其他考试相关-模考试卷一

答案DNotby…but知识点答案EA.B-.SentenceC.逻辑主语不对答案Dacer搭桥型，premise，conclusion笔记5/41-InInthefourteenthandfifteenthcenturies,manyWesternPueblosettlementsinwhatisnowthesouthwesternUnitedStatesmayhavepossesseddistinctlyhierarchical anizationalstructures.Thesecommunities'agriculturalsystems-whichwere"intensive"intheuseoflaborratherthan"extensive"inarea-mayhavegivenrisetopolit-icalleadershipthatmanagedbothlaborandfoodresources.ThatformalmanagementoffoodresourceswasneededissuggestedbythelargesizeofstoragespaceslocatedaroundsomecommunalGreatKivas(undergroundceremonialchambers).Thoughnodirectevidenceexiststhatsuchspaceswereusedtostorefood,WesternPueblocommunitieslackingsufficientarablelandtosupporttheirpopulationscouldhave thenecessaryextrafood,includingimportedfoodstuffs,insuchapparentlycommunalspaces.Moreover,evidenceofspecializationinproducingrawmaterialsandinmanufacturingceramicsandtextilesindicatesdifferentiationoflaborwithinandbetweencommunities.The anizationalandmanagerialdemandsofsuchspecializationstrengthenthepossibilitythatadecision-makingeliteexisted,anelitewhosecontroloverlabor,theuseofcommunitysurpluses,andtheacquisitionofimportedgoodswouldhaveledtoaconcentrationofeconomicresourcesintheirownhands.Evidencefordifferentialdistributionofwealthisfoundinburialsoftheperiod:someincludelarge tiesofpottery,jewelry,andotherartifacts,whereasothersfromthesamesiteslackanysu Premise有些墓里有大量，而有些墓里没有Conclusion分配不若要推出此结论，当中有隐藏的assumption：墓里的就是个人所有的。D选项此assumption答案笔记解析：细节题，定位。ThatformalmanagementoffoodresourceswasneededissuggestedbythelargesizeofstoragespaceslocatedaroundsomecommunalGreatKivas(undergroundceremonialchambers).说明即用来做仪式，又用来。答案笔记thefourteenthandfifteenthcenturies,manyWesternPueblosettlementsinwhatisnowthesouthwesternUnitedStatesmayhavepossesseddistinctlyhierarchical anizationalstructures.答案笔记答案Eby...by..andby.平行结构D.thatis知识答案E1现象2：学生的人数增加，教师的人数在增解释为什么教师数量并不短缺。E笔记InInrecentyears,Westernbusinessmanagershavebeenheedingtheexhortationsofbusinessjournalistsandacademicstomovetheircompaniestowardlong-term,collaborative"strategicpartnerships"withtheirexternalbusinesspartners(e.g., rs).Theexperts'advicecomesasanaturalreactiontonumerousstudiesconductedduringthepastdecadethatcomparedJapaneseproductionandsupplypracticeswiththoseoftherestoftheworld.Thelinkbetweenthesuccessofacertainwell-knownJapaneseautomakeranditseffectivemanagementofits rs,forexample,hasledtoanunquestioningbeliefwithinWesternmanagementcirclesinthevalueofstrategicpartnerships.Indeed,intheautomobilesectorallthreeUnitedStatesmanufacturersandmostoftheirEuropeancompetitorshavelaunchedprogramstoreducetheirtotalnumber rsandmovetowardhavingstrategicpartnershipswitharrelationshipsinvariousindustriesdemonstratesthatwidespreadassumptionofWesternmanagersandbusinessconsultantsthatJapanesefirmsmanagersprimarilythroughstrategicpartnershipsisunjustified.NotonlydoJapanesefirmsappeartoconductafarsmallerproportionoftheirbusinessthroughstrategicpartnershipsthaniscommonlybelieved,buttheyalsomakeextensiveuseof"market-exchange"relationships,inwhicheitherpartycanturntothemarketplaceandshifttodifferentbusinesspartnersatwill,apracticeusuallyassociatedwithWestern第一段说的观点：企业得益于供应商合作；第二段转折之后，企业采用合作方式的比例远答案笔记tonumerousstudiesconductedduringthepastdecadethatcomparedJapaneseproductionandsupplypracticeswiththoseoftherestoftheworld.答案笔记解析：inorderto题型。解题思路为前后文联系，该句子中有明显的标志性词汇forexample此论点在hasledtoanunquestioningbeliefwithinWesternmanagementcirclesinthevalueofstrategicpartnerships.即支持了strategicpartnership这一商业行为的价值。答案笔记应用题。makeextensiveuseof"market-exchange"relationships,inwhicheitherpartycanturntothemarketplaceandshifttodifferentbusinesspartnersatwill,apracticeusuallyassociatedwithWesternmanufacturers.找出一个选项可以对应变换商业合作伙伴答案笔记答案E解析：Premise1:老的抗生素药疗程未7天，很 3天之后就停止服用，导致重 Premise23Conclusion:使用新的抗生素药的话，重新的概率会降低。A．有些人对老抗生素和新抗生素都过敏，此选项和重新无关cost成本，与argumentstrep之外的，与argument无大多数三天之后就感觉到完全恢复，无论服用新的或老的抗生素。此选项对Premise1有所加强，解释了为什么很多3天之后就停止服用了。笔记答案D解析：AscrubjaycanrememberandA.B.C.不符合平行结构D.tendtodo， ngE. ng答案C解析：1.6billionit指代populationtheyD．E使得supass笔记答案E解析：目的：为了减少每年总的污染物排放量。Premise：199490搭桥型Assumption：总量和人均之间少了人数的考量。笔记答案ABmakeanoffer ngC.themD．Enotoneof…areexpected,主谓不一致。笔记答案D解析：SpanishpoetJuanRamonJimenezwassoembarrased…答案EAthisBwhichCthey指代不清，而且句子结构run-Draised过去分词修饰fears，表示已经完成的状态，逻辑意思不符合，withETSprefer的结构，经常表示伴随状态，这里逻Ethebest，现在分词做结果状语。Fear答案解析：主语为ImagesofHindudeitiesdate和EAfashionEmpireB错误同C错误同Dfashionedeither or either放在动词前面。E答案E解析：Premise装了缆车，Subconclusion旅游业增加Premise1：大量的游客会加速一个地点的破坏。Conclusion：originalpopulation笔记答案C解析：GiuseppeAlessiisan plishedscholar（and）hisinspiration（is）fromtheidyllicfrescoesofEtruscantombs.知识答案C解析：M有对抗细菌的的作用。原因无法产生M的小白鼠没有显示以下行为：细菌之后，N的浓度上升。问无M，则N知识答案A 的稻米，以减少秋天blackbird的数量。Someresidents 认为可能毒死一些稀有的迁徙鸟类。然而，agency同意了农民的计划。问支持agency，即支持农民的计划。A.blackbird是第一批来的鸟，那么blackbird可以毒稻米，则避免了毒死其它的鸟类，从而削弱some知识Researchersstudyinghowgenescontrolanimalbehaviorhavehadtodealwithmanyuncertainties.Intheplace,mostbehaviorsare ernedResearchersstudyinghowgenescontrolanimalbehaviorhavehadtodealwithmanyuncertainties.Intheplace,mostbehaviorsare ernedbymorethanonegene,anduntilrecentlygeneticistshadnomethodforidentifyingthemultiplegenesinvolved.Inaddition,evenwhenasinglegeneisfoundtocontrolabehavior,researchersindifferentfieldsdonotnecessarilyagreethatitisa"behavioralgene."Neuroscientists,whoseinterestingeneticresearchistounderstandthenervoussystem(whichgeneratesbehavior),definethetermbroadly.Butethologists—specialistsinanimalbehavior—areinterestedinevolution,sotheydefinethetermnarrowly.Theyinsistthatmutationsinabehavioralgenemustalteraspecificnormalbehaviorandnotmerelymakethe anismill,sothatt eticallyinducedbehavioralchangewillprovidevariationthatnaturalselectioncanactupon,possiblyleadingtotheevolutionofanewspecies.Forexample,inthefruitfly,researchershaveidentifiedt eShaker,mutationsinwhichcausefliestoshakeviolentlyunderanesthesia.Sinceshakingisnothealthy,ethologistsdonotconsiderShakerabehavioralgene.Incontrast,ethologistsdoconsidert eperiod(per),whichcontrolsthefruitfly'scircadian(24-hour)rhythm,abehavioralgenebecausefileswithmutatedpergenesarehealthy;theysimplyhavedifferentrhythms.evenwhenasinglegeneisfoundtocontrolabehavior,researchersindifferentfieldsdonotnecessarilyagreethatitisa"behavioralgene."说明不同领域的科学家对此Neuroscientists.ethologistsSinceshakingisnothealthyethologistsdonotconsiderShakerabehavioralgene，相反,Neuroscientists认为是behavioralgene答案笔记解析问下面哪一个选项最有可能影响ethologist对behaviroalgene的判断。定位于Theyinsistthatmutationsinabehavioralgenemustalteraspecificnormalbehaviorandnotmerelymakethe anismill。C.同义重述，only答案笔记 为"behavioralgene."，不同领答案笔记答案DA.如主BC.beingC.每个人都需要一个visalandingcardE.为每个人都需要visascards,知识答案C句子意思不合理：表时间的副词结构now和atanytimeintheirproductionhistory较，现代科技能使小比较结构中，用that,those重复，而不用D.E.tomakemorefuelefficientsmallcars知识答案D解析：tworks与study较对象对等 Bthat指代study必C.E比较对象不对等笔记答案E的有的后面应该加名词不应加句子，DE的not和but后面都是bylike后面只能跟名词或者名词性短语，表示比较。as指代前面一句话，还原即Thepushf precisioninmeasuringtimewasmotivatedbycomplicatedphilosophicalquestionsaboutthenatureofmatteranduniversehasbeenthecasemorerecentlyas指代前面整件事情,而且as强调的是动作，like强调物体的性质笔记答案E解析：假设题。Premise1:一个理论非真即假Premise2:P理论为假Premise3：C论和P论不一致Conclusion:C理论为真Assumption为E，两个不一致的理论不可能都为假。把E取非，则结论笔记(ThispassageisexcerptedfrommaterialpublishedinWhereasUnitedStateseconomicproductivitygrewatanannualrateof3percentfrom1945to1965,ithasgrownatanannualrateofonlyabout1percentsincetheearly1970's.Whatmightbepreventinghigherproductivitygrowth?Clearly,themanufacturingsectoroftheeconomycannotbeblamed.Since1980,productivityimprovementsinmanufacturinghavemovedtheUnitedStatesfromapositionofacutedeclineinmanufacturingtooneofworldprominence.Manufacturing,however,constitutesarelativelysmallproportionoftheeconomy.In1992,goods-producingbusinessesemployedonly19.1percentofAmericanworkers,whereasservice-producingbusinessesemployed70percent.Althoughtheservicesectorhasgrownsincethelate1970's,itsproductivitygrowthhasdeclined.Severalexplanationshavebeenofferedforthisdeclineandforthediscrepancyinproductivitygrowthbetweenthemanufacturingandservicesectors.Oneisthattraditionalmeasuresfailtoreflectservice-sectorproductivitygrowthbecauseithasbeenconcentratedinimprovedqualityofservices.Yettraditionalmeasuresofmanufacturingproductivityhaveshownsignificantincreasesdespitetheundermeasurementofquality,whereasserviceproductivityhascontinuedtostagnate.Othersarguethatsincethe1970's,manufacturingworkers,facedwithstrongforeigncompetition,havelearnedtoworkmoreefficientlyinordertokeeptheirjobsintheUnitedStates,butserviceworkers,whoaretypicallyunderlessglobalcompetitivepressure,havenot.However,thepressureonmanufacturingworkersintheUnitedStatestoworkmoreefficientlyhasgenerallybeenoverstated,oftenforpoliticalreasons.Infact,whilesomemanufacturingjobshavebeenlostduetoforeigncompetition,competition,manymorehavebeenlostsimplybecauseofslowgrowthindemandformanufacturedYetanotherexplanationblamesthefederalbudgetdeficit:ifitwerelower,interestrateswouldbelowertoo,therebyincreasinginvestmentinthedevelopmentofnewtechnologies,whichwouldspurproductivitygrowthintheservicesector.Thereis,however,nodearthoftechnologicalresources;rather,managersintheservicesectorfailtotakeadvantageofwidelyavailableskillsandmachines.Highproductivitygrowthlevelsattainedbyleading-edgeservicecompaniesindicatethatservice-sectormanagerswhowiselyimplementavailabletechnologyandchooseskillfulworkerscansignificantlyimprovetheircompanies'productivity.Theculpritsforservice-sectorproductivitystagnationaretheforces—suchascorporatetakeoversandunnecessaryernmentalregulation—thatdistractmanagersfromthetaskofmakingoptimaluseofavailable解析：逻辑削弱题。原文的argument为ifitwerelower,interestrateswouldbelowertootherebyincreasinginvestmentinthedevelopmentofnewtechnologies,whichwouldspurproductivitygrowthintheservicesectorE选项对此做了削弱，若制造业的生产率和服务业的生产率同样会被interestrate所影响，则不会造成discrepancy答案笔记解析：定位Othersarguethatsincethe1970's,manufacturingworkers,facedwithstrongforeigncompetition,havelearnedtoworkmoreefficientlyinordertokeeptheirjobsintheUnitedStates…However,thepressureonmanufacturingworkersintheUnitedStatestowork/r/