, often helps us to understand her better. Listen to your mother I have found that s

33、ometimes the things my mother told me long ago are pretty useful.66题 If you respect her point of view, even if you do not share it, it will help your mother feel close to you. Ask your mother about your childhood history.If you are lucky enough to have living family, think of your life as a jigsaw p

34、uzzle and ask as many questions as you can to put the picture together.Understanding your roots and your childhood can help you know more clearly who you are, as part of a family which you share with your mother. Taking any measure to understand our mother is the topic of how we understand ourselves

35、. We should follow the way of her life. When we are able to accept our mother with all her failings, we can understand her better and it can also help us to know about our shortcomings. Remember that understanding our mother is really about understanding ourselves. 64. Should we learn to understand

36、our mother well? 65. What can help us understand our mother better? 66. How do we make our mother feel close to us? 答案： 64. Yes. 65. Remembering/Knowing your mother66. By respecting her point of view. 8 / 14 Yes /No的问题,要做到一字定乾坤 ，只答 Yes /NoIt is/ He doesn Yes /No的问题,要做到一字定乾坤 ，只答 Yes /NoIt is/ He does

37、n 因为很容易将人称或助动词或时态搞错；65 题以 whatwhat， What can help us understand our mother better?- Knowing s age；66题以 How 提问方式，将原句整合为by或句子回答。By respecting her point of view. (通过解析：64 题：对于第一道以一般疑问句提问的简单判断题即最好不要画蛇添足，再加上65 题-67 题：根据题干关键词定位查找到相关句子和段落后，整合答案时切忌不要照搬原句，费力不讨好。而要把问题和找到的段落和句子有机的整合在一起，这就是表达的过程。提问，回答时就需要直接针对yo

38、ur mother方式) 总之，要做到不要照抄定位查找到的原句，而要根据“所答是所问”的原则整合原句。表达要简洁，准确，不拖泥带水。3）符合语法Why 提问，because回答；Where、When 提问，莫忘记时间，地点介词；What提问，名词，代词，动名词或短语回答；How 提问感觉用形容词回答；提问方式用介词提问目的（ purpose），用动词不定式开头。66. Where is the Artic Hall Hotel? 答案： In Jukkasjarvi in the north of Sweden. 65. Why did people start eating fast foo

39、d? 答案：Becaus they were too busy. 65. What did the children use to carry their things at first? 答案：Plastic bags. 65. What can help us understand our mother better? 答案： Remembering/Knowing your mother s age.66. How do we make our mother feel close to us? 答案：By respecting her point of view. 68. When di

40、d British-born Chinese start to have a better education? 答案： In the 1970s and 1980s. 79. What are the purpose of celebrating the Earth Day? 9 / 14 10分，每小题 2分）节俭的消费者 ) is one way to help. t throw away any bits of the biscuit at the t have to have the latest t work any more. Then you can get a new one

41、. Think twice 资源t want any more takes up even more resources and space.). And, 10分，每小题 2分）节俭的消费者 ) is one way to help. t throw away any bits of the biscuit at the t have to have the latest t work any more. Then you can get a new one. Think twice 资源t want any more takes up even more resources and spa

42、ce.). And, s resources(答案： To help more people realize（建议 5-10分钟）八、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共We need to be responsible for our environment. Being a frugal consumer(But, what exactly does that mean? Use It Up You can use things up instead of wasting them. Squeeze that last bit of toothpaste out of the rube.

43、Use the last little piece of soap. Donbottom of the box. Wear It Out You do not always need to have new things. Suppose your sneakers have broken laces, but they still fit you. Repair them and wear them longer. You doniPhone until the old one doesnbefore replacing something that still works. Make It

44、 Do When something you want is not on hand, look for something else that you already have to take its place. Suppose you are packing your lunch for tomorrow and want a butter sandwich. You are out of butter. Have a cheese sandwich instead so that you can use all of the cheese. Learn to fix broken bo

45、ys instead of just throwing them away. With a little thought, you can make something do, instead of buying something new. Do Without Think about all those things that you would like to have. Do you really need them? How long will you really play with that new toy you saw on TV? Making the things tha

46、t we want uses up our worldgetting rid of the things we don65. Do we need to be responsible for our environment? 66. How do we deal with the last little piece of soap? 67. When do we need to get a new iPhone? 68. What should we do when something we want is not on hand? 10 / 14 t work any more.（共 10分

47、，每小题 2分）and had no time to learn English. As more Chinese 经暑期能t work any more.（共 10分，每小题 2分）and had no time to learn English. As more Chinese 经69. What does the writer want to tell us? 答案： 65. Yes, we do. 66. Use it up. 67. Until the old one doesn68. Look for something else. 69. Why and how to be a

48、responsible consumer./ What we should do to be a frugal consumer , in order to be responsible for our environment./ What the exact ways to help the environment are. 八、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Chinatown is the name given to an area in the middle of London. It is just between Leicester Square and Shaftsbury Av

49、enue. Gerrard Street is at the center and is the most important street in the area. There is a large Chinese community(社区) with a lot of Chinese restaurants, Chinese supermarkets and shops in this street. In the 1950s, it was a poor area and everything was very cheap. At the same time, the world ric

50、e market changed and thousands of farm workers in Hong Kong lost their jobs. They began arriving in London to look for work. They found jobs in the restaurants in this area. Many British people liked Chinese food, and the restaurants were popular. These restaurant workers often worked 17 hours a day

51、 arrived, more shops and businesses grew up. Wives came and joined their husbands and children came and joined their fathers. The community grew, and Chinatown was born. In the 1970s and 1980s, British-born Chinese started to have a better education and this brought economic(济的) success to the area.

52、 Many families moved out of Chinatown, and there was more space for businesses. Gerrard Street became a street only for visitors and was soon a popular place for tourists. Now everyone knows about LondonChinatown. s During the Chinese New Year, the streets are seen with flags and thousands of Chines

53、e go into the streets. For most of the year, though, Londoners and tourists go there mainly for the food in the Chinese restaurants. The best restaurants are the ones where the Chinese eat. 65. Is this Chinatown in the middle of London? 66. Was the area rich or poor in the 1950s? 67. Why did the res

54、taurant workers have not time to learn English? 68. When did British-born Chinese start to have a better education? 69. What are the main points about Chinatown in this passage? 11 / 14 65. Yes.（共 10分，每小题 2分）阅读短文，根据其内容回答问题。s so special百万) Americans joined the first Earth Day activities. They showed

55、that s a good thing because they needed a y enough for birds, fish, and other animals. s health65. Yes.（共 10分，每小题 2分）阅读短文，根据其内容回答问题。s so special百万) Americans joined the first Earth Day activities. They showed that s a good thing because they needed a y enough for birds, fish, and other animals. s he

56、alth“-Bye Throwaway Culture Week.Bye” They wanted everyone to see how polluted it was to 答案：66. It was poor. 67. Because they often worked 17 hours a day. 68. In the 1970s and 1980s. 69. Where it is and how it has developed. 九、阅读与表达One cool April 22 morning, people started the day as usual. Yet it w

57、as not a normal day. Whatabout April 22? The answer is simple. It is Earth Day. People all over the world celebrate this important day. The idea of having a special day to celebrate Earth began in the 1960s. Life was very different then. Few people talked or even thought about the environment. Most people had no idea how dirty our air and water were. On April 22, 1970,