高三牛津模块九 Unit2 重点单词和短语学案

5/55/55/5一、重要词汇〔单词+词组〕词汇-1.【教材原句】Whilethepaceofchangeinthemodernworldgetsfasterandfaster,peoplearebecomingmoreandmoreawareoftheneedtopreservetheworld’sheritage.〔P17〕翻译：随着当今世界开展变化的步伐日益加快,人们也愈来愈意识到保护世界遗产的必要性。〔1〕thepaceofchange〔社会〕变化的步伐短语：与……保持同步；跟上……的步伐keeppacewith跟上社会变化的步伐是很困难的。Itisverydifficulttokeepupwiththerapidpaceofchange.〔2〕beaware在此作“意识到〞讲,后可接of短语或that从句。他根本没有意识到眼前的危险。Hewasn’tawareoftheimmediatedanger.词形变化：awarenessn.认识；意识；知道重要的是学生逐渐懂得如何使用互联网。ItisimportantthatstudentsdevelopanawarenessofhowtheInternetcanbeused.词汇-2.【教材原句】NoonehashadagreaterinfluenceonWesterncivilizationthantheancientGreeks.翻译：在对西方文明的影响方面,没有人能够和古希腊人相比。【句法解析】句中短语haveaninfluenceon表示“对……产生影响〞,相当于haveanimpacton.通货膨胀毫无疑问会对我们每个人的生活产生重大影响。Theinflationwillsurelyhaveagreatinfluenceoneveryone’slife.词汇-3.【教材原句】TheRomanalphabetisaGreekinvention,asisthemarathon,alongdistanceracecreatedinhonorofaGreeksoldierwhoranfromMarathontoAthenstoreportthevictoryattheBattleofMarathonin490BC.〔1〕短语：为向……表示敬意；为纪念……inhonorof/inone’shonor他们在山顶上建造了一座纪念碑,以纪念那位著名的民族英雄。Theybuiltamonumentontopofthehillinhonorofthefamousnationalhero.【拓展】以名誉担保；用人格担保onone’shonor做某事使某人感到特别荣幸；赏光dosb.thehonorofdoingsth.你能赏光和我一块吃饭吗？Wouldyoudomethehonorofdiningwithme?【即时稳固3】Aceremonywasheldthosekilledintheexplosion.A.inhonorofB.byhonorofC.onhonorofD.withhonorof〔2〕asisthemarathon是一个非限制性定语从句,as是关系代词。“as+be或do+主语〞结构,表示“……也是一样〞。如：这部电影很乏味,其音乐也是如此。Thefilmissoboring,asisitsmusic.词汇-4.【教材原句】Inparticular,weassociateancientGreekcivilizationwiththecapitalcityofAthens,thegreatestsymbolofwhichistheAcropolis.翻译：我们尤其把古希腊文明与其首都雅典城相联系,而雅典最伟大的标志就是雅典卫城。短语：把……与……相联系；联想associate…with…她总是一闻到烘烤食物的味道,就想起了童年。Shealwaysassociatesthesmellofbakingwithherchildhood.词汇-5..【教材原句】In1458,theTurksdefeatedtheGreeksandseizedcontrolofAthens.翻译：1458年土耳其人打败了希腊人并夺取了雅典。【例句解析】分析句中划线局部的含义。〔1〕Bydefeatinghispoliticalopponentsonebyone,heseizedcontroloftheparliamentatlast.〔2〕Therehasbeensomeviolenceafterthematch,butthepolicearenowincontrolofthesituation.〔3〕Thecitywasunderthecontrolofenemyforces.〔4〕TheDemocratswillprobablylosecontrolofCongress.〔5〕Thechildrenarecompletelyoutofcontrolsincetheirfatherleft.〔6〕Ittooktwohourstobringthefireundercontrol.【自主归纳】〔1〕seize/takecontrolof掌控；获取……的控制权〔2〕incontrolof掌管；管理；控制〔3〕underthecontrolof在……控制下〔4〕losecontrolof失去对……控制〔5〕outofcontrol失控〔6〕bring/get…undercontrol控制住；抑制住【即时稳固5】Nowallthebranchcompaniestheboardoftheunitedgroup.A.areallincontrolofB.seizecontrolofC.areunderthecontrolofD.takethecontrolof词汇-6.【教材原句】Theyarestillshownthereunderthetitleof‘ElginMarbles’.【例句】WorksbymanyfamousartistsfromChinawillbeonshowinthegalleryunderthetitleof‘TheCentury’sMasterpieces’.被冠名为“世纪之作〞短语：underthetitleof…词汇-7.【教材原句】Thelastmajordamageofthiskindoccurredwiththetheftofmanyofthebestsculpturesin1801…〔1〕Whendidtheaccidentoccur?发生〔2〕Manythingsoccurredduringtheabsenceofthemanager.发生〔3〕Itoccurredtomethatwemightspendourholidaysinanothercity.我突然想起〔4〕Anideasuddenlyoccurredtome.我突然想到了【自主归纳】occur词性为词义为句型：Itoccurs/occurredtosb.词汇-8.【教材原句】TheAcropolisisnodifferent.〔1〕Mysonisterriblyuntidy;mydaughterisnodifferent.也不比他强〔2〕Thesuggestionyouputforwardisofnogreatimportance.根本不重要〔3〕Iamfeelingnoworsethanyesterday.一点也不比昨天差【自主归纳】nodifferent=thesameno(adv.)意为“不是〞,修饰形容词,表示程度,相当于notatall.no+形容词/副词的比拟级,意为“并不…….些〞词汇-9.smooth【教材原句】ThebuildingsoftheAcropolisweremadeofmarble,averysmooth,strongstone.【例句】〔1〕Theinstructionsaysthelotioncanmakeyourskinsoftandsmooth.柔嫩而光滑〔2〕Shesmoothedthisdresswithahotiron.使光滑,使平坦,使平整〔3〕Wewillsmoothawaythesedifficulties.克服这些困难【解析】smooth可作〔词性〕,意为可作〔词性〕,意为短语：smoothaway意为〔消除问题,克服困难〕词汇-10.defeat【教材原句】In1458,theTurksdefeatedtheGreeksandseizedcontrolofAthens.【例句】Mr.SmithdefeatedMr.Browninthelastmayoralelectionbyanarrowmargin.史密斯先生在上届市长竞选中以微弱差额击败了布朗先生。【词义辨析】defeat,beat与windefeat和beat都可以表示在比赛或竞争中“击败,打败,战胜〞对手,而defeat还可以表示在战争中“击败〞敌人,请注意此时defeat与beat都是及物动词,二者的宾语都是表示人的名词或代词；如：Wedefeated/beattheotherteam/thembytenpoints.我们以10分的优势赢了另外一个队/他们。win既可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词,表示“在……中获胜；获得〞；作及物动词时,它后面常接表示战斗、辩论、比赛、选举、奖品、奖金等的名词作宾语；当win后面接表示人的名词或代词作宾语时,win意为“说服,争取〞；如：Jimbeat/defeatedTombyayardandwonattherace.吉姆以一码之胜击败了汤姆,赢得了那场比赛。短语：winsb.around/over,常用于口语中,表示“把某人争取过来,赢得某人的支持〞。IhavetriedeverymeanstowinJackaround/over.我已经试过用各种方法把杰克争取过来。词汇-11.【教材原句】HeevensponsoredanEnglishsettlementinAmericain1585.【例句】〔1〕SurelyyoucantellUSthenameofthesponsorofthecampaign?这场运动的发起人〔2〕Thissingingcompetitionattractedmanysponsors.赞助商〔3〕Whohassponsoredthecarnivalisstillunknown.主办了这次狂欢节〔4〕TheTVprogrammewassponsoredbyatobaccocompany.由一家烟草公司赞助的【自主归纳】sponsor词性：词义：主办人,发起人；赞助商词性：词义：发起,主办；赞助词汇-12.【教材原句】In1603,Raleighwaschargedwiththecrimeofbetrayinghiscountry,andsentencedtodeath.【例句】〔1〕Hewaschargedwith/accusedofmurderbutfoundinnocentlater.〔2〕Thoseconvictedofmurderarenolongersentencedtodeathinthatcountry.【自主归纳】短语：bechargedwith…=beaccusedof被指控…,被控告…sentencesb.todeath.,其中to为词。词汇-13.【教材原句】ItisapparentthattheQingTombsareinfluencedbytheMingTombs,especiallyintermsofarchitectureandthewaytheyareplacedamongthesurroundingmountainsandvalleys.短语：intermsof意为“在……方面,就……而言,谈及……〞,如：Itwasabadyearforfilms,intermsofbothquantityandquality.无论从数量上还是质量上看,那一年对于电影来说都不是个好年景。二、重点句型梳理〔含重点语法〕14.【教材原句】TheRomanalphabetisaGreekinvention,asisthemarathon,alongdistanceracecreatedinhonorofaGreeksoldierwhoranfromMarathontoAthenstoreportthevictoryattheBattleofMarathonin490BC.【句法分析】asistheMarathon是一个倒装的从句,as在此为关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句；who引导的是限制性定语从句,修饰前面的aGreeksoldier.【例句】TheUSisoneoffoundingmembersoftheUN,isChina.美国是联合国的创始国之一,中国也是。Theearthisaplanetmovingaroundthesun,areMarsandJupiter.地球是围绕太阳旋转的行星,火星和木星也是。15.【教材原句】Itusedtohousea13-metre-highgold-coveredstatueofAthenaastheGoddessofVictory.【句法分析】usedtodo客观地表示过去的习惯或态度,强调过去和现在的比照,含有“过去那样,现在不是了〞。【例句】Heeverydayinsummerwhenhewasyoung.他年轻的时候在夏天常游泳。Iateacher,butnowIamadriver.过去我是教师,但现在我是司机。【拓展】use…as…意为“把……用作……〞Itapalace,butnowasaprison.它曾被用作宫殿,现在被用作监狱。译出以下短语1.对……有影响2.在某方面取得进步3.尤其,特别4.将……和……联系起来5.夺去对……的控制权6.为……做准备7.根据,以……为根底8.目的是……9.在……领域10.比……优越,超过……11.生产,孕育12.起诉某人犯……罪13.被指控犯有……罪14.给……让出地方15.代表某人16.对公众开放17.被某人认为是……18.除了；远离19.此外,另外20.在……方面,从……方面说21.在……的名下22.对……仁慈23.做出……的姿态24.判处死刑25.追溯到26.在……保护下27.焦点,活动中心28.增加29.按时完成30.对……不忠Keys:1.haveaninfluenceon/