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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-九江职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Whensnowcollectsontopofabuildingduringthewinter,theweightsometimesweakenstheconstructionandoccasionallycausestherooftocollapse.

问题1选项

A.melts

B.accumulates

C.selects

D.scatters

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.melts融化B.accumulates积累

C.selects选择D.scatters分散

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】后文提到“积雪的重量有时会削弱建筑结构(weakenstheconstruction),有时会导致屋顶倒塌(causestherooftocollapse)”,雪花本来是很轻的,只有积累到一定程度才会很重,有使房屋倒塌的能力,原词collect“收集;聚集”,因此B选项accumulates“积累”与原词最接近。

【干扰项排除】

A选项melts“融化”,雪花融化了就更不可能有使房屋倒塌的影响力了,不符合句意;

C选项selects“选择”,没有依据;

D选项scatters“分散”,分散了的话,重量会更轻,不会使房屋倒塌,不符合句意。

【句意】当积雪在冬天堆积在建筑物顶部时,积雪的重量有时会削弱建筑结构,有时会导致屋顶倒塌。

2.单选题

Theprodigalsonspenthismoneyextravagantlyandsoonafterhelefthomehewasreducedtoabeggar.

问题1选项

A.lavishly

B.economically

C.thriftily

D.extrovertly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词辨析。extravagantly在句中是“挥霍无度地”;A选项lavishly“浪费地”;B选项economically“经济地,经济学地”;C项thriftily“节俭地”;D选项extrovertly“外向地”。句意:这个浪子挥霍钱财,离家不久就沦为乞丐。根据选项,只有A项符合。

3.单选题

Lackofexerciseaswellasunhealthydietaryhabitscanincreasetheriskof().

问题1选项

A.mobility

B.morality

C.maturity

D.mortality

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项mobility“移动性”;B选项morality“道德、品性”;C选项maturity“成熟、到期”;D选项mortality“死亡率”,句意为:缺乏锻炼以及不健康的饮食习惯会增加死亡的风险。因此选项D符合题意。

4.单选题

Thereare()differencesbetweentheoryandpractice.

问题1选项

A.legible

B.laden

C.radical

D.medieval

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:理论和实践之间有根本的区别。故选C。

5.问答题

Directions:Thispanconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,onemeachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeawordaword,ordeleteaword.MarkoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovidedontheAnswerSheet.Ifyouchangeaword,underlineitandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank.Ifyouaddaword,putaninsertionmark(/)intherightplaceandwritethemissingworldintheblank.word,underlineitandputaslash(/)intheblank.

【答案】1.before→ago

2.Surprised→surprising

3.does→with

4.season→seasonality

5.being→be

6.an→any

7.apparent→apparently

8.to→/

9.on^theotherhand

10.in^thethementalhospital

【解析】1.常用搭配。sevenyearsago表示“几年前”。

2.形容词误用。此处的形容词是修饰“link”,因此,用surprising表示“令人惊讶的,出乎意料的”更符合搭配。

3.固定搭配。aswith和…一样。

4.固定搭配。bemorethan+形容词,表示“很、非常”,相当于very;根据后文的also可知,此处应该是bemorethan+名词,表示“不仅仅是”。因此,将形容词seasonal改成名词seasonality(季节性),即“然而,谋杀不只是季节性的”。

5.固定搭配。belikelytodosth.很可能做什么事。因此,being应该改成动词原形be。

6.限定词误用。any表示“任一”之意,与单数可数名词连用。

7.词性误用。主语是“ourintellectualseasonalcycles”,因此,形容词“apparent”应该改成副词“apparently”,作状语以修饰整句话,表示“显然地’’。

8.语法题。并列的不定式由and和or连接时,为了避免重复,从第二个不定式开始,常省略to.因此,此处应该将propose之前的to省略。

9.固定搭配。ontheotherhand另一方面。

10.冠词遗漏。句中已经有单词admissions表示“进入”之意,因此,后面的状语应该只是表示地点:“在医院里”。因此,此处要加上冠词the。

6.单选题

Thatmachinewasveryuseful;buthewasdefinitely(

)whenhesaiditwasthegreatestmachineeverinvented.

问题1选项

A.lying

B.bluffing

C.exaggerating

D.overreacting

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。lie“躺”;bluff“虚张声势”;exaggerate“夸大”;overreact“反应过度”。句意:那台机器用处非常大,但是当他声称它曾经是最伟大的机器时,明显是在夸大。选项C符合题意。

7.单选题

Itisa(n)(

)thattheFrencheatsomuchrichfoodandyethavearelativelylowrateofheartdisease.

问题1选项

A.analogy

B.paradox

C.correlation

D.illusion

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。analogy“类比”;paradox“悖论,反论”;correlation“相关,关联”;illusion“幻觉,错觉”。句意:法国人吃很多油腻的东西,但心脏病的发病率却比较低,这是一种很矛盾的现象。根据前后句句意及yet表转折可知,B项符合句意,答案B。

8.单选题

Itisawell-knownfactthatthecatfamily___lionsandtigers.

问题1选项

A.enriches

B.accommodates

C.adopts

D.embraces

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项enriches“使充实;使肥沃;使富足”;B选项accommodates“容纳;使适应;供应;调解”;C选项adopts“采取;接受;收养;正式通过”;D选项embraces“拥抱;欣然采纳;信奉;包含”。句意:众所周知,猫科动物___狮子和老虎。本句表达“猫科动物包括老虎和狮子”,因此D选项正确。

9.单选题

What()didtheyemploywhentheyselectedthispictureastheprize-winner?

问题1选项

A.criterion

B.regulation

C.condition

D.testimony

【答案】A

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:为了完成研究项目,教授给了

简介。explicit详尽的,详述的;formidable可怕的,难以对付的;afflictive令人痛苦的,苦恼的;dominant支配的,显性的。因此,A项符合句意。

10.单选题

Yesterdayafternoonamultitudeofpeopleattendedthefundraisingpresentationinthemall

问题1选项

A.smallnumber

B.specialgroup

C.hugecrowd

D.youthfulteam

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。amultitudeof许多的,大批的。只有C项“hugecrowd大群人”正确。句意:昨天下午,许多人参加了在商场举行的募捐活动。

11.翻译题

Asimilarmovementisgoingonbeforeourowneyes.Modernbourgeoissociety,withitsrelationsofproduction,ofexchangeandofproperty,asocietythathasconjuredupsuchgiganticmeansofproductionandofexchange,islikethesorcererwhoisnolongerabletocontrolthepowersofthenetherworldwhomhehascalledupbyhisspells.Formanyadecadepast,thehistoryofindustryandcommerceisbutthehistoryoftherevoltofmodernproductiveforcesagainstmodernconditionsofproduction,againstthepropertyrelationsthataretheconditionsfortheexistenceofthebourgeoisandofitsrule.Itisenoughtomentionthecommercialcrisesthat,bytheirperiodicalreturn,puttheexistenceoftheentirebourgeoissocietyonitstrial,eachtimemorethreateningly.Inthesecrises,agreatpartnotonlyoftheexistingproducts,butalsoofthepreviouslycreatedproductiveforces,areperiodicallydestroyed.Inthesecrises,therebreaksoutanepidemicthat,inallearlierepochs,wouldhaveseemedanabsurdity—theepidemicofover-production.Societysuddenlyfindsitselfputbackintoastateofmomentarybarbarism;itappearsasifafamine,auniversalwarofdevastation,hadcutoffthesupplyofeverymeansofsubsistence;industryandcommerceseemtobedestroyed.Andwhy?

Becausethereistoomuchcivilization,toomuchmeansofsubsistence,toomuchindustry,toomuchcommerce.Theproductiveforcesatthedisposalofsocietynolongertendtofurtherthedevelopmentoftheconditionsofbourgeoisproperty;onthecontrary,theyhavebecometoopowerfulfortheseconditions,bywhichtheyarefettered,andsosoonastheyovercomethesefetters,theybringdisorderintothewholeofbourgeoissociety,endangertheexistenceofbourgeoisproperty.Theconditionsofbourgeoissocietyaretoonarrowtocomprisethewealthcreatedbythem.Andhowdoesthebourgeoisiegetoverthesecrises?Ontheonehand,byenforceddestructionofamassofproductiveforces;ontheother,bytheconquestofnewmarkets,andbythemorethoroughexploitationoftheoldones.Thatistosay,bypavingthewayformoreextensiveandmoredestructivecrises,andbydiminishingthemeanswherebycrisesareprevented.

【答案】现在,我们眼前又进行着类似的运动。资产阶级的生产关系和交换关系,资产阶级的所有制关系,这个曾经仿佛用法术创造了如此庞大的生产资料和交换手段的现代资产阶级社会,现在像一个魔法师一样不能再支配自己用法术呼唤出来的魔鬼了。几十年来的工业和商业的历史,只不过是现代生产力反抗现代生产关系、反抗作为资产阶级及其统治的存在条件的所有制关系的历史。只要指出在周期性的重复中越来越危及整个资产阶级社会生存的商业危机就够了。在商业危机期间,总是不仅有很大一部分制成的产品被毁灭掉,而且有很大一部分已经造成的生产力被毁灭掉。在危机期间,发生一种在过去一切时代看来都好像是荒唐现象的社会瘟疫,即生产过剩的瘟疫。社会突然发现自己回到了一时的野蛮状态:仿佛是一次饥荒、一场普遍的毁灭性战争,使社会失去了全部生活资料;仿佛是工业和商业全被毁灭了,——这是什么缘故呢?因为社会上文明过度,生活资料太多,工业和商业太发达。社会所拥有的生产力已经不能再促进资产阶级文明和资产阶级所有制关系的发展;相反,生产力已经强大到这种关系所不能适应的地步,它已经受到这种关系的阻碍;而它一着手克服这种障碍,就使整个资产阶级社会陷入混乱,就使资产阶级所有制的存在受到威胁。资产阶级的关系已经太狭窄了,再容纳不了它本身所造成的财富了。——资产阶级用什么办法来克服这种危机呢?一方面不得不消灭大量生产力,另一方面夺取新的市场,更加彻底地利用旧的市场。这究竟是怎样的一种办法呢?这不过是资产阶级准备更全面更猛烈的危机的办法,不过是使防止危机的手段越来越少的办法。

12.单选题

Itwas(

)wehadhoped.

问题1选项

A.moreasuccessthan

B.asuccessmorethan

C.muchofasuccessas

D.asuccessasmuchas

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。根据固定搭配morethan“超过……”,可排除选项C和D。又因为wehadhoped是一个完整的句子,所以用morethan+句子,表示“超过……”。句意:这是一次超过预期的成功。因此选项B符合题意。

13.单选题

Facedwiththe______difficulties,theyaredeterminedtocarryontheirprogram.

问题1选项

A.satisfactory

B.attributable

C.innocent

D.intangible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项satisfactory“满意的”;B项attributable“可归于……的、可归属的”;C项innocent“无辜的、无罪的”;D项intangible“无形的、触摸不到的”;句意:面对无形的困难,他们决心把计划进行下去。因此该题D项正确。

14.单选题

Asocietyis______onlywhenthehumblestandweakestpersoncanenjoythehighestcivil,economic,andsocialrightsthattheprivilegedandmostpowerfulpossess.

问题1选项

A.conflicting

B.friendly

C.democratic

D.hostile

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项conflicting“冲突的;相矛盾的;不一致的”;B选项friendly“友好的;亲切的;支持的;融洽的,和睦的”;C选项democratic“民主的;民主政治的;大众的”;D选项hostile“敌对的,敌方的;怀敌意的”。句意:只有当最卑微和最弱小的人能够享有最高的公民、经济特权以及拥有和特权阶层和最有权势的人所拥有的社会权利时,一个社会才是民主的。因此C选项正确。

15.单选题

Thefireman()thebabyandcarriedhimoutoftheburninghouse.

问题1选项

A.caughtup

B.seizedup

C.snatchedup

D.heldup

【答案】C

【解析】catchup赶上;seizeup中止,失灵;snatchup夺取,抓起;holdup举起,阻挡。句意:消防队员一把抓起孩子,把他从着火的房子里抱了出来。选项C符合语境。

16.单选题

Wenowcometothevitaltopicofmoney.First,wemustrememberthatscience,onanysignificantscale,existsonlyineconomieswherethereissurplusofgoodsandservices.Aprosperouseconomyformsanecessarybaseforscientificwork.Tragically,theeconomiesofthe"underdeveloped"countries,wheretheneedisoverwhelming,havenotsupported--norhavetheybeencapableofsupporting—anysubstantialscientificandtechnicaltrainingorresearch.ReadthespeechofP.M.S.Blackette,PresidentoftheRoyalSociety,inwhichtheexistinggreatdisparitybetweenthe"have"and"have-not"economiesisconsidered.Theprimarythemeofhisaddressisthatthegapisnotclosing;onthecontrary,itsteadilygrowswider.

TheUnitedStates,asthemostwealthyindustrialnation,spendsagreateramountonresearchanddevelopmentthananyothernations.Itisbeyondthescopeofthisbooktoconsiderindetailwhethertheamountspentisadequate,eitherinrelationtoourowneconomyorinrelationtoourpositionintheworld.Atbestthequestionisanopenone.

Inthelastfewyears,financialsupportforsciencehaschangedsignificantly.Itisfrustratingtoreportthat,inspiteofnumerousstatementsabouttheextentandnatureofthesechanges,ithasbeenimpossibletofindsufficientagreementtobesurejustwhathashappened.Twopointsdoappearclear.First,therehasbeenanoverallcutinresearchfunds,furtherreinforcedbysubstantialinflationofprices.Second,therehasbeenincreasedemphasison"relevant"researchthatisresearchwithimmediatepracticalapplications.

Onereportthatreflectsmostcloselyourownestimateofthesituationwasmadebyafive-membercommitteefromtheNationalAcademyofSciences.ThisgroupinvestigatedfundingofchemistryprojectsbytheNationalInstitutesofHealth.Thecommitteeconcludedthatfundinghadbeendeclinedbyanaverageof20%andthatthesectionmostcloselyrelatedtobasicresearchhadfundscutinhalf.Thecommitteefoundthatvariousinstitutes,in-houseresearch,administrativebudgets,andcontinuingextramural(校外的)grantshadbeenprotectedwiththeresultthatnewandrenewalgrantshadbecomeadisasterarea.Otherreportsstatingthatfederalinstitutes’fundshavehadonlylimitedcutshaveapparentlyignoredthepointmadebytheNationalAcademyCommittee.

1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthe"underdeveloped"countries?

2.Whichofthefollowingwordsmeansnearlythesameas“disparity”usedinline6ofparagraphone?

3.“Atbestthequestionisanopenone”inthesecondparagraphmeansthat(

).

4.Whichareaofresearchhassufferedmostfromthecutsinthefederalinstitutes’funds?

5.Whichofthefollowingcouldbebestusedforthetitleofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Theyneedscientificandtechnicaltrainingorresearchbadly.

B.Theyaretoopoortospareenoughforthedevelopmentofscience.

C.Theyhaveotherprioritiesinsteadofspendingadecentamountofmoneyonscience.

D.Allofabove

问题2选项

A.Dispute

B.Diversion

C.Inequality

D.Argument

问题3选项

A.thequestionhastobelefttothepublictodecide

B.thequestionistooself-evidenttobediscussedanyfurther

C.differentpeoplemayhavedifferentopinionaboutthisquestion

D.moreinformationhastobecollectedbeforethequestioncanbefinallyanswered

问题4选项

A.Appliedresearch

B.Basicresearch

C.Chemistryprojects

D.Newresearchprojects

问题5选项

A.Disputeaboutresearchfunding

B.Trendsofresearchfunding

C.Researchanddevelopment

D.Basicandappliedresearches

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。A:他们对科学技术培训和研发有极强的需求,B:他们太穷,以至于没有足够的科学发展资金,C:他们有其他需要优先考虑的事情,而不是花大量资金在科研上。根据题干关键词the“underdeveloped”countries定位至第一段:Tragically,theeconomiesofthe"underdeveloped”countries,wheretheneedisoverwhelming,havenotsupported--norhavetheybeencapableofsupportinganysubstantialscientificandtechnicaltrainingorresearch(可悲的是,欠发达国家有很强的科研需求,但其经济却无法支持,或者没有能力支持任何一项实质的科学技术培训或研发),由此判断此题选D“以上所有选项”。

2.词义题。“disparity”所在句为:ReadthespeechofP.M.S.Blackette,PresidentoftheRoyalSociety,inwhichtheexistinggreatdisparitybetweenthe"have"and"have-not"economiesisconsidered(阅读皇家学会主席P.M.S.Blackette的演讲,其中就考虑了“有”和“没有”经济体之间存在的巨大…),由此推测,“disparity”表示“不同”或者“差异”。四个选项中,C项inequality(不同)与之意思最为接近。

3.语义题。“Atbestthequestionisanopenone”表示“充其量是一个开放的问题”,因此C项“对此问题,不同的人有不同的观点”比较符合这句话意思。

4.细节事实题。第四段指出:Thecommitteeconcludedthatfundinghadbeendeclinedbyanaverageof20%andthatthesectionmostcloselyrelatedtobasicresearchhadfundscutinhalf(委员会得出的结论是,资金平均己经削减了20%,与此最密切相关的基础研究的基金减少一半)。故选B“基础研究”。

5.主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了财政对科研的支持的不同报道和不同观点。经济实力强的国家能为科研提供更多支持,经济欠发达国家更需要发展科研,但是却没有足够的资金支持,因此人们对于财政支持科研发展有不同的观点看法。因此A项“关于研究经费的讨论”比较适合做文章标题。

17.单选题

Neitherofthetwoparties(

)abletosolvetheproblemsofthepoor.

问题1选项

A.are

B.is

C.havebeen

D.willhavebeen

【答案】B

【解析】考查主谓一致。neitherof+复数名词,谓语动词通常用单数形式。此处表示两个政党中没有哪一个能解决穷人的问题,此处是对客观事实的表述,故用一般现在时,因此选B。句意:这两个政党都不能解决穷人的问题。

18.单选题

“Seeyou____,”shesaid,casually.

问题1选项

A.sometime

B.sometime

C.atsometime

D.sometimes

【答案】A

【解析】考查状语的用法。sometime“某个时候”;sometime“一段时间”;atsometime“在某个时间”;sometimes“有时候”。句意:她很随意地说:“希望以后能再见”。选项A符合题意。

19.单选题

Sheworegloveswhenshewasgardeningtopreventthenettlesfrom_____her.

问题1选项

A.flicking

B.striking

C.stinging

D.flapping

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。flicking“闪烁”;striking“打击,罢工”;stinging“刺痛”;flapping“拍打”。句意:当她打理花园时,会戴手套,以防荨麻刺痛自己。选项C符合题意。

20.单选题

Oncethevice-chancellorofauniversityis(

),hebeginshistermofoffice.

问题1选项

A.launched

B.commenced

C.inaugurated

D.initiated

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。launch意为“发射”;commence意为“开始,着手”;inaugurate意为“为(某人)举行就职典礼,启动,开创”;initiate意为“开始,发起”。

句意:大学副校长就职典礼一旦举行,他就开始了任期。

21.单选题

IlostmysightwhenIwasfouryearsoldbyfallingoffaboxcarinafreightyardinAtlanticCityandlandingonmyhead.NowIamthirtytwo.Icanvaguelyrememberthebrightnessofsunshineandwhatcolorredis.Itwouldbewonderfultoseeagain,butacalamitycandostrangethingstopeople.ItoccurredtometheotherdaythatImightnothavecometolovelifeasIdoifhadn'tbeenblind.Ibelieveinlifenow.IamnotsosurethatIwouldhavebelievedinitsodeeply,otherwise,Idon'tmeanthatIwouldprefertogowithoutmyeyes.IsimplymeanthatthelossofthemmademeappreciatethemorewhatIhadleft.

Life,Ibelieve,asksacontinuousseriesofadjustmentstoreality.Themorereadilyapersonisabletomaketheseadjustments,themoremeaningfulhisownprivateworldbecomes.Theadjustmentisnevereasy.Iwasbewilderedandafraid.ButIwaslucky.Myparentsandmyteacherssawsomethinginmeapotentialtolive,youmightcallit―whichIdidn'tsee,andtheymademewanttofightitoutwithblindness.

ThehardestlessonIhadtolearnwastobelieveinmyself.Thatwasbasic.If1hadn'tbeenabletodothat,Iwouldhavecollapsedandbecomeachairrockeronthefrontporchfortherestofmylife.WhenIsaybeliefinmyselfIamnottalkingaboutsimplythekindofself-confidencethathelpsmedownanunfamiliarstaircasealone.Thatispartofit.ButImeansomethingbiggerthanthat:anassurancethatIam,despiteimperfections,areal,positiveperson;thatsomewhereinthesweeping,intricatepatternofpeoplethereisaspecialplacewhereIcanmakemyselffit.

Ittookmeyearstodiscoverandstrengthenthisassurance.Ithadtostartwiththemostelementarythings.Onceamangavemeanindoorbaseball,IthoughthewasmockingmeandIwashurt.‘Ican'tusethis.’Isaid.‘Takeitwithyou’,heurgedme,‘androllitaround’.Thewordsstuckinmyhead.‘Rollitaround?’.ByrollingtheballIcouldhearwhereitwent.ThisgavemeanideahowtoachieveagoalIhadthoughtimpossible:playingbaseball.AtPhiladelphia'sOverbrookSchoolfortheBlindIinventedasuccessfulvariationofbaseball.Wecalleditgroundball.

AllmylifeIhavesetaheadofmeaseriesofgoalsandthentriedtoreachthem,oneatatime.Ihadtolearnmylimitations.ItwasnogoodtotryforsomethingIknewatthestartwaswildlyoutofreachbecausethatonlyinvitedthebitternessoffailure.IwouldfailsometimesanywaybutontheaverageImadeprogress.

1.Theauthorofthestorylosthiseyesightbyaccidentwhenhewasfouryearsold.T/F

2.Theauthorthinksthatheisveryluckytohavebecomeblindbecausehecandosomethingmoremeaningfulnow.T/F

3.Theauthorbegantoadjusthimselftotherealityofbeingblindwiththehelpofhisparentsandteachers.T/F

4.Theauthorwasneverafraidofmakinganyadjustmentsandhisprivateworldthusbecamemoremeaningful.T/F

5.Theauthorwouldhavebecomeauselesspersonifhehadnotlearnedtobelieveinhimself.T/F

6.Asablindman,theauthorwasverynervouseverytimehewentdownanunfamiliarstaircasealone.T/F

7.Oncetheauthorwasgivenanindoorbaseball,andhefeltdeeplyhurtandbecamesuspiciousofpeoplearound.T/F

8.Learningtoplaygroundballisjustoneofthemostelementarythingsthathelpedstrengthenhisassurance.T/F

9.Whatevergoalhesetaheadofhimself,hewasalwayssuccessful.T/F

10.Thestorytellsusthatapersoncanalwaysdosomethingmeaningfuldespitesomeimperfectionsinhimselforherself.T/F

问题1选项

A.T

B.F

问题2选项

A.T

B.F

问题3选项

A.T

B.F

问题4选项

A.T

B.F

问题5选项

A.T

B.F

问题6选项

A.T

B.F

问题7选项

A.T

B.F

问题8选项

A.T

B.F

问题9选项

A.T

B.F

问题10选项

A.T

B.F

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:A

第6题:A

第7题:B

第8题:A

第9题:B

第10题:A

【解析】1.文中第一段“IlostmysightwhenIwasfouryearsoldbyfallingoffaboxcarinafreightyardinAtlanticCityandlandingonmyhead.当我四岁的时候,我在大西洋城的一个货场里的一辆箱式汽车上掉下来,头撞在地上,失去了视力。”可知该陈述正确。

2.由第一段中“Idon'tmeanthatIwouldprefertogowithoutmyeyes.IsimplymeanthatthelossofthemmademeappreciatethemorewhatIhadleft.我不是说我宁愿失明,我的意思是,失去它们使我更感激我所留下的。”可推知“作者不以自己失明而庆幸”,故该陈述“作者认为自己失明是非常幸运的,因为现在他可以做一些更有意义的事情”不正确。

3.由第二段中第一句“Life,Ibelieve,asksacontinuousseriesofadjustmentstoreality.我相信,生活要求对现实进行一系列持续的调整”及最后一句中“...theymademewanttofightitoutwithblindness.他们(即我的父母和老师)让我想与失明作斗争”可推断该陈述“在他的父母和老师的帮助下,作者开始调整自己接受失明的现实”正确。

4.由第二段中“Iwasbewilderedandafraid.我感到困惑和害怕”,知该陈述“Theauthorwasneverafraidofmakinganyadjustments...作者从未害怕做任何调整”与原文不符;故该陈述不正确。

5.由第三段中“IfIhadn'tbeenabletodothat,Iwouldhavecollapsedandbecomeachairrockeronthefrontporchfortherestofmylife.如果我未曾那样做,我会崩溃,我会在前门廊的摇椅上度过我的余生”知该陈述中“如果他曾经没有学会相信自己,那么作者将成为一个无用的人”正确。

6.由第三段中“ThehardestlessonIhadtolearnwastobelieveinmyself.我要学的最难的一课就是相信自己。”及“WhenIsaybeliefinmyselfIamnottalkingaboutsimplythekindofselfconfidencethathelpsmedownanunfamiliarstaircasealone.当我说相信自己的时候,我并不是简单地说那种自信,它能帮助我独自走下陌生的楼梯。”可推断“在学会相信自己之前,作者对单独走下一个不熟悉的楼梯是不自信的”,故该陈述“作为一个盲人,在平时独自走下一个不熟悉的楼梯时,作者曾经每次都非常紧张”正确。

7.由第四段中“IthoughthewasmockingmeandIwashurt.我认为他正在嘲笑我,我也因此受到伤害”及“ThisgavemeanideahowtoachieveagoalIhadthoughtimpossible:playingbaseball.这给了我一个想法,如何实现一个我认为不可能的目标:打棒球。”知该陈述不正确。

8.由倒数第二段中“Ittookmeyearstodiscoverandstrengthenthisassurance.Ithadtostartwiththemostelementarythings.我花了几年时间才发现并加强了这种确信。它必须从最基本的东西开始”及作者随后举例称“自己学会打自己发明的地滚球(即棒球)”可推知“学会打地滚球是帮助作者巩固确信的一个最基本的事情之一”,故该陈述是正确的。

9.由最后一段中“Ihadtolearnmylimitations.ItwasnogoodtotryforsomethingIknewatthestartwaswildlyoutofreachbecausethatonlyinvitedthebitternessoffailure..我必须认识到自己的局限。去尝试那些一开始就知道根本无法实现的目标是没有好处的,因为那样只会带来失败的痛苦”可推断“无论他的目标是什么,他总是成功的。”该陈述不正确。

10.由最后一段中“IwouldfailsometimesanywaybutontheaverageImadeprogress.不管怎样,虽然我有时会失败,但总的来说我取得了进步。”及“作者学会了打先前认为自己做不到的地滚球’’可推知这个“故事告诉我们:即使自身不完美,但是一个人总能做一些有意义的事情”该陈述正确。

22.单选题

Bythe1980s,accordingtointernationalbutadmittedlyinconsistentdefinitionsofliteracy,aboutsevenoutoftenadultsintheworldwereconsideredliterate.Theincreaseinliteracyfromancienttimestothepresenthasnotbeenastoryofunbrokenprogress.Theabilityofpeoplewithinagivensocietytoreadandwritehasbeeninfluencedbyanumberoffactors,includingeconomicwell-being,theavailabilityofmaterialtoread,theamountofeducationavailable,andthebasicmatteroftheusefulnessofreading.

Ofthesefactors,usefulnesshasprobablybeenthemostdecisive.Inancientsocieties,aspeoplesettledintostablepatternsofagricultureandtrade,itbecameusefulforsomeofthemtoreadandwriteinordertokeeprecords,totransactbusiness,andtomeasureamountsofland,animals,goods,materials,andproduce.Sincealleconomicaspectsofasocietywerecloselytiedtotheoperationsofgovernment,literarybecameusefulandevennecessaryforthekeepingofrecordsbyofficials.TheresponsibilitiesofcitizenshipledtoafairlyhighlevelofliteracyinancientGreeceandRome,butinadditiontothat,therealsogrewanappreciationofgoodliterature,poetry,drama,history,andphilosophy.

DuringtheearlyMiddleAges,withthegeneralbreakdownofsocietyinEuropeandthedecreaseofcommerce,literarybecamelargelyconfinedtothechurch.ButinthelateMiddleAges,intheperiodoftheRenaissance,thegreatexpansionofcommerceandbankingledtoarevivalinliteracyforthesamereasonthathadcausedittoincreaseintheancientworldusefulness.

Withtheinventionoftheprintingpressandinexpensivepaperlateinthe15thcenturytherewasforthefirsttimeagreatavailabilityofreadingmaterialforamuchgreaternumberofpeople.Religiousreformerswereamongthefirsttoutilizethesituation,quicklygettingtranslationsoftheBibleandeducationaltractsandbookletsintothehandsofmanypeople.

Thebroadenedreligiousenlightenmentthatresultedwasfollowedinlatercenturiesbyapoliticalone.Politicaltheoristswhofavoreddoctrinespromotingthenaturalrightsofmancalledforanattackuponilliteracy.Politicalrevolutions,particularlyintheUnitedStatesandFrance,helpedinaugurateanerainwhichallclasseswerecalledupontobecomeinformedonpublicpolicyfortheirownwelfare.Againstthispoliticalbackgroundthereemergedthemovementforuniversalpopulareducation.Literacycametobeunderstoodasameanswherebytheindividualcouldbenefitandadvance,andgraduallywholesocietiesbegantoacknowledgethatuniversalliteracyamongtheircitizenswasanavenuetogreatereconomicwell-being.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

2.Fromthefirstparagraphweknow________.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemajordrivingforcebehindtheprogresstowardmoreliteracy?

4.IntheRenaissance,itwas________thatgreatlye

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