2018-2019学年高二下学期英语期末考试试卷-1

2018-2019学年高二下学期英语期末考试试卷一、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)1.阅读理解GovernorsBallOneofthegreatestsummerconcertsinNewYorkCityisGovernor'sBall,whichtakesplaceinearlyJuneatRandall'sIslandPark.SomeofthemanyartistsplayingincludeTool,Phoenix,Lorde,Flume,andtheWu-TangClan.Date:June2-4,2019Location:NewYorkCity,NewYork,USAMusicType:Rock,hip-hop,popPrice:$105-$305RecommendedplacestostayinNewYorkCity:·Super8LongIslandCityLGAHotel·CourtyardNewYorkManhattan/UpperEastSidePrimaveraSoundTokickoffthesummer,there'snobetterplacetobethanBarcelona.Ontheconcertlineup,you'llfindbandslikeTheZombies,ArcadeFire,andBonIver.Thentakesometimetosoakupthelocalfoodwine,andculture.Date:May31-June4,2019Location:Barcelona,SpainMusicType:Indie,rock,hip-hopPrice:80€-300€(around$86-$323)RecommendedplacestostayinBarcelona:·Hotel1898·HotelBarcelonaUniversalBonnarooBonnarooisanotherepicsummereventthatdrawsincrowdsofaround60,000eachyear.Someofthemosticonicmusiclegendswillbeplayingthisyear,includingU2,RedHotChiliPeppers,TheWeekend,andChancetheRapper.Date:June8-11,2019Location:Manchester.TennesseeUSAMusicType:Rock,hip-hopPrice:$210.50-$554RecommendedplacestostayinManchester:·CountryInn&SuitesManchester·TheAmbassadorInn&Luxury1.（1）OnwhichofthedayscanyouenjoyRock,hip-hopinGovernor'sBall?A.June1,2019.B.June3,2019.C.June5,2019.D.June7.2019.2.（2）TowitnessArcadeFireplaying,whichofthefollowingistherecommendedplacetostay?A.CourtyardNewYorkManhattan.B.Randall'sIslandPark.C.HotelBarcelonaUniversal.D.TheAmbassadorInn&Luxury.3.（3）Whatdothethreeeventshaveincommon?A.Theytakeplaceatthesametime.B.Theyinvitethesameperformers.C.Theyprovidevisitorswithfood.D.Theyhavesomesimilarmusicstyle.2.阅读理解IreceivedaprivatemessageonFacebook.Itbeganharmlesslyenough:"Hey,girl.Wantedtoinviteyoutojoinmynextchallengegroup—we'llbefocusingonfittingin30minutesofexerciseandbalancednutrition."Itwasallbecomingtoomuch.Facebookwasrunningmylife,notme.ButwhatkilledFacebookformewaswhenIpostedaphoto,andfiveminuteslatermysonaskedmehowmany"likes"ithadgot.Hisquestionwasawake-upcall."Likes"aresignsofacceptanceandapproval.Ihadforgottenthatacceptanceandapprovalneedtocomefromwithinandhadunknowinglysethimabadexample.BeforeFacebook,surfingtheinternetwasanoccasionaldistractionandIspentalotmoretimereadingbooksandmagazines.Icheckedinwithfriendsthroughtexts,emailsandphonecalls.Torecreatethesimplicityofthosedaysandsetahealthierexampletomyson,IdeactivatedmyFacebookaccount.I'dbeeninthehabitofcheckingFacebookmanytimesaday,soIhadtocomeupwithsomenewhabits.Icarriedanovelandacrosswordpuzzlebookaroundwithme.Irediscoveredknitting.Istartedtakingyogaclasses.Istartedtorememberafewthings.Mybodyisfinejustthewayitis.IhavefriendswhowillhelpmeoutwhenI'mintrouble,andIwillhelpthemout.Idomybesttobeagoodmother,andoursonishappyandhealthy.Weareveryluckytobeabletoaffordtwovacationsayear.Istoppedlookingattheworldthroughmycellphone.Ifeltcompletelypresentinthemoment.Thebreakleftmefeelingbetteraboutmyself,myfamily,myhomeandmylife.Afterafewweeks,IreturnedtoFacebook.NowIlookatthephotosofmyfriends'kidsgrowingupandtreasurehowsocialmediaallowsmetokeepintouchwithfamilyfarandwide.Ilookinonadailybasis,butnolongerwiththedesireconstantlytopostupdates.Itisnotanaddictionanymore.1.（1）Whatwastheauthor'slifelikebeforeherbreakfromFacebook?A.Sheenjoyedreadinginherfreetime.B.Shespentmuchtimeonsocialmedia.C.Shedidn'tgetalongwellwithherson.D.Shedidn'tcarewhatothersthoughtofher.2.（2）Theunderlinedword"deactivate"inParagraph6isclosestinmeaningto"________".A.closeB.updateC.keepD.check3.（3）Whatdidtheauthordotochangeherlife?A.Shewenttothegymasoftenasshecould.B.Shedevelopedsomehealthyhabits.C.Shetriedtomakemoneyforherholidays.D.Shetraveledaroundalotforayear.4.（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsocialmedia?A.Critical.B.Supportive.C.Objective.D.Indifferent.3.阅读理解Recently,WhitewaterMiddleSchoolstudentsintheUSlookedat200pounds(90.7kg)offood.Theirclassmatesthrewitawayafteramealinthecafeteria.Theyfoundtheremainsofpizzas.Theysawuntouchedgreensaladsandpiecesofbreadbittenonlyonce.Itwas,theysaid,bothdisgustingandeducational."Youdon'trealizehowmuchfoodwasteyou'remakingtillyouseeit,"saidstudentCodyGist.Todealwiththisproblem,Whitewateraddedenvironmentalscienceasaschool-wideprogramthisyear.Teachersareguidingtheirstudentsthroughresearchonthewaysfoodislinkedtoenvironment,poverty,andpeople'shealth.Theschoolchangedtocompostable(可用作堆肥的)papertrays(托盘)aswell.WorkingwithEveryTrayCounts,aUSnonprofitgroup,theschoolhopesforachangefromdisposable(一次性的)traystocompostablepapertrays.Thisisn'tjustanexerciseatschool.Whitewaterisjoininganetworkofschools,businessandneighborhoods.Theytrytomakecompostingasmainstreamasrecycling."Thelargerissueisprotectionoflandfillspace,"saidLauretteHall,anenvironmentalmanagementofficial.Theareahasenoughspacetolastformaybe25moreyears,shesaid"Thatisn'tasmuchasitsoundsinsucharapidlygrowingarea."PrincipalBethThompsonsaidstudentsadviseeachotheronnewwaystodealwithtrash."Studentsunderstandwhyitmatterssonotonestudentrefusedtodoextraworkwhenthrowingawaytheirwaste,"Thompsonsaid.Whitewaterteachersmakesurestudentsknowhowtheirowneatinghabitsarepartofbiggerproblems.Inenvironmentalliteratureclass,studentsreadbookssuchasFastFoodNation:TheDarkSideoftheAll-AmericanMeal.MollieLymanworkswithseverallanguageartsclassrooms.Theirclassesdiscusssuchissuesashowpoorneighborhoodsoftenhavelessaccesstohealthyfood.Lymansaysshewantsstudentstoasksomebasicquestions:"Whatdoweeat?Whatdowewaste?"1.（1）WhydidWhitewaterMiddleSchoolstudentslookatthefood?A.Toseehowfoodwasconnectedwithotherproblems.B.Tofindoutthecaloriesofdifferentkindsoffood.C.Tocheckwhatfoodsweremostpopularamongstudents.D.Topreparestudentsfortheenvironmentalsciencecourse.2.（2）WhatmeasuresdidWhitewaterMiddleSchooltake?①Introducinganewcourseabouttheenvironment.②Usingcompostablepapertraysinthecafeteria.③SettingupagroupcalledEveryTrayCounts.④Joiningotherstomakecompostingcommon.A.①②③B.②③④C.①②④D.①③④3.（3）WhatdidLauretteHallworryabout?A.Peopledon'twanttoprotectlandfillspace.B.Therewon'tbeenoughlandfillspaceinthefuture.C.Studentsdon'tknowhowtorecycletrash.D.Studentsdon'tunderstandthewasteproblem.4.（4）Whatisthepurposeofthearticle?A.Totellreadershowimportantitistosavefood.B.Tocallonstudentstocareaboutpoorpeople.C.ToencourageschoolstohaveenvironmentalprotectionclassesD.TosharehowaUSschoolismakinganeffortfortheenvironment.4.阅读理解Haveyoueverheardsomeonesay,"youtotallylooklikeyou'reaJessica"orsomethingsimilar?Peopleseemtothinkthattheyknowwhatkindofpersona"Jessica"ora"Michael"lookslike.Whyisthis?AccordingtoastudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,humanstendtoassociatepeople'snameswiththeirappearance,andcanevenguesssomeone'snamebasedonhowtheylook.ResearchersattheHebrewUniversityofJerusalem,Israel,collectedthousandsofphotosofpeople'sfaces.Theylabeledeachphotowithfournames.Then,theyaskedvolunteerstoguesswhichofthefournameswascorrect.Thevolunteerswereabletoguesstherightname38percentofthetime.Itseemsthatcertaincharacteristicsoffacesgivethemcluesaboutsomeone'snameReader'sDigestreported.However,thisonlyworkedwhenthevolunteerslookedatnamesfromtheirownculture.Inaddition,thevolunteerswerenotasgoodatguessingtherealnamesofpeoplewhousednicknamesmoreoftenthantheirrealnames.Thismayshowthataperson'sappearanceisaffectedbytheirnameonlyiftheyuseitoften.Thiskindofface-namematchinghappens"becauseofaprocessofself-fulfillingprophecy(自我实现预言),aswebecomewhatotherpeopleexpectustobecome."RuthMayofromtheuniversitytoldsciencenewswebsiteEurekAlert.Earlierstudieshaveshownthatgenderandracestereotypes(刻板印象)canaffectaperson'sappearance.Theresearchersbelievetherearealsosimilarstereotypesaboutnames.Forexample,peopletendtothinkthatmennamedBobshouldhaverounderfacesbecausetheworditselflooksround.PeoplemaythinkthatwomennamedRosearebeautiful.Theyexpectthemtobe"delicate"and"feminine(女性的)",justliketheflowertheyarenamedfor.1.（1）Whatwasthepurposeofthestudy?A.Tofindouttoday'smostpopularEnglishnames.B.Tolearnhownamesinfluencepersonality.C.Tofindoutwhethernamesrelatetotheirlooks.D.Toshowhowmen'snamesaredifferentfromwomen's.2.（2）Whatcanweinferfromthestudy?A.Volunteersfounditeasiertoguessnicknamescorrectly.B.Namesmayhavedifferentassociationsindifferentcultures.C.Volunteerscouldguessthecharacteristicsofthosepeople.D.Thepeopleinthephotosandvolunteerswerefromthesamecountry.3.（3）AccordingtoRuthMayo,whydosomepeoplelookliketheirnames?A.Theytendtobecomewhatothersexpectthemtobecome.B.Theywanttopleaseeveryonearoundthem.C.Theydon'twanttobedifferentfromothers.D.Theyliketocopyfamouspeoplewhosharethesamename.4.（4）Whatpointdoesthelastparagraphwanttoexplain?A.Earlierstudiesaboutstereotypesarelimited.B.Stereotypesaboutnamescanbringgoodresults.C.Stereotypesaboutnamescanaffectpeople'slooks.D.It'snotalwaysbadtobeinfluencedbytheexpectationsofothers.二、任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)5.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。Flyingtoanothercountrycansometimestakeseveraldays.Butthedesignerofafuturisticjet(喷气式飞机)sayshisplanecouldtakeyouaroundtheworldinyourlunchbreak.AccordingtoanarticleinTheSun,theplane,calledtheAntipode,couldcarry10peopleanduserocketboosterstogo12kmhigh.________OritcouldflyfromNewYorktoShanghaiin24minutes.AnordinaryBoeing747hasatopspeedof917km/h.ThefastestplaneintheworldrightnowisAirForceOne.ItcarriesthepresidentoftheUnitedStatesandcanreach1,092km/h.________CanadiandesignerCharlesBombardiersayshisplanecouldbe10timesfasterthantheConcorde,whichcouldflyat2,180km/h.TheConcordewastheworld'sfastestpassengerplanebetween1976and2003.ButtheConcordewasverynoisyanditsnosegotdangerouslyhotwhenitflew.AConcordecrashedin2000,killing114people.________________ItstopstheplanefromoverheatingandhavingthesameproblemsthattheConcordedid.Newtechnology,recentlytestedbyNASA,makestheAntipodetheperfectshapeandweighttoflyfastandsafely."It'salwayssomethingthatpeoplewouldlikeatransportationsystemthatcouldtakeyoufromoneplaceontheplanettotheotherside,"Mr.BombardiertoldtheBBC.________Thedesignisjustaconceptandwillneedmoreresearchbeforeitbecomesareality.A.NoConcordeswereflownagainafter2003.B.Therearehugedifferencesbetweenhigh-speedplanes.C.ButtheAntipodewouldprobablyreachacrazy25,750km/h!D.Don'ttrytobuyaticketfortheplaneyet,though.E.ThenitcouldflyfromLondontoNewYorkinlessthan20minutes.F.Thesuperfastplanecouldonlycarrytenpassengers.G.TheAntipode'sdesignincludesaspecialnose.三、完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)6.阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从41-60各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Sometimesyourbiggestweaknesscanbecomeyourbiggeststrength.Take,forexample,the1ofone10-year-oldboywhodecidedtostudyjudo(柔道),althoughhehadlosthisleft2inacaraccident.Theboybegan3withanoldjudoteacher.Theboywasdoingwell,buthecouldn'tunderstandwhy,afterthree4,theteacherhadtaughthimonlyonemove."Teacher,"theboy5said,"Shouldn'tIbelearningmoremoves?""Thisistheonlymoveyou'llever6toknow,"theteacherreplied.Theboydidn'tquite7,buthebelievedinhisteacherandkept8.Severalmoremonthslater,theteachertooktheboytohisfirsttournament.Theboyeasily9hisfirsttwomatches.Thethirdmatchwasalittle10,butaftersometimeheusedhisonemovetowinthematch.Still11byhissuccess,theboywasnowinthefinals.Thistime,hisopponentwasbigger,12,andmoreexperienced.Forawhile,theboyappearedtobe13.Thereferee(裁判)wasworriedthattheboymightget14.Hewasabouttostopthematchwhentheboy'steachersaid,"No,lethim15."Soonafterthematchstartedagain,hisopponentmadeabig16:Hedroppedhisguard.Theboyquicklyusedhismovetopin(压住)him.Theboyhadwonthematchandthetournament.Hewasthe17.Onthewayhome,theboyaskedhisteacher:"Teacher,howcouldIwinthetournament18onlyonemove?""Youwonfortwo19,"theteacheranswered."First,you've20oneofthemostdifficultthrowsinallofjudo.Andsecond,theonlydefenseforthatmoveisforyouropponenttograbyourleftarm."（1）A.problemB.newsC.storyD.progress（2）A.armB.legC.eyeD.ear（3）A.discussionsB.lessonsC.meetingsD.fights（4）A.monthsB.yearsC.weeksD.days（5）A.suddenlyB.slowlyC.jokinglyD.finally（6）A.wantB.needC.expectD.remember（7）A.believeB.argueC.understandD.agree（8）A.trainingB.strugglingC.thinkingD.testing（9）A.watchedB.wonC.experiencedD.lost（10）A.importantB.meaningfulC.difficultD.hopeful（11）A.movedB.influencedC.tiredD.amazed（12）A.olderB.youngerC.smarterD.stronger（13）A.cryingB.losingC.regrettingD.laughing（14）A.hurtB.disappointedC.annoyedD.frightened（15）A.startB.stopC.continueD.leave（16）A.decisionB.mistakeC.changeD.difference（17）A.championB.leaderC.teacherD.loser（18）A.inB.forC.alongD.with（19）A.pointsB.reasonsC.keysD.excuses（20）A.challengedB.taughtC.learnedD.seen四、语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)7.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。AmajorfireonMonday,April15,2019,begantoburnatFrance'sworld-famousNote-DamedePariscathedral(巴黎圣母院).Flamescouldbeseen________(rise)throughthetopofthemonument,________tall,narrowspire(尖塔)latercollapsed.Thecathedral________(date)backtothe12thcentury.FrenchwriterVictorHugouseditasthesettingofhisfamousstory,TheHunchbackofNotre-Dame.Itisoneoftheworld's________(famous)touristsites,whichreceivesabout12million________(visit)eachyear.ThemayorofParis,AnneHidalgowroteonTwitterM