2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国2卷英语试题及参考答案

2018普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国2卷（精校打印版）

试题及参考答案

英语第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.ASummerActivitiesStudentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/carers,andselecttwoactivitiestheywouldliketodo.Formswillbeavailableinschoolandonlineforthemtoindicatetheirchoicesandreturntoschool.Beforechoicesarefinalized.parents/carerswillbeaskedtosigntoconfirmtheirchild'schoicesActivityDescriptionMemberofstaffCostOutdoorAdventure（OUT）Takeyourselfoutofyourcomfortzoneforaweek,discovernewpersonalqualities,andlearnnewskills.YouwillbeabletotakepartinanumberofactivitiesformscanoeingtowildcampingcDartmoor.Learnrockclimbingandworkasateam,andenjoythegreatoutdoorenvironment.nMr.Clemens£140WWIBattlefieldsandParis（WBP）OnMondaywetraveltoLondon.AfterstayingovernightinLondon,wetravelonDay2tonorthern.FrancetovisittWorldWarIbattlefields.OnDay3wecrossintoBelgium.ThursdayseesusmaketheshortjourneytoPariswherewewillvisitDisneylandParispark,stayinguntillatetoseetheparadeandthefireworks.Ourfinalday.Friday,seesusvisitcentralParisandtourthemainsights.Mrs.Wilson£425CraftyFoxes（CRF）Fourdaysofproductdesigncentredaroundtextiles.Makinglovelyobjectsusingrecycledandmadeaaterials.Bags,cushionsanddecorations.LearnSkillsandleavewithmodernandunusualtextiles.£30PottyaboutPotter(POT)VisitWarnerBrosStudio,Shopstoptobuypicnic,stayovernightinanapprovedYouthHostelinStreatley—on—Thames,guidedtourofOxfordtoseethefilmlocations,picniclunchoutsideOxford'sChristchurch,boatingontheRiverCherwellthroughtheUniversityPark,beforeheadingbacktoExeter.MissDrake£150()21.WhichactivitywillyouchooseifyouwanttogocampingOUT.B.WBP.C.CRF.D.POT.()22.WhatwillthestudentsdoonTuesdaywithMrs.WilsonTraveltoLondon.B.Seeaparadeandfireworks.C.TourcentralParis.D.VisittheWWIbattlefields.()23.HowlongdoesPottyaboutPotterlastTwodays.B.Fourdays.C.Fivedays.D.Oneweek.BManyofusloveJulybecauseit'sthemonthwhennature'sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbia'sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein(蛋白质),ironandzinc(notthatfruitshavemuchprotein).Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants(抗氧化物质).TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants,Asforcherries(樱花).theyaresodeliciouswhocaresHowever,theyarerichinvitaminC.Whencombinedwithberriesorslicesofotherfruits.frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbaseforthick,coolingfruitshakesandlowfat“icecream”.Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.RemovetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreezeIfyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa“soft-serve”creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren'sparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.()24.WhatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherriesTheycontainprotein.B.TheyarehighinvitaminA.C.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.()25.WhyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananasC.TospeeduptheirripeningD.Toimprovetheirnutrition.C.TospeeduptheirripeningD.Toimprovetheirnutrition.B.Tokeeptheircolour.Tomakethemsmellbetter.B.Tokeeptheircolour.()26.Whatis“ajuicer”inthelastparagraphA.Adessert.B.Adrink.C.Acontainer.D.Amachine.A.Adessert.B.Adrink.C.Acontainer.D.Amachine.()27.FromwhichisthetextprobablytakenA.Abiologytextbook.Ahealthmagazine.A.Abiologytextbook.Ahealthmagazine.Aresearchpaper.Atravelbrochure.Aresearchpaper.Atravelbrochure.CTeensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildren'slives,andindicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.Accordingtothereport'skeyfindings,“theproportion(比例)whosaythey'hardlyever'readforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13-year-oldsand9percentof17-year-oldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday.”Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren.ages2-8,remainlargelythesame.Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeachsessionhasdeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpersession.Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocounse建议)parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-readersandtabletsonreading.Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservinagsexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading,Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequentreaders,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentswhoreadmoreoften,andparentswhosetasidetimeforthemtoread.Astheendofschoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom(逼近)ahead,parentsmighttakethischancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerreadinglistandplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore.()28.WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyaboutA.Children'sreadinghabits.B.Qualityofchildren'sbooks.C.Children'safter-classactivities.D.parent-childrelationships.()29.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports“childrenarereadingalotlessforfun”A.Inparagraph2.Inparagraph3.A.Inparagraph2.Inparagraph3.Inparagraph4Inparagraph5.()30.WhydomanyparentslimitelectronicreadingA.E-booksareofpoorquality.B.Itcouldbeawasteoftime.A.E-booksareofpoorquality.B.Itcouldbeawasteoftime.D.E-readersareexpensive.C.Itmayharmchildren'shealth.D.E-readersareexpensive.()31.HowshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmoreA.ActasrolemodelsforthemAskthemtowritebookreportsA.ActasrolemodelsforthemAskthemtowritebookreportsC.SetupreadinggroupsforthemD.TalkwiththeirreadingclassteachersC.SetupreadinggroupsforthemDWe'veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmart-phonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.What'stheproblemIt'spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It'smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecausei'tsawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit'sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit'saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan'tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn'tevenexistifitweren'tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease(润滑剂)forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast."Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,"heexplains."Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.”Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction(互动)withitswaiter,theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience."it'snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband.”saysDunn."Butinteractoinswithperipheral(边缘的)membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.”Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk."Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,”hesays.()32.WhatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraphA.Addictiontosmart-phonesB.InappropriatebehavioursinpublicplacesAbsenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.D.Impatiencewithslowservice()33.WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducciA.Showinggoodmanners.Relatingtootherpeople.A.Showinggoodmanners.Focusingonatopic.DMakingbusinessdeals()34.Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalkA.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B.Itraisespeople'sconfidence.C.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D.Focusingonatopic.DMakingbusinessdeals()34.Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalkA.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B.Itraisespeople'sconfidence.C.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.()35.WhatisthebesttitleforthetextA.ConversationCountsB.WaysofMakingSmallTalkC.BenefitsofSmallTalkD.UncomfortableSilenceA.ConversationCountsB.WaysofMakingSmallTalkC.BenefitsofSmallTalkD.UncomfortableSilence第二节信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise，itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.36Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.37Yourmetabolism(新陈代谢)getsaheadstart.38Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday，notinyoursleep.39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.40_Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.WhowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfoodYouwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.IIIIIIIIYourqualityofsleepimproves.1111IImYoupreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.iiii1111Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexercisethemorning.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完型填空（共20小题：每小题分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Twoweeksearlier,myson,Ben,hadgotintouch.He'dmovedtoEnglandwithhismumwhenhewasthreeandithadbeen13yearssinceI'd-41seenhim.Soimaginemy42whenheemailedmesayinghewantedtocometovisitme.Iwas43!IarrivedearlyatByronBaywhereweweresupposedto44.Thebaywas45insunshine,andtherewasagroupofkayakersaround150moffthealittle46,Irealizedonekayak(皮划艇)wasIn47.“Something'snot48!''Itookoffmyt-shirtand49intothewater.Isawthereweretwoinstructorsonboardandamanlyingacrossthemiddle.Hewas50violently.Linkingarmswithoneoftheinstructors,Ihelped51theyoungmanoutofthewater.HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,something52tome.Thosebrowneyeswerevery53.what'shisname""Iaskedtheinstructor.""Ben,""hereplied,andimmediatelyI54.Thatstrangerwasmyson!Theinstructorscalledforanambulance,55,afterabriefstayinhospital,Benwaswellenoughtobeallowedto56andlaterthefamilymetupfordinner.WechattedabouteverythingandthenBen57tome."Ijustwanttosaythankyou,"hesaid"You58mylife!"Istillcan'tbelievewhata59itwas.I'mjustsogladIwasthere60tohelpmyson()41.A.alsoB.oftenC.evenD.last()42.A.delightB.reliefC.angerD.worry()43.A.scaredB.shockedC.thrilledD.ashamed()44.A.talkB.stayC.meetD.settle()45.A.bathedB.cleanC.deepD.formed()46.A.fasterB.closerC.heavierD.battle()47.A.troubleB.advanceC.questionD.fit()48.A.realB.rightC.fairD.fit()49.A.staredB.sankC.divedD.fell()50.A.arguingB.fightingC.shoutingD.shaking()51.A.leadB.persuadeC.carryD.keep()52.A.happenedB.occurredC.appliedD.appealed()53.A.sharpB.pleasantC.attractiveD.familiar()54.A.agreedB.hesitatedC.doubtedD.knew()55.A.FortunatelyB.FranklyC.SadlyD.Suddenly()56.A.returnB.relaxC.speakD.leave()57.A.jokedB.turnedC.listenedD.pointed()58.A.createdB.honoredC.savedD.guided()59.A.coincidenceB.changeC.pityD.pain()60.A.onboardB.intimeC.forsureD.onpurpose第二节语法填空（共10小题：每小题分，满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Dietshavechangedinchina-andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry61(grow)morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover62past25Years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.Atasteformeatis63(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice64(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater65riceandcreateslessfertilizer牝肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased66(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.AccordingtotheWorldB