英汉医学词汇

PAGEPAGE19Whichismoreimportant,healthorwealth?Whichismoreimportant,healthorwealth?Whengiventhisquestion,havevariedanswers.Someinsistthathealthplaysamoreimportantroleinourlifewhileothersseemoreadvantagesarisinfromwealth.Thefirstgroupofpeoplequotetheoldsyalthisabovewealth”toprovetheiridea.Theyarguethat,ontheonehand,astrongpersoncandoalmostanythingaslongashe/shetrieshard.Ontheotherhand,however,richpeoplewillnotbeabletoenjoythewealthiftheirdaysarenumbered.Inofwealthhavesuchargumentsasfollows.Foronething,wealthypeoplewillbeabletobuymorehealthfulfoods.Foranother,theycanenjoybetterfacilitioimprovetheihealthTakemyneighbor,LaoWang,asanexample.Hehadaheartattackandisinhospital.However,hecannotaffordtheexpensiveoperation,whichcostsasmuchas100,000yuan.Therefore,hehastolieman,hislifewouldbesaved.

IfhewerearichAsfarasIambothhealthandwealthareimportanttoourlife.Weshouldhealthybody.

strikeabalancebetweetnhemandgainwealthwithaStriketheironwhileitishot.HitthenailonitsheadTermsofMedicineThenervous

HumanBodySystemsnerveThemuscularsystemTheThecirculatorsystemTheThedigestivesystemTheurinarysystem

muscleskeletoncirculationrespiredigesturinate泌尿Thereproductivesystemreproduction,multiplication(multiply)OrgansoftheHumanBody1.heart心脏2.bloodvessel血管3.artery动脉4.vein静脉5.lung肺6.liver肝7.bile胆8.kidney肾:~stoneKidneytransplant9.spleen脾药店：drugstore;chemist’sshop;pharmacydrug非处方药：OTC(OverTheCounter)药片药片糖浆tabletpillcapsuleSyrupcough（贴）plaster每小时：qh(quequehora);every(bis(in)die)隔日：alt.dieb(alternisdiebus);alternat一日三次：tid(terin(threetimesaday)qid(quaterindis(fourtimes中医：TCM(traditionalChinesemedicine)进口药英文说明书的结构简介nstructioDirectiosDescriptio现在多用PackageInser，或简称Inset也有用Leafle或DataSheet。指导医生与患者合理用药的重要依据，具有一定的法律效力。项目。等）外，还应熟悉英文药品说明书的结构及语言待点等。大多数英文说明书都包括以下内容；①药品名称（DrugName，②性状Descripti，③药理作用PharmacologicalActio，④适应症Indicatio，⑤禁忌证（Contraindicatio，⑥用量与用法DosageandAdministrati．⑦不良反应AdverseReaction。⑧注意事项Precaution，⑨包装Package，⑩贮存(Storage)，⑾其他项目Other。用量与用法本项最常用的英语表示法有：DosageandAdministration用（剂）量与用法Routeof用法

药途径（用法）DirectionforeMethodof(for)法ApplicationandDosage用法与用（剂）Modeof用法Dosage用（剂）HowtoUse用法Posology剂量学还可能有其他的表示方法。式、剂量及剂量单位、给药时间等。1、常用表示剂量的术语averagedose平均剂量minimal(minimum)dose最小有效量dailydose日剂量（一日量）multipledose多剂量divideddose分次剂量overdose(overdose)fatal(lethal)死量singledose一次剂量indicated有效蛴量standarddose标准（合适）剂量initial(beginning,esuggested(recommended)dose推荐剂量maintenancedose维持量therapeutic治疗剂量maximumdose 最大剂量（极量usual(normal)常用剂量2g=gram克l=liter(litre)mg=milligram升kg=kilogramc.c.毫升mcg=microgram微克I.U.=internationaltug微克bodyweight体重persquaremeterofbodye3、每次给药次数的表示方法daily(perday,aday,everyevery…hoursintervatsofonce(twice)daily(ady日一（二）次everyotherday每隔一日threetimesadaythreetimesaweek每周三次once(twice)aweek（二）次Dividedintosintwoorthreedivided为二或三次（个剂量）1Unlessotherwiseprescribedbythephysician,doseis1capsule3timesdaily.如果医生不另开处方，平均日剂量为每日3次、每次1个胶襄。2Thesuggesteddoseis10to15mgperkgdodyweightdailyin3-4divideddosesorally,takenwithmeets.日剂量最好每公斤体重10-15mg，分3-4次口服，与食物共服。3Theinitialdosagerecommendedis1/2tabletofMadopa250threetimesdaily.32504Children:Theusualdoseis50to100mg/kg/daytotal,giveninfourequallydividedandspaceddoses.儿童：常用总剂量为每日50-100mg/kg体重，均分为四等份，等间隔给药。例5Therecommended is20mggivenasasingledailydose.推荐的首剂量为每20mg，一次服用。4、给药对象：最常见的用词有adolescents青少年intant(s)幼儿adult(s)成年人male男性baby(babies)婴儿newbornbaby(babies)children(chil)童弱患者儿科的elderlypregnantwomensenilepatient()年患者（病人）NamesofSomeDiseases Page10：Subject3.DiseasesTaskOne:Foot-and-mouthDiseaseTaskTwo:MadCowPanicswineflu:A(H1/N1)flubirdfluanemia,anaemia贫血appendicitis关节炎bronchitis癌chickenpox水痘cholera霍乱cold感冒,伤风,着凉diabetes糖尿病epilepsy癫痫erysipelas丹毒gangrene坏疽Germanmeasles,rubella风疹gout痛风headache 头痛hemiplegy,hemiplegiaicterus,黄疸indigestioninfluenza,流感insanity白血病malariamalnutrition营养不良Maltafevermeasles麻疹migraine,splittingemiocardialnmumps 流行性腮腺炎neuralgia神经痛neurasthenia神经衰paralysis麻痹腹膜炎pharyngitis咽炎phtisis痨,肺结核pneumonia 肺炎

肌梗塞rabies狂犬病rheumatism风湿病rickets,sitch疥疮scarlet猩红热sciaticasepticemia,septicaemiasinusitis窦炎smallpox天花swampfever沼地热syncope晕厥syphilis破伤风thrombosis血栓形成torticollis,stifftuberculosistumour,tumor瘤typhus斑疹伤寒

ckurticaria,swhoopingcough yellowfeverzona,shingles带状疮疹(参见MEDICINE)医学英语常用前缀和后缀：常用的前缀第一节表示无，抗，非的前缀一．a-,an-无，非。无可以进一步理解为离开，除去，脱去等无abacteria贫血（无血之意Abiosisabraehiaadaerya无指（趾）畸形，asendrie无树突的，adermotrophia皮肤萎缩（即无皮肤营养之意，adiaphoresis无汗症。否定asymmetercal不对称的，搏停止（心脏不收缩。Atactic（不协调拼音不能。离开aspiratio吸引（即吸除之意，aberrent迷走的（即离开正常途径的。An-在元音前用an-Anaerove厌氧菌，anamniotic胃蛋白酶缺anaplasiaanascitiaanastigmatic二，ab-去，离开，除abnormal不正常的（即背离正常的，abapical离尖的，离心尖的（尖以外的，心尖外的。Abarticulaabaxialabduct断奶（离开奶Abneural三．Ant-,anti对-,抗，取消，抑制，解除制酸剂，antipyreti解热剂，antibioti抗菌素，antispasmin解痉剂，→antiamylase抗淀粉酶，antieoagulant抗凝的。四．De-向下，减少，降低，除去，否定，离开，解除，脱去等deacidification酸作用，deactivationdeacylase脱酰基酶，ndeaminationdeaquationdeviatedecreasedescend下降，decimpose分解，decomprese减压，deficiencky不中，不全，缺乏，（非正常形态之意退行性变，变性（即背离正常性质）Decentration（即离开中心decerebrate去大deckorticatindefibrillaedefici短详细（deydisaggregation

位，disassociation分离，dischargediscomfortdisconnectdescriminatio辨别（含分开之意Disequilibriu不平衡。六．Il-,im-,in,r无，不无能力，inaccurate不溶解无作用，inanimate无营养的。im-Impossible不可能的，imperforationimpermeability非渗透性，imbalance不成熟的，impalpavleimpotency阳萎（阴茎不能勃起inpkutre不纯的。1hd养不良的。1Irregula不规则的，irreversibl不可逆的，irreducibl不可还原的，心律不齐，

可复苏的，irrhythmia心律失常，七．Non-非，无，不non-absorbent非吸收性的，nonacid非酸性的，nonallergli非变态反应性的，nondevelopment不发育，非导体，非免疫性的，noncongestivenonmotile非传杂nonhemolyticnonmetal非手术的，非外科和，nonspecific非特异性的，nonviable八．Un-不，非，无unavoidableunbalanceunknown不完全的，uncompementedundifferentiatin分化。常用后缀后缀在缀合法中只起改变词性的作用，不改变词根的含意。一、名词性后缀1、-agepercentagevoltaglavagegavagecurettage刮除法，shortage2、-cy表示抽象名词，accuracy准确，精确度，infancy婴儿期。3-ence-ancedifferencinterferenc存在，significance4、、-ancyytendencyyconstancy5携带者，beginnerreadershutter甲状腺肿。6-ics

神病学，obstetricssgnathostomatics口腔生理s7、-ian表示人称名词，physician医师，内科医师，technician技术员。8、-icatinsimpliffcatin化，类，分级，communication9绘bleeding出血，vomitin呕吐，softeninfunctioninpositioninmathching和……相配，imaging10-iooccasiondivisio分割，n11-ism孤独性。12-isspeciali

tt科学家，产科医师。13-izatio

管化，再通化，nimmunization组织，hospitalizatinnormalizatioketonizatio作用。14表示学科，morphology组织学，neurology学，embryologyradiologlaryngorhinolog喉鼻科学，直肠学，hexiology个体，生态学。15-mentinstrumenintegumentsegmentfragmentreplacementincrementdevelopment发育，显影，movement动作，活动，韧带，equipment设备，improvement改善。16-nesstendernesshardnessthickneseffectivenesusefulnesscoldness寒冷，dampness潮湿，darknessshallownesspermanentness永久，明亮。17rdonordirectofactooperator作者，手术者。18实验室，chemistry化学。19互联系。

互关系，相20真理。21yyresponsibilitycapacitmortalitmorbidit发y渗类似，相似。22-uree裂隙，裂，puncture穿刺，rupture破裂，structure结构，seizure发作，nomenclature名称，术语。二、形容词性后缀1、易兴备的，acceptablemovablealterablavailabl到的，uncomfortable不舒的。2、-al表示有……的属性，regional局部的natural自然的，special特别的，lterminatypicadigitltemperal暂时的，短暂的，capital首要的，重要的，vocal有声的，声带的，several几个，parasternal胸骨旁的。3-ansignificatpersistan持久的，坚（从动词persis来的resistan（自动词resis派生婴儿的，constant4-aregulamuscular环形的，圆的，anular环的。5、-ary表示与……有关的，ordinary平常的，通常的，anniversary周年的，voluntary自愿的，随意的。6