词根和词缀总表

词根和词缀总表词根和词缀总表词根和词缀总表V:1.0精细整理，仅供参考词根和词缀总表日期：20xx年X月常见的前缀：under-:①belowundercharge索价低，undercoat底漆,underclothing内衣类,underdone半熟的，嫩的,undercurrent暗流②insufficientundermanned人员不足的,undernourished营养不良的,underpaid工资过低的underplay贬低…的重要性，对…轻描淡写的anti-=against反，对立antibody抗体anticraft防空dis-:todotheopposite,reversediscover,dissuade,disadvantage,dischargede-=(formingverbsandtheirderivatives)down;away［构成动词及其派生词］“向下”，“在远处”debase[base=low]v.贬低，贬值debris[bris=break]n.残骸，垃圾，碎片，岩屑decay[cay=fall]v./n.衰落，衰退，腐烂decease[cease=go]v./n.死亡decide[cide=cut]v.决定，决心despise[spise=look]v.轻视，蔑视detonate[ton=thunder]v.（使）爆炸devour[vour=eat]v.吞食，毁灭micro-:extremelysmallmicrocomputer,microscope,microphone,microsurgery常见的后缀：-fy:tocausesb./sth.tobecomeidentify—identification,modify—modification,purify—purification,beautify—beautification-ist:①=“人”feminist(n.)女权主义者;naturalist(n.)自然主义者;dentist(n.)牙医;pianist(n.)钢琴师-ist:②=“…主义的”capitalist(a.)资本家的;materialist(a.)唯物主义的;socialist(a.)社会主义的-ent=“具有…性质的”，用于构成形容词insistent(a.)坚持的;obedient(a.)服从的;prevalent(a.)流行的-ent=“人”correspondent(n.)通信者;president(n.)总统;resident(n.)居民–logy,-ology=studyof,scienceofanthropology,chronology,morphology,mythology,philology,psychology常见的词根：Chapter1alter,altru,ulter=otheralter改变；alternate交替，轮换；alternative两者选一；altruism利他主义pel,pell,puls=drive,beat,push驱，推，逐expel驱逐；除名;impel驱使;dispel驱散repel击退;repellent驱散剂compulsive不由自主的;compulsion冲动;compulsory规定的cid,cis=tocut切，杀suicide自杀;insecticide杀虫剂;pesticide农药;concise简明的;precision精密vert,vers=toturndivert转向;revert恢复原状;introvert性格内向的;extrovert性格外向的;traverse横跨;reverse逆转;diversify多样化;aversion厌恶;adverse有敌意的；advertise广告Chapter2log=tospeak说monologue独白;trilogy三部曲;prologue前言;analogy类比;eulogy颂歌;catalogue目录;apologize道歉，辩解tend,tent,tens=tostretch,spreadcontend竞争;intend意向;intensive集约的，强化的;content内容，满足;tendency倾向;tension张力;hypertension高血压;attendance出席luc,lumin,lustr,lux=light,shine光，照lucent透明的;translucent半透明的;lucid清澈的;illuminate阐明，照明;illustrate说明;luminary发光体，名人fug=toflee,escape逃，散fugitive逃亡的（者）;refugee难民;centrifuge离心;centrifugal离心的Chapter3part,parc,port=divide,partpartly;partition分隔物，隔墙；分割，瓜分;depart离开，启程;impart传授;compart把…分成若干部分;compartment分隔空间，（火车，客船的）隔间;particle(-icle小)粒子，微粒，小品词，虚词;portion,proportionleg,legis=lawlegal;legalize使…合法化;legislation立法;legislator议员;privilege特权nai,nat,nasc=tobebornnaivety天真;natal出生的;prenatal产前的;postnatal出生后的;neonate新生儿;natality出生率;innate天赋的Chapter4spec,spect,spic=tolookspectacle景象;perspective视角;retrospect回顾radic=root根eradicate根除fort=strong强的，强制fortress堡垒;enforce强制实施;effort努力lev=toraise,light,lighten提升，使轻而易举elevate升高;alleviate缓解;levitate悬浮Chapter5rod,ros=gnaw,bite咬，啮corrode腐蚀;anticorrosion防腐蚀lud/lus=toplay玩耍，游戏prelude前奏曲;delusion妄想;elusive难以捉摸的ply,pli,plic,plicit,plex=tofold,twist,bend,tangle,connect折，曲，弯，缠，连comply遵从;implicit隐含的;explicate解说;complex复杂的st,sta,stat=tostand站立status地位;stable稳定的;distance距离nov,novo=新novel新奇的;renovate革新;innovate创新Chapter6vis,vid=seevision;visual;supervise;televise;evident;provided;provident有预见的Chapter7tain=toholdattain;contain;detain拘留拦住;entertain;maintain;pertain属于关于;retainfic(fac的变体)=faceartificial;facial;interfacial界面的nounce=toreportannounce;pronounce;renounce宣布放弃ced=go.yieldintercede从中调停;precede领先;procedure步骤;recede后退减弱Chapter8ceiv,cei=totakeconceive;deceive;perceive;receive(v.)----conception,deception,perception,reception(n.)deceit(n.);receipt(n.)vers,vert=toturn(与chapter1重复)versatile;version;aversion;adverse敌对的,不利的;anniversary;converse;inversion;reverse;universal;convert;divert;introverted;extrovertedhibit=toholdexhibit;prohibithabit=todwellhabitat;cohabit;inhabitantChapter9al,alter,altern=other,tochangealternate交替;alternative二者择一ampl=largeamplify(v.)放大，扩大;amplifier(n.)扩音器，放大器;amplitude(n.)广大，宽阔chron(o)=timechronicle(n.)编年史;anachronism(n.)时代错误;synchronize(v.)同时发生;chronology(n.)年代学;chronometer(n.)精密计时器Chapter10nom,nomin,onym=namenominal(a.)名义上的;nominate(v.)提名，任命;homonymous(a.)同名的pseudonym(n.)假名;synonym(n.)同义词;antonym(n.)反义词min=toproject“伸出，突出”eminent(a.)杰出的，突出的;supereminent(a.)卓越的Chapter11flu=flow流动fluida.流质的;n.流体fluctuatev.上下移动;波动superfluousa.多余的,不必要的doc,dog,dox=teachdocileadj.顺从的；可教的（容易教导的）didacticadj.教训的，教诲的documentn.证件，文书，公文doc,dog,dox=teachdogman.教条orthodoxadj.正统的heterodoxadj.异端的dogmatism(n.):教条主义；武断[u]dogmatist(n.):教条主义者；武断的人dogmatize(v.):教条地或武断地表达 dogmatize(aboutsth)Chapter15lapse=slip,glide滑，落collapse[col-=com-(together)+lapse(slip,glide)→]n.倒塌；v.使倒塌（一起滑落）lapsen.失误,过失;小毛病relapsev./n.旧病复发vad=togoinvadev.侵略；侵袭pervade[per=through]v.遍布，弥漫wadev.跋涉，艰苦进行；n.跋涉（特别指在水中行走）flu-=flowfluidn.流体；adj.流质的affluentadj.富裕的,富足的affluencen.富裕confluentadj.汇合的confluencen.汇合处,汇流处,交汇处effluentadj.发出的,流出的effluencen.流出物influentadj.流入的，注入的influencen.影响；作用influentialadj.有影响的；有势力的fer=carry,bearferryn.defer[de-(down)+fer(carry)→]v.顺从，服从prefer[pre-(before)+fer(carry)→]v.更喜爱；宁可；偏爱transfer[trans-(across)+fer(carry)]v.转移sist=standassistv.出席，帮助consistv.组成resist[re-=back,against]v.抵抗，对抗，忍住；n.防杂剂；绝缘涂料Chapter17fer=carry,bringconfer商谈,infer推论，推断,refer查阅，参考,prefer更喜欢，宁愿,differ不同,suffer遭受，忍受,transfer转移，调动conference,inference,reference,preference,difference，fertile肥沃的，富饶的fertilizer肥料equ(i)=equalequal相等的，胜任的,equality,equator赤道,equation等式，方程式；均等,equivalent相等的，等价的；等价物，等值物，adequate足够的，充分的，恰当的pos,pon=putpose摆姿势；提出问题，阐述观点,compose组成，；创作（曲，诗歌等）,dispose处理，处置,expose暴露,oppose反对，反抗,propose提议，求婚purpose意图，用途,suppose假定，料想composition,disposal(disposition性情；倾向),exposure(exposition展览会，博览会),opposite,proposal(proposition主张，命题)，component组成的；成分，部件,compound混合的，复合的；混合物,postpone推迟，延迟,opponent对手，反对者；对立的，对抗的opt=chooseoptional可以选择的，非强制的,adopt采用收养,optimum最优，优选,optimism,乐观，乐观主义optimistic乐观的pass,path,pati=suffering,feeling痛苦，感情，忍耐passion热情，激情，pathetic哀婉动人的，可怜的，sympathy同情心，赞同sympathetic同情的，共鸣的，patience耐心忍耐，patient,impatient;compatible适合的，兼容的Chapter12graph,gram=somethingwrittenordrawn“写”，“画”autobiography[auto-(self)+bio(life)+graph(write)+y(n.)→]n.自传autographn.亲笔签名；亲笔稿calligraphy[calli-(beautiful)+graph(write)+y(n.)→]n.书法choreography[choreo-(dance)+graph(write)+y(n.)→]n.舞台舞蹈设计dictograph[dicto-(speak)+graph(write)→]n.窃听器,(电话)窃听器cryptogram[crypto(hidden)+gram(write)→]n.密码，暗号diagramn.图解，简图；示意图gramophone(=phonograph)n.留声机parallelogramn.平行四边形photograph[photo-(light)+graph(write)→]n.照片；v.给…拍照program[pro-(before)+gram(write)→]n.节目，程序（事先书写的东西）stenography[steno-(narrow)+graph(write)+y(n.)→]n.速写；速记telegramv.电报phon=sound,speech“声音”interphone n.内部电话;对讲机microphone n.扩音器，麦克风，话筒phonetics n.语音学phonovision(=phonevision)n.电话电视,有线电视saxophone n.萨克斯管symphony n.交响乐,交响曲telephone n.电话xylophone n.木琴spect=look,watch“看”(与chapter4重复)inspect[in-(into)+spect(look)→]v.检查,检验prospect[pro-(forward)+spect(look)→]n.预期，展望，前景respect[re-(again)+spect(look)→]n./v.尊敬，尊重retrospect[retro-(backward)+spect(look)→]n.回顾,回想spectator[spect(look)+at(v.)+or(n.)→]n.观众,旁观者spectacularadj.壮观的,雄伟的,引人入胜的spectaclen.壮观的场面或景象suspect[sus-=sub-(under)+spect(look)c]v.猜疑(是),怀疑(是),觉得(是)（猜疑 外表之下的东西）；n.犯罪嫌疑人Chapter19est,ger=tocarry,pass,produce传递，产生，举止，进行congest挤塞digest消化ingest摄入ced,ceed,cess=togo行，走，让步proceed前进，行进,succeed继任，完成vert,vers=toturn转向divert使转移，adverse有敌意的Chapter20merg=sink,dip,plunge沉，浸merge兼并 immerse浸入submerge下沉liber,liver=free自由deliver投递liberty自由deliverty交货，分娩med,medi=middle中间intermediate中级的median中间的not=know,mark认识noted著名的notify通知notorious声名狼藉的Chapter21legcollege,privilege,pledge(v.n.),knowledge,acknowledgeludeChapter22cur(r)=toruncurrency,current,incur招致惹起,occurstereo=solid,firm,hard;three-dimensionalstereophonic立体声的vok(e)=tocallrevoke(re-:back)Chapter26scend,scens,scent=toclimbascendancy(n.)优势;transcend(v.)超越;condescend(v.)屈尊俯就fin=end,boundary结束；范围finish(v.)完成，结束;finale(n.)结尾，终曲;confine(v.)限制，监禁;define(v.)限定flict=tostrike打击afflict(v.)使苦恼，折磨;conflict(n.)冲突gen(e),gener,geni(t)=birth,toproduce,race出生，产生；种族genus(n.)种类，类属;genius(n.)天才;homogeneous(a.)同种的;generate(v.)产生liter=letterliteracy(n.)识字，有文化;literate(a.)识字的;literary(a.)文学的;literature(n.)文学Chapter27apt,ept=tofit,suit适合，适应aptadj.（习性）易于adaptv.适应adeptadj./n.善于；能手aptituden.禀赋nate=borncognateadj.同族的，同起源的，同性质的neonate[neo=new]n.（未满月的）婴儿prenataladj.出生前的，胎儿期的ven,vent=comeconvenev.集合，召集circumvent[circum=around]v.胜过，规避，绕行contravene[contra=against]v.违反，反驳，抵触mort=deathmortaladj.终有一死的;不会长生不死的immortaladj.不死的，永生的，不朽的par-,para-=besideparablen.比喻，寓言paragraph[graph=write]n.段Chapter28duc(a)=tolead,tobring引导seducev.引诱deducev.推导inducev.诱导reducev.减少introducev.引进conduciveadj.有助于conductn.行为；引导viaductn.高架路ductn.导管inductv.就任abductv.诱拐deductv.扣除conductorn.指挥；导体spers=ersperse[inter-(between)+spers(scatter)→]v.散布，散置，穿插，点缀dom=①house房屋domen.圆顶；如圆顶的东西domesticadj.属于家的，家务的，驯良的，本国的domesticityn.家庭生活；家务；家事domicilen.家；住所；正式居住地semidomen.半圆屋顶②tame;rule统治domainn.领土；版图；所有地predominatev.占优势；掌握主权predominantadj.主要的；有势力的；杰出的predominancen.优越；支配；多数kingdomn.王国；国度，范围indomitableadj.不屈不挠的sequ=followsequentadj.连续的，结果的n.结果consequencen.结果，重要consecutiveadj.连续的，表示结果的soph=wise