2022年考研考博-考博英语-中南大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号33

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-中南大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Althoughthegeneticexplanationofwhysomepeopleareright-handedwhereasothersareleft-handedisplausible,ithasbeeneffectivelychallengedbyexperimentsinwhichgenetically（

）miceshoweddifferentpawpreferences.

问题1选项

A.verified

B.indistinguishable

C.identical

D.complex

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。verified“已证实的”；indistinguishable“不能区别的；”identical“同一的；完全相同的”；complex“复杂的；合成的”。句意：虽然遗传学解释为什么有些人习惯用右手而另一些是左撇子似乎是合理的，它已经被基因实验有效地挑战，在基因上别无二致的鼠表现出使用爪子的不同偏好。由plausible“看似可信的”与showeddifferentpawpreferences“表现出不同偏好”可知B项符合语境，故B项正确。

2.写作题

Writeanessayofabout250to300wordsonthetopic“ScienceandArts:theIntegrationintheDisciplineResearched"accordingtotheideagivenbelowandoutlineinChinese.

科学和艺术是促进人类社会发展的两个翅膀，一个强调严谨，客观，深遂而锲而不舍地探究自然和社会的内在构架和发展路径，一个表现华丽，张扬，丰富多彩而魅力四射地展示着人们独具的感知和想象的梦境。两者各具不同的特点但却互相关联着，在学术研究中，注重科学活动过程的科学性和艺术性的这种相辅相成也会为我们的不同专业研究带来绚丽而又实诚的果实。请你结合自己的学科专业研究实际的例证，谈谈研究活动中科学性和艺术性关系会对自己未来发展的影响作用。

1）科学和艺术定义及其相辅相成的关系。

2）本专业学术研究中的科学性和艺术性相辅相成的特点。

3）用实例说明两者结合会为我的专业发展和研究带来重要的突破和发展。

【答案】略

3.单选题

ThatLouiseNevelsonisbelievedbymanycriticstobethegreatesttwentieth-centurysculptorisallthemoreremarkablebecausethegreatestresistancetowomenartistshasbeen,untilrecently,inthefieldofsculpture.SinceNeolithictimes,sculpturehasbeenconsideredtheprerogativeofmen,partly,perhaps,forpurelyphysicalreasons;itwaserroneouslyassumedthatwomenwerenotsuitedforthehardmanuallaborrequiredinsculptingstone,carvingwood,orworkinginmetal.Ithasbeenonlyduringthetwentiethcenturythatwomensculptorshavebeenrecognizedasmajorartists,andithasbeenintheUnitedStates,especiallysincethedecadesofthefiftiesandsixties,thatwomensculptorshaveshownthegreatestoriginalityandcreativepower.TheirrisetoprominenceparallelsthedevelopmentofsculptureitselfintheUnitedStates;whiletherehadbeenafewtalentedsculptorsintheUnitedStatesbeforethe1940,itwasonlyafter1945——whenNewYorkwasrapidlybecomingtheartcapitaloftheworld——thatmajorsculpturewasproducedintheUnitedStates.Someofthebestwastheworkofwomen.

ByfarthemostoutstandingofthesewomenisLouiseNevelson,whointheeyesofmanycriticsisthemostoriginalfemaleartistalivetoday.Onefamousandinfluentialcritic,HiltonKramer,saidofherwork.“Formyself,IthinkMs.Nevelsonsucceedswherethepaintersoftenfail.”

HerworkshavebeencomparedtotheCubistconstructionsofPicasso,theSurrealisticobjectsofMiro,andtheMerzbauofSchwitters.Nevelsonwouldbethefirsttoadmitthatshehasbeeninfluencedbyallofthese,aswellasbyAfricansculpture,andbyNativeAmericanandpre-Columbianart,butshehasabsorbedalltheseinfluencesandstillcreatedadistinctiveartthatexpressestheurbanlandscapeandtheaestheticsensibilityofthetwentiethcentury.Nevelsonsays,“Ihavealwayswantedtoshowtheworldthatartiseverywhere,exceptthatithastopassthroughacreativemind.”

Usingmostlydiscardedwoodenobjectslikepackingcrates,brokenpiecesoffurniture,andabandonedarchitecturalornaments,allofwhichshehashoardedforyears,sheassemblesarchitecturalconstructionsofgreatbeautyandpower.Creatingveryfreelywithnosketches,shegluesandnailsobjectstogether,paintsthemblack,ormorerarelywhiteorgold,andplacestheminboxes.Theseassemblages,walls,evenentireenvironmentscreateamysterious,almostawe-inspiringatmosphere.Althoughshehasdeniedanysymbolicorreligiousintentinherworks,theirthree-dimensionalgrandeurandeventheirtitles,suchasSkyCathedralandNightCathedral,suggestsuchconnotations.Insomeways,hermostambitiousworksareclosertoarchitecturethantotraditionalsculpture,blitthenneitherLouiseNevelsonnorherartfitsintoanyneatcategory.

1.Thepassagefocusesprimarilyonwhichofthefollowing?

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbyinformationgiveninthepassage?

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorbelieveswhichofthefollowingaboutNevelson’ssculptures?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutNevelson’ssculpturescanbeinferredfromthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Ageneraltendencyintwentieth-centuryart

B.Theworkofaparticularartist

C.Theartisticinfluencesonwomensculptors

D.Criticalresponsestotwentieth-centurysculpture

问题2选项

A.Priorto1945therewaslittlemajorsculptureproducedbymenorwomensculptorsworkingintheUnitedStates.

B.Since1950sculptureproducedintheUnitedStateshasbeenthemostoriginalandcreativesculptureproducedanywhere.

C.From1900to1950womensculptorsinEuropeenjoyedmorerecognitionfortheirworkthandidwomensculptorsintheUnitedStates.

D.Priorto1945thereweremanywomensculptorswhoseworkwasignoredbycritics.

问题3选项

A.Theyshowtheinfluenceoftwentieth-centuryarchitecture.

B.Theydonothavequalitiescharacteristicofsculpture

C.Theyaremysteriousandawe-inspiring,butnotbeautiful.

D.Theysuggestreligiousandsymbolicmeanings.

问题4选项

A.Theyaremeantfordisplayoutdoors.

B.Theyareoftenpaintedinseveralcolors.

C.Theyaresometimesverylarge.

D.Theyarebuiltaroundacentralwoodenobject.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。由第一段中第一句“ThatLouiseNevelsonisbelievedbymanycriticstobethegreatesttwentieth-centurysculptorisallthemoreremarkablebecausethegreatestresistancetowomenartistshasbeen,untilrecently,inthefieldofsculpture.”提出“路易丝•奈维尔森(LouiseNevelson)被许多评论家认为是20世纪最伟大的女雕刻家”及随后段落讲述“路易丝•奈维尔森的艺术作品特点，评论家对她的评论等”可知本文主要讲一个特殊的艺术家的作品。B项符合题意。A项“二十世纪艺术的普遍趋势”；C项“对女性雕塑家的艺术影响”；D项“对二十世纪雕塑的批判回应”。

2.细节事实题。定位第一段中“...whiletherehadbeenafewtalentedsculptorsinthe

UnitedStatesbeforethe1940,itwasonlyafter1945——whenNewYorkwasrapidlybecomingtheartcapitaloftheworld—thatmajorsculpturewasproducedintheUnitedStates.Someofthebestwastheworkofwomen.尽管1940年前美国只有很少的有才华的雕刻家，直到1945年,当纽约迅速成为世界艺术之都——主要的雕塑是在美国生产的。其中最好的一些是女性的作品。”可知A项“在1945年之前，美国很少有由男性或女性雕塑家创作的大型雕塑作品。”正确。

3.细节事实题。定位最后一段中“Althoughshehasdeniedanysymbolicorreligiousintentinherworks,theirthree-dimensionalgrandeurandeventheirtitles,suchasSkyCathedralandNightCathedral,suggestsuchconnotations.尽管她否认自己的作品中具有任何象征性的或宗教的意图，但她作品的三维立体的恢宏气势以及它们的标题，如《天庭大教堂》以及《黑夜大教堂》等都暗示了如此的含义。”可知D项“它们暗示着宗教和象征意义”正确。答案D。

4.判断推理题由Creatingveryfreelywithnosketches,shegluesandnailsobjectstogether,paintsthemblack,ormorerarelywhiteorgold,andplacestheminboxes.她非常自由地创作，没有素描，她把物体粘在一起，钉在一起，把它们涂成黑色，或者很少涂成白色或金色，然后把它们放在盒子里。”可推知A项“它们是用来在户外展示的。”及B项“它们经常被漆成几种颜色”不正确；D项“它们经常围绕一个中心的木制物体而被建造”在文中没有提到；由最后一段中“Theseassemblages,walls,evenentireenvironmentscreateamysterious,almostawe-inspiringatmosphere.这些装配艺术品、墙操，甚至整个的环境艺术品营造出一种神秘的、几乎是引人恐惧的氛围。”可推知“路易丝•奈维尔森(LouiseNevelson)的一些作品有时是非常大的”，故C项正确。

4.单选题

Thereseemstobeno（

）thereadingpublic’sthirstforbooksaboutthe1960’s；indeed,thenormallevelofinteresthasincreasedrecentlybecauseofaspateofpopulartelevisiondocumentaries.

问题1选项

A.slaking

B.reference

C.decoration

D.soporific

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。slaking消散，消化；reference参考，提及；decoration装饰；soporific催眠剂。句意：阅读群众对20世纪60年代的书籍的渴望并没有减少；事实上，由于受一连串的通俗电视纪录片的影响，普遍的兴趣还增加了。根据句意及前后关系可知A项正确。

5.单选题

Thechemicalformulaofdeoxyribonucleicacid(DNA)isnowwellestablished.Themoleculeisaverylongchain,thebackboneofwhichconsistsofaregularalternationofsugarandphosphategroups.Toeachsugarisattachedanitrogenousbase,whichcanbeoffourdifferenttypes.Twoofthepossiblebases—adenineandguanine—arepurines,andtheothertwo—thymineandcytosine—arepyrimidines.Soareasisknown,thesequenceofbasesalongthechainisirregular.Themonomerunit,consistingofphosphate,sugarandbase,isknownasanucleotide.

Thefirstfeatureofourstructurewhichisofbiologicalinterestisthatitconsistsnotofonechain,butoftwo.Thesetwochainsarebothcoiledaroundacommonfiberaxis.Ithasoftenbeenassumedthatsincetherewasonlyonechaininthechemicalformulatherewouldonlybeoneinthestructuralunit.However,thedensity,takenwiththeX-rayevidence,suggestsverystronglythattherearetwo.

Theotherbiologicallyimportantfeatureisthemannerinwhichthetwochainsareheldtogether.Thisisdonebyhydrogenbondsbetweenthebases.Thebasesarejoinedtogetherinpairs,asinglebasefromonechainbeinghydrogen-bondedtoasinglebasefromtheother.Theimportantpointisthatonlycertainpairsofbaseswillfitintothestructure.Onememberofapairmustbeapurineandtheotherapyrimidineinordertobridgebetweenthetwochains.Ifapairconsistedoftwopurines,forexample,therecouldnotberoomforit.

Webelievethatthebaseswillbepresentalmostentirelyintheirmostprobableforms.Ifthisistrue,theconditionsforforminghydrogenbondsaremorerestrictive,andtheonlypairsofbasespossibleare:adeninewiththymine,andguaninewithcytosine.Adenine,forexample,canoccuroneitherchain;butwhenitdoes,itspartnerontheotherchainmustalwaysbethymine.

Thephosphate-sugarbackboneofourmodeliscompletelyregular,butanysequenceofthepairsofbasescanfitintothestructure.Itfollowsthatinalongmoleculemanydifferentpermutationsarepossible,anditthereforeseemslikelythattheprecisesequenceofbasesisthecodewhichcarriesthegeneticalinformation.Iftheactualorderofthebasesononeofthepairofchainsweregiven,onecouldwritedowntheexactorderofthebasesontheotherone,becauseofthespecificpairing.Thus,onechainis,asifwere,thecomplementoftheother,anditisthisfeaturewhichsuggestshowthedeoxyribonucleicacidmoleculemightduplicateitself.

1.Theauthorsusetheword“backbone”(underlinedin1thand5thparagraphs)toindicatethat（

）.

2.Inthesecondparagraph,whatdotheauthorsclaimtobeafeatureofbiologicalinterest?

3.Basedonthepassage,theauthors’statement“Ifapairconsistedoftwopurines,forexample,therewouldnotberoomforit”(italicized)impliesthatpair

（

）.

4.Theauthors9useofthewords“exact,”“specific,”and“complement”blackenedinthefinalparagraphfunctionsmainlyto（

）.

问题1选项

A.onlyverylongchainsofDNAcanbetakenfromanorganismwithaspinalcolumn

B.themainstructureofachaininaDNAmoleculeiscomposedofrepeatingunits

C.achaininaDNAmoleculeconsistsentirelyofphosphategroupsorofsugars.

D.nitrogenousbasesformthemainstructuralunitofDNA

问题2选项

A.DNAconsistingoftwochains.

B.Thecommonfiberaxis.

C.TheX-rayevidence.

D.ThechemicalformulaofDNA

问题3选项

A.ofpurineswouldbelargerthanthespacebetweenasugarandaphosphategroup

B.ofpurineswouldbelargerthanapairconsistingofapurineandapyrimidine

C.ofpyrimidineswouldbelargerthanapairofpurines

D.consistingofapurineandapyrimidinewouldbelargerthanapairofpyrimidine

问题4选项

A.confirmthatthenucleotidesequencesareknownformostmoleculesofDNA

B.countertheclaimthatthesequencesofbasesalongachaincanoccurinanyorder

C.supporttheclaimthatthephosphate-sugarbackboneoftheauthor’smodeliscompletelyregular

D.emphasizehowonechainofDNAmayserveastemplatetobecopiedduringDNAreplication

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

【解析】1.判断推理题。由第一段中Themoleculeisaverylongchain,thebackboneofwhichconsistsofaregularalternationofsugarandphosphategroups.DNA分子是一个非常长的链条，其支柱由糖和磷酸基有规律的交替组合构成。与第五段中Thephosphate-sugarbackboneofourmodeliscompletelyregular,butanysequenceofthepairsofbasescanfitintothestructure.我们人类的DNA分子模式的磷酸糖支柱完全是有规律的，不过成对的含氮碱基的任何排序都可以纳入该结构。可知与B选项对应。

2.细节事实题。定位到第二段中的“Thefirstfeatureofourstructurewhichisofbiologicalinterestisthatitconsistsnotofonechain,butoftwo.”在生物学研究方面我们人类DNA结构令人感兴趣的第一个特征是它由两个链条而不是一个链条组成。可知与A项对应。

3.判断推理题。从第三段中“Thebasesarejoinedtogetherinpairs,asinglebasefromonechainbeinghydrogen-bondedtoasinglebasefromtheother.Theimportantpointisthatonlycertainpairsofbaseswillfitintothestructure.Onememberofapairmustbeapurineandtheotherapyrimidineinordertobridgebetweenthetwochains.”这些碱基成对地联结在一起，一条链上的一个碱基与另一条链上的一个碱基氢键连接。重要的一点是，只有某些对碱基才能适合这个结构。一对中的一个成员必须是嘌呤，另一个是嘧啶，以架起两个链之间的沟通桥梁。可知B项“由嘌呤和嘧啶组成的比一对嘧啶大”正确。

4.推理判断题。A项“证实大多数DNA分子的核苷酸序列是已知的”；B项“反对这样一种说法，即沿着链的碱基序列可以以任何顺序出现”；C项“支持作者模型的磷酸盐-糖骨架是完全规则的这一说法”；D项“强调一条DNA链是如何在DNA复制过程中作为模板被复制的”定位到最后一段中“...itisthisfeaturewhichsuggestshowthedeoxyribonucleicacidmoleculemightduplicateitself.正是这种特征表明脱氧核糖核酸分子（DNA）可以自我复制。”可知D项正确。

6.单选题

ChlorineisamainstayinmostswimmingpoolsintheUnitedStates,andisusedtoeradicatebacteria.Abacteria-freepoolwillusuallyensurethatswimmerswon'tcontractaseriousillnessiftheyspendtimein,andpossiblyingest,thewater.Whenchlorineisaddedtopoolwater,achemicalreactionoccurswherebythechlorinebreaksdownintoalegionchemicalsthatcombinetokillbacteriathatmaybeinthewater.Thesechemicals,specificallyhypochlorousacidandhypochloriteion,eliminatebacteriabyannihilatingandthenoxidizingtheabhorrentcells.Whenthischemicalreactionoccurs,thebacteriaarerenderedessentiallyharmless.Thischemicalreactiondoesn’toccurimmediately-individualcomponentswithinchlorinetakevaryingamountsoftimetointeractwiththebacteria,creatinganalmosttime-release-typeofkillinthepoolwater.

Chlorinemustberegularlyreplenished.Astheyreact,thehypochlorousacidandhypochloriteioncombinetocreateaparticularacceptablepHlevelinthepoolwater.ApHisameasureofthealkalinityandaciditypresent;apHvalueof7representsaneutralvalue,and7.4isthepHvalueofthehumantear.ThepHratiomustberegularlymonitoredtoensureaconsistentoptimumrate-oneusuallykeptwithinthespectrumof7to8asmeasuredbyareliablepHmeasuringkit.Asthechemicalsinchlorinecompletetheirreactions,theybreakdownandarenolongereffectiveinkeepingthepoolwaterneutralized.Additionalchlorinemustbeaddedtowateratspecifictimes.Outdoorpoolsthatareindirectsunlightneedtohavewateraddedmoreoftenbecausethechemicalreactiontimeforchlorineisincreasedanditseffectivenessisreducedintheseconditions.Sincethehypochloriteionisanespeciallypotentchemicalcapableoffadingfabricsandpaint,mostpeoplearemeticulousaboutrinsingchlorinefrompotentiallyaffectedareas.Althoughchlorineisinexpensiveandwidelyavailable,somepeoplefindthebleachsmelltoberepugnantandthedistinctaromapresentatmanyswimmingpoolstobeoverwhelming.Thesepeoplemaynotbeabletoenjoyaquaticpursuitsinthosepoolsthatemploychlorineasacleansingagent.Otherpeoplemayfindthatinhalingchlorineatthehighlevelspresentaroundsomepoolsmaybedifficulttotolerate.Stillothersmayexperienceskinirritationafterswimminginapoolcontainingchlorine.Althoughthereareotherchemicalsandcompoundsavailabletocleanswimmingpools,theymaybeprohibitivelyexpensiveorincapableofkillingalltypesofbacteriapresentinthewater.

1.Accordingtothepassage,astablepHvalueinpoolwaterisdependentuponwhichofthefollowing

（

）.

2.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeisto

（

）.

3.Basedonthepassage,whichstatementisprobablyNOTtrueofchlorine?

4.TheauthorincludestheinformationaboutthepHofhumantearsmainlyto（

）.

5.AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueaboutchlorineEXCEPTthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.Ensuringthatthereisonlyaminimumamountofbacteriainthewater

B.Monitoringandaddingchlorinewhenwarranted

C.Payingcloseattentiontothereactionsofchemicalsinthepoolwater

D.Ensuringthatwaterisprotectedfromdirectsunlight

问题2选项

A.offeranunbiasedopinionofchlorine，sefficacy

B.provideanargumentforusingchlorine

C.discussthechemicalreactiontakingplacewithinapool

D.showhowchlorinecankeeppoolwatersafe

问题3选项

A.Itcanbeharmfulifswallowed.

B.Occasionalhighlevelsinpoolwaterareprobablynotharmful.

C.Itcankillmostcommontypesofpoolwaterbacteria.

D.Apool’ssizewilldictatetheamountneeded.

问题4选项

A.givethereaderabaseofreference

B.provideavisualimageforthereader

C.personalizethepassagetoenhanceinterest

D.answerthereader’santicipatedquestion

问题5选项

A.chlorine'sefficacyisaffectedbysunlight

B.chlorineismadeupoftwochemicals:hypochlorousacidandhypochlorineion

C.chlorineisusuallysaidtobemalodorous

D.chlorinelevelsmustberoutinelyassessedinpoolwater

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。定位到第二段“Chlorinemustberegularlyreplenished.氯必须定期补充”及“ThepHratiomustberegularlymonitoredtoensureaconsistentoptimumrate-oneusuallykeptwithinthespectrumof7to8asmeasuredbyareliablepHmeasuringkit.必须定期监测pH值比，以确保一致的最佳速率-通常保持在一个可靠的pH值测量试剂盒测量的7至8的光谱范围内。”可知B项“必要时监测并加氯”符合题意。

2.作者意图题。由第一段“Thesechemicals,specificallyhypochlorousacidandhypochloriteion,eliminatebacteriabyannihilatingandthenoxidizingtheabhorrentcells.Whenthischemicalreactionoccurs,thebacteriaarerenderedessentiallyharmless.这些化学物质，特别是次氯酸和次氯酸盐离子，通过消灭和氧化可恶的细胞来消灭细菌。当这种化学反应发生时，细菌基本上是无害的。”可知作者主要是想介绍氯气是如何确保泳池干净和安全的。

3.推理判断题。定位到最后一段“Otherpeoplemayfindthatinhalingchlorineatthehighlevelspresentaroundsomepoolsmaybedifficulttotolerate.Stillothersmayexperienceskinirritationafterswimminginapoolcontainingchlorine.Althoughthereareotherchemicalsandcompoundsavailabletocleanswimmingpools,theymaybeprohibitivelyexpensiveorincapableofkillingalltypesofbacteriapresentinthewater.其他人可能会发现，吸入一些泳池周围高浓度的氯可能很难忍受。还有一些人在含有氯的游泳池游泳后可能会感到皮肤刺激。虽然有其他化学物质和化合物可以用来清洁游泳池，但它们可能昂贵得令人望而却步，或者无法杀死水中存在的所有类型的细菌。”可知有些人吸入一些泳池周围高浓度的氯可能很难忍受。故B项“偶尔泳池里的氯含量高可能是无害的。”表述错误。

4.推理判断题。作者通过举例直观地解释PH值的知识，让读者有一些了解

5.细节事实题。根据对本文第二段的理解，一旦氯气在太阳光下，那么它的有效性就会降低，而第一段指出氯气中发生反应的化学元素主要是次氯酸和次氯酸离子，但这无法推理出就仅仅只有这两种物质，B项“氯由两种化学物质组成：次氯酸和低氯离子”答案过于绝对。

7.单选题

Whenmydoctortoldmetheresultsofallthetests,IwassuremyillnesswasfatalandcertainthatIwasgoingtodie.Oneofmyfirst（1）wasthatIwouldbeleaving

（2）

mesomuchthatwasunfinished.Itoldmyfriendsthatthe

（3）

onmytombstoneshouldread:“GradeofIncomplete.”That

（4）

一mylife,andIregrettedmydelaysand

（5）

.IwishedthatIhadmoretimetodoitalloveragainthe

（6）

way.ButdeepinsideIfeltsuchawishwasuseless.I

（7）

norecoursebuttospendmyremainingmonthsinagradualstateof

（8）,tooweak,toosickandtoo

（9）

inmydyingtodomuchelse,Icriedalotandfeltverysorry

（10）

myself.

Aftertheoperationtoremovethetumor,my

（11）

toldmethatIwascured.Atfirst,Ididn’t

（12）

him.Ithoughthewashumoringme,stringingme

（13）becausehewantedmetobehappyinmyfinalmonths.

（14）,though,IbegantobelievethathewastellingmethetruthandthatIdidindeedhavealife

（15）

ofme.BecauseIdidn'twantmy

（16）

simplytobecomeabadmemory,IstartedtochangethewayIranmylife.Ifinishedthephotographyprojectthatsummer.ThenIappliedfor

（17）

atmylocalcollegeinthefall.WithinayearIhadchosen

（18）.I’mstillworkingongettingthatdegree.Mostimportantofall,mychildrenandItookthat

（19）

we’dalwaystalkedabout.Wetookanotheroneinthewinter,too.AttheendoffiveyearsIrealizedthatIhadrebuiltmylife'spatterns.Andnoweachdayismorefulfillingthan

（20）

.That’ssomethingIcouldn’tsaybeforethedaythatcancerstruck.

问题1选项

A.rehabilitations

B.realizations

C.inspirations

D.experiences

问题2选项

A.behind

B.for

C.before

D.confront

问题3选项

A.description

B.prescription

C.inscription

D.inspiration

问题4选项

A.summedup

B.concluded

C.endedup

D.shortened

问题5选项

A.condition

B.excuses

C.exceeds

D.exemplar

问题6选项

A.correct

B.dorsal

C.erratic

D.right

问题7选项

A.inferred

B.imagined

C.intended

D.imitated

问题8选项

A.corrosion

B.permeation

C.intervention

D.deterioration

问题9选项

A.absorbed

B.sobbed

C.sorted

D.sophisticated

问题10选项

A.with

B.for

C.about

D.onto

问题11选项

A.physician

B.assistant

C.surgeon

D.clinician

问题12选项

A.believein

B.believe

C.entrust

D.deprive

问题13选项

A.along

B.abreast

C.alone

D.afresh

问题14选项

A.Gradually

B.Byandlarge

C.Incidentally

D.Byaccident

问题15选项

A.beforehand

B.ahead

C.forecast

D.underneath

问题16选项

A.experienceofcancer

B.brushwithdeath

C.regrets

D.hospitalization

问题17选项

A.test

B.quiz

C.examination

D.matriculation

问题18选项

A.anability

B.adiscipline

C.aprofession

D.amajor

问题19选项

A.vacation

B.leave

C.turn

D.sparetime

问题20选项

A.thelatter

B.thepast

C.yesterday

D.thelast

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

第6题:D

第7题:C

第8题:D

第9题:A

第10题:B

第11题:C

第12题:B

第13题:A

第14题:A

第15题:B

第16题:B

第17题:D

第18题:D

第19题:A

第20题:B

【解析】（1）考查名词词义辨析。rehabilitation“复原”；realization“实现；领悟”；inspiration“灵感；鼓舞”;experience“经验”。由空格后“somuchthatwasunfinished可知空格处的意思为我最初的认识之一，答案B

（2）考查介词词义辨析。behind“在······之后，”；for“为了；因为”before“在······之前”；confront“面对；遭遇”。由空格后“somuchthatwasunfinished”可知这里指“我还剩下很多事情没做完”，答案A。

（3）考查名词词义辨析。description“描述”；prescription“药方；惯例”；inscription“题词”；inspiration“灵感；鼓舞”。由空格后“onmytombstone可知C项符合语义，答案C

（4）考查动词词组及词义辨析。sumup“总结”；conclude“推断；作结论”；endup“结束；死亡”；shorten“缩短；变短”。由GradeofIncomplete可知“总结”符合语境，故A项正确。答案A

（5）动词及名词词义辨析。condition“条件；环境”；excuse“借口；理由”；exceed“v.超过；胜过”；exemplar“模范，标本”。由Iregrettedmydelays可知空格处所填单词与delay意思接近，答案B

（6）考查固定搭配。由IwishedthatIhadmoretimetodoitalloveragain可知作者有些遗憾，他希望自己有时间把之前的事情再以正确的方式做一遍，故答案D

（7）考查动词词义辨析。infer“推断；推论”；imagine“想象；臆断”；intend“打算；意指”；imitate“模仿”。由ButdeepinsideIfeltsuchawishwasuseless”与norecoursebuttospendmyremainingmonths可知作者不打算求助。故C项正确，答案C。

（8）考查名词词义辨析。corrosion“腐蚀”；permeation“渗透”；intervention“调停”；deterioration“恶化；堕落”。由上一题的分析“我不打算求助”与空格后“tooweak,toosick”可知这里作者打算在病情逐渐恶化过程中度过。答案D。

（9）考查形容词词义辨析。absorbed“专注的”；sobbed“想引人伤心的”；sorted“分类的；挑选的”；sophisticated“复杂的”。由“too...to...”及“inmydying”可知作者专注于死亡，答案A。

（10）考查固定搭配。feelsorryforoneself是固定搭配，答案B。

（11）考查名词词义辨析。physician“内科医生”；assistant“助手”；surgeon“外科医生”；clinician“临床医生”。由Aftertheoperationtoremovethetumor可知这里指代“外科医生”答案C。

（12）考查动词及词组辨析。believein“信任”；believe“相信；信任”；entrust“委托；信托”；deprive“使丧失，剥夺”。由“Ithoughthewashumoringme可知作者以为医生在迎合他，因此不相信医生。

（13）考查固定搭配。由上题可知作者以为医生在迎合他，于是认为医生在欺骗他以让他在人生的最后几个月开心点。stringalong“欺骗，哄骗”所以A项正确，答案A。

（14）考查副词及词组辨析。gradually“渐渐地”；byandlarge“大体上，总的来说”；incidentally“顺便”；byaccident“偶然；意外地”。由Ibegantobelievethathewastellingmethetruth可知A项符合语义。答案A。

（15）考查介词词义辨析。Aheadof在······面前beforehand“事先；预先”；forecast“预报；预示”；underneath“在······的下面；在······的支配下”。Ididindeedhavealife可知作者相信在他面前可能确实还有一个人生，答案B。

（16）考查名词词义辨析。由Istartedto…可知作者不想让与死亡擦肩而过成为一种不好的记忆，于是作者有了新的行动。experienceofcancer“遭受癌症的经历”；brushwithdeath险些丧命；regrets“后悔；遗憾”；hospitalization“住院治疗；医院收容”。答案B。

（17）考查近义词词义辨析。test“试验”；quiz“考查”;examination“考试；检查”；matriculation“入学考试”。由atmylocalcollege可知作者申请了当地大学的入学考试，答案D。

（18）考查名词词义辨析。anability“一种能力”；adiscipline“一个学科”；aprofession“一种职业”；amajor“一个专业”。由“I’mstillworkingongettingthatdegree可知作者想获得该专业的学位，答案D。

（19）考查名词词义辨析。vacation“休假”；leave“离开”；turn“转弯；变化”；sparetime“空闲时间”。

takevacation度假，从wetookanotheroneinthewinter,too.可知答案为A。

（20）考查词组辨析。thelatter“后者”；thepast“过去”；yesterday“昨天”；thelast“最后的”。

由Andnoweachdayismorefulfillingthan…可知作者是将现在充实的生活与过去对比。答案B。

8.单选题

Paleontologists’assumptionsabouttheequablenatureoftheclimateontheprimevalislandofPangaeaare（

）computersimulationsindicatingthattheisland’stemperaturestendedtofluctuateduringthecourseofayear.

问题1选项

A.underminedby

B.bolsteredby

C.bolsteredby

D.challengedby

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。underminedby被推翻。bolster支持，支撑。confirm确认，确定。challenge挑战。句意：古生物学家认定泛大陆早期岛屿的气候是恒定的，而计算机模拟表明岛上的温度整年都处于变化中。这结果推翻了之前的认定。根据句意可知A项符合题意。

9.单选题

Waterleisurewearsuchassailingandscubadivingarealmostascriticaltotheisland’seconomyasis（

）.

问题1选项

A.snorkeling

B.publichealth

C.privateenterprise

D.manufacturing

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。Snorkeling浮潜，潜水；publichealth公众健康；privateenterprise私人企业；manufacturing制造业。句意：水中休闲服，比如航海服和潜水服，就像制造业对岛上经济的作用一样重要。只有D项最符合题意。

10.单选题

Thequantumtheorystates（

）,aslight,isgivenoffandabsorbedindefiniteunitscalledquantaorphotons.

问题1选项

A.energythat

B.thatitisenergy

C.itisenergy

D.thatenergy

【答案】D

【解析】考查宾语从句。states是谓语，后面接一个句子做宾语。宾语从句需要一个引导词that,另外宾语从句还缺少主语，故D项正确。句意：量子理论认为，能量，比如光，是以量子或光子的基本单位来释放和吸收的。

11.单选题

Therearesomepeoplewhowilluseanykindofargument,nomatterhowillogical,solongastheycan（

）anopponent.

问题1选项

A.rebuttal

B.disputewith

C.scoreoff

D.scornwith

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组及名词词义辨析。rebuttal“反驳；反证”；disputewith“与······争论”；scoreoff“驳倒；挫败”；“scornwith轻蔑；嘲笑”。句意：只要能驳倒对手，有些人将会使用任何一种论点，不管该论点是多么不合逻辑的。只有C项符合题意。

12.单选题

Asseriousassheisaboutthebullfight,shedoesnotallowrespectto（

）hersenseofwhimsywhenpaintingit.

问题1选项

A.suppress

B.inspire

C.satisfy

D.provoke

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。suppress“抑制；废止”；inspire“激发；鼓舞”；satisfy“满足”；provoke“激怒”。句意：尽管她将斗牛视为严肃的事情，但在用绘画形式表现它时，她并没有让敬意遏制自己的奇思异想。由Asseriousassheisaboutthebullfight及notallowrespect可知“抑制”符合语境。As在句中表让步关系。

13.单选题

Blusterywindsknockedoffhatsandrattledwindows,andtheadventurousboyswere（

）.

问题1选项

A.terrified

B.delighted

C.exclamatory

D.deceitful

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。terrified恐惧的；delighted高兴的，快乐的；exclamatory叫喊的；deceitful骗人的。句意：狂风吹落了帽子，震得窗户格格作响，那些大胆的孩子们觉得好玩。由theadventurousboys“喜欢冒险的孩子”可知这些孩子喜欢这样的场景，他们很开心。

14.单选题

Soilnaturallycontainsharmlessamountsoflead,alongwithothermetals.Becauseofpollution,however,theamountsarehigherthecloseryougettocitiesandtowns.Butexpertssaythisshouldnotstopgardenersfromgrowingfoodiftheytakesafetymeasures.

DavidJohnsonisachemistryprofessorintheStateUniversityofNewYork’sCollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandForestry.Heexplainsthatleadcanenterthegroundfromleadedpaintandleadedfuelandfromindustry.

Andonceleadgetsintothesoil,itstaysalongtime.Itremainsanenvironmentalthreatespeciallytochildren.Leadcanharmmentalandphysicaldevelopmenteveninbabiesbeforetheyareborn.

Ifatestfindsthatsoilhastoomuchlead,youmightbeadvisedtoremovethesoi