新视野阅读理解unit5-10

Unit10Part18ReadingComprehension（MultipleChoice）Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Passage1DuringthelongvacationIwasacceptedasabusconductor.Ilastedaboutthreeweeks.Theroutesthroughtownweremorethanthemindcouldstandevenintheoff-peakhours.AllthebusesfromourstationandeveryotherstationwouldbecrawlingnosetotailthroughthetownwhiletheentireworkingpopulationofSydneyfoughttogetaboard.Itwashotthatsummer:100°Fahrenheit（华氏）everyday.Insidethebusitwas30°hotterstill.Itwassojammedinsidethatmyfeetweren'ttouchingthefloor.,Therewasnohopeofcollectinganyfares.AteachstopitwasallIcoulddotoreachthebellthatsignaledthedrivertoclosetheautomaticdoorsandgetgoing.Ihadnowayoftellingwhetheranybodyhadmanagedtogetonoroff.MyoneobjectwastogetthatbusupPittStreet.InthesecircumstancesIwasscarcelytoblame.Ididn'tevenknowwherewewere,butIguessedwewereatthetopjustbeforeMarketStreet.Ipressedthebell,thedoorsclosed,andthebussurgedforward.Therewereshoutsandyellsfromdowntheback,butIthoughttheyweretheangrycriesofpassengerswhohadnotgoton.ToolateIrealizedthattheywereemanating（来自）fromwithinthebus.Thebacksetofautomaticdoorshadclosedaroundanoldlady'sneckasshewasgettingon.Herheadwasinsidethebus.Therestofher,carryingashoppingbagwasoutside.Iknewnoneofthisatthetime.WhenIatlastcaughtontothefactthatsomethingwashappeningandsignaledthedrivertostop,hecrashedtoahaltandopenedtheautomaticdoors,whereuponthewomandroppedtotheroad.Whendidtheauthorworkasabusconductor?一A.Threeweeksago.B.Duringoff-peakhoursonly.„C.Duringhisvacation.しD.Everysummer.Correctanswer:CWhatmadeitdifficultfortheauthortocollectfares?..A.Thebuswastoocrowded.B.Theweatherwassohot.用C.Hecouldn'tgetinsidethedoor.,D.Hehadtoringthebell.jCorrectanswer:AWhatdidtheauthortrytodoaboveallelse?.A.Closethedoor.Collectthefares.p,C.Ringthebell.°D.GetupPittStreet.jCorrectanswer:DWhatdoestheauthorthink?用A.Hewasresponsibleforeverything.j<B.Hecouldn'tbeblamedforthetroubles.,C.Thedoorsonthebusshouldbeautomatic..D.Peopleshouldn'tyellonthebus.Correctanswer:BWhathappenedwiththeoldwoman?°A.Sheranoutontotheroadinfrontofthebus.用B.Sheopenedthebusdoorswhilethebuswasmoving.j内C.Shegotherheadcaughtinthebusdoors.j,D.Shesignaledthebusdrivertostop.jCorrectanswer:CUnit10Part18ReadingComprehension(MultipleChoice)Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Passage2Sincethedawnofhumaningenuity（独创性）,peoplehavedevisedgreaterandgreatertoolstocopewithworkthatisdangerous,boring,burdensome,orjustplainnasty.Thatcompulsion（强制）hasresultedinattemptstomakerobots,machineswithhumancapabilities.Andifscientistshaveyettocreatethemechanicalversionofsciencefiction,theyhavebeguntocomeclose.Asaresult,themodernworldisincreasinglyfullofintelligentgizmoswhosepresencewebarelynoticebutwhoseuniversalexistencehasremovedmuchhumanlabor.Ourfactorieshum（忙碌）totherhythmofrobotassemblyarms.Ourbankingisdoneatautomatedtellerterminalsthatthankuswithmechanicalpolitenessforthetransaction.Oursubwaytrainsarecontrolledbytirelessrobotdrivers.Andthankstothecontinualminiaturization（小型化）ofelectronicsandmicro-mechanics,therearealreadyrobotsystemsthatcanperformsomekindsofbrainandbonesurgerywithperfectaccuracy—fargreaterprecisionthanhighlyskilledphysicianscanachievewiththeirhandsalone.Butifrobotsaretoreachthenextstageoflaborsavingutility,theywillhavetooperatewithlesshumansupervisionandbeabletomakeatleastafewdecisionsforthemselves-goalsthatposearealchallenge."Whileweknowhowtotellarobottohandleaspecificerror,"saysDaveLavery,managerofaprogramatNASA,"wecan'tyetgivearobotenough'commonsense'toreliablyinteractwithadynamicworld."Indeedthequestfortrueartificialintelligencehasproducedverymixedresults.Despiteaspellofinitialoptimisminthe1960sand1970swhenitappearedthattransistor（晶体管）circuitsmightbeabletocopytheactionofthehumanbrainbytheyear2010,researcherslatelyhavebeguntoextendthatforecastbydecadesifnotcenturies.Humaningenuitywasinitiallydemonstratedin.theuseofmachinestoproducesciencefictionjthewideuseofmachinesinmanufacturingindustryj用C.theinventionoftoolsfordifficultanddangerousworkjtheclevertacklingofdangerousandboringworkjCorrectanswer:CTheword"gizmos"（paragraph2）mostprobablymeans.°A.programsj.B.expertsC.devicesD.creaturesCorrectanswer:BAccordingtothetext,whatisbeyondman'sabilitynowistodesignarobotthatcan„A.fulfilldelicatetaskslikeperformingbrainsurgeryinteractwithhumanbeingsorallyLj__C.havealittlecommonsensec„D.respondindependentlytoachangingworldLjCorrectanswer:DWhatdoestheauthorthink?A.Robotswillalwaysrequiresupervision.LjCB.Peoplehavebothsuccessesandfailureswithrobots._C.Themakingofrobotswillalwaysmeetmixedsuccesses.LjlD.Robotsandpeopleshouldneverbemixed.しCorrectanswer:DWhatmadepeopleoptimisticaboutrobots?一A.Transistorcircuits.□iB.The60sand70s.□„C.Researchers.cーーD.Thehumanbrain.□Correctanswer:AUnit10Part18ReadingComprehension(MultipleChoice)Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Passage3Couldthebadolddaysofeconomicdeclinebeabouttoreturn?SinceOPECagreedtosupply-cutsinMarch,thepriceofcrudeoilhasjumpedtoalmost$26abarrel,upfromlessthan$10lastDecember.Thisnear-tripling（丿し乎三倍）ofoilpricescallsupscarymemoriesofthe1973oilshock,whenpricesquadrupled（四倍的）,and1979-1980,whentheyalsoalmosttripled.Bothpreviousshocksresultedindouble-digitinflationandglobaleconomicdecline.Sowherearetheheadlineswarningofgloom（沮丧）anddoom（丿巳运）thistime?Yettherearegoodreasonstoexpecttheeconomicconsequencesnowtobelessseverethaninthe1970s.Richeconomiesarelessdependentonoilthantheywere,andsolesssensitivetoswingsintheoilprice.Energyconservation,ashifttootherfuelsandadeclineintheimportanceofheavy,energy-intensiveindustrieshavereducedoilconsumption.Software,consultancyandmobiletelephonesusefarlessoilthansteelorcarproduction.ForeachdollarofGDP（inconstantprices）richeconomiesnowusenearly50%lessoilthanin1973.TheOECDestimatesinitslatestEconomicOutlookthatifoilpricesaveraged$22abarrelforafullyear,comparedwith$13in1998,thiswouldincreasetheoilimportbillinricheconomiesbyonly0.25-0.5%ofGDP.Thatislessthanone-quarteroftheincomelossin1974or1980.Ontheotherhand,oil-importingemergingeconomies—towhichheavyindustryhasshifted—havebecomemoreenergy-intensive,andsocouldbemoreseriouslysqueezed.Onemorereasonnottolosesleepovertheriseinoilpricesisthat,unliketherisesinthe1970s,ithasnotoccurredagainstthebackgroundofgeneralproduct-priceinflationandglobalexcessdemand.Asizableportionoftheworldisonlyjustemergingfromeconomicdecline.1.Whatdoestheauthordescribeasfrightening?A.The1973oilshock.Globaleconomicdecline.Thegloomanddoomofthistime.D.OPECsupply-cuts.Correctanswer:A2.Whatarenewspapershavingpeoplebelieve?2.A.Theriseinoilisgoingtocauseseriousproblems.B.Theeconomyisgoingtogetbetter.C.Oilpricesaregoingtotriple.Energyconservationisnecessary.Correctanswer:AWhathasnewtechnologyleadto?„A.Double-digitinflation.Reducedoildependency.lC.Steelproduction.し_D.Energyconservation.Correctanswer:BWhydoestheauthortellusHnottolosesleep',?Wewillneedenergyfromsleep.Worryingwillnothelp.1C.Weneednotworry.Peoplewillbeseriouslysqueezedinthefuture.しCorrectanswer:CFromthetextwecanseethatthewriterseems.„A.optimistic1B.sensitive□-C.sad一D.scaredcCorrectanswer:AUnit10Part18ReadingComprehension(MultipleChoice)Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Passage4UseoftheillegaldrugnamedEcstasyMDMA(摇头丸)hasincreasedalarminglyinBritainoverthelastfewyears,andin1992theBritishMedicalJournalclaimedthatatleastsevendeathsandmanysevereadversereactionshavefolloweditsuseasadancedrug.14deathshavesofarbeenattributedtothedruginBritainalthoughitispossiblethatotherdrugscontributedtosomeofthosedeaths.Whileitistruethatalldrugsbytheirverynaturechangethewayinwhichthebodyreactstoitsenvironmentandarethereforepotentiallydangerous,itisstillunclearwhethercasualuseofEcstasyisasdangerousasauthoritiesbelieve.Whatiscertainisthatthedrugcausesdistinctchangestothebodywhich,unlessunderstood,mayleadtofatalcomplications（并发症）incertaincircumstances.InalmostallcasesofMDMArelateddeathsinBritain,overheatingofthebodyandinadequatereplacementoffluidshavebeennotedastheprimarycausesofdeath.Perhapsthemostdamning（确凿的）evidenceurgingagainsttheuseofEcstasyisthatitisundoubtedlyanaddictive（成瘾的）substance,butonethatquicklylosesitsabilitytoaffectthemind,whileitincreasesitseffectuponthebody.Yet,unliketheclassicaddictivedrugs,Ecstasydoesnotproducephysicalwithdrawalsymptoms.Infact,becauseonebecomesquicklytolerantofitseffectonthemind,itisnecessarytogiveupitsuseforawhileinordertoexperienceagainitsfulleffect.Anysubstancewhichproducessuchastrongeffectontheusershouldbetreatedwithappropriaterespectandcare.Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?A.Druguseamongyoungpeople.Theeffectsofacertaindrug.ThereportsofaBritishmedicaljournal.Deathsatdancesbecauseofdrugs.Correctanswer:B2.Whatdoestheauthormentionastrue?2.Ecstasyisasdangerousasauthoritiesbelieve.Drugscausechangesforthebody.C.Theenvironmentfordrugsisdangerous.D.Wemustunderstandtheeffectsofdrugs.Correctanswer:BWhatdomostofthecasesofdeathsbecauseofEcstasyhaveincommon?Theperson'sbodybecametoohot.Thepersonwasaddicted.C.Thepersonwasdangerous.D.Thepersonreplacedhisfluids.Correctanswer:AHowisEcstasydifferentfromsomeotherdrugs?じA.Itcausesgreaterchangesinthebody.lB.Itismoredangerous,accordingtoauthorities.し_C.Ithasnoabilitytoaffectthemind.D.Itdoesnotproducewithdrawalsymptoms.しCorrectanswer:DWhatdoestheauthorthink?一A.Ecstasyisnotaddictive.一B.Ecstasydoesnothaveastrongeffect.lC.Ecstasymustbegivenup.し„D.Ecstasymustbetreatedwithcare.LjCorrectanswer:DUnit9Part18ReadingComprehension(MultipleChoice)Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Passage1Inthe1960s,medicalresearchersThomasHolmesandRichardRahedevelopedachecklistofstressfulevents.,Theyappreciatedthetrickypointthatanymajorchangecanbestressful.Negativeeventslike"seriousillnessofafamilymember"werehighonthelist,butsoweresomepositivelife-changingevents,likemarriage.WhenyoutaketheHolmes-Rahetestyoumustrememberthatthescoredoesnotreflecthowyoudealwithstress-itonlyshowshowmuchyouhavetodealwith.Andwenowknowthattheywayyouhandletheseeventsdramaticallyaffectsyourchancesofstayinghealthy.Bytheearly1970s,hundredsofsimilarstudieshadfollowedHolmesandRahe.AndmillionsofAmericanswhoworkandliveunderstressworriedoverthereports.Somehow,theresearchgotboileddowntoamessagethatcouldberememberedeasily.Women'smagazinesranheadlineslike"Stresscausesillness!"Ifyouwanttostayphysicallyandmentallyhealthy,thearticlessaid,avoidstressfulevents.Butsuchsimplisticadviceisimpossibletofollow.Evenifstressfuleventsaredangerous,many-likethedeathofalovedone-areimpossibletoavoid.Moreover,anywarningtoavoidallstressfuleventsisaprescription（处方）forstayingawayfromopportunitiesaswellastrouble.Sinceanychangecanbestressful,apersonwhowantedtobecompletelyfreeofstresswouldnevermarry,haveachild,takeanewjobormove.Thenotionthatallstressmakesyousickalsoignoresalotofwhatweknowaboutpeople.Itassumeswe'reallvulnerable（脆弱的）andpassiveinthefaceofadversity（逆境）.Butwhatabouthumaninitiativeandcreativity?Manycomethroughperiodsofstresswithmorephysicalandmentalvigorthantheyhadbefore.Wealsoknowthatalongtimewithoutchangecanleadtoboredom,andphysicalandmentalstrain.TheresultofHolmes-Rahe'smedicalresearchtellsus..A.thewayyouhandlemajoreventsmaycausestressj用B.whatshouldbedonetoavoidstressRC.whatkindofeventwouldcausestress<D.howtocopewithsuddenchangesinlifejCorrectanswer:CThestudiesonstressintheearly1970sledto.A.widespreadconcernoveritsharmfuleffectsj,B.greatpanicoverthementaldisorderitcouldcausej.C.anintensiveresearchintostress-relatedillnessesj用D.popularavoidanceofstressfuljobsjCorrectanswer:AThescoreoftheHolmes-Rahetestshows..A.howmuchpressureyouareunderj,B.howpositiveeventscanchangeyourlifehowstressfulamajoreventcanbehowyoucandealwithlife-changingeventsCorrectanswer:AWhyis"suchsimplisticadvice',(Para.2)impossibletofollow?A.Noonecanstayonthesamejobforlong._B.Noprescriptioniseffectiveinrelievingstress.し„C.Peoplehavetogetmarriedsomeday.D.Youcouldbemissingopportunitiesaswell.しCorrectanswer:DAccordingtothepassagepeoplewhohaveexperiencedupsanddownsmaybecome1A.nervouswhenfacedwithdifficultiesc_B.physicallyandmentallystrainedLjmorecapableofcopingwithadversityLjlD.indifferenttowardwhathappenstothemしCorrectanswer:CUnit9Part18ReadingComprehension(MultipleChoice)Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Passage2Mostepisodesofabsent-mindedness—forgettingwhereyouleftsomethingorwonderingwhyyoujustenteredaroom—arecausedbyasimplelackofattention,saysSchacter."You'resupposedtoremembersomething,butyouhaven'tencodeditdeeply."Encoding,Schacterexplains,isspecialwayofpayingattentiontoaneventthathasamajorimpactonrecallingitlater.Failuretoencodeproperlycancreateannoyingsituations.Ifyouputyourmobilephoneinapocket,forexample,anddon'tpayattentiontowhatyoudidbecauseyou'reinvolvedinaconversation,you'llprobablyforgetthatthephoneisinthejacketnowhanginginyourwardrobe依柜)."Yourmemoryitselfisn'tfailingyou,"saysSchacter,"Rather,youdidn'tgiveyourmemorysystemtheinformationitneeded."Lackofinterestcanalsoleadtoabsent-mindedness."Amanwhocanrecitesportsstatisticsfrom30yearsago,"saysZelinski,"maynotremembertodropaletterinthemailbox."Womenhaveslightlybettermemoriesthanmen,possiblybecausetheypaymoreattentiontotheirenvironment,andmemoryreliesonjustthat.Visualcausecanhelppreventabsent-mindedness,saysSchacter."Butbesurethecueisclearandavailable,"hecautions（警告）.Ifyouwanttoremembertotakeamedication（药物）withlunch,putthepillbottleonthekitchentable-don'tleaveitinthemedicinechestandwriteyourselfanotethatyoukeepinapocket.Anothercommonepisodeofabsent-mindedness:walkingintoaroomandwonderingwhyyou'rethere.Mostlikely,youwerethinkingaboutsomethingelse."Everyonedoesthisfromtimetotime",saysZelinski.Thebestthingtodoistoreturntowhereyouwerebeforeenteringtheroom,andyou'lllikelyremember.Whydoestheauthorthinkthatencodingproperlyisveryimportant?Ithelpsusunderstandourmemorysystembetter.Itenablesustorecallsomethingfromourmemory.j.C.Itexpandsourmemorycapacityconsiderably.j,D.Itslowsdowntheprocessoflosingourmemory.jCorrectanswer:BOnepossiblereasonwhywomenhavebettermemoriesthanmenisthat.,A.theyhaveawiderrangeofinterestsj.B.theyaremorereliantontheenvironmentjC.theyhaveanunusualpoweroffocusingtheirattentionjRD.theyaremoreinterestedinwhat'shappeningaroundthemjCorrectanswer:DAnoteinthepocketcanhardlyserveasareminderbecause.内A.itwilleasilygetlostB.it'snotclearenoughforyoutoreadC.it'soutofyoursightD.itmightgetmixedupwithotherthingsLjCorrectanswer:CWhatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph?„A.Ifwefocusourattentionononething,wemightforgetanother.しMemorydependstoacertainextentontheenvironment.一C.Repetitionhelpsimproveourmemory._D.Itwekeepforgettingthings,we'dbetterreturntowherewewere.LjCorrectanswer:AWhatisthepassagemainlyabout?Theprocessofgradualmemoryloss.Lj__B.Thecausesofabsent-mindedness.c„C.Theimpactoftheenvironmentonmemory.Lj_D.Awayofencodingandrecalling.しCorrectanswer:BUnit9Part18ReadingComprehension（MultipleChoice）Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Passage3Itishardtotrackthebluewhale（蓝鲸），theocean'slargestcreature,whichhasalmostbeenkilledoffbycommercialwhalingandisnowlistedasanendangeredspecies.Attachingradiodevicestoitisdifficult,andvisualsightingsaretoounreliabletogiverealinsightintoitsbehavior.Sobiologists（生物学家）weredelightedearlythisyearwhen,withthehelpoftheNavy,theywereabletotrackaparticularbluewhalefor43days,monitoringitssounds.ThiswaspossiblebecauseoftheNavy'sformerlytop-secretsystemofunderwaterlisteningdevicesspanningtheoceans.TrackingwhalesisbutoneexampleofanexcitingnewworldjustopeninguptocivilianscientistsafterthecoldwarastheNavystartstoshareandpartlyuncoveritsglobalnetworkofunderwaterlisteningsystemsbuiltoverthedecadestotracktheshipsofpotentialenemies.Earthscientistsannouncedatanewsconferencerecentlythattheyhadusedthesystemforcloselymonitoringadeep-seavolcanic（火山的）eruption（爆发）forthefirsttimeandthattheyplansimilarstudies.Otherscientistshaveproposedtousethenetworkfortrackingoceancurrentsandmeasuringchangesinoceanandglobaltemperatures.Thespeedofsoundinwaterisroughlyonemileasecond—slowerthanthroughlandbutfasterthanthroughair.Whatismostimportant,differentlayersofoceanwatercanactaschannelsforsounds,focusingtheminthesamewayastethoscope（听诊器）doeswhenitcarriesfaintnoisesfromapatient'schesttoadoctor'sear.Thisfocusingisthemainreasonthatevenrelativelyweaksoundsintheocean,especiallylow-frequencyones,canoftentravelthousandsofmiles.Thepassageischieflyabout.,A.anefforttoprotectanendangeredmarinespeciesj„B.thecivilianuseofamilitarydetectionsystemjC.theexposureofaUSNavytop-secretweaponjRD.anewwaytolookintothebehaviorofbluewhalesjCorrectanswer:BTheunderwaterlisteningsystemwasoriginallydesigned.内A.totraceandlocateenemyvesselsj,B.tomonitordeep-seavolcaniceruptionsj.C.tostudythemovementofoceancurrentsD.toreplacetheglobalradiocommunicationsnetworkjCorrectanswer:AThedeep-sealisteningsystemmakesuseof.RA.thesophisticatedtechnologyoffocusingsoundsunderwaterthecapabilityofsoundtotravelathighspeedtheuniquepropertyoflayersofoceanwaterintransmittingsound,D.low-frequencysoundstravelingacrossdifferentlayersofwaterjCorrectanswer:CItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat..A.newradiodevicesshouldbedevelopedfortrackingtheendangeredbluewhalesB.bluewhalesarenolongerendangeredwiththeuseofthenewlisteningsystemj.C.opinionsdifferastowhethercivilianscientistsshouldbeallowedtousemilitarytechnologyD.militarytechnologyhasgreatpotentialincivilianusejCorrectanswer:DWhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheUSNavyunderwaterlisteningnetwork?,A.Itisnowpartlyaccessibletocivilianscientists.jIthasbeenreplacedbyamoreadvancedsystem.j,C.Itbecameuselesstothemilitaryafterthecoldwar.j.D.Itisindispensableinprotectingendangeredspecies.jCorrectanswer:AUnit9Part18ReadingComprehension（MultipleChoice）Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Passage4Thefitnessmovementthatbeganinthelate1960sandearly1970scenteredonaerobicexercise（有氧汪动）.Millionsofindividualsbecameengagedinavarietyofaerobicactivities,andliterallythousandsofhealthspas（矿泉疗养地）developedaroundthecountrytocapitalize（获利）onthisemerginginterestinfitness,particularlyaerobicdancingforfemales.Anumberoffitnessspasexistedpriortothisaerobicfitnessmovement,evenanationalchainwithspasinmostmajorcities.However,theirfocuswasnotonaerobics,butratheronweight-trainingprogramsdesignedtodevelopmuscular（肌肉的）mass,strength,andenduranceintheirprimarilymaleenthusiasts.Thesefitnessspasdidnotseemtobenefitfinanciallyfromtheaerobicfitnessmovementtobetterhealth,sincemedicalopinionsuggestedthatweight-trainingprogramsofferedfew,ifany,healthbenefits.Inrecentyears,however,weighttraininghasagainbecomeincreasinglypopularformalesandforfemales.Manycurrentprogramsfocusnotonlyondevelopingmuscularstrengthandendurancebutonaerobicfitnessaswell.Historically,mostphysical-fitnesstestshaveusuallyincludedmeasuresofmuscularstrengthandendurance,notforhealth-relatedreasons,butprimarilybecausesuchfitnesscomponentshavebeenrelatedtoperformanceinathletics.However,inrecentyears,evidencehasshownthattrainingprogramsdesignedprimarilytoimprovemuscularstrengthandendurancemightalsooffersomehealthbenefitsaswell.TheAmericanCollegeofSportsmedicinenowrecommendsthatweighttrainingbepartofatotalfitnessprogramforhealthyAmericans.IncreasedparticipationinsuchtrainingisoneofthespecificphysicalactivityandfitnessobjectivesofHealthyPeople2000:NationalHealthPromotionandDiseasePreventionObjectives.Theword"spas"(Para.1)mostprobablyrefersto.°A.sportsactivitiesplacesforphysicalexercisejrecreationcenters,D.athletictrainingprogramsjCorrectanswer:BEarlyfitnessspaswereintendedmainlyfor..A.thepromotionofaerobicexercisej用B.enduranceandmusculardevelopmentj内C.theimprovementofwomen*sfigures,D.betterperformanceinaerobicdancingjCorrectanswer:BWhatwastheinitialattitudeofdoctorstowardsweighttraininginhealthimprovement?用A.Positive.j.B.Indifferent.C.Negative.D.Cautious.Correctanswer:CPeopleweregivenphysicalfitnesstestsinordertofindout.A.howwelltheycoulddoinathletics__B.whattheirhealthconditionwaslikec__C.whatkindoffitnesscenterwassuitableforthemcCD.whethertheywerefitforaerobicexerciseCorrectanswer:ARecentstudieshavesuggestedthatweighttraining.CA.hasbecomeanessentialpartofpeople'slifeCB.maywellaffectthehealthofthetraineeswillattractmorepeopleinthedaystocomeし„D.contributestohealthimprovementaswellLjCorrectanswer:DUnit8Part18ReadingComprehension(MultipleChoice)Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Passage1Onephaseofthebusinesscycleistheexpansionphase.Thisphaseisatwo-foldone,includingrecoveryandprosperity.Duringtherecoveryperiodthereisever-growingexpansionofexistingfacilities,andnewfacilitiesforproductionarecreated.Morebusinessesarecreatedandolderonesexpanded.Improvementsofvariouskindsaremade.Thereisaneverincreasingoptimismaboutthefutureofeconomicgrowth.Muchcapitalisinvestedinmachineryorheavyindustry.Morelaborisemployed.Morerawmaterialsarerequired.Asonepartoftheeconomydevelops,otherpartsareaffected.Forexample,alargeexpansioninautomobilesresultsinanexpansionofthesteel,glass,andrubberindustries.Roadsarerequired;thusthecementandmachineryindustriesarestimulated.Demandforlaborandmaterialsresultsingreaterprosperityforworkersandfarmersfromincreaseddemandforsuppliesofrawmaterials.Thisincreasespurchasingpowerandthevolumeofgoodsboughtandsold.Thusprosperityisdiffused(扩散)amongthevarioussegmentsofthepopulation.Thisprosperityperiodmaycontinuetoriseandrisewithoutanapparentend.However,atimecomeswhenthisphasereachesapeakandstopsspiraling（盘旋上升）upwards.Thisistheendoftheexpansionphase.Wemayassumethatinthenextparagraphthewriterwilldiscuss.,A.theexpansionphase内B.thestatusofthefarmer,C.thehighercostoflivingjtherecessionperiodjCorrectanswer:DThetitlebelowthatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis..A.AttainingProsperityinOneIndustryTheRecoveryStagej.C.AnExpandingSocietyj-D.APeriodofGrowthCorrectanswer:DProsperityinoneindustry.A.reflectsitselfinmanyotherindustriesj.B.willa什ectthesteelindustryj用C.willspiralupwardsj,D.willendabruptlyjCorrectanswer:AWhichofthefollowingindustrieswillprobablybeagoodindicatorofaperiodofexpansion?用A.Toys.j_B.Machinetools.C.Foodstuffs.D.Materials.Correctanswer:BDuringtheperiodofprosperity,peopleregardthefuture.cautiously__B.inaconfidentmannerc„C.inacarefulway已D.indifferentlyCorrectanswer:BUnit8Part18ReadingComprehension(MultipleChoice)Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Passage2Areorganicallygrownfoodsthebestfoodchoices?Theadvantagesclaimedforsuchfoodsoverco