考研考博-英语-大连翻译职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-大连翻译职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Recently,JapaneseimportsofmanufacturedgoodsfromChinahavesurgedandthereputationofChineseproductshasimprovedsubstantially,givingrisetoconcernthatChinawillsoonreplaceJapanasthe"factoryoftheworld".AnobjectiveevaluationofChina'sindustrialstrength,however,suggeststhatthereisstillalongwaytogobeforeitwillbecomeatrulyadvancedindustrialcountryonparwithJapan.

Firstofall,thehighproportionoflabor-intensiveproductsinChina'sexportsmeansthatitstradestructureistypicalofanewlyindustrializingeconomy(NIE).

Thisisdifferentfromthatofdevelopedcountries,wherethemajorexportitems,suchasmachinery,aretechnology-intensive.AlthoughChinaisincreasingitsshareoftheglobalmarketformanufacturedgoods,includingsomeinformation-technology(IT)productsthatareclassifiedashigh-tech,Chineseexportsarestillhighlyconcentratedinlower-endproducts.Intheeaseoftelevisions,forinstance,Japanspecializesinhigh-definitionandotherhigher-endmodels,whileChinaproducesstandardmodelswhoseunitvaluesaremuchlower.

ReflectingChinasemphasisonprocessingtrade,goods"madeinChina"containlargenumbersofoverseascomponents,someofwhicharemadeinJapan.AccordingtoofficialChinesestatistics,increasingexportsbyUSS1millionrequiresimportingintermediategoodsandcomponentsworth$500,000,whichdonotformpartofChina'sgrossdomesticproduct(GDP).Moreover,theproportionofthisimportedcontentishigherforhigh-techthanforlow-techproducts.Acomputerlabeled"madeinChina"islikelytocontainalargeportionofimportedcontentsincludinganIntelcentralprocessingunit(CPU),MicrosoftWindowsoperatingsystem,andaliquidcrystaldisplaymadeinJapanorSouthKorea.

Inaddition,approximatelyhalfofChina'sexportsareproducedbysubsidiariesofforeigncompanies,towhichdividends,interestcharges,royaltiesandotherfeesmustbepaid.EvenamongChinesecompanieswithnocapitalrelationswithoverseascompanies,themajorityoftheirexportsareprocessedunderOEM(originalequipmentmanufacturing)contractsandsoldwithforeignbrandnames.Thusonlyaverysmallpercentageofthevalue-addedofproductslabeled"madeinChina"isactually"madebyChina".ThelattercorrespondstotheconceptofChina'sgrossnationalproduct(GNP),andexcludesimportchargesonintermediategoodsandinvestmentincomepaidtooverseascountries.

Chinaissoheavilydependentonforeignpartnersthatithasyettodevelopitsownedge-cuttingtechnologyandinternationallyrecognizedbrandnames.Ontopofthis;Chinesecompaniesareinferiortotheiroverseascounterpartsinvirtuallyeveryaspect,beitcapital,humanresources,orbusinessmanagement.Asaresult,Chinahasnooptionbuttolooktocheaplaborforitsexportcompetitiveness.Indeed,themajorityofChinascontributiontothevalue-addedofitsexportslieswiththecostoflabor,andtheverylowwagesinChina,averaginglessthan$100amonth,implythatthiscontributionmustbeverysmall.Assuch,thecommonassumptionthatChinesegoodsarecompetitivebecausethecountry'swagelevelsarelowholdstrueonlyforlabor-intensiveproductsanddoesnotnecessarilyapplytoindustryasawhole.Instead,China'slowwagesshouldbeinterpretedasareflectionofthefactthatitslaborproductivityispoor.ItiswhenChina'swagelevelsapproachthoseofJapan,reflectingariseinproductivity,whichChinawillreallybecomeaformidablecompetitorforJapan.

1.Whydoestheauthorsay"thereisstillalongwaytogobeforeitwillbecomeatrulyadvancedindustrialcountryonparwithJapan"?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,what'sthedifferencebetweenproductslabeled"madeinChina"andthoselabeled"madebyChina'?

3.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutthecompetitivenessofJapan'sproducts?

4.Theword“subsidiaries”inParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

问题1选项

A.China'stradestructureisstilllaggingbehindthatofdevelopedcountries.

B.China'sexportgoodsarenotascompetitiveasJapan's.

C.WithoutforeignhelpandadvancedtechnologyChinacannotproducemostofitsproducts.

D.Chinaisstillfacedwiththeproblemsofbackwardtradestructure,low-techandlabor-intensiveproducts.

问题2选项

A.Productslabeled"madeinChina"arehigh-techproductswhilethelatterarenot.

B.WhetherChinaisthemanufactureroftheoriginalpartofproductsandsellsthoseproductswithChinesebrandnames.

C.WhetherChinesecompaniesaresubsidiariesofforeigncompanies.

D.WhetherChinesecompaniesaredependentonforeignpartners.

问题3选项

A.Japandoesn'texportlower-endproducts.

B.Japanisthe'factoryoftheworld".

C.Japan'smajorexportitemsarehigh-techproductsandcompetitiveinbusinessmanagement.

D.Japandoesn'tputstressonprocessinggoods.

问题4选项

A.furnishingaids

B.asumofmoney

C.assistants

D.affiliates

问题5选项

A.Chinaisn'taDevelopedCountry.

B.So-called'MadeinChina'Label.

C.JapanWon'tFear'MadeinChina'Label.

D.ChinaWillReplaceJapanastheFactoryofWorld.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段和第三段，“Firstofall,thehighproportionoflabor-intensiveproductsinChina'sexports…Chineseexportsarestillhighlyconcentratedinlower-endproducts.”，可知二三段总结了中国工业发展的问题，包括劳动密集型产品占比重过高，中国出口仍高度集中于低端产品。可推断出中国仍然面临贸易结构落后、科技含量低、劳动密集型产品等问题。选项D符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第四段，“ReflectingChinasemphasisonprocessingtrade,goods"madeinChina"containlargenumbersofoverseascomponents,someofwhicharemadeinJapan.”，可知“中国制造”的商品含有大量海外零部件，其中一些是日本制造的，这反映出中国对加工贸易的重视。根据文章第四段，“Thusonlyaverysmallpercentageofthevalue-addedofproductslabeled"madeinChina"isactually"madebyChina".”，可知产品的研发不在中国。可推断出中国制造和中国创造的区别在于中国是否是原装产品的生产商，并销售那些有中国品牌的产品。选项B符合题意。

3.推断题。根据文章第三段，“Japanspecializesinhigh-definitionandotherhigher-endmodels,whileChinaproducesstandardmodelswhoseunitvaluesaremuchlower.”，可知日本生产高清和高端机型。根据文章第六段，“Chinaissoheavilydependentonforeignpartnersthatithasyettodevelopitsownedge-cuttingtechnologyandinternationallyrecognizedbrandnames.”，可知中国严重依赖外国合作伙伴，以至于尚未开发出自己的尖端技术和国际知名品牌。可推断出日本的主要出口产品是高科技产品，在企业管理方面具有竞争优势。选项C符合题意。

4.词义理解题。根据文章第五段，“…approximatelyhalfofChina'sexportsareproducedbysubsidiariesofforeigncompanies,towhichdividends,interestcharges,royaltiesandotherfeesmustbepaid.”，可知中国大约一半的出口产品是由外国公司的子公司生产的，必须向这些子公司支付股息、利息、特许权使用费和其他费用。可知subsidiaries意思为子公司。选项D符合题意。

5.主旨题。文章第一段提出中国很快取代日本成为“世界工厂”的观点，接下里讨论了中国工业发展过程中面临的问题，最终得出结论中国成为高端科技的工业国还需要更多的时间和努力，所以目前中国可能还不是日本的竞争对手和威胁因素。可推断出日本无惧“中国制造”是符合整个文章意思的。选项C符合题意。

2.单选题

ThesculpturallegacythatnewUnitedStates______itscolonialpredecessorswasfarfromarichone,andinfact,in1776sculpturesasanartformwasstillinthehandsofartisansandcraftspeople.

问题1选项

A.inheritedfrom

B.inheritedin

C.adaptedto

D.adoptedto

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项inheritedfrom“从……继承……”；B选项inheritedin非固定搭配；C选项adaptedto“适应于”；D选项adoptedto“采用”。句意：新美洲从其殖民前辈那里______的雕塑遗产远不是丰富的，事实上，在1776年，雕塑作为一种艺术形式仍然在工匠和手艺人手中。根据语境，A选项inheritedfrom“从……继承……”搭配legacy“遗产”比较合理，意指从先辈那里继承的雕塑艺术遗产，符合题意。因此A选项正确。

3.单选题

Thisweektentopdesignerswill（

）theirautumncollectionsatthefashionfair.

问题1选项

A.enhance

B.lubricate

C.hustle

D.unveil

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。enhance提高，增加；lubricate加润滑油，使润滑；hustle推搡，硬挤；unveil揭去…的面罩。句意：这周十位顶级设计师将在时尚展上揭开她们秋季作品的面纱。D项符合句意，答案D

4.单选题

Ⅲ.TheCopyrightActof1976isthegoverningfederalcopyrightlawintheUnitedStates.Pursuanttosection102，copyrightprotectionsubsistsuponsatisfactionofthreeconditions:first,aworkmustbean“originalworkofauthorship”;second,theworkmustbe“fixedinanytangiblemediumofexpression”;andthird,theworkmustcomewithinthesubjectmatterofcopyright.Sportstelecastsareoriginalworksofauthorship.Tobeoriginal,aworkmustbeindependentlycreated(asopposedtocopiedfromotherworks)andpossessatleast“someminimaldegreeofcreativity”.Itisobviousthatlivesportstelecastsareindependentcreations,ratherthanreproductionsofearlierworks.Thecreativityelementisjustaseasilysatisfied.Courtslonghaverecognizedthatphotographingandfilminginvolvescreativeendeavors.Inthecontextoffilmingsports,thedecisions“concerningcameraangles,typesofshots,theuseofinstantreplaysandsplitscreens,andshotselectionsimilarlysupplythecreativityrequiredforthecopyrightabilityofthetelecasts”.Sportstelecastsarefixedinatangiblemediumofexpression.Additionally,itisofnoconsequencethattheselivesportstelecastsarefixedsimultaneouswithitstransmission.Section101expresslyprovidesthat“aworkconsistingofsounds,images,orboth,thatarebeingtransmitted,is‘fixed’…ifafixationoftheworkisbeingmadesimultaneouslywithitstransmission”.Sincethetelecastsofthegamesarevideotapedatthesametimethattheyaredisseminated,thetelecastsarefixedintangibleform.

Sportstelecastsarewithinthesubjectmatterofcopyrightasan“audiovisualwork”.TheCopyrightActnotesseveraltypesofsubjectmatterthatiscopyrightable,ofwhich“audiovisualworks”isoneofthecategories.Tobesatisfiedasanaudiovisualwork,theworkinquestionmustconsistofaseriesofrelatedimagesshownbytheuseofmachinesordeviceswithaccompanyingsounds.Fromthisdefinition,thereisnodoubtthatsportstelecastsarewithinthesubjectmatterofcopyright.Sinceitisclearlyestablishedthatsportstelecasts,eventhosetransmittedonalivebasis,arecopyrightedworks,thenextissueisownershipofthecopyright.

ThisissuewasfirstaddressedinPittsburghAthleticCo.v.KQVBroadcastingCo.,albeitadecisionundertheoldcopyrightregime.InasuitforaninjunctionagainstKQVBroadcastingforinterferingwithGeneralMills’exclusivecontracttobroadcastPiratesgamesovertheradio,thecourtruledthatthebaseballteamhadapropertyrighttocontrolthenewsofgamesbybroadcasting.

1.Sportstelecastsareoriginalworksofauthorshipbecause___.

2.SportstelecastsarefixedintangibleformNOTbecause___.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrectaccordingtotheparagraphs?

4.Themostsuitabletitlefortheseparagraphsis___.

问题1选项

A.theypossessatleast“someminimaldegreeofcreativity”

B.theyarereproductionsofearlierworks

C.thecreativityelementiseasilysatisfied

D.thedecisionoffilmingsportsconcernsmanyelements

问题2选项

A.telecastsofthegamesarevideotapedatthesametimethattheyaredisseminated

B.Itisofnoconsequencethatlivesportstelecastsarefixedsimultaneouswithitstransmission

C.Courtshaverecognizedthatphotographingandfilminginvolvescreativeendeavors

D.Section101oftheCopyrightActexpresslyprovidesso

问题3选项

A.TheCopyrightActof1976isthegoverningfederalcopyrightlawintheUS.

B.Oneofthethreeconditionsforcopyrightprotectionisfixation.

C.Telecastsofthegamesarevideotapedatthesametimethattheyaredisseminated.

D.Sportstelecasts,iftransmittedonalivebasis,arenotcopyrightedworks.

问题4选项

A.CasesInvolvingSportsTelecastsProtection

B.CopyrightabilityofSportsTelecasts

C.ConditionsforCopyrightProtection

D.SportsTelecastsarenotCopyrightable

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。根据题干定位到第一段Sportstelecastsareoriginalworksofauthorship.Tobeoriginal,aworkmustbeindependentlycreated(asopposedtocopiedfromotherworks)andpossessatleast“someminimaldegreeofcreativity”.Itisobviousthatlivesportstelecastsareindependentcreations,ratherthanreproductionsofearlierworks.（体育电视节目是原创作品。原创作品必须是独立创作的（而不是从其他作品中复制），并且至少拥有“最低程度的创造力”。很明显，体育直播节目是独立的创作，而不是对早期作品的复制）可知选A选项“他们至少拥有‘最低程度的创造力’”，同时可知B选项“他们是早期作品的复制品”错误；第一段Thecreativityelementisjustaseasilysatisfied.（创造性元素同样很容易得到满足）可知C选项“创意元素很容易得到满足”有在原文提及，但并不是体育电视节目是原创作品的原因，不符合题意；D选项“拍摄体育运动的决定涉及到很多因素”不符合原文。因此A选项正确。

2.事实细节题。根据题干定位到第一段Additionally,itisofnoconsequencethattheselivesportstelecastsarefixedsimultaneouswithitstransmission.Section101expresslyprovidesthat“aworkconsistingofsounds,images,orboth,thatarebeingtransmitted,is‘fixed’…ifafixationoftheworkisbeingmadesimultaneouslywithitstransmission”.Sincethetelecastsofthegamesarevideotapedatthesametimethattheyaredisseminated,thetelecastsarefixedintangibleform.（此外，这些直播的体育节目与它的传输同步是固定的，这是无关紧要的。第101节明确规定，“被传送的由声音、图像或两者组成的作品，是‘固定的’……如果对该作品的固定与它的传送同时进行”。由于比赛的转播是在传播的同时录下的，所以转播以有形的形式固定下来）可知A选项“奥运会的转播是在传播的同时录制的”，B选项“体育实况转播与转播同时固定是没有关系的”以及D选项“版权法第101节明确规定”均是体育节目是固定的有形形式的原因；C选项“法院已经承认摄影和拍摄涉及创造性的努力”在第一段有提及Courtslonghaverecognizedthatphotographingandfilminginvolvescreativeendeavors.（法院早就认识到摄影和拍摄涉及创造性的努力），但并不是体育节目是固定的有形形式的原因。因此C选项符合题意。

3.事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文第二段最后一句Sinceitisclearlyestablishedthatsportstelecasts,eventhosetransmittedonalivebasis,arecopyrightedworks,thenextissueisownershipofthecopyright.（既然体育节目，即使是现场转播的节目，都是受版权保护的，那么下一个问题就是版权的归属问题）可知D选项“体育节目，如果是现场转播，则不属于版权作品”和原文相悖；第一段第一句TheCopyrightActof1976isthegoverningfederalcopyrightlawintheUnitedStates.（1976年的版权法是美国适用的联邦版权法）可知A选项“1976年的版权法是美国适用的联邦版权法”原文有提及；第一段second,theworkmustbe“fixedinanytangiblemediumofexpression”（第二，作品必须“固定在任何有形的表达媒介中”）可知B选项“版权保护的三个条件之一是固定”原文有提及；第一段最后一句Sincethetelecastsofthegamesarevideotapedatthesametimethattheyaredisseminated,thetelecastsarefixedintangibleform.（由于比赛的转播是在传播的同时录下的，所以转播以有形的形式固定下来）可知C选项“比赛的转播是在传播的同时录下来的”原文有提及。因此D选项符合题意。

4.推理判断题。本文围绕着体育节目以及版权能力展开，选B选项“体育节目版权能力”；A选项“涉及体育节目保护的案件”以及C选项“版权保护条件”都是文章片面内容，不足以概括整篇文章，排除；根据原文Sinceitisclearlyestablishedthatsportstelecasts,eventhosetransmittedonalivebasis,arecopyrightedworks,thenextissueisownershipofthecopyright.（既然体育节目，即使是现场转播的节目，都是受版权保护的，那么下一个问题就是版权的归属问题）可知D选项“体育节目不受版权保护”明显错误，排除。因此B选项正确。

5.单选题

Onhearingthenews,IwentuptoDale’sroom,removedthehamsterfromitscageand,paying（）attentiontohergrief,proceededtoswingitaroundbyitstailtomakesureitreallywasdead.

问题1选项

A.scarce

B.bare

C.insufficient

D.scant

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项scarce“缺乏的，不足的”，强调罕见，稀有；B选项bare“空的，赤裸的”；C选项insufficient“缺乏能力的”；D选项scant“缺乏的，不足的”，强调的是减少，限制。句意：听到这个消息后，我前往黛尔的房间，把那只仓鼠从笼子里拿出来，毫不在意她的悲伤，接着提着它的尾巴甩来甩去，看看它是不是真的死了。句中指的是对黛尔的悲伤视而不见，所以选项D更恰当。

6.单选题

It’shardtomemorizethroughbruteforcethegroceriesweneedtobuy.

问题1选项

A.rude

B.skillful

C.emphasized

D.abnormal

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。brute在句中是“蛮力，强力”，A选项rude“粗鲁的”；B选项skillful“有技巧的”；C选项emphasized“强调的”；D选项abnormal“反常的”。句意：通过蛮力很难记住我们需要买的杂货。根据句意A项正确。

7.单选题

Thescentsoftheflowerswas______tousbythebreeze.

问题1选项

A.intercepted

B.detested

C.saturated

D.wafted

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.intercepted拦截；中途阻止B.detested厌恶，憎恨

C.saturated渗透；饱和D.wafted飘过，飘荡；吹拂

【答案】D

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】由breeze（微风）可知，Thescentsoftheflowers（花的香味）是被风吹过来的，因此D项词义最符合句意。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句子意思。

【句意】微风向我们吹来了花香。

8.单选题

Ingeneral,matterswhichlieentirelywithinstatebordersarethe（）concernofstategov-ernments.

问题1选项

A.extinct

B.excluding

C.excessive

D.exclusive

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析。句意：一般来说，国家边境问题是政府关心的问题。

extinct灭绝的；excluding除……外，不包括；excessive过度的，过分的；exclusive独有的，专一的。

D项exclusive独有的，专一的符合句意，在这里表示“专门的，特别的”。

9.单选题

Sincethetwocountriescouldn’t________theirdifferences,theydecidedtostoptheirnegotiations.

问题1选项

A.rectify

B.oblige

C.reconcile

D.obscure

【答案】C

【解析】动词词义辨析。rectify“改正”；oblige“迫使，义务”；reconcile“使协调，使一致”；obscure“模糊不清，掩盖”。句意：因为两国无法协调分歧，他们决定停止谈判。选项C符合题意。

10.单选题

Romanticloveisaculturetraitfoundprimarilyinindustrializedsocieties.Elsewhereintheworld,pragmaticconsiderationsratherthanflightsoffancyareoftenusedtomakeachoiceofpartner,andromanticloveisseenasanunfortunateinconveniencethatgetsinthewayoftheordinary,rationalprocessofmateselection.TracesofthisattitudepersistintheAmericanupperclasses,wheredaughtersareexpectedtomarry“well”thatis,toamalewhoiseligiblebyreasonoffamilybackgroundandearningpotential.MostAmericans,however,seeromanticloveasessentialforasuccessfulmarriage,andtendtolookaskance（轻蔑地）atanyonewhomarriesforamorepracticalreasoninwhichloveplaysnopart.

Thephenomenonofromanticloveoccurswhentwoyoungpeoplemeetandfindoneanotherpersonallyandphysicallyattractive.Theybecomemutuallyabsorbed,starttobehaveinwhatappearstobeaflighty（充满幻想的）evenirrationalmanner,decidethattheyarerightforoneanother,andmaythenenteramarriagewhosesuccessisexpectedtobeguaranteedbytheirenduringlove.Behaviorofthiskindisportrayedandwarmlyendorsed（赞同）throughoutAmericanpopularculture,bybooks,magazines,comics,records,popularsongs,movies,andTV.

Romanticloveisanobleideal,anditcancertainlyprovideabasisforthespousesto“livehappilyeverafter.”Butamarriagecanequallywellbefoundedonmuchmorepracticalconsiderations—asindeedtheyhavebeeninmostsocietiesthroughoutmostofhistory.Whyisromanticloveofsuchimportanceinthemodernworld?Thereasonseemstobethatithassomebasicfunctionsinmaintainingtheinstitutionofthenuclearfamily（小家庭）.

31.Romanticloveislessfrequentlyfoundinmanynon-industrialsocietiesbecausepeopleinthesesocieties_____.

32.Theunderlinedword“eligible”inPara.1couldbestbereplacedby_____.

33.Accordingtothepassage,mostAmericans_____.

34.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraphaboutromanticlove?

35.Theauthorseemstobelievethat_____.

问题1选项

A.firmlybelievethatonlymoneycanmaketheworldgoround

B.failtobringtheimaginativepowerofthemindintofullplay

C.fondlythinkthatflightsoffancypreventthemfrommakingacorrectchoiceofpartner

D.havefarmorepracticalconsiderationstodeterminewhowillmarrywhom

问题2选项

A.qualified

B.available

C.chosen

D.influential

问题3选项

A.expecttheirdaughterstofallinlovewithamaleatfirstsight

B.regardromanticloveasthebasisforasuccessfulmarriage

C.lookuptothosewhomarryforthesakeofwealth

D.considerromanticlovetobethemostdesirablethingintheworld

问题4选项

A.Itisacommonoccurrenceamongtheold.

B.Itisprimarilydescribedbybooks.

C.Itischaracterizedbymutualattractionandabsorption.

D.Itisrejectedasflightyandirrational.

问题5选项

A.romanticlovemakespeopleunabletothinkclearlyintheprocessofmateselection

B.onlyromanticlovecanmakeamarriagehappyeverafter

C.muchmorepracticalconsiderationscanalsobethebasisforasuccessfulmarriage

D.romanticloveplaysaninsignificantroleinmaintainingtheinstitutionofthenuclearfamily

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】31.事实细节题。定位到第一段第二句话Elsewhereintheworld,pragmaticconsiderationsratherthanflightsoffancyareoftenusedtomakeachoiceofpartner,andromanticloveisseenasanunfortunateinconveniencethatgetsinthewayoftheordinary,rationalprocessofmateselection.“在世界上的其他地方，人们在选择伴侣时往往考虑务实而非异想天开，而浪漫的爱情则被视为妨碍正常、理性的择偶过程的不幸的麻烦”，所以答案选C选项“在决定谁将和谁结婚时，有更实际的考虑”。

A选项“坚信只有金钱才能使世界运转”，文章没有提及，属于反向干扰。

B选项“不能充分发挥想象力”，见正确选项，这里只是说非工业社会的人的择偶观比较务实不是说不能发挥想象力，这里属于推理过度。

D选项“天真地认为幻想妨碍了他们正确地选择伴侣”文章没有提及，属于反向干扰。

32.推理判断题。第一步，句中前后信息衔接，定位到文章第一段倒数第二句TracesofthisattitudepersistintheAmericanupperclasses,wheredaughtersareexpectedtomarry“well”thatis,toamalewhoiseligiblebyreasonoffamilybackgroundandearningpotential.“这种态度的痕迹在美国上层社会依然存在，那里的女孩被期望嫁给‘好’的男人，也就是说，嫁给一个有家庭背景和收入潜力的合适的男人”，这里可以看出这句描述的是美国上层阶级选女婿的条件，从后面的byreasonof（处于……原因），这里可知合格的女婿是要家庭有背景，以及有潜力的人，所以答案选A“合格的，有资格的”。

B选项“可提供的”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

C选项“选择的”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

D选项“有影响力的”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

33.事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到第一段最后一句话MostAmericans,however,seeromanticloveasessentialforasuccessfulmarriage,andtendtolookaskanceatanyonewhomarriesforamorepracticalreasoninwhichloveplaysnopart.“然而，大多数美国人认为浪漫的爱情是成功婚姻的必要条件，并倾向于以怀疑的眼光看待那些因为更实际的原因而结婚的人，这些原因中没有爱情的作用”，从这里可知答案选B“认为浪漫的爱情是成功婚姻的基础”。

A选项“希望自己的女儿能与男性一见钟情”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

C选项“尊敬那些为财富而结婚的人”，见正确选项解析，这里属于反向干扰。

D选项“认为浪漫的爱情是世界上最令人向往的东西”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

34.事实细节题。定位到第二段第一句话Thephenomenonofromanticloveoccurswhentwoyoungpeoplemeetandfindoneanotherpersonallyandphysicallyattractive.“当两个年轻人相遇并发现彼此在个人和外表上都很有吸引力时，浪漫爱情就会发生”从这里可知答案选C选项“它的特点是相互吸引和吸收”。

A选项“这在老年人中很常见。”文中没有提及，属于无中生有。

B选项“它主要是由书籍描述的”，定位到第三段最后一句话Behaviorofthiskindisportrayedandwarmlyendorsed（赞同）throughoutAmericanpopularculture,bybooks,magazines,comics,records,popularsongs,movies,andTV.“这种行为在美国流行文化中广泛，通过书籍、杂志、漫画、记录、流行歌曲、电影和电视的形式被描绘并被广泛宣传。”从这里可知B选项错误，爱情不止是在书中描写还有漫画、歌谣等，这里属于以偏概全。

D选项“它被拒绝为轻浮和非理性的”定位到第二段第二句话Theybecomemutuallyabsorbed,starttobehaveinwhatappearstobeaflightyevenirrationalmanner“它们相互吸收，开始表现出一种轻浮甚至不理智的行为方式”从这里可知D选项错误，这里属于反向干扰。

35.事实细节题。第一步，精准定位，定位到最后一段第二句话Butamarriagecanequallywellbefoundedonmuchmorepracticalconsiderations“但婚姻同样可以建立在更实际的考虑基础上”从这里可以知道C选项“更实际的考虑也可以成为成功婚姻的基础”正确；

B选项“只有浪漫的爱情才能使婚姻从此幸福美满”，定位到最后一段最后一句Whyisromanticloveofsuchimportanceinthemodernworld?Thereasonseemstobethatithassomebasicfunctionsinmaintainingtheinstitutionofthenuclearfamily.“为什么浪漫的爱情在现代社会如此重要？原因似乎是它在维持核心家庭制度方面具有一些基本功能”从这里可知B选项错误，这里属于反向干扰；

A选项“浪漫的爱情让人在选择伴侣的过程中无法清晰思考”文中没有提及，属于无中生有；

D选项“浪漫的爱情在维持核心家庭制度中起着微不足道的作用”文中没有提及，属于无中生有。

11.写作题

Writea100—120-wordsummaryofthearticleinquestion3.

【答案】ThehistoryofblackliberationmovementsintheUSAcouldbecharacterizedasastruggleoverimagesasmuchasastruggleforrightsandequalaccess.However,thecontroloverimagesmetmanysetbacks:itwasconsiderednotasimportantasequalaccess;thepowertosegregatewasmistakenlybelievedbymanyblacksasthegreatestpoweragainstthem;blackpeoplehavemadefewrevolutionaryinterventionsinit;racialdesegregationpartlyledmanyblackpeopletobelessattentivetoit;nationalistblackfreedommovementsoftenonlycaredaboutquestionsof“good”and“bad”imageryanddidnotpromoteamoreexpansiveculturalunderstandingofthepoliticsofessenceandidentitythatultimatelyrestrictedandconfinedblackimageproduction.

12.单选题

Ifwe（）ourrelationswiththatcountry,we’llhavetofindanothersupplierofrawmaterials.

问题1选项

A.diffuse

B.diminish

C.terminate

D.preclude

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项diffuse“扩散；传播；漫射”；B选项diminish“减少，缩小”；C选项terminate“使终止；使结束；解雇”；D选项preclude“排除；妨碍；阻止”。句意：如果我们终止与那个国家的关系，我们就得另找一个原材料供应者。根据后半句句意可知C正确。

13.单选题

AthighnoonlastOctober1st,thecitizensofEcuador（厄瓜多尔）didsomethingthey’dneverdreamedpossible:theysynchronized（同步）theirwatches.Indoingso,theyembarkedonanationalcampaignagainstlateness.Aspecialgrouporganizedthiscampaign.ThegroupinvitedthePresidenttojoininthem,butactuallythePresidentwasinfamouslyunpunctual.Anyway,thePresidentagreedtovowtoparticipate.Hisspokesman,goingontelevisiontoannouncethisvow,arrivedatthestudio,needlesstosay,severalminuteslate.

Suchacampaignmaybescornedorlaughedat,becauseitseemsnotseriousandevennonsense,withoutanypracticalmeaning,butitcomesoutofabasiceconomicfact:punctualitypays.Accordingtoonestudy,chroniclatenesscostsEcuador$2.5billionayear―hardlysmallchangeinacountrywithagrossdomesticproductofjusttwenty-fourbilliondollars.Thefundamentalchallengeforamoderneconomyistocoordinatetheactionsofmillionsofindependentpeoplesothatgoodsmaybeproducedandservicesdeliveredasefficientlyaspossible.It’saloteasiertodothiswhenpeoplearewherethey’resupposedtobewhenthey’resupposedtobethere.Thisisespeciallytrueinlightofrecentinnovationssuchasjust-in-timemanufacturing.

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