国际商务：国际贸易单元测试

一、单选题1DavidRicardo'stheoryofcomparativeadvantageexplainsglobaltradeintermsofthe firstmoveradvantagethatcertaincountriesandfirmsenjoygeographicaldifferencesbetweenvariouscountriesC.internationaldifferencesinlaborproductivityD.latemoveradvantagethatcertaincountriesandfirmspossess正确答案：C2、Whichofthefollowingtheoriesemphasizestheinterplaybetweentheproportionsinwhichthefactorsofproductionareavailableindifferentcountriesandtheproportionsinwhichtheyareneededforproducingparticulargoods?Porter'stheorySmith'stheoryC.Ricardo'stheoryD.Heckscher-Ohlintheory3Identifythetheorythatsupportstheviewthatinsomecasescountriesexportforthereasonthattheworldmarketcansupportonlyalimitednumberoffirms.A.Heckscher-OhlintheoryB.Smith'stheoryC.Ricardo'stheoryD.Newtradetheory正确答案：D4、WhichofthefollowingobservationsisconsistentwithMichaelPorter'stheoryofnationalcompetitiveadvantage?Factorssuchasdomesticdemandanddomesticrivalrydeterminenations'dominanceonproduction.CountriesshouldproduceonlythosegoodsforwhichtheyhaveacomparativeadvantageC.Interplaybetweenthefactorsofproductioncauseinternationalmarketingdecisions.D.Internationaldifferencesinlaborproductivitydeterminenations'supremacyinproduction.正确答案：A5、Whichofthefollowingisamajorflawassociatedwithmercantilism?A.MercantilistsdonotsupportgovernmentinterventionintradeB.Mercantilistsviewtradeasazero-sumgame.C.Mercantilistsrecommendpoliciestomaximizeimports.D.Mercantilistsrecommendcountriestomaintainanegativetradebalance.正确答案：B6Byloweringproductioncosts, helpdomesticproducerscompeteagainstforeignimports.subsidiesdutiesquotastariffs正确答案：A7、 isadirectrestrictiononthequantityofsomegoodthatmaybeimportedintoacountry.ImporttariffImportquotaImportsubsidyAdvaloremtariff正确答案：B8、 isaquotaontradeimposedbytheexportingcountry,typicallyattherequestoftheimportingcountry'sgovernment.export restraintSpecifictariff quotaTradereconciliationAdvaloremtariff正确答案：A9Accordingto ,somespecificfractionofagoodmustbeproduceddomestically.A.importquotasB.voluntaryexportrestraintsC.localcontentrequirementsD.antidumpingduties正确答案：C10、Administrativetradepoliciesare:requirementsthatsomespecificfractionofagoodbeproduceddomestically.quotasontradeimposedbytheexportingcountry.bureaucraticrules designedtomakeitdifficultforimportstoenteracountry.designedtopunishforeignfirmsthatengageindumping.正确答案：C二、判断题1、ThetheoriesofSmithandRicardoshowthatcountriesshouldnotengageininternationaltradeforproductsthatitisabletoproduceforitself.正确答案：×2Newtradetheorystressesthatinsomecasescountriesspecializeintheproductionandexportofparticularproductsbecausetheworldmarketcansupportonlyalimitednumberoffirms.正确答案：√3、Porter'stheoryofnationalcompetitiveadvantagerecommendsunrestrictedfreetradebetweencountries.正确答案：×4、Mercantilistdoctrineadvocatesunrestrictedfreetradebetweencountries.正确答案：×5、Theprincipleofmercantilismviewstradeasapositive-sumgame.正确答案：×6、Thetheoryofcomparativeadvantagesuggeststhattradeisapositive -sumgameinwhichallcountriesthatparticipaterealizeeconomicgains.正确答案：√7、Economiesofscaleareunitcostreductionsassociatedwithalargescaleofoutput.正确答案：√8、Exporttariffsarefarlesscommonthanimporttariffs.正确答案：√9、Bureaucraticrulesdesignedtomakeitdifficultforimportstoenteracountryarecalledlocalcontentrequirements.正确答案：×20、Antidumpingpoliciesaredesignedtopunishforeignfirmsthatareengagedindumping.正确答案：√2、Accordingtotheinfantindustryargument,manydevelopingcountrieshaveapotentialcomparativeadvantageinmanufacturing,butnewmanufacturingindustriescannotinitiallycompetewithestablishedindustriesindevelopedcountries.正确答案：√22、Strategictradepolicysuggeststhatagovernmentshouldusesubsidiestosupportpromisingfirmsthatareactiveinnewlyemergingindustries.正确答案：√23、Governmentsdonotalwaysactinthenationalinterestwhentheyinterveneintheeconomy;politicallyimportantinterestgroupsofteninfluencethem.正确答案：√/r/