Unit3 现在完成时的被动语态 课件【知识建构+备课精研】人教版高中英语必修第二册

Unit3TheInternetDiscoveringUsefulStructures现在完成时的被动语态Afterlearningthisclass,you’reableto...1.LearntheformofPresentperfectpassivevoice.2.knowhowtousePresentperfectpassivevoice.3.Knowhowtomakesmallconversitionswithwhatyoulearned.present(now)futurepast

PresentPerfectTense

现在完成时WhatisPresentperfecttense?主语+have/has+V-过去分词(done)助动词,无意义现在完成时的结构Winter

has

already

come(came,come)，willitstillbefarinspring?注：主语若是第三人称单数助动词用has肯定式：S+have/has+V-过去分词(done)否定式：S+have/has+not+V-过去分词...一般疑问句：Have/Has+S+V-过去分词...特殊疑问句：疑问词+have/has+S+V-过去分词...Readthepairsofsentences.Underlineandcomparethedifferentverbforms.Activity1TalkaboutsomethingthathasbeendoneJan’slifehasbeengreatlyimprovedbytheInternet.MuchhasbeenwrittenaboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.TheInternethasgreatlyimprovedJan’slife.PeoplehavewrittenmuchaboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.Howdoweformthepresentperfectpassivevoice?Fillintheblank.have/hasbeen+v-edChangethesentencesintothepresentperfectpassivevoice.

Activity21

Ihavedownloadedthesoftwaretohelpmyphonebatterylastlonger.→2

Someonehaslostanidentitycard.→3

HaveyouconfirmedtheWi-Fipassword?→4

Haveyoupressedthebuttonyettocopythefile?→5

Hasanyonemadeacommentabouttheonlinedatabase?→EXAMPLEThey’vebuiltakindofnewPCwithmorefunctions.→AkindofnewPChasbeenbuiltwithmorefunctions.Thesoftwarehasbeendownloadedtohelpmyphonebatterylastlonger.Anidentitycardhasbeenlost.HastheWi-Fipasswordbeenconfirmed?Hasthebuttonbeenpressedyettocopythefile?Hasa/anycommentbeenmadeabouttheonlinedatabase?Readthepoem.Thenthinkofyourownsituationandwriteasimilarpoem.Activity3LookatthewaythepicturehasbeenpaintedListentothewaythesonghasbeenwrittenLookatthewaythefilmhasbeenmadeNowthinkaboutwhatyoucouldcreate.Lookatthewaytheneedy（贫困的人）havebeenhelpedLookatthewaytheriverhasbeencleanedLookatthewaythetreehasbeenplantedNowthinkhowtomaketheworldabetterplace.提示：该诗歌中几乎每句都有“has/havebeen+过去分词”，构成现在完成时的被动语态Activity41

A:Whycan'tIaccessmyaccount?

B:________yourpersonalinformation______________（update)?2Bothlearningsites_________________（visit)byover10,000peoplesincelastyear.3Thiskeyboard_________________（notuse)foralongtime.4Canyoutellmewhat_____________（do)tobridgethedigitaldivide?5InthepastyearI___________________（inspire)tobuye-booksinsteadofpaperbooks.6

A:WherecanIreadthosecomments?

B:Online.They_________________（post)already.7Itseemsthatmorehealthproblems___________________（cause)bymobilephones.8Thatapp___________________（delete)frommysmartphonealready.Completethesentenceswiththepresentperfectpassivevoiceofthegivenverbs.Hasbeenupdated

havebeenvisited

hasnotbeenusedhasbeendone

havebeeninspired

havebeenpostedhavebeencaused

hasbeendeletedActivity5Findandcorrectthemistakeineachsentence.EXAMPLEThisappwasusedseveraltimessinceIdownloadedit.1Howmuchmoneyhasspentontheearthquakerecovery?2Thegirlisreallyupsetbecausehernewbicyclehasstolen.3Theseoldhouseshavebeenbuiltinthe18thcentury.4It'sapitythattheletterhasneversenttohisfather.5Littlehadbeenseenofthemsincetheymovedintothehousedownthestreet.——hasbeen————hasbeenspent————hasbeenstolen——————werebuilt——————hasneverbeensent——hasEXAMPLEE-libraryonSchoolWebsite—forStudents→Ane-libraryforstudentshasbeensetupontheschoolwebsite.1Boy'sVideoStreamedoverTwoMillionTimes25RecordsBrokenToday3IntelligentSearchEngineDesignedforTeenagers4TheftofLargeAmountofCashfromSmallBank5STUDENTS:30%DiscountonSmartphones6GovernmentDoneMuchtoStopCyberbulliesReadthenewspaperheadlines.Changethemintocompletesentencesastheexample.Activity6Aboy’svideohasbeenstreamedovertwomilliontimes.Fiverecordshavebeenbrokentoday.Anintelligentsearchenginehasbeendesignedforteenagers.Alargeamountofcashhasbeenstolenfromasmallbank.A30%discounthasbeenoffered/givenonsmartphonestostudents.Muchhasbeendonebythegovernmenttostopcyberbullies.NoticetoparentsDearParents,Wehopeyouwillwelcomethisnews.Almost100computers_______________（give)tousbyalocalcomputercompanysincetheendoflastyear.Adecision______________（make)tobeginacomputerteachingexperimentatourschool.Ourplan

__________________（support)withtechnicalequipmentandadvicewhich____________________（provide)bytheCityInformationTechnologyCentre.Everyteacher__________________（provide)withalaptopsincethebeginningofthisterm.Morerecently,mostofourcourses________________（teach)usingcomputers.We_________（help)inourteachingbyalotofinformationfromtheInternet.Also,anewcomputerroom________________(setup)inourschool.Wehopeyouwillbehappywiththisexcitingnewdevelopmentinourschool.Completethenoticewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Activity7(WORKBOOKP75EX.4)havebeengivenhasbeenmadehasbeensupportedhasbeenprovidedhasbeenprovidedhavebeentaughthavebeenhelpedhasbeensetup现在完成时的被动语态1构成肯定式：have/has+beendone否定式：have/hasnot+beendone一般疑问式：Have/Has+主语+beendone?特殊疑问式：疑问词+have/has（+主语）+beendone?Alotoffactorieshavebeensetupsincelastyear.自从去年以来，已经建立了许多工厂。Ican’tseeanycoffeeinthiscupboard.Hasitallbeenfinished?我看不见这碗柜里有咖啡。都喝完了吗？2用法（1）表示一个被动的动作在说话之前已完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already，yet，just，never，recently等副词连用。Igotcaughtintherainandmysuithasbeenruined.我被雨淋了，衣服全毁了。Hisbrotherhasbeenfiredbythecompanyrecently.他弟弟最近被公司解雇了。（2）表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，常与for或since引出的时间状语连用，或用于howlong引出的句子中。Agreatmanymachineshavealreadybeenproducedbythefactorysincethetechnologicalrevolution.自从技术革命以来，这家工厂已经生产了许多机器。（3）用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来已完成的被动动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。Shewillleaveforthecinemaassoonastheapplicationformhasbeencompleted.申请表一填好，她就去看电影。

【学法点拨】常与现在完成时连用的时间状语：already已经 yet已经recently/lately最近 sincethen从那时起eversince自那以来 ever曾经sofar迄今为止 foralongtime很长一段时间bynow到现在为止 inrecentyears在最近几年里in/during/overthepast/lastfewyears在过去的几年里TheirnewcarshavebeenadvertisedontheInternetforalongtime.他们的新车在网上做广告已经很长时间了。3注意事项（1）与一般过去时的被动语态的区别

动作发生的时间对现在有无影响一般过去时的被动语态过去无现在完成时的被动语态过去有（2）borrow，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等非延续性动词的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，需要改变动词或时态。这本书借了一周了。Thebookhasbeenborrowedforaweek.（×）Thebookhasbeenkeptforaweek.（√）这个工程已经开始多久了？Howlonghasthisprojectbeenstarted?（×）Howlongagowasthisprojectstarted?（√）

【学法点拨】非延续性动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有持续性，因而可与since或for引出的时间状语连用。（3）带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make，sing，write，sell，buy，lend，offer，hand，pass，get等，变为被动语态时，一般是把指人的间接宾语变为主语。如果将直接宾语变为被动句的主语，间接宾语前要加to或for。Wehavebeentoldthetimeofthelecture.我们已被告知讲座的时间。Thetrafficruleshavebeentaughttohimmanytimes，buthestillignoredthem.交通规则已经教过他很多次了，但他仍然无视。（4）带有复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变主语，原来的宾语补足语保持不动。主动语态中不带to的不定式作宾补，在被动语态中要加to。Theworkershavebeenmadetoworkawholedaywithoutstop.工人们被迫不停地干了一整天。（5）短语动词变为被动语态时，要注意保持短语动词的完整性，不可漏掉动词后面原有的介词或副词。此类短语动词有：①动词+介词referto，lookafter，callon，relyon，lookfor，lookat，listento，dreamof，meetwith，laughat，resultin，waitfor，dealwith，operateonThesecaseshavebeenreferredtointheexpert’sreport.专家的报告中提到了这些案例。②动词+名词+介词payattentionto，makeuseof，takepartin，keepaneyeon，makefunof，catchsightof，takeanoteof，takecareofThepoorboyhasbeenmadefunofinthepublicformanytimes.这个可怜的男孩在公共场合被取笑了很多次。③动词+副词turnon，turnoff，carryon，carryout，thinkover，makeup，setup，putdown，handin，pointout，callupSeveralspecializedhospitalshavebeensetuptohelpcurethepatientsoftheterribledisease.已经建立了几家专科医院来帮助治疗这种可怕疾病的病人。Ⅰ.单句语法填空(1)Theirnewhouse

（decorate）fortwomonthsandtheywillsettleinitinthenearfuture.(2)Hundredsofexcellentathletes

（select）frommillionsofpeoplealloverthecountryinthepasttwomonths.(3)Anewlibraryandagyminourschool

（set）upsofarandtheywillbeputintouseverysoon.(4)Greatchanges

（take）placeinmyhometownandalotoffactories_____________

（set）upinthepasttenyears.(5)Everypossiblemeans

（try）tosavethewoundedsoldieruptonow.(6)Howmanysuggestions

（give）toyousofar?(7)Allthepreparationsforthetask

（make），andwe’rereadytostart.(8)Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilms

（produce）allovertheworld.(9)Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreement

(reach)sofarbythetwosides.(10)Wecan’tgoonwiththeexperimentbecausethecomputer

（notrepair）.

hasbeendecoratedhavebeenselectedhavebeensethavetaken

havebeensethasbeentriedhavebeengivenhavebeenmadehavebeenproducedhasbeenreachedhasn’tbeenrepairedⅡ.将下列句子改为被动语态（1）Theyhavejustconnectedtheprintertothecomputer.

________________________________________________________（2）Wehaveplantedmanytreesonthehillinthelastfiveyears.

______________________________________________________________（3）Tomhasn’tsoldoutallthemagazines.

________________________________________________________

（4）Haveyoufoundwaystomakewastewaterclean?

________________________________________________________

（5）Shehasalreadyreturnedthisbooktothelibrary.________________________________________________________

Theprinterhasjustbeenconnectedtothecomputer（bythem）.Manytreeshavebeenplantedonthehillinthelastfiveyears（byus）.Allthemagazineshavenotbeensoldout（byTom）.Havewaysbeenfoundtomakewastewaterclean（byyou）?Thisbookhasalreadybeenreturnedtothelibrary（byher）.(6)Hehassentmeane-mail.→___________________________________

→___________________________________

(7)Wehaveseenhimlieontheground.→___________________________________

(8)Janehasreferredtothebook.→___________________________________

(9)