2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国地质大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号25

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国地质大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.填空题

I'm（1）abirthdaypartyonFridayandIhopeyou（2）joinus.

【答案】1.having;

2.will

【解析】固定搭配。第一空需要填一个现在分词，用进行时态表示将来，故having合适。haveabirthdayparty举办生日派对。

2.填空题

IranintoWangTaoandLiSan（1）thetradefairinMunbaiinFebruary.I（2）seenthemsince2007（3）ofthemliketheirnewjobs,but（4）wantstostayinShenzhenmuchlonger.

【答案】1.at

2.Haven’t

3.Both

4.neither

【解析】1.语法题。此处应该用介词at。Atthetradefair在交易会上。

2.

语法题。此处有提示词since,所以此处表示

“自从2007年来,就没见过他们了”,因此用现在完成时的否定haven’t

done。

3.语义题。此处填both(两者都…)符合句意。

4.语义题。Neither表示“都不”。

3.单选题

WegotintoataxiwithJohntosendhimtothetrainstation,butwehadonlygoneabouthalfakilometerwhenwewereinvolvedinanaccident.

问题1选项

A.tosendhimto

B.wehadonlygone

C.when

D.wereinvolvedin

E.没有问题

【答案】A

【解析】动词误用。send改为take。send的意思为“发送；派遣”。这里指“送他去火车站”。

4.单选题

TheclerkIspokewithinsistedoverandoverthatwehadbeenchargedthenormalrateforthehotelroom,soIaskedtospeakwithhismanager.

问题1选项

A.insistedoverandover

B.hadbeencharged

C.ratefor

D.soIaskedtospeakwithhismanager

E.没有错误

【答案】E

【解析】没有错误。句意:和我说话的店员一遍又一遍坚持说,我们付的是正常价位的房钱,所以我要求和经理谈话

5.填空题

ThesedocumentsareallinChinese.Weneedto（1）themtranslated（2）Englishintime（3）themeetingwiththeforeignbusinessmen（4）Friday.

句意:这些文件都是汉语，我们需要在周五和外商开会前及时将他们翻译成英语。

【答案】1.get

2.into

3.before

4.on

【解析】1.语法题。使役动词get在这里表示“使翻译成…”。

2.固定搭配。Translate…into…将…翻译成…

3.语义题。句意:在会议开始之前。

4.语法题。考查介词。在具体的某天前用介词on。

6.填空题

Thankyoufor（1）myquestions.IhopeIhaven’ttakenuptoomuchofyour（2）

【答案】1.answering

2.time

【解析】1.语义题。句意:谢谢你回答我的问题。

2.语义题。句意:希望没有占用你太多时间。

7.单选题

ThankstosomehelpfromprofessorsattheuniversityinCanberra，theAustralianauthoritiesarelettingmetobringmybiologicalsamplesintothecountrywithouttheusualthree-week

quarantine.

问题1选项

A.Thankstosomehelpfrom

B.attheuniversityinCanberra

C.arelettingmetobring

D.three-week

E.没有问题

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。C项中去掉to。Letsb.dosth.为固定搭配。

8.单选题

WithtrafficconstantlyontheincreaseinthestreetsofBeijing,themetroisthebestwaytogetaroundthecityduringrushhours，howeverthecrowdsinthemetrotrainsarenowalsoa

problem.

问题1选项

A.getaroundthecity

B.constantlyontheincrease

C.getaroundthecity

D.hours，however

E.没有错误

【答案】D

【解析】句子连接错误。however后面加逗号。however在句子中表示"然而",表示转折时,通常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。

9.填空题

A:Areyougoingtotellyourbosstodaythatyou'requittingyour（1）?

B:Ican’tmakeupmymind（2）totellhimtodayornot.

A:I’dtellhimtodayifI（3）you.Whydelay?

B:ButwhatifI（4）mymind?

A:I（5）thatyou’dmadeafirmdecision.

B:Well,yesterdayIhadaconversationwithsomeonewho（6）

toworkforthecompanythatwantstohireme.（7）

tohim,there’sa

lotofdissatisfactionamongtheemployees.

A:Didhesaywhatthe（8）ofthedissatisfactionwas?

B:Hementionedanumberofthings.I’llstaywithmycurrentfirmifthealternativeisacompanywithmajormanagementproblems.They’reofferingmeahigher，butistheadditionalpayenoughtomakeupforabunchofnew（9）headaches?

A:Itsoundstomeasifyou'd（10）talktosome（11）currentorpastemployeesbeforeyouacceptthenewfirm’s

offer.

大意:

A.你会今天告诉老板，你要离职的事吗？

B.我不确定是否今天告诉他。

A.如果我是你，我会今天告诉他。为什么推迟呢？

B.但是，要是我改变主意了呢？

A.我觉得你己经决定了。

B.昨天，我和一个之前在想雇我的那个公司中工作过的人谈话。据他所说，员工间有很多不满。

A.他有说不满的原因是什么吗？

B.他说了很多事。如果这个公司主要是管理问题的话，我会呆在现在的公司。他们会给我提供更高的薪水，但是，这额外的工资足以弥补一连串新的麻烦吗？

A.这听起来，在接受新工作之前，好像，你最好和现在或者之前的雇员多谈谈。

【答案】1.job

2.whether

3.were

4.change

5.thought

6.used

7.According

8.cause

9.salary

10.better

11.more

【解析】1.词汇题。根据上下文推测此处填job。Quitone’sjob辞职。

2.固定搭配。Whetherornot是否。

3.语法题。考查虚拟语气。根据If以及主句中动词时态“would/shouldtell”可知,此处是if引导的虚拟语气。而且,根据today判断,这是对现在的虚拟,故填

4.词汇题。句意:但是，要是我改变主意了呢？

5.词汇题。句意:我觉得你已经做好了决定。再根据后面的you’dmade判断此处为think的过去式thought。

6.词汇题。此处为定语从句修饰someone。此处的someone指在这个公司工作或曾经工作过的人,所以此处填used，与后面的to搭配表示“曾经”。

7.固定搭配。Accordingto根据…。

8.词汇题。句意:他有说不满的原因是什么吗？

9.词汇题。根据语境推测此处填salary(工资,薪水)。

10.固定搭配。You’dbetter你最好是…。

11.词汇题。A希望B能在接受新公司邀请之前和目前或之前的员工谈谈。此句已经完整,因此应填入程度副词，故填more，即多了解情况。

10.填空题

Shecouldn'tbuythebookanywhere.（1）ofthebookstoresinBeijinghadanycopies（2）.Theyhadallbeensoldassoonastheywereputontheshelves.

【答案】1.None

2.since

【解析】1.语义题。noneof‘没有...。

2.逻辑分析。Since因为，由于。

11.填空题

Lastyearthedirectorofourcompanywasaccused（1）corruptionandarrested.Athis（2）threeseniorgovernment（3）testifiedthathehadattemptedtobribethem.Intheendhewasfoundguiltyandsentencedtofifteenyearsin（4）.

【答案】of;trial;officials;prison

【解析】句意:去年，我们公司的董事被控告贪污而被捕。在审判中，三名政府官员举证其试图贿赂他们。最终他被判有罪，判处入狱十五年。

1.固定搭配。beaccusedof被控告。

2.语义题。根据后面的testified（举证）推测此时场景为审判时,故填trail。

3.语义题。根据后面的bribe(贿赂)可以推断出贿赂的对象一般是指“政府官员”，填officials。

4.语义题。句意为:判处入狱十五年。

12.单选题

TherewasonethingthatshockedmeabouttheQueenwhenhewalkedintotheroomwithMrs.Obama,namelyherheight;theBritishmonarchisonly163cmtall,muchshorterthanIhadimagined.

问题1选项

A.shockedmeabout

B.whenhewalkedintothe

C.namely

D.hadimagined.

E.没有问题

【答案】B

【解析】人称代词误用。he改为she。句中queen（女王）指的是女性。

13.单选题

EveniffewobserverswouldclassifyChinaasatrulychild-centeredsociety,Chinesecultureundoubtedlyplacesahighvalueontheirchildren.

问题1选项

A.Eveniffew

B.wouldclassify

C.asatrulychild-centeredsociety

D.ontheirchildren

E.没有错误

【答案】D

【解析】代词误用。去掉their。句子主语为Chineseculture,根据句子结构推断their指代的是Chineseculture,显然不合适。

14.单选题

Eventhoughcultureswidelyassumethatboysarestrongerandsturdierthangirls,basicbiologicalweaknessesarebuiltintothemaleofourspecies.Firstofall,humanmalesseemtobeslowlydisappearing.MotherNaturehasalwaysacknowledgedandcompensatedforthefragilityandlossofboysbyarrangingformoreofthem:106malebirthsto100femalenewbornsoverthecourseofhumanhistory.Butinrecentdecades,fromtheUnitedStatestoJapan,fromCanadatonorthernEurope,whereverresearchershavelooked,therateofmalenewbornshasdeclined.ExaminingUSbirthrecordsfortheyearsbetween1970and1990,theyfound1.7fewerboysper1,000thanindecadesandcenturiespast;Japan'slossinthesamedecadeswas3.7boys.

Boysarealsomorethantwo-thirdsmorelikelythangirlstobebomprematurelybeforethe37thweekofpregnancy.And,despiteadvancesinpublichealth,boysinthe1990sfaceda30percenthigherchanceofdeathbytheirfirstbirthdaythangirls;incontrast,backinthe1750s,theywereonly10percentmorelikelythangirlstodiesoearlyintheirlives.

Oncetheymakeittochildhood,boysfaceotherchallenges.Theyaremorepronetoarangeofneurologicaldisorders.Autism自闭症isnotoriouslyhigheramongboysthangirls:nownearlyfivetimesmorelikely,astalliedbytheUSCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.Theyaremoresusceptiblethangirlstodamagefromverylow-levelexposuretolead.Yetanotherproblem:boyssufferfromasthmaathigherrates.There'salsoastrongerlinkbetweenairpollutionandautisminboys.

Whydoboysfacesuchaburdenofphysicalchallenges?Theansweristhatthemale’sproblemsstartinthewomb:fromhismorecomplicatedfetaldevelopment,tohisgeneticmakeup,tohowhishormoneswork.Thenine-monthtransformationfromafewcellstoaninfantisatimeofgreatvulnerability.Manychronicillnessesareseededinthewomb.Inourspecies,thefemaleisthedefaultgender,thebasicsimplermodel:Humansstartoutinthewombwithfemalefeatures(thatiswhymaleshavenipples).Thecomplicatedtransformationinthewombfromfemaletomaleexposesthemaletoajourneypackedwithspecialperils.Whenthefirstblastoftestosterone睾酮fromtheYgenecomesalongatabouttheeighthweek,theunisexbrainhastomorphintoamalebrain,killingoffsomecellsinthecommunicationcentersandgrowingmorecellsinthesexandaggressioncenters.Thesimplerfemalereproductivesystemhastoturnintothemorecomplexmalereproductivetract,developingtissuessuchasthetestisandprostate前列腺.Further,ittakesagreaternumberofcelldivisionstomakeamale;witheachcomesthegreaterriskofanerroraswellasthegreatervulnerabilitytoahitfrompollutants.

Ontopofthatchallenge,thehumanmale’sXYchromosome染色体combinationissimplymorevulnerable.ThetwoXXsinthefemaleversionofourspeciesoffersomeprotection:IndisorderswhereoneXchromosomehasageneticdefect,thefemale’shealthybackupchromosomecantakeover.ButwithhissingleXchromosome,themalelacksahealthycopyofthegenetofallbackon.TheXchromosome,whichnevershrank,isalsoalargerchromosome“withfarmoregeneticinformationthantheYchromosome，’’findsIrvaHertz-Piciotto,aUniversityofCaliforniaatDavisautismresearcher,“sotheremaybesomeinherentlossofkeyproteinsforbraindevelopmentorrepairmechanismsinboys.”Thisisacluetothehigherautismrateamongboys,sheasserts.

Femalesalsohaveastrongerimmunesystembecausetheyarepackedwithestrogen雌激素，ahormonethatcounteractstheantioxidantprocess.“Estrogenprotectsthebrain,”explainsTheodoreSlotkin,professorofneurobiologyatDukeUniversity'sSchoolofMedicine.“Itrepairsandreplaces,evenafterneuralinjury,”Lowestrogenevenleavesboysmoresensitivetoheadinjuries.Themalebrain“issimplyamorefragileapparatus,moresensitivetoalmostallbraininsults,”saysleadpoisoningexpertHerbertNeedleman.

Itisthehighlevelsoftestosteroneinthewombatcriticaltimesingestation,accordingtoBritishpsychopathologistSimonBaron-Cohen,thatareresponsibleforwhathecalls“theextrememalebrain”--thekindexhibitedbyautisticboys-lowinempathy,highinsystematizing.AndinfactUSresearchersinrecentdecadeshavefoundunusuallylowestrogenandhightestosteronelevelsamongboyswithautism.

Ifthebalanceofhormonesisoutofwhackinmales,whatmadethathappen?Researchersarecomingupwithsomeclues.IntheNewYorkCityneighborhoodsnearColumbiaUniversity'sCenterforChildren’sEnvironmentalHealth,familiesforyearsroutinelysprayedtheirapartmentswithapopularinsecticide,chlorpyrifos,untilitwasbannedfromhouseholdusein2001.TheresearchersfoundthatprenatalexposuretothechemicalseemedtohavemoreofaneffectonreducingtheIQsofboysthangirls.Disruptionoftheirmalehormonesmaybethereason,“Onepossibleexplanationforthegreatersensitivityofboystochlorpyrifosisthattheinsecticideactsasanendocrinedisruptor肉分泌'干扰素tosuppresssex-specifichormones,”saidstudyleaderMeganHortonofColumbia.

Similarly,pregnantmothers'exposuretophthalates邻苯二甲酸酉旨一usedinmakingsomevinyl乙矯基productsandtoysaswellassomepersonalcareproducts-hasbeenlinkedtobiggerchangesinthebehavior,suchasaggressionandattentionproblems,oftheirsonsthantheirdaughters.Phthalatesalsomayfeminizemalegenitalia.

BoysalsoseemtobemorevulnerabletobisphenolA,anestrogenicsubstanceusedtomakepolycarbonateplasticsaswellastheliningsoffoodandbeveragecans.Boys,butnotgirls,exposedtohigherbisphenolAlevelsinthewomborduringchildhoodhadmorehyperactivity,aggressionandanxietyproblems,accordingtoaUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeleystudy.Inaddition,pregnantwomenexposedtohigherlevelsofthechemicalgavebirthtobabyboyswithlowerthyroidhormones甲状腺激素.Nosucheffectwasdetectedinthebabygirls.Nooneknowswhattheselowerlevelsmaymeanfortheboys’healthbecausetheyremainedwithinnormalboundaries,butitcouldhaveimportanteffectsbecausethyroidhormonesguidebraindevelopment.

Someofthesechemicalsactlikefakeestrogens,otherslikefaketestosterone,butbothtypesseemtodisruptnormaldevelopment.Animaltestsshowthatadoseofthesechemicalsinflictthemostdamagewhenithitsafetus.And,becauseoftheirbiologicalvulnerabilities,itisboyswhomayexperiencethemosteffects.Whilenotforgoingthepushforfairnessandequality,itseemswisetoacceptthescientificrealityofmaleweaknesses.Thislikelywon'tmeantheendofmen,buttheirvulnerabilitytoenvironmentalcontaminantsanddiseasescouldhaveseriousramificationsforthefutureoftheentirehumanraceunlesswefindwaystoprotectthemfromharm.

1.IftextBisaccurate,thentheevidencefortheassertionthathumanmalesaregraduallydisappearingis（

）.

2.Comparedwithgirls,boysare（

）.

3.Nipplesinhumansarefoundonthe（

）.

4.Inparagraph10theauthorassertsthatchronicdiseases（

）.

5.Backupinparagraph11meanssomethingthat（

）.

6.Thelevelsofthyroidhormonesinnewbommales,mentionedinparagraph16,（

）.

7.ImaginethatenvironmentalpollutioncontinuesatcurrentorhigherlevelsinChina.IftheinformationintextBiscorrect,thenChinesedoctorsshouldexpecttoobserve（

）.

问题1选项

A.incontrovertible

B.soweakastocalltheassertionintoquestion

C.largelyfromadvancedindustrialsocietiesandneedstobesupplementedwithdatafromothertypesofsocieties

D.strongenoughtowarrantfutureresearchintothepost-masculineworldthatliesahead

问题2选项

A.aboutequallyabletosurvivetotheirfirstbirthday.

B.stilllesslikelytosurviveforayearafterbirth,butthegapisnarrowing.

C.lesslikelytosurvivetilltheirfirstbirthday,andthegapiswiderthaninearliercenturies.

D.muchlikeliertosurvivetotheirfirstbirthday,thoughthegapisnotsowideasitwasinthe1700s.

问题3选项

A.head.

B.chest.

C.hips.

D.limbs.

问题4选项

A.beginbeforebirthbutonlybecomeapparentovertime.

B.arelesscharacteristicofwomenthanofmen.

C.originate,asarule,beforechildrenarebom.

D.areoftentheeventualresultofprenatalconditionsandstresses.

问题5选项

A.canstepinandtakeoverthefunctionofsomethingthatisnotworkingproperly.

B.destroysamalfunctioningpart,thusbenefitingtheoverallsystemororganism.

C.preventsasystemfromcontinuingalongapaththatmayendinbreakdownordestruction.

D.canreverseandchangeitsdirectionwhenitencountersaproblem,thusenablingaprocesstocontinue.

问题6选项

A.arenotalarminginthemselves,butsignificantbecausetheyaresodifferentformalesandfemales.

B.willdefinitelyleadtomorebrain-damagedboysthangirls,

C.seemcertaintoproduceamarkedgapinbraindevelopmentthatwillfavorgirlsoverboys.

D.leadtomorehyperactivity,aggressionandanxietyamongmalechildrenthanamongfemales.

问题7选项

A.adeclineintheratesofautism,asthmaandbraindamagefromleadpoisoningamongChinesechildren

B.aroughlysimilarpatternofincreasingincidenceofautism,asthmaandlead-linkedbraindamageamongallmainlandchildren

C.fewercasesofasthmaamongboysgrowingupinmainlandcitiesandtownsbutmorecasesofautismandlead-linkedbraindamageamongallChinesechildren

D.moreautism,asthmaandlead-linkedbraindamageamongChineseboysgrowingupincitiesthanamongothergroupsofyoungpeopleinthePRC

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

第6题:C

第7题:D

【解析】1.推理判断题。第十七段:Thislikelywon'tmeantheendofmen(但这将不可能意味着男性的消失……)。由此可知B项“说服力不强，以致对此观点仍存怀疑”正确。

2.细节事实题。第八段:...inthe1990sfaceda30percenthigherchanceofdeathbytheirfirstbirthdaythangirls;backinthe1750s,theywereonly10percentmorelikelythangirlstodiesoearlyintheirlives(在20世纪90年代，男婴相比女婴在他们一岁生日前的死亡率高出30%,而在18世纪50年，这个比例只有10%)。由此可知C项“更不可能存活到他们的一岁生日，且相比早些的世纪，这个死亡率的差距变得更大”正确。

3.推理判断题。根据常识乳头在人的胸部，所以选择B项“胸部”。

4.细节事实题。第十段指出:Manychronicillnessesareseededinthewomb(许多慢性疾病在子宫内就产生),由此可知C项“一般说来，产生于孩子出生之前”正确。

5.词义题。根据题干定位至第十三段:IndisorderswhereoneXchromosomehasageneticdefect,thefemale'shealthybackupchromosomecantakeover(在一个X染色体有遗传缺陷的疾病中，女性健康的备用染色体可以取代)。由此可知A项“可以介入并接管无法正常工作的部分的功能”正确。

6.细节事实题。第十六段指出:Nooneknowswhattheselowerlevelsmaymeanfortheboys'healthbecausetheyremainedwithinnormalboundaries,butitcouldhaveimportanteffectsbecausethyroidhormonesguidebraindevelopment(没有人知道甲状腺激素水平低下可能会对男孩身体健康产生哪些影响，因为它们仍处在正常水平范围之内，但是它会导致重大影响，因为甲状腺激素引导大脑的发育)。由此可知C项“在大脑发育上似乎肯定会产生明显差距，而这种差距将更有助于女孩子的大脑发育”正确。

7.推理判断题。第九段:Boyssufferfromasthma哮喘athigherrates（男孩子得哮喘的机率更高）,There’salsoastrongerlinkbetweenairpollutionandautisminboys(这些与空气污染和男孩易得自闭症有很大关系)。由此可知D项“与在中国成长的其他年轻人相比，中国男孩得自闭症、哮喘与铅中毒致脑损伤的几率更高”正确。

15.填空题

Yesterdayafternoon,whileJohnandLindawerebothatwork,thieves（1）intotheirflatand（2）money,jewelryandanexpensivenewcomputer.

【答案】1.broke;

2.took

【解析】1.固定搭配。breakinto闯入。因此此处填break的过去式broke。

2.语义题。第二空也填动词的过去式,由其宾语money可知填took(带走了)。

16.填空题

A:Ihaveaballetticketforthisevening.

B:（1）

dowe!Why（2）weallgotogether?

A:That’sagood（3）.Thatwaywecansharea（4）andsaveabitofmoney.

B:When（5）wemeet?

A:Let’ssayat6:30in（6）ofBuilding5.

B:Fine.I’llseeyouthereat6:30.

【答案】1.so

2.don’t

3.idea

4.taxi

4.shall

6.front

【解析】1.语法题。考查倒装。这里表示“我们也有”。

2.语法题。考查否定疑问。这里是否定疑问句表示肯定。

3.固定搭配。Agoodidea好主意。

4.语义题。由后面的saveabitofmoney推测这里表示“我们可以一起打的”。

5.语义题。句意:我们什么时候见面？

6.固定搭配。infrontof在…前面。

17.单选题

WeareundertakingasurveytoevaluatetheextenttowhichtheeducationalsystemthatexistsinChinatodayanswerstheneedsofsociety.

问题1选项

A.areundertaking

B.theextenttowhich

C.answers

D.ofsociety

E.没有问题

【答案】E

18.单选题

AtthemomentI’mreadinganF.D.A.reportthatsummarizesthedebateontheresponsibilityofvariousagriculturalandmanufacturingcorporationsforthespreadofmercurypollutioninfoodproducts.

问题1选项

A.Atthemoment

B.anF.D.A.report

C.debateon

D.variousagriculturalandmanufacturing

E.没有错误

【答案】E

19.填空题

A:Howlonghaveyouandyourteambeen（1）onthatfinalreport?

B:（2）aweekandahalfnow.Thedeadlineforsubmissionistomorrowat5o’clock.Ifwedon’tgetitdone（3）then,we’llreallybeinhotwater!Ihaven’tsleptawink（4）thedaybeforeyesterday.

A:No（5）youlooksotiredthen!IstherethatIcandotohelp?

B:Idon’tthinkso,butthanksforoffering.

A:Well,I（6）youluck!

【答案】working;For;by;since;wonder;anything;wish

【解析】句意:

——你和你的团队在完成最后那一篇报告上花了多久时间？

——到现在有一个半星期了。上交的截止日期是明天五点。如果我们在那时间

点还没完成的话，我们就会有麻烦了。从前天开始我就没合过眼了。

——难怪你看起来很疲惫。我可以帮你做点什么吗？

——我认为不用。但是谢谢你的好意。

——好，祝你好运！

1.固定搭配。workon致力于，继续工作，因为后面是finalreport，说明之前还做了其它工作，因此这里应该是取“继续工作”之意。

2.语义题。此处的aweekandahalf是一个时间段,因此用for。

3.语义题。此处表示“截至”那个时间点会有什么样的后果,因此填by。

4.固定搭配。nowonder难怪。

5.常用语。”IsthereanythingIcandotohelp?(有什么可以帮到你吗)”是常用的交际用语。

6.常用语。Iwishyouluck祝你好运。

20.填空题

Thefirequicklyspreadthroughthehotel,butfortunatelytherewereonlya

（1）guestsandtheyallmanagedto（2）.

【答案】1.few

2.escape

【解析】1.语义题。afew后面接可数名词，表示“少量，几个”

2.语义题。句意:他们都成功逃脱了。

21.填空题

Chongqing（1）tobepartofSichuan,butitwas（2）fromtheprovincein1997andmade（3）self-governingmunicipality.Thenewpoliticalunithasapopulation（4）about33millionpeople,butonly7.5millionofthemliveintheurbanarea.The（5）ofthemliveinthenearbydistrictsthatarepartofthemunicipality.

【答案】1.used

2.separated

3.a

4.of

5.rest

【解析】1.固定搭配。usedtobe曾经是。

2.固定搭配。beseparatedfrom与……分离

3.语法分析。此处填不定冠词a,表示“一个”。

4.语义题。Hasapopulationof后面接具体人数表示“有…人”。

5.语义题。Rest其余的。

22.填空题

Anewgraduatestudent（1）ourresearchgroupyesterday.（2）enough,hehasthesamename（3）ourprofessor.（4）ofthemare

namedMichaelWilson.ProfessorWilsonisonly39,andwe’realwayscalledhim“Mike”.To（5）confusion,we’vedecidedtocallthenewmemberofourresearchgroup“Michael”，（6）thoughitdoessoundabitformalespeciallywhenweuseanicknametoaddresstheprofessorwho（7）ourgroup.

大意:昨天，一个新毕业生加入了我们的研究团队。奇怪的是，他和我们的教授同名，他们两个都叫迈克•威尔逊。威尔逊教授只有39岁，所以我们经常叫他“Mike”。为了避免混乱，我们还是决定叫新成员为“Michael”一一尽管这听起来有些正式，尤其是当我们用昵称称呼领导我们团队的教授时候。

【答案】1.joined

2.Funny

3.as

4.Both

5.avoid

6.even

7.leads

【解析】1.词汇题。句意:昨天，一个新毕业生加入了我们的研究团队。

2.词汇题。后文说:新来的成员和教授同名,可推断前文应为“有趣的是”。所以此处填入形容词funny。

3.固定搭配。Thesameas与…一样。

4.固定搭配。BothofAandB两者都…。

5.词汇题。句意:为了避免混乱，我们还是决定叫新成员为“Michael”。

6.逻辑分析。句意:尽管这听起来有些正式,而且空格后为though，因此此处填even表示让步。

7.词汇题。这里是who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词theprofessor，所以空格处的动词应与宾语ourgroup搭配，而且定语从句中主语为theprofessor,因此填leads。

23.填空题

Earthquakesarenaturalshakingswithintheearth’scrust.Theyshowthatcrustalmovementsarestilltaking（1）onourplanettoday,（2）ontheMoon,whichappearstohavenosuchactivity.Seismometersenablegeologiststo（3）theintensityofquakes.MuchofChinaisseismicallyactive,withthemost（4）recentearthquakehavingoccurredin2008,inSichuan（5）.

【答案】place;unlike,measure;serious:province

【解析】句意:地震是地球地壳内的正常震动。他们发现地壳运动在我们今天的星球上仍在发生，不像月球上，貌似没有这样的运动。测振仪能够使地质学家测量震动的强度。中国大部分地区地质活跃，最近最严重（破坏力最大）的一次地震发生在2008年的四川。

1.固定搭配。takeplace发生。

2.语义题。句意:不像月球上，貌似没有这样的运动。故填unlike。

3.语义题。根据前面的seismometers(测振仪)推测此处填measure(测量)。

4.语义题。句意:中国大部分地区地质活跃，最近最严重的一次地震发生在2008年的四川。故填serious。

5.语义题。根据Sichuan推测此处填province。

24.填空题

YouandIdon’tneedanyoneelse’sassistance.Wecansolvetheseproblemsby（

）.

句意:我和你都不需要其它任何人的帮助。我们靠我们自己可以解决问题。

【答案】ourselves

【解析】固定搭配。byourselves依靠自己独立完成。

25.填空题

Inmyoffice（1）deskisbythewindowandthereis（2）largebookshelfalongthewall.Twoyearsagoanair（3）wasinstalledintheoffice,sonowIcanworktherecomfortablyevenonsummerafternoons.Ihaveadesktop（4）intheoffice,butlatelyithasn’tbeenveryreliable;asa（5）,Iusuallybringmylaptopwithme.

大意:在我办公室，靠窗边有把椅子，沿墙靠着一个大书架。两年前，办公室装了一台空调，所以，现在即使是夏天的午后，我也可以舒服地工作。办公室有台台式电脑，但是，后来它并不可靠。结果，我经常带手提电脑来办公室。

【答案】1.the

2.a

3.conditioner

4.computer

5.result

【解析】1.语法题——定冠词。这里的desk特指办公室靠窗的椅子,因此填定冠词the。

2.语法题——不定冠词。此处为thereis,而且空格处修饰名词的单数bookshelf，因此空格处填不定冠词a。

3.词汇题。根据后面的sonowIcanworktherecomfortablyevenonsummerafternoons以及空前的air推测此处填conditioner。Airconditioner空调。

4.语义题。后文中出现了laptop(手提电脑),据此推测空格处填computer。Desktopcomputer桌面电脑。

5.固定搭配。Asaresult因此/结果。

26.单选题

ThepanelofdistinguishedscientistsgatheredinCambridgetodiscusstheevidencesinsupportofDr.Thistlethwaite’srevolutionaryhypothesis.

问题1选项

A.Thepanelofdistinguishedscientists

B.inCambridge

C.discusstheevidencesin

D.supportof

E.没有问题

【答案】C

【解析】语法题。名词的单复数。evidences改为evidence。evidence:表示证据，只能用单数。

27.单选题

Thewoman,69yearsoldandstillactiveasaprofessoratHarvardUniversity,toldaresearchteamthatshehadbeguntofindithardtorecallthenamesofeverfacultymembers.Notlongagoshehadforgottenherclassroomnumberwhenaskingforaslideprojectortobesentup.Shehadoneanxiousquestionfortheresearchteam,assembledtostudythenormalcourseofmentalaging:“AmIlosingmyabilitytoremember,andperhapseventothinkclearly?”

Thatquestionistheprincipalfocusofanewwaveofscientificinquiryonthedeclineinmentalabilitywithage.Thefindingsarechallengingsomebasicassumptions,likethebeliefthatsuchdeclineisanaturalpartoftheagingprocess,irrespectiveofgeneralhealth.

From20to30percentofpeopleintheir80swhovolunteerforcognitivetestingperformaswellasvolunteersintheir30sand40s,whoarepresumablyintheirmentalprime.Theintellectualandcreativeproductivityinlaterlifeofcertainartistsandintellectualsmayrepresentnotsomuchanexceptionasanideal,someexpertsnowsay.

DrKWSchaie,apsychologistatPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,isthedirectorofamajorstudyofnormalmentaldeclineintheelderly.Forover35years,hisstudyhasbeenfollowingmorethan5000menandwomenwhohavebeentestedregularly.DrSchaie’sinvestigationsseektofillagapingerontologicalresearch,which,accordingtoDrJackRowe,presidentoftheMountSinaiSchoolofMedicineandaleadingexpertinthefield,hasfocusedondiseaseanddisability,andneglectedtheprospectsofmaintaininghighfunctioninginoldage.DrRoweheadsaresearchnetworkonsuccessfulagingsponsoredbytheMacArthurFoundation.Inaninterviewhepointedoutthatgerontologistshavefocusedon‘"the6to15percentoftheelderlywhoarefrailandthenlumpedeveryoneelsetogetherasnormal.Butthereisahugevariationfrompersontopersonamongolderpeople:theolderagroupgets,thelesslikeeachotherpeopleinitbecome.”

DrSchaie’smostrecentfindingswerereportedthismonthinTheAmericanPsychologist.Althoughthestudy’sresultsshowabilitiesbegintodeclinegraduallyinthemiddletolate60sandaccelerateinthelate70s.Therateofdeclinediffersforvariousmentalfacultiesanddiffersinmenandwomen.Thesharpestdeclinesareseeninbasicmathematics.Bytheirlate80s,bothmenandwomenwereonlyabouthalfasadeptinbasicmathastheyhadbeenintheir50s.Formen,theleastdeclineshownisinspatialorientation,forexample,inreadingamapcorrectly.Bythelate80s,ithaddroppedbyonlyaboutone-eighthonaverage.

Forwomen,themostenduringmentalskillisinductivereasoning,assessingtheinformationinatimetable,forinstance.Aswomenreachedtheirlate80s,ithaddroppedjustoverone-eighthfromitsheightinmiddleage.Oneofthedrasticdeclinesforwomenprovedtobeinverbalcomprehension,whilethatabilitydroppedrelativelylittleintothe70s,itplummetedbyaboutone-quarterduringthe80s.Formen,thedeclinewasslightinthoseyears.

Anotherstudy,thisonebyDrRichardMons,apsychologistatMountSinaiMedicalSchoolwhoistheactingdirectorofaresearchconsortiumonnormalmemorylossandagingsponsoredbytheCharlesA.DanaFoundation,hasfoundthatdifferentkindsofmemorydifferintheirvulnerabilitytoaging.“Crystallized”memory,ie,vocabularyorotherknowledgeaccumulatedovertheyearsholdsupverywellintooldage.“Fluid”memory,ontheotherhand,theabilitytoaddnewinformationtomemoryortorecallsomethingthathappenedrecentlyismorepronetodecline,beginninginthe60s.Hefoundlittledeclineinveryshort-termmemory,likerememberingatelephonenumberjustlookedup.

ApairofHarvardpsychologists,DouglasPowellandKeanWhitla,havedesignedacomputerizedtestofmentalskillslikelong-termandshort-termmemory,attention,reasoningandcalculation;theyreportedthetestintheFebruaryissueofCurrentDirectionsinPsychologicalScience.Theyaretheresearcherswhomthe69-year-oldprofessorspokewith.Theirtestcomparesaperson’sscorewithnormsforothersofthesameage,forpeoplewhoarestillinmiddleageandforothersi