考研考博-英语-广州科技职业技术大学押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广州科技职业技术大学押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.问答题

Thegardenistoosmallforaswimmingpool,(room)

【答案】Thereisnoroomforaswimmingpoolinthegarden.

2.单选题

Hewasreluctantbuthe_______becausehewantedtofindoutmoreabouttheirplansbeforegoingtothepolice.

问题1选项

A.playedalong

B.playeddown

C.playedabout

D.playedin

【答案】A

【解析】playalong合作,焦虑地等待;playdown降低,贬低;playabout玩耍;playin奏乐迎入。句意：他很不情愿但还是顺从了，因为他想在去警察局之前多了解一些他们的计划。选项A符合句意。

3.单选题

Formillionsofyearsbeforetheappearanceoftheelectriclight,shiftwork,all-nightcableTVandtheInternet,earth’screaturesevolvedinaplanetwithpredictableandreassuring24-hourrhythms.Ourbiologicalclocksaresetforthisdailycycle.Simply,ourbodieswanttosleepatnightandbeawakeduringtheday.Mostwomenandmenneedbetweeneightandeightandahalfhoursofsleepanighttofunctionproperlythroughouttheirlives.（Contrarytopopularbeliefhumansdon'tneedlesssleepastheyage.）

Butonaverage,Americanssleeponlyaboutsevenandahalfhourspernight,amarkeddropfromtheninehourstheyaveragedin1910.What’sworse,nearlyonethirdofallAmericansgetlessthansixhoursofsleeponatypicalworknight.Formostpeople,that’snotnearlyenough.

32.Findingwaystogetmoreandbettersleepcanbeachallenge.Scientistshaveidentifiedmorethan80differentsleepdisorders.Somesleepingdisordersaregenetic.Butmanyproblemsarecausedbystayinyuplateandbytravelingfrequentlvbetweentimezonesorbyworkingnights.Dr.JamesF.JonesatNationalJewishMedicalandResearchCenterinDenversaysthatsleepdisordersareoftendiagnosedasotherdiscomforts.Aboutonethirdofthepatientsreferredtohimwithpossiblechronicfatiguesyndromeactuallyhavetreatablesleepdisorders."Beforewedoanythingelse,welookattheirsleep.”Johnsays.

Sleepexpertssaythatmostpeoplewouldbenefitfromagoodlookattheirsleeppatterns.“Mymotto（座右铭）is'Sleepdefensively',"saysMaryCarskadonofBrownUniversity.Shesayspeopleneedtocarveoutsufficienttimetosleep,evenifitmeansgivingupotherthings.Sleeproutines—likegoingtobedandgettingupatthesametimeeveryday—areimportant.Pre-bedtimeactivitiesalsomakeadifference.AswithEisner,whousedtosufferfromsleeplessness,afewlifestylechanges——avoidingstimulantsandlatemeals,exercisinghoursbeforebedtime,relaxingwithahotbath-yieldbettersleep.

1.WhatisTRUEofhumansleep?

2.Forourbodiestofunctionproperly,weshould（）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,manysleepingdisordersarecausedby（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingmeasurescanhelpyousleepbetter?

5.“Sleepdefensively”meansthat（）.

问题1选项

A.Onaverage,peopleintheU.S.todaysleeplesspernightthantheyusedto.

B.Formostpeople,lessthansixhoursofsleeponatypicalworknightisenough.

C.Mostpeopleneedlesssleepwhentheygrowolder.

D.Mostpeopleneedsevenandahalfhoursofsleepeverynight.

问题2选项

A.adjustouractivitiestothenewinventions

B.beabletopredicttherhythmsofourbiologicalclocks

C.sleepforatleasteighthourspernight

D.believethatweneedlesssleepasweage

问题3选项

A.impropersleeppatterns

B.chronicfatiguesyndrome

C.otherdiseases

D.pre-bedtimeexercises

问题4选项

A.Havinglatemeals.

B.Travelingbetweentimezones.

C.Stayinguplate.

D.Takingahotbath.

问题5选项

A.peopleshouldsacrificeotherthingstogettingenoughsleepifnecessary

B.peopleshouldgiveupgoinguptobedandgettingupatthesametimeeveryday

C.peopleshouldgotoadoctorandhavetheirproblemsdiagnosed

D.peopleshouldexerciseimmediatelybeforegoingtobedeverynight

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。由第二段Butonaverage,Americanssleeponlyaboutsevenandahalfhourspernight,amarkeddropfromtheninehourstheyaveragedin1910.What’sworse,nearlyonethirdofallAmericansgetlessthansixhoursofsleeponatypicalworknight.Formostpeople,that’snotnearlyenough.但美国人平均每晚只睡7.5个小时，与1910年的平均9个小时相比有显著下降。更糟糕的是，近三分之一的美国人每晚的正常工作时间不足6小时。对大多数人来说，这还远远不够。可知A项“平均而言，现在美国人每晚的睡眠时间比过去少。”正确；B项“对于大多数人来说，工作的晚上，睡眠时间少于6小时就足够了。”错误。由第一段Mostwomenandmenneedbetweeneightandeightandahalfhoursofsleepanighttofunctionproperlythroughouttheirlives.(Contrarytopopularbeliefhumansdon'tneedlesssleepastheyage.)多数女性和男性每晚需要8到8个半小时的睡眠身体才能正常运转地度过一生。(与人们普遍认为的相反，随着年龄的增长，人类并不需要更少的睡眠。)可知C项和D项错误。

2.细节事实题。由Mostwomenandmenneedbetweeneightandeightandahalfhoursofsleepanighttofunctionproperlythroughouttheirlives.(Contrarytopopularbeliefhumansdon'tneedlesssleepastheyage.)多数女性和男性每晚需要8到8个半小时的睡眠身体才能正常运转地度过一生。(与人们普遍认为的相反，随着年龄的增长，人类并不需要更少的睡眠。)可知为了保持身体正常运转，我们应该保证至少8小时的睡眠。故C项正确。

3.推理判断题。由第三段“Butmanyproblemsarecausedbystayinyuplateandbytravelingfrequentlybetweentimezonesorbyworkingnights.但很多睡眠问题都是由熬夜、频繁的跨时区旅行或夜间工作造成的。”可知大部分睡眠问题是有不恰当的睡眠模式引起的。故A项正确。

4.推理判断题。由最后的一段Sleeproutines—likegoingtobedandgettingupatthesametimeeveryday—areimportant.Pre-bedtimeactivitiesalsomakeadifference.AswithEisner,whousedtosufferfromsleeplessness,afewlifestylechanges——avoidingstimulantsandlatemeals,exercisinghoursbeforebedtime,relaxingwithahotbath-yieldbettersleep.睡眠规律——比如每天在同一时间睡觉和起床——是很重要的。睡前活动也很重要。与艾斯纳一样，他过去也经常失眠，生活方式的一些改变——避免服用兴奋剂和晚吃饭、睡前几小时锻炼、泡热水澡放松——有助于睡眠。可知D项“睡前洗热水澡可以促进睡眠”正确。

5.推理判断题。由Sleepdefensively’,’’saysMaryCarskadonofBrownUniversity.Shesayspeopleneedtocarveoutsufficienttimetosleep,evenifitmeansgivingupotherthings.布朗大学的MaryCarskadon说，睡眠防守是她的座右铭，人们需要留出足够的时间睡觉，即使这意味着放弃其他事情。联系下文可知Sleepdefensively指代人们需要留出足够的睡觉时间。故A项正确。BD两项表述有误，C项与“睡眠防守”无关。

4.单选题

Evenifthegenesthemselvesarenotinitiallyhazardous,youdonotknowhowtheyaregoingtoevolve.

问题1选项

A.partially

B.originally

C.ultimately

D.fundamentally

【答案】B

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项partially“部分地；偏袒地”；B选项originally“最初，起初；本来”；C选项ultimately“最后；根本”；D选项fundamentally“根本地，基础地”。ultimately和fundamentally都有根本的意思，前者侧重于就结果方向而言，而后者侧重于从源泉方向讲。句意：即使基因本身……没有危险，你也不知道它们将如何进化。Evenif引导让步状语从句。由后面的关键信息youdonotknowhowtheyaregoingtoevolve.“你不知道它们将如何发展”，是在说基因之后的发展，所以按照逻辑关系，刚开始基因本身是没有危险的，但是之后经历过一些变化后就难以保证了。因此B选项符合题意。

5.单选题

ByaboutA.D.500theMoundBuilder（筑堤人）culturewasdeclining,perhapsbecauseofattacksfromothertribesorperhapsbecauseofsevereclimaticchangesthatunderminedagriculture.Tothewestanotherculture,basedonintensiveagriculture,wasbeginningtoflourish.Itscenterwasbeneathpresent-daySt.Louis,anditradiatedouttoencompassmostoftheMississippiwatershed,fromWisconsintoLouisiansandfromOklahomatoTennessee.Thousandsofvillageswereincludedinitsorbit.ByaboutA.D.700thisMississippianculture,asisknowntoarchaeologists,begantosenditsinfluenceeastwardtotransformthelifeofmostofthelesstechnologicallyadvancedwoodlandtribes.LiketheMoundBuildersoftheOhioregion,thesetribes,probablyinfluencedbyMeso-Americanculturesthroughtradeandwarfare,builtgiganticmoundsasburialandceremonialplaces.Thelargestofthem,risinginfourterracestoaheightofonehundredfeet,hasarectangularbaseofnearlyfifteenacres,largerthanthatoftheGreatPyramidofEgypt.BuiltbetweenA.D.900and1100thishugeearthworkfacesthesiteofapalisaded（用栅围护）Indiancitywhichcontainedmorethanonehundredsmallartificialmoundsmarkingburialsites.Spreadamongthemwasavastsettlementcontainingsome30000peoplebycurrentestimations.ThefinelycraftedornamentsandtoolsrecoveredatCahokia,asthiscenterofMississippicultureiscalled,includeelaborateceramics（陶器）finelysculptedstonework,carefullyembossedandengravedcopperandmica（云母）sheets,andonefuneralblanketfashionedfrom12000shellbeads.TheyindicatethatCahokiawasatrueurbancenter,withclusteredhousing,markets,andspecialistsintoolmaking,hide-dressing,potting,jewelry-making,weaving,andsalt-making.

1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?

2.Theparagraphprecedingthisonemostprobablydiscussed（

）.

3.InrelationtotheMississippianculture,theMoundBuilderculturewas

located（

）.

4.TheMississippiancultureinfluencedthecultureofthe（

）

5.Accordingtothepassage,themoundswereusedas（

）.

问题1选项

A.TheMississippianculture.

B.ThedeclineofMoundBuilderculture.

C.ThearchitectureofMeso-AmericanIndians.

D.Theeasternwoodlandstribes.

问题2选项

A.theMoundBuilderculture

B.warfareinAD500

C.thegeographyoftheMississippiarea

D.agricultureneartheMississippiRiver

问题3选项

A.inessentiallythesamearea

B.farthersouthalongthewatershed

C.totheeast

D.tothewest

问题4选项

A.easternwoodlandtribes

B.MoundBuilders

C.Meso-Americans

D.Egyptians

问题5选项

A.palacesfortheroyalfamilies

B.fortressesfordefense

C.centersforconductingtrade

D.placesforburyingthedead

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.主旨大意题。作者以时间为轴线介绍了密西西比文化。

2.推断题。第一句为:ByaboutA.D.500theMoundBuilder（筑堤人）culturewasdeclining,紧接着这种文化衰退的两个可能性的因素，进而又讲述了另一种文化的繁荣。因此推测上一段应该是关于'theMoundBuilderculture’。

3.细节题。文章介绍完‘筑堤人文化’之后接着说到‘Tothewestanotherculture/因此可以得知‘密西西比文化位于筑堤人文化的西边。

4.细节题。文章指出:begantosenditsinfluenceeastwardtotransformthelifeofmostofthelesstechnologicallyadvancedwoodlandtribes(密西西比文化开始向东影响大多数技术落后的林地部落的生活)。

5.细节题。文章指出:builtgiganticmoundsasburialandceremonialplaces(‘themounds'是用来做葬礼和祭祀的地方)。

6.单选题

Ininternationalmatches,prestigeissoimportantthattheonlythingthatmattersistoavoid（）.

问题1选项

A.frombeingbeaten

B.beingbeaten

C.beating

D.tobebeaten

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词搭配辨析。句意：在国际比赛中，声望是如此重要，唯一重要的就是避免被击败。avoid后面接动名词，avoiddoing，避免做某事，排除A，D；被击败应该是被动语态，beating是动名词的主动式，排除C。因此B选项正确。

7.单选题

Appliedresearch,_______tosolvespecificpracticalproblems,hasanimmediateattractivenessbecausetheresultscanbeseenandenjoyed.

问题1选项

A.formulated

B.undertaken

C.attained

D.accomplished

【答案】B

【解析】formulated按配方制造;undertaken从事,保证;attained获得;accomplished完成。句意：采用应用研究来解决实际问题具有直接的吸引力,因为它的结果是可以看到和享受的。选项B符合句意,

8.单选题

Atfirst,movieswerelittlemorethanamusingthatappearedtomove.

问题1选项

A.novels

B.novelties

C.notices

D.novices

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。novel“小说”；novelty“新奇的事物”；notice“通知”；novice“初学者”。句意：起初，电影只不过是似乎会移动的有趣的……。选项B符合题意。

9.单选题

ErnieBanks,thegreatestpower-hittingshortstopofthe20thcenturyandanunconquerableoptimist（）neverdimmedin19seasonswiththeperenniallystumblingChicagoCubs,diedFriday.

问题1选项

A.bywhichgloomydisposition

B.whosesunnydisposition

C.whichsunnydisposition

D.whosegloomydisposition

【答案】B

【解析】语法题。optimist意思是“乐观主义者”，后接定语从句对其进行修饰，从句中是指这个人的阳关开朗的性格，所以关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语。句意：厄尼•班克斯是20世纪最伟大最具力量的游击手，并且是一个无敌的乐观主义者，在周五去世了。他的阳关开朗的性格在为芝加哥小熊队效力的19个赛季并没有暗淡。选项B符合题意。

10.单选题

Wouldsuchadealfly?OnesourceclosetoHouseRepublicanstellsme:“Ithinkthey’dtakeit;they’reholdingnocardsatthemoment…Thecappingofdeductionswouldbeverymagnanimousandagoodwaytolaythegroundworkfornegotiatingrealtaxreform.”

问题1选项

A.magnificent

B.benevolent

C.prodigious

D.favoring

【答案】B

【解析】考查同义形容词辨析。A选项magnificent“高尚的，壮丽的，华丽的，宏伟的”；B选项benevolent“仁慈的，慈善的，亲切的”；C选项prodigious“惊人的，异常的，奇妙的，巨大的”；D选项favoring“有帮助的”。句意：这样的交易会成功吗？一位亲近众议院共和党人的消息人士告诉我：“我认为他们会接受”，他说：“他们现在手头没有任何筹码……对税收减免设定上限将是非常宽宏大量的，这是为谈判真正的税收改革奠定基础的好办法。”Magnanimous“宽宏大量的，有雅量的，宽大的”，B选项与该词意思最相近，因此B选项正确。

11.单选题

Ofallthecomponentsofagoodnight’ssleep,dreamsseemtobeleastwithinourcontrol.Indreams,awindowopensintoaworldwherelogicissuspendedanddeadpeoplespeak.Acenturyago,Freudformulatedhisrevolutionarytheorythatdreamswerethedisguisedshadowsofourunconsciousdesiresandfears,bythelate1970s,neurologistshadswitchedtothinkingofthemasjust“mentalnoise”therandombyproductsoftheneural-repairworkthatgoesonduringsleep.Nowresearcherssuspectthatdreamsarepartofthemind’semotionalthermostat,regulatingmoodswhilethebrainis“off-line”.Andoneleadingauthoritysaysthattheseintenselypowerfulmentaleventscanbenotonlyharnessedbutactuallybroughtunderconsciouscontrol,tohelpussleepandfeelbetter.“It’syourdream”saysRosalindCartwright,chairofpsychologyatChicago’sMedicalCenter.“Ifyoudon’tlikeit,changeit.”

Evidencefrombrainimagingsupportsthisview.ThebrainisasactiveduringREM(rapideyemovement)sleep-whenmostvividdreamsoccur-asitiswhenfullyawake,saysDr,EricNofzingerattheUniversityofPittsburgh.Butnotallpartsofthebrainareequallyinvolved,thelimbicsystem(the“emotionalbrain)isespeciallyactive,whiletheprefrontalcortex(thecenterofintellectandreasoning)isrelativelyquiet.“Wewakeupfromdreamshappyordepressed,andthosefeelingscanstaywithusallday”saysStanfordsleepresearcherDr.WilliamDement.

ThelinkbetweendreamsandemotionsshowsupamongthepatientsinCartwright’sclinic.Mostpeopleseemtohavemorebaddreamsearlyinthenight,progressingtowardhappieronesbeforeawaking,suggestingthattheyareworkingthroughnegativefeelingsgeneratedduringtheday.Becauseourconsciousmindisoccupiedwithdailylifewedon’talwaysthinkabouttheemotionalsignificanceoftheday’sevents-untilitappears,webegintodream.

Andthisprocessneednotbelefttotheunconscious.Cartwrightbelievesonecanexerciseconsciouscontroloverrecurringbaddreams.Assoonasyouawaken,identifywhatisupsettingaboutthedream.Visualizehowyouwouldlikeittoendinstead,thenexttimeitoccurs,trytowakeupjustenoughtocontrolitscourse.Withmuchpracticepeoplecanlearnto,literally,doitintheirsleep.

Attheendoftheday,there’sprobablylittlereasontopayattentiontoourdreamsatallunlesstheykeepusfromsleepingor“wewakeupinapanic,”CartwrightsaysTerrorism,economicuncertaintiesandgeneralfeelingofinsecurityhaveincreasedpeople’sanxiety.Thosesufferingfrompersistentnightmaresshouldseekhelpfromatherapist.Fortherestofus,thebrainhasitswaysofworkingthroughbadfeelings.Sleep-orratherdream-onitandyou’llfeelbetterinthemorning.

1.Researchershavecometobelievethatdreams（

）.

2.Byreferringtothelimbicsystem,theauthorintendstoshow

（

）.

3.Thenegativefeelingsgeneratedduringthedaytendto

（

）.

4.Cartwrightseemstosuggestthat

（

）.

5.WhatadvicemightCartwrightgivetothosewhosometimeshavebaddreams?

问题1选项

A.canbemodifiedintheircourses

B.aresusceptibletoemotionalchanges

C.reflectourinnermostdesiresandfears

D.arearandomoutcomeofneuralrepairs

问题2选项

A.itsfunctioninourdreams

B.themechanismofREMsleep

C.therelationofdreamstoemotions

D.itsdiffidencefromtheprefrontalcortex

问题3选项

A.aggravateinourunconsciousmind

B.developintohappydreams

C.persisttillthetimewefallasleep

D.showupindreamsearlyatnight

问题4选项

A.wakingupintimeisessentialtotheriddingofbaddreams

B.visualizingbaddreamshelpsbringthemundercontrol

C.dreamsshouldbelefttotheirnaturalprogress

D.dreamingmaynotentirelybelongtotheunconscious

问题5选项

A.Leadyourlifeasusual.

B.Seekprofessionalhelp.

C.Exerciseconsciouscontrol.

D.Avoidanxietyinthedaytime.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第一段第四句话提到“一位权威专家认为梦这种极度强烈的精神活动不仅能被控制，而且是有意识地控制，帮助我们入睡并且感觉更好”Andoneleadingauthoritysaysthattheseintenselypowerfulmentaleventscanbenotonlyharnessedbutactuallybroughtunderconsciouscontrol,tohelpussleepandfeelbetter，因此选项A“可以被更改”符合题意。

2.判断推理题。题目问的是“通过提到大脑边缘系统，作者想要说明什么问题”。文章第二段提到limbicsystem(大脑边缘系统)是情绪大脑（emotionalbrain），因此可以推断出作者在此处是想说明情绪与做梦之间的关系，选项C符合题意。

3.细节事实题。文章第三段第二句话提到“在上半夜往往会做不好的梦，然后再睡醒前梦开始变好。这种情况暗示人们在梦里解决白天产生的负面情绪”（Mostpeopleseemtohavemorebaddreamsearlyinthenight,progressingtowardhappieronesbeforeawaking,suggestingthattheyareworkingthroughnegativefeelingsgeneratedduringtheday），由此可知不好的感觉出现在入睡的较早阶段。选项D符合题意。

4.细节事实题。文章第四段提到“做梦的过程不一定是无意识的。Cartwright认为我们可以练习有意识地控制不断出现的噩梦。醒来后确定在梦中令你苦恼的事情，设想一下你想要的结局，等下次它再次出现，尝试在正好能控制它的过程的时候醒过来”（Cartwrightbelievesonecanexerciseconsciouscontroloverrecurringbaddreams.Assoonasyouawaken,identifywhatisupsettingaboutthedream.Visualizehowyouwouldlikeittoendinstead,thenexttimeitoccurs,trytowakeupjustenoughtocontrolitscourse），既然我们能够控制做梦的进程，说明梦境不一定是无意识的，而有可能是做梦的人有意识而为之。因此选项D符合题意。

5.细节事实题。文章最后一段第一句提到我们可能根本没有关注我们的梦（there’sprobablylittlereasontopayattentiontoourdreamsatall）；最后三句提到只有那些长期受噩梦折磨的人需要去咨询理疗师的建议，其他人的大脑可以自动消除不良情绪（thebrainhasitswaysofworkingthroughbadfeelings），也就是说按照往常那样来生活就可，选项A符合题意。

12.单选题

Classwas（）whentheprincipalcameintotellusthegoodnews.

问题1选项

A.starting

B.discussing

C.suspended

D.ended

【答案】B

【解析】句意:当校长进来告诉我们这个好消息的时候，全班正在讨论。

考查动词辨析。start开始；discuss讨论；suspend暂停，悬挂；end结束。因此B项符合句意。

13.单选题

Thetravelagencyhasafullprogramof（）,iftouristswishtovisitlocalplacesofinterest.

问题1选项

A.expeditions

B.excursions

C.explorations

D.propositions

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如果游客想游览当地的名胜古迹，旅行社有一套完整的短途旅行计划。

考查名词辨析。expedition远征，探险;excursion远足，短程旅行;exploration探测；proposition命题，提议。根据“当地的名胜古迹”可知四个选项中，B项正确。

14.单选题

Altruism,otherwiseknownashelpingbehavior,canbedefinedasbehaviorthatpromotesthewellbeingofotherswithoutconsciouslytakingaccountofself-interest.Batsonetal.statethat“egoisticallymotivatedhelpingisdirectedtowardtheend-stategoalofincreasingthe（

）ownwelfare”,while“altruisticallymotivatedhelpingisdirectedtowardtheend-stateofincreasingthe（

）welfare”.

问题1选项

A.helper’s...other’s

B.other’s...helper’s

C.helper’s...another’s

D.another’s...other’s

【答案】A

【解析】考查代词用法。表语空格处句意：利己主义者关心的是施助者的利益，利他主义者则关注他人的利益。先排除B和D选项。another“另一个”，不与定冠词the连用，因此A选项符合题意。

15.单选题

Betty,though（

）inmostthings,spentalotofmoneyonclothes.

问题1选项

A.economical

B.economic

C.excessive

D.extravagant

【答案】A

【解析】根据though可以推断,前后形成对比,表达意思相反,所以应填入economical节俭的,选项A正确。

16.单选题

Hetriedtowaveasidetheseissuesas（

）detailsthatwouldbesettledlaterafterhefinisheddealingwiththeimportantones.

问题1选项

A.versatile

B.trivial

C.preliminary

D.alternate

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项versatile“通用的，多才多艺的”；B选项trivial“琐碎的”；C选项preliminary“初步的”；D选项alternate“交替的，轮流的”。句意：他试图把这些问题当作鸡毛蒜皮的小事置之不理，等他处理完重要的问题后再解决。选项B符合句意。

17.单选题

Scarcelyhadtheboatreachedtheopenwater____itencounteredhighwindsandheavyseas.

问题1选项

A.than

B.as

C.when

D.since

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.than比B.as当……时候

C.when当……时候D.since自从……时候

【答案】C

【考查点】固定搭配

【解题思路】句首有scarcely“几乎不”，并且scarcely引导的句子使用了过去完成时，句意为“船驶到开阔的水域”；空格处为后半句的引导词，引导的句子使用的是一般过去时，句意为“它遇到了大风浪”，由此可知，本题考查的是固定搭配scarcely…when…“一……就……”。因此，C选项when“当……时候”符合要求。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项不符合原句搭配。

【句意】船刚开到开阔的水域，就遇到了大风浪。

18.单选题

Thewind______thecloudsandthesunwasagainvisible.

问题1选项

A.dispersed

B.distributed

C.displaced

D.displayed

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项dispersed“使分散；驱散”；B选项distributed“分发；散布”；C选项displaced“取代；移动”；D选项displayed“陈列；表露（特点、素质、情感）”。句意：风______云，又看得见太阳了。根据语境，这里指风把云吹散，A选项dispersed“使分散；驱散”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

19.单选题

Oursisasocietythattriestokeeptheworldsharplydividedintomasculineandfeminine,notbecausethatisthewaytheworldis,butbecausethatisthewaywebelieveitshouldbe.Ittakesunwaveringbeliefandconsiderableefforttokeepthisdivision.Italsoleadsustomakesomefairlyfoolishjudgments,particularlyaboutlanguage.

Becausewethinkthatlanguagealsoshouldbedividedintomasculineandfemininewehavebecomeveryskilledatignoringanythingthatwillnotfitourpreconceptions.Wewouldratherchangewhatwehearthanchangeourideasaboutthegenderdivisionoftheworld.Wewillcallassertivegirlsunfeminine,andsupportiveboyseffeminate,andtrytochangethemwhilestillretainingourstereotypesofmasculineandfemininetalk.

Thisiswhysomeresearchonsexdifferencesandlanguagehasbeensointeresting.Itisanillustrationofhowwrongwecanbe.Ofthemanyinvestigatorswhosetouttofindthestereotypedsexdifferencesinlanguage,fewhavehadanypositiveresults.Itseemsthatourimagesofserioustaciturn(沉默的)malespeakersandgossipygarrulous(饶舌)femalespeakersarejustthat:images.

Manymythsassociatedwithmasculineandfemininetalkhavehadtobediscardedasmoreresearchhasbeenundertaken.Iffemalesdousemoretrivialwordsthanmales,stoptalkinginmid-sentence,ortalkaboutthesamethingsoverandoveragain,theydonotdoitwheninvestigatorsarearound.

Noneofthesecharacteristicsoffemalespeechhavebeenfound.Andevenwhensexdifferenceshavebeenfound,thequestionarisesastowhetherthedifferenceisintheeye-orear-ofthebeholder,ratherthaninthelanguage.

Pitchprovidesoneexample.Webelievethatmalesweremeanttotalkinlowpitchedvoicesandfemalesinhighpitchedvoices.Wealsobelievethatlowpitchismoredesirable.Well,ithasbeenfoundthatthisdifferencecannotbeexplainedbyanatomy.

Ifmalesdonotspeakinhighpitchedvoices,itisnotusuallybecausetheyareunabletodoso.Thereasonismorelikelytobethattherearepenalties.Maleswithhighpitchedvoicesareoftentheobjectofridicule.Butpitchisnotanabsolute,forwhatisconsideredtherightpitchformalesvariesfromcountrytocountry.

1.Thepassageimpliesthattheauthor’sattitudetowardsthedivisionoffemininetalkandmasculinetalkis______.

2.Whatdoestheword“effeminate”(Para2)mean?

3.Theauthorusespitchasanexampleinordertoindicate______.

4.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtothestereotypeoffemininetalk?

5.Malesdonotspeakloudlybecause______.

问题1选项

A.assertive

B.snobbish

C.approving

D.critical

问题2选项

A.Unfeminine.

B.Powerful.

C.Obedient.

D.Unmasculine.

问题3选项

A.thatpitchisnotagoodexampletoexplainthesexdifferencesinlanguage

B.thatmalesshouldtalkinlowpitchedvoicesandfemalesinhighpitchedvoices

C.thatsexdifferencesinlanguagecannotbewellillustrated

D.thatsexdifferenceslieineyeorearofthebeholder,ratherthaninthelanguage

问题4选项

A.Alwaysusingtrivialwords.

B.Repeatthesamethingoverandover.

C.Stoptalkingwhenthesentenceisnotfinished.

D.Noneoftheabove.

问题5选项

A.malesareunabletodoso

B.malesareafraidofbeinglaughedat

C.highpitchisacharacteristicoffemalespeechratherthanmalespeech

D.anatomyhasprovedthatmalestendtohavelowerpitchesthanfemales

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.【选项释义】

1.Thepassageimpliesthattheauthor’sattitudetowardsthedivisionoffemininetalkandmasculinetalkis______.1.这篇文章暗示了作者对女性话语和男性话语划分的态度是______。

A.assertiveA.肯定的，独断的

B.snobbis