2026届新高考英语热点冲刺复习：定语从句

2026届新高考英语热点冲刺复习定语从句DiscoveringUsefulStructures一、定语

This

is

a

cat.

This

is

a

white

cat.定语：把名词“定住”，翻译“…的”1.定义：用来修饰描述名词/代词的品质和特征一、定语2.定语位置：前置：位于所修饰名词前；“单词+名词”后置：位于所修饰名词后；“名词+短语/从句”充当前置定语的单词：形容词、名词、代词、数词、单个现在分词和过去分词、动名词充当后置定语的短语/从句：介词短语、形容词短语、现在分词短语、过去分词短语、动词不定式短语、定语从句一、定语A

small

dog.A

history

book.My

car

is

parked

outside.Two

students

are

absent

today.The

running

man

is

fast.The

broken

window

needs

to

be

repaired.I

need

a

running

shoe.The

book

on

the

table

is

mine.A

book

useful

for

the

future.A

boy

reading

a

book.A

project

finished

by

her.The

way

to

solve

the

problem.This

is

a

white

cat

that

like

acquiring

new

knowledge.找出下列定语：small

形容词history名词My代词Two数词running现在分词broken

过去分词running动名词on

the

table介词useful

for

the

future形容词finished

by

her过去分词to

solve

the

problem

动词不定式reading

a

book现在分词定语从句二、定语从句This

is

a

white

cat

that

like

acquiring

new

knowledge.定语从句：用句子作定语把句子“定住”1.定义：在主从复合句中，修饰限定某一_____________的句子，叫定语从句。定语从句在复合句中相当于________，在句中作定语，故又称为形容词性从句。形容词名词或代词二、定语从句This

is

a

white

cat

that

like

acquiring

new

knowledge.先行词：指被定语从句修饰的____________，通常为名词（如人、物、地点、时间等），也可以是整个主句的内容。关系词：引导定语从句，替代先行词,并在从句中充当_____________________________根据其用法分为关系代词和关系副词。2.结构:先行词+关系词+定语从句名词或代词主语、宾语、定语或状语。你的标题点击此处输入你的具体文本说明点点击此处输入点击此处先行词在从句中所作成分关系代词人主宾定物主宾定人/物主/宾who/thatwho/whom/that/省略whose(=ofwhom)that/whichthat/which/省略whose（of

which）关系代词as先行词

在从句中所作成分关系副词时间名词时间状语地点名词地点状语reason原因状语whywhenwhere=介词+which关系副词主句和从句不用逗号隔开主句和从句用逗号隔开与先行词关系密切与先行词关系不密切去掉后句意不完整是一种补充说明，删除后不影响整个句意可以用that不可以用that定语从句的种类ThisistheschoolwhereIstudiedtenyearsago.

Heboughtahouse,whoseroofwaspaintedred.限制性非限制性drills用that和which填空1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_______wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree______isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything______Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel______Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld______canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_______isreadingunderthetree?7.Hewroteabook,_______isonhowtolearnEnglishwell.8.Thisistheplacein________LuXunusedtolive.thatthatthatthatthatthatwhichwhichdrills1)Herearesomeofthepeople________homesweredestroyedbythetyphoon"2)Theterribleshakingofthebuildingwokeupallthepeople_______wereasleep.3)Thenextday,peopleputupsheltersintheopenairusinganything________theycouldfind.4)Severaldayslater,mostofthebuildings_____________hadbeendamagedbythehurricanewererepaired.5）Theinjuredboy_________motherwaslostin

thedisasterwastakentothehospital.that/whichthat

whowhosewhose二、定语从句

3.关系代词的用法(1)关系代词that

典型用法先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much,few,none等不定代词时。I'vedoneeverything_______Icantohelpyou.我已尽我所能帮助你。that二、定语从句(1)关系代词that

典型用法先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。Thisisthefirstbook_______Iboughtwithmyownmoney.这是我用自己钱买的第一本书。Sheisthemostbeautifulgirl_______Ihaveeverseen.她是我见过最美的女孩。thatthat二、定语从句(1)关系代词that

典型用法先行词被thevery/only/same/last,all,no等特定词修饰时。Heistheonlyperson_______cansolvethisproblem.他是唯一能解决这个问题的人。Thisistheveryhouse________Igrewupin.这正是我长大的房子。thatthat二、定语从句

(1)关系代词that

典型用法先行词中既有人又有物的名词时。Theytalkedaboutthepeopleandthings______theyremembered.他们谈论了记得的人和事。that二、定语从句

(1)关系代词that

典型用法主句以who/which开头的疑问句为了避免重复时。Whoistheman______isstandingoverthere?站在那边的人是谁？Whichisthebook_______youwant?哪本是你想要的书？thatthat二、定语从句(1)关系代词that

典型用法注意空格前边有逗号为标志，不能用that，that不引导非限制性定语从句。Hewaslateagain,______madehisteacherveryangry.他又迟到了，这次这让他的老师非常生气。which二、定语从句(1)关系代词that

典型用法当先行词是theway

在句中作方式状语时，后面用that或者inwhich或者省略that。Theway

_____________

hehandledthesituationimpressedme.他处理情况的方式给我留下了深刻印象。Theway

__________

hehandledthesituationimpressedme.他处理情况的方式给我留下了深刻印象。inwhich(that)二、定语从句(1)关系代词that

典型用法注意：关系代词that作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。Thebook

_________

Ireadlastnightwasfascinating.我昨晚读的书很精彩。(that)二、定语从句(2)关系代词which典型用法引导限制性定语从句（不用逗号分隔）,先行词指物。Youshouldselecttheoption

_______

bestsuitsyourrequirements.你要挑选最符合你需求的选项。which

二、定语从句(2)关系代词which典型用法引导非限制性定语从句（用逗号和主句分隔），先行词可以是一个名词，也可以指代前面整个主句的内容。Thebook,

_________

readlastnight,isextremelycaptivating.我昨晚读的那本书特别吸引人。Sheresignedfromherjob,________wasquiteunexpected.她辞去了工作，这十分出人意料。which

which

二、定语从句(2)关系代词which典型用法用于“介词+which”结构。Thecity_________

Iwasbornislocatedinthesouthernpartofthecountry.我出生的城市位于这个国家的南部。inwhich二、定语从句(2)关系代词which典型用法注意：空格前出现逗号，也可能用关系代词who/whom（先行词指人）或where（从句不缺少主语或宾语）。ElonMusk,______

foundedSpaceX,isawell-knownentrepreneur.埃隆・马斯克创立了太空探索技术公司，他是一位著名的企业家。Thiscafé,________

weoftenhavemeetings,offersfreeWi-Fi.这家咖啡馆，我们经常在那里开会，提供免费的无线网络。whowhere二、定语从句(3)关系代词who、whom、whose典型用法who用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语，先行词指人，可以与that替换。Sheisthegirl________wonthefirstprizeinthecompetition.她就是在比赛中获得一等奖的那个女孩。who/that二、定语从句(3)关系代词who、whom、whose典型用法注意Anyonewho…以及Those

who…句型。Anyone______

breakstherulewillbepunished.任何违反规则的人都会受到惩罚。Those________

lovereadingoftenhaverichinnerworlds.热爱阅读的人往往有丰富的内心世界。whowho二、定语从句(3)关系代词who、whom、whose典型用法whom用作关系代词，引导限制性和非限制性，在定语从句中作宾语，先行词指人，可以与that替换。作宾语，可以省略。Thegirl_______

yousawatthepartyisafamoussinger.你在派对上看到的那个女孩是位著名歌手。Theauthor,________thestudentsadmire,gaveaspeech.那位受学生钦佩的作家做了演讲。whomwhom二、定语从句(3)关系代词who、whom、whose典型用法whom可以用于“介词+关系代词”结构，who不能。Thisistheprofessor__________

Ilearnedalot.这就是我从他身上学到很多东西的教授。fromwhom二、定语从句(3)关系代词who、whom、whose典型用法whose既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中作定语，“whose＋名词”表示“某人的，某物的，”（先行词和whose后的名词是所属关系）。Do

youknowtheboy______

handwritingisverybeautiful?你认识那个书法非常漂亮的男孩吗？whose二、定语从句(3)关系代词who、whom、whose典型用法在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时，“whose＋名词”可用“the＋名词＋ofwhich”或“ofwhich＋the＋名词”来代替。I'dlikearoom

whosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.我想要一个窗户朝向大海的房间。→I'dlikearoom,_________________

looksoutoverthesea.→I'dlikearoom,_________________

looksoutoverthesea.thewindowofwhichofwhichthewindow二、定语从句(4)关系代词as典型用法as引导限制性定语从句的用法作从句的主语、宾语，as不可省略，用于such…as…,so…as…,thesame…as…句型。Don’ttrustsuchpeople_____

praiseyoutoyourface.不要相信当面表扬你的这种人。Theyhaveneverreadsomanybooks______

Ireadlastyear.他们从来都没有读过像我去年读过的那些书。asas二、定语从句(4)关系代词as典型用法which和as引导非限制性定语从句用法区别：①位置上：which从句只能位于主句之后；as从句位于主句的前、中、后；②逻辑上：which强调前后不一；as

强调前后逻辑一致，“正如”；Asisoftenthecase,girlslikedollswhileboyslikeguns.Hesoldhisnewcar,whichmademesurprised.二、定语从句as从句多含有see,know,expect,tell,report等动词。asanybodycansee正如人人都能看到的那样；asiswellknown＝asisknowntoall众所周知；aswehadexpected正如我们所预料的那样；asisoftenthecase正如经常发生的那样；asismentionedabove正如上面提到的二、定语从句Asisknowntoall,TaiwanbelongstoChina.众所周知，台湾属于中国。（as引导非限制性定语从句且位于句首）Taiwan,asisknowntoall,belongstoChina.众所周知，台湾属于中国。（as引导非限制性定语从句且位于句中）Shehasmarriedagain,aswasexpected.不出所料，她又结婚了。（as引导非限制性定语从句且位于句末）summary关系代词关系词先行词在从句所做成分thatwhichwhowhomwhose指物和人指物指人指物和人主语或宾语主语或宾语主语或宾语宾语定语drills用合适的关系代词填空1.Lookatthegirl_________issingingsobeautifully.2.Hegavemeapen___________heboughtlastweek.3.Maryhasreadallthebooks______Ilenther.4.Jimistheboy______hatisred.5.Doyouknowthewoman______ourteacheristalkingto?6.____

everyoneknows,Chinaisabeautifulcountrywithalonghistory.who/thatthat/whichthatwhosewhomAsdrills用合适的关系词填空1.Sheisalwaysworkinghard，____everyonecansee.2.Thebook，______Iboughtyesterday,isveryinstructive.3.______everyonecansee,sheishonest.=Sheishonest，_______everyonecansee.4.______weallknow，smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.5.Tomsuddenlyfellill，_______madeusverysad.aswhichAsasAswhichdrills用合适的关系词填空(1)Werewelltrainedbytheirmasters________hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals?(2)Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth__________givesofflightinthedark.(3)Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethose________aretotallyengaged(参与)inacademiclife.whothatwhodrills用合适的关系词填空(4)Igrewupinasmallvillage________everybodyknewme.(5)Wehaveenteredintoanage_______dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.(6)Theirchildisatthestage________shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.

(7)Doyouknowtheman______spokeatthemeetingjustnow?(8)Thetrain____________hasjustleftisforShenzhen.

whenwherewhowhich/thatwheredrills用合适的关系词填空(9)Ivisitedthevillage________manychildrencouldn’tgotoschoolbecauseofpoverty.我参观了因为贫困很多孩子不能上学的村庄。(10)Ivisitedthevillage_____________isfamousforitsbeautifulscenery.我参观了因美丽的景色而闻名的村庄。

wherewhich/that二、定语从句4.关系副词的用法(1)关系副词when

典型用法when用作关系副词，在定语从句作时间状语。Doyouremembertheday_______

wefirstmet?你还记得我们第一次见面的那一天吗？（定语从句是主谓结构，不缺少宾语）when二、定语从句(1)关系副词when

典型用法其先行词是具体时间名词，如day,month,year；还可以是抽象名词，如age,stay,occasion等。Thereareoccasions_______onemustyield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。（先行词occasions是典型时间名词）when二、定语从句(1)关系副词when

典型用法当time表示“次数”时，用that引导从句（可省略）；当time表示“时间”时，用when引导从句。Thisisthefirsttime______

I’veheardthissong.I’llneverforgetthetime______

weworkedtogetherinthevillage.thatwhen二、定语从句(2)关系副词where

典型用法where用作关系副词，在定语从句作地点状语。其先行词既可以是具体地点名词，如school,museum,centre；Thisisthehospital______

mysisterusedtowork.Theshop_______

Iboughtthisshirtisnotfarfromhere.我买这件衬衫的商店离这里不远。wherewhere二、定语从句(2)关系副词where

典型用法（热点，须牢记）还可以是抽象名词，如point,case,situation,stage,race,position,job,意思为：“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”等。I’vecometothepoint

_____

Ican’tstandhim.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。where二、定语从句(3)关系副词why

典型用法why用作关系副词，在定语从句作原因状语。why还可以用于Thereasonwhy…isthat…句型。Thereason___

heislateisthathefailedtocatchthefirstbus.他迟到的原因是他没能赶上第一班公共汽车。why二、定语从句(3)关系副词why

典型用法注意如果定语从句谓语动词是及物动词后缺少宾语，则应用关系代词。

Thereason_______

hegaveforbeinglateisthathefailedtocatchthefirstbus.他给出迟到的原因是他没能赶上第一班公共汽车。thatdrills用合适的关系副词或介词+关系代词填空1.Isitthereason______________youwerelate?2.Irememberthatday_______________IsuddenlyfeltlikeGermanwasnolongeraforeignlanguage.3.Wewalkedinagarden_______________manytreesandflowershadbeenplanted.4.2001-2005aretheyears__________________Istudiedintheuniversity.why/for

whichwhen/duringwhichwhere/inwhichwhen/onwhich三、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句1.先行词指人，关系代词用whom；先行词指物，关系代词用which。注意此结构不能用that/who；I‘llneverforgettheday________

wemovedtoourhouse.

Thisistheteacher_________

I’mgrateful.onwhichtowhom三、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句2.介词选择的原则：一看先行词特殊搭配；Iwillneverforgettheday____whichIjoinedthearmy.二看从句谓语动词搭配；Mathematicsisthesubject

________

whichIammostinterested.三看整个语境逻辑。特殊结构如inwhichcase,withwhosehelp等。Air,_______whichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.inonwithout三、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句3.在特定情况下出现“介词+whose+名词”结构，whose作定语。Thetool,withwhosehelpwefinishedthetask,isveryuseful.（withone’shelp是固定搭配）1.IwishtothankprofessorSmith,without

helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.2.TheDragonTower,from

topvisitorscanenjoyagoodsightofHarbin,attractshundredsoftouristseveryday.whosewhose用介词＋关系代词填空1.Canyoutellmethereason_____whichyouaresolate?2.Doyouliketheteacher_____whomshelearnedalot?3.Mycomputer,_________whichIcan’tsurftheInternet,brokedownyesterday.4.Whoistheperson_______

_______youjustshookhands?5.Chinaisapowerfulcountry,_______

_______weareproud.6.Thisisthetree_______

_______weusedtoplaygames.7.Thisismyglasses,_______

_______Ican’tseeclearly.8.Haveyoufoundthebook______________Ispent$29?forfrom

withoutwithwhomwithoutwhichunderwhichofwhichonwhich四、定语从句主谓一致1．定语从句先行词作主语，that/which/who从句谓语动词和主语保持一致。Anyonewhofailstofinishthetaskgivenshouldbecriticized.任何人不能完成指定的任务，都应受到批评。ThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.凡是想去长城的人在这里签名。四、定语从句主谓一致2．定语从句先行词是oneof…结构，从句谓语用复数；先行词是theonly/veryoneof…，从句谓语用单数。Heisoneofthestudentswhohavereadthebook.他是看过这本书的学生中的一位。SheistheonlyoneofthegirlswhoknowsEnglish.她是那些女孩中唯一一位懂英语的。五、定语从句做题技巧特殊引导词：1.as