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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-云南中医药大学押题密卷附带答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Thehumannoseisanunderratedtool.Humansareoftenthoughttobeinsensitivesmelterscomparedwithanimals,21thisislargelybecause,22animals,westandupright.Thismeansthatournosesare23toperceivingthosesmellswhichfloatthroughtheair,24__themajorityofsmellswhichsticktosurfaces.Infact,__25__,weareextremelysensitivetosmells,__26wedonotgenerallyrealizeit.Ournosesarecapableof27humansmellsevenwhentheseare28tofarbelowonepartinonemillion.

Strangely,somepeoplefindthattheycansmellonetypeofflowerbutnotanother,__29__othersaresensitivetothesmellsofbothflowers.Thismaybebecausesomepeopledonothavethegenesnecessarytogenerate30smellreceptorsinthenose,Thesereceptorsarethecellswhichsensesmellsandsend31tothebrain,However,ithasbeenfoundthatevenpeopleinsensitivetoacertainsmell32cansuddenlybecomesensitivetoitwhen33toitoftenenough.

Theexplanationforinsensitivitytosmellseemstobethatbrainfindsit34tokeepallsmellreceptorsworkingallthetimebutcan35newreceptorsifnecessary.Thismay__36__explainwhywearenotusuallysensitivetoourownsmells—wesimplydonotneedtobe.Wearenot37oftheusualsmellofourownhousebutwe38newsmellswhenwevisitsomeoneelse’s.Thebrainfindsitbesttokeepsmellreceptors39forunfamiliarandemergencysignals__40__thesmellofsmoke,whichmightindicatethedangeroffire.

问题1选项

A.although

B.as

C.but

D.while

问题2选项

A.above

B.unlike

C.excluding

D.besides

问题3选项

A.limited

B.committed

C.dedicated

D.confined

问题4选项

A.catching

B.ignoring

C.missing

D.tracking

问题5选项

A.anyway

B.though

C.instead

D.therefore

问题6选项

A.evenif

B.ifonly

C.onlyif

D.asif

问题7选项

A.distinguishing

B.discovering

C.determining

D.detecting

问题8选项

A.diluted

B.dissolved

C.dispersed

D.diffused

问题9选项

A.when

B.since

C.for

D.whereas

问题10选项

A.unusual

B.particular

C.unique

D.typical

问题11选项

A.signs

B.stimuli

C.messages

D.impulses

问题12选项

A.atfirst

B.atall

C.atlarge

D.attimes

问题13选项

A.subjected

B.left

C.drawn

D.exposed

问题14选项

A.ineffective

B.incompetent

C.inefficient

D.insufficient

问题15选项

A.introduce

B.summon

C.trigger

D.create

问题16选项

A.still

B.also

C.otherwise

D.nevertheless

问题17选项

A.sure

B.sick

C.aware

D.tired

问题18选项

A.tolerate

B.repel

C.neglect

D.notice

问题19选项

A.available

B.reliable

C.identifiable

D.suitable

问题20选项

A.similarto

B.suchas

C.alongwith

D.asidefrom

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

第6题:A

第7题:D

第8题:A

第9题:D

第10题:B

第11题:C

第12题:B

第13题:D

第14题:C

第15题:D

第16题:B

第17题:C

第18题:D

第19题:A

第20题:B

【解析】21.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】考查逻辑衔接。A项although表示让步,B项as表示时间或者原因,C项but表示转折关系,D项while表示时间或者对比;根据句子Humansareoftenthoughttobeinsensitivesmellerscomparedwithanimals,…thisislargelybecause,…animals,westandupright.(与动物相比,人类常常被认为嗅觉不够敏锐,……这主要原因是因为,……动物,人类直立行走)可知,这里应该是转折的关系;but表示后面的内容是语句重心所在,While也可以表示对比、转折,但作为从属连词也有让步含义。从本题前后的语义关系来看,后半句语义应当是重心所在,因此正确答案为C。

22.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】考查语义衔接。A项above“在……上面”,B项unlike“不像”,C项excluding“除……之外”,D项besides“另外”;根据句子butthisislargelybecause,…animals,westandright.(但是主要原因是因为,……动物,人类直立行走)可知,人类不像动物一样,人类是直立行走的。因此正确答案为B。

23.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】考查语义衔接及词汇辨析。A项limited“限制的”,belimitedto被限制在(指能力的缺点,弱点);B项committed“坚定的,效忠的”,becommittedto致力于;C项dedicated“专注的,献身的”,bededicatedto献身于,从事于;D项confined“有限制的,封闭的”,beconfinedto限制在,局限于(某地或某种境地);根据句子Thismeansthatournosesare…toperceivingthosesmellswhichfloatthroughtheair.(这意味着我们的鼻子……闻到漂浮在空气中的气味)可知,我们的鼻子只能感知飘在空气中的气味。B、C错误,D项不符合语义。因此正确答案为A。

24.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】考查语义衔接。A项catching“抓住”,B项ignoring“忽视”,C项missing“错过”,D项tracking“跟踪,追溯”;根据句子Thismeansthatournosesarelimitedtoperceivingthosesmellswhichfloatthroughtheair,…themajorityofsmellswhichsticktosurfaces.(.这意味着我们的鼻子只能闻到漂浮在空气中的气味,……附着于地表的大多数气味)可知,我们的鼻子只能闻到浮在空气中的气味,对于大部分停留在表面的气味是闻不到的。首先可以排除A、D项,ignore含有“有意不……”的意思,显然不符合语境。因此正确答案为C。

25.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】考查逻辑衔接。A项anyway“不管怎样”(表示让步),B项though“尽管”(表示让步或转折),C项instead“相反,然而”,D项therefore“因此”(表示结果);根据句子Infact,…weareextremelysensitivetosmells,wedonotgenerallyrealizeit(事实上,我们对气味非常敏感,我们通常没有注意到这一点)可知,本句中的infact提示了转折关系,因此要选择表示转折的逻辑关系词。四个选项中,只有though能与infact连用表示转折;因此正确答案为B。

26.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】考查逻辑衔接。A项evenif“即使”(表示让步),B项ifonly“但愿”(后常接虚拟语气,表示愿望),C项onlyif“如果”(用于表达条件关系,only表强调),D项asif“似乎”(用于表达比较关系);根据句子Infact,thoughweareextremelysensitivetosmells,…wedonotgenerallyrealizeit(事实上,我们对气味非常敏感,……我们通常没有注意到这一点)可知,四个选项中只有A项evenif用于表达让步关系;因此正确答案为A。

27.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】考查语义衔接和词汇辨析。A项distinguish“区别”,B项discover“发现”(原先没看见或不知道的事物),C项determine“决定”,D项detect“察觉,发现”(尤指发现有意隐藏之物);根据句子Ournosesarecapableof…humansmells(我们的鼻子能……人的气味)可知,我们的鼻子能察觉(引申为闻到)人的气味;因此正确答案为D。

28.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】考查语义衔接和词汇辨析。A项diluted“稀释的(可指液体或气体的稀释)”,B项dissolved“溶解(通常指固体溶解为液体)”,C项dispersed“散开”,D项diffused“扩散,弥漫”;根据句子Ournosesarecapableofdetectinghumansmellsevenwhentheseare…tofarbelowonepartinonemillion.(我们的鼻子能够闻到人的气味,即使这些气味被……到百万分之一)可知,气味应该是被稀释或冲淡到百万分之一;因此正确答案为A。

29.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】考查逻辑衔接。A项when“何时”,B项since“自从”,C项for“为”,D项whereas“然而,鉴于”;根据句子Strangely,somepeoplefindthattheycansmellonetypeofflowerbutnotanother,…othersaresensitivetothesmellsofbothflowers(奇怪的是,有些人发现他们能闻到一种花却闻不到另一种,……其他人对两种花的气味都很敏感)可知,此处显然构成一种对比关系,只有whereas能用于引导表示转折关系的并列句。因此正确答案为D。

30.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】考查词汇辨析。A项unusual“不寻常的”,B项particular“特别的”(强调某一个体或某一集团所独有的),C项unique“独特的”(强调独一无二的),D项typical“典型的”;根据句子Thismaybebecausesomepeopledonothavethegenesnecessarytogenerate…smellreceptorsinthenose.(这可能是因为有些人没有可以在鼻子里产生……嗅觉感受器所必需的基因)可知,此处应该表示特别的嗅觉感受器;因此正确答案为B。

31.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】考查语义衔接。A项sign“标记”,B项stimuli“刺激”,C项message“信号”,D项impulse“冲动,推动”;根据句子Thesereceptorsarethecellswhichsensesmellsandsend…tothebrain.(这些感知器就是细胞,它们能够感知气味,并且向大脑传递……)可知,细胞在这里传递的是信息;因此正确答案为C。

32.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】考查语义衔接。A项atfirst“起初”,B项atall“完全,根本”,C项atlarge“全面地,详细地”,D项attimes“有时”;根据句子However,ithasbeenfoundthatevenpeopleinsensitivetoacertainsmell…cansuddenlybecomesensitivetoit(然而,研究发现,甚至对某种特定气味不敏感的人……也能突然变得敏感起来)可知,这里是缺少一个状语修饰整个句子;根据句意B选项最符合。

33.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】考查语义衔接。A项subjected“使遭受”,besubjectedto表示遭受,屈服于;B项left“剩下的”,beleftto表被留给;C项drawn“拔,拉出”,bedrawnto表被拖到;D项exposed“暴露”,beexposedto表暴露在……(经常接触);根据句子evenpeopleinsensitivetoacertainsmellatallcansuddenlybecomesensitivetoitwhen…toitoftenenough(当经常……这种气味,即使是对某种气味完全不敏感的人也会突然变得敏感)可知,语境表达的是人处于某种气味所笼罩的环境中。因此正确答案为D。

34.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】考查语义衔接和词汇辨析。A项ineffective“无效的,失效的”,B项incompetent“无能力的”,C项inefficient“效率低的”,D项insufficient“不充分的”;根据句子Theexplanationforinsensitivitytosmellseemstobethatbrainfindsit…tokeepallsmellreceptorsworkingallthetime(对嗅觉不敏感的解释似乎是大脑发现它……让所有的嗅觉感受器一直工作)可知,根据语境,这里应该是说大脑发现让所有的气味感知器一直处于工作状态是效率低的。因此正确答案为C。

35.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】考查语义衔接和词汇辨析。A项introduce“介绍”,B项summon“召集,召唤”,C项trigger“触发,引起”,D项create“创造”;根据句子Theexplanationforinsensitivitytosmellseemstobethatbrainfindsitincompetenttokeepallsmellreceptorsworkingallthetimebutcan…newreceptorsifnecessary.(关于鼻子对气味不敏感的解释是大脑发现让所有的气味感知器一直处于工作状态是效率低的,但是如有需要又可以……新的气味感知器)可知,从空格后面的new来判断,只有create才符合逻辑。因此正确答案为D。

36.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】考查逻辑衔接。A项still“仍然”,B项also“也”,C项otherwise“否则”,D项nevertheless“然而,虽然如此”;根据句子Thismay…explainwhywearenotusuallysensitivetoourownsmells—wesimplydonotneedtobe.(这或许……解释为什么我们通常对自己的气味不敏感-我们根本不需要对自己的气味敏感),“this”这个词表明了逻辑关系应该是并列,翻译成“也”,表示和前面的句子是相同或者相近的含义,因此正确答案为B。

37.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】考查语义衔接。A项sure“确信”,B项sick“厌恶”,C项aware“意识到,知道”,D项tired“厌倦”;根据句子Wearenot…oftheusualsmellofourownhouse(我们没有……自己家里平常的气味),可知,这里应该是表示闻到/知道自己家的气味,因此根据句意,正确答案为C。

38.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】考查语义衔接。A项tolerate“忍受”,B项repel“抵制”,C项neglect“忽视”,D项notice“注意到”;根据句子Wearenotawareoftheusualsmellofourownhousebutwe…newsmellswhenwevisitsomeoneelse’s.(我们意识不到自己家里的平常的气味,但是在拜访别人家时,我们……新的气味),可知,这里应该是闻到新的气味,因此根据句意,正确答案为D。

39.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】考查语义衔接。A项available“可达到的,可工作的”,B项reliable“可靠的”,C项identifiable“可辨认的”,D项suitable“适合的”;根据句子Thebrainfindsitbesttokeepsmellreceptors…forunfamiliarandemergencysignals(大脑发现最好让嗅觉感受器保持……来接收陌生和紧急信号)和前一句“我们意识不到自己家里的平常的气味”可知,这里应该是表示“最好使气味感知器随时接受不熟悉和紧急信号”,因此根据句意,正确答案为A。

40.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】考查语义衔接。A项similarto“相似于”,B项suchas“例如”,C项alongwith“和……一起”,D项asidefrom“除……之外”;根据句子Thebrainfindsitbesttokeepsmellreceptorsavailableforunfamiliarandemergencysignals…thesmellofsmoke,whichmightindicatethedangeroffire.(大脑发现自己最使气味感知器随时接受不熟悉的和紧急的信号,……预示火的危险的烟的气味)句意可知,这里需要填表示列举意义的短语,因此正确答案为B。

2.单选题

Graphenemustsurelybeoneofthemostexcitingdevelopmentsinmodernscience.Indeed,thesubstanceissoextraordinarythatitsoundstoogoodtobetrue—asuperflexiblesheetofcarbon,justasingleatomthick,whichisnotonlythethinnestandstrongestmaterialyetknownbutalsoconductsheat,lightandelectricitywhilebeingimpassabletogas.

WehavetwoscientistsattheUniversityofManchestertothankforgraphene.WhatbeganwithAndreGeimandKostyaNovoselovplayingaroundwithScotchtapeandablockofcarbongraphiteturnedintothediscoveryoftheso-called“miraclematerial”(andajointNobelPrizeinPhysicsin2010).

Now,ofcourse,theraceisontoputgraphenetouse.Eventhemoresoberpredictionsreadlikesciencefiction.Fromcheapdesalinationfilterstosolvetheworld’screepingwatercrisis,tonext-generationelectronicswithfoldabletouch-screensandultra-speedybiodegradableprocessors,tosuperstrongbutsuperlightweightcarsandairplanes,ifjustafractionofgraphene’spotentialisfulfilleditwillchangetheworld.Andthatiswithoutevenconsideringeitherthebiomedicalorthemilitarypossibilities.Norareresearchershangingback;in2012alone,some10,000paperswerepublishedonthesubject.

Britainmaybethebirthplaceofgraphene,butwewillstillhavetoworkhardtohangontoourgloballeadasscientistsandentrepreneursacrosstheworlddashforcompetitiveadvantage.Thegoodnewsisthatrealeffortsarebeingmadetobridgethelong-standinggapbetweenuniversityresearchandcommercialproductsthatsooftenleavestheUKlaggingbehind,forexample,theUS.TheGovernmenthasgivenmorethan£60m,andgrapheneresearchcentersareunderconstructioninbothManchesterandCambridge.

Buttherearealreadysignsofprogress.Yesterday,AppliedGrapheneMaterials一aspin-offfromDurhamUniversity—becamethesecondmanufacturerofthematerialtolistsuccessfullyonthestockmarketthisyear.Bothitsfounders’ambitionsandbeliefsinthemarewhollyjustified.Graphene’spotentialislimitedonlybyourimaginations.

1.Thearticleiswrittenmainlyto().

2.WhichisNOTapropertyofgrapheneaccordingtothepassage?

3.ItcanbeinferredthatthepastgrapheneresearchintheUKwas().

4.Therearegoodreasonsforinvestorstobelieveinthefounders’ambitionsforgraphenebecause().

问题1选项

A.urgeBritonstoholdtheleadingraphene

B.introducethenewmaterialgraphenetoreaders

C.informreadersofthelimitlesspotentialsofgraphene

D.reporttheconstructionofUK’sgrapheneresearchcenters

问题2选项

A.Itisthethinnestandstrongestsubstance.

B.Itisasuperbconductorofgas.

C.Itisoneofthemoststretchablematerials.

D.Itisaspecialkindofcarbon.

问题3选项

A.puttodashforacompetitiveadvantage

B.faraheadoftheUSinmarketing

C.turnedintoalotofsciencefiction

D.isolatedinuniversityexperimentlabs

问题4选项

A.humanimaginationscangoasfarastheycan

B.thereisnogapbetweenresearchandproducts

C.thestockmarketintheUKissuccessful

D.thenewmaterialhashugeroomforprofit

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

【解析】1.文章第一段简单介绍了石墨烯,三四段提到石墨烯的竞争优势,最后一段提到,石墨烯的潜力仅受我们想象力的限制。潜在意思就是石墨烯的潜力是无限的,所以作者的目的也是想让读者了解石墨烯的无限潜力。选项C正确。

2.根据第一段后半部分对石墨烯的描述可知选项A,C,D均是石墨烯的特征,只有选项B错误。“conductsheat,lightandelectricitywhilebeingimpassabletogas.”石墨烯可以传导热,光,电,但是无法传导气体。

3.根据倒数第二段第一句“Britainmaybethebirthplace...dashforcompetitiveadvantage.”英国可能是石墨烯的诞生地,但是我们仍然需要继续努力保持全球领先地位,因为全世界的科学家和企业家都在争取竞争优势。选择A符合原文。

4.根据最后一段的内容可知,这里已经有发展的迹象。昨天,石墨烯材料应用公司(杜伦大学的附属品牌)成为本年度第二个成功上市的石墨烯生产商,而石墨烯的潜力也是无限的。综上,也就是说这种新物质有很大的利润空间。选项D正确。

3.单选题

We’veseena(n)

(

)

trendofconsumerssayingtheywillspendmore,fromholidayshoppingto2012travelplans,andspendingplansforFeb.14arenoexception.

问题1选项

A.consistent

B.persistent

C.insistent

D.resistant

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近形容词辨析。consistent“前后一致的;坚持的“;persistent”固执的;坚持的“;insistent”坚持的;迫切的;显著的“;resistant”反抗的;顽固的“。句意:从假日购物到2012年的旅游计划,我们已经看到消费者将增加消费的……倾向,2月14日的消费计划也不例外。按照句意,A选项符合,指这种消费倾向保持一致。

4.单选题

Iwasentrustedto()toanewspaperarticlemakingpredictionsfortheNewYear.

问题1选项

A.contribute

B.detract

C.convert

D.entail

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析。contributetoanewspaperarticle意思是“给报纸写文章投稿”。

5.写作题

Writeanessayofabout250to300wordsonthetopic“CulturalDifferenceandIntegration"accordingtotheideagivenbelowinChinese.

不同文化是各民族社会生活存在和发展的外在表现形式,其差异性表现有适应于其文化个性发展的环境、条件和进程,但是国际化的发展使得文化的融合和整合成为必然的趋势,在这一潮流中文化的融合和民族文化的传承和个性发扬似乎是矛盾的存在,谈谈你的看法和主张。

【答案】范文:

CulturalDifferenceandIntegration6.单选题

OliveoilhasbeenoneofthestaplesoftheMediterraneandietforthousandsofyearsanditspopularityisgrowingrapidlyinotherpartsoftheworld.Itisoneofthemostversatileoilsforcookinganditenhancesthetasteofmanyfoods.Oliveoilistheonlytypeofvegetable/fruitoilthatcanbeobtainedfromjustpressing.Mostothertypesofpopularoils(cor,canola,etc.)mustbeprocessedinotherwaystoobtaintheoil.Anotherimportantbonusisthatoliveoilhasprovenhealthbenefits.Threebasicgradesofoliveoilaremostoftenavailabletotheconsumer:extraVirgin;VirginandOliveOil.Inadditiontothebasicgrades,oliveoildiffersfromonecountryorregiontoanotherbecauseofthetypesofolivesthataregrown,theharvestingmethods,thetimeoftheharvest,andthepressingtechniques.Thesefactorsallcontributetotheindividualcharacteristicsoftheoliveoil.

Olivetreesmustbeproperlycaredforinordertoachievegoodeconomicyields,careincludesregularirrigation,pruning,fertilizing,andkillingpests.Oliveswillsurviveonverypoorsiteswithshallowsoilsbutwillgrowveryslowlyandyieldpoorly.Deepsoilstendtoproduceexcessivelyvigoroustrees,alsowithloweryields.Theidealsiteforoliveoilproductionisaclayloamsoilwithgoodinternalandsurfacedrainage.Irrigationisnecessarytoproduceheavycropsandavoidalternatebearing.Thesitemustbefreeofhardwinterfrostsbecausewooddamagewilloccurattemperaturesbelow15°Fandalengthyspelloffreezingweathercanruinanychancesforadecentcrop.Thegrowingseasonalsomustbewarmenoughsofruitsmaturebeforeevenlightfallfrosts(usuallybyearlyNovember)becauseofpotentialdamagetothefruitandoilquality.Fortunatelyolivetreesareveryhardyinhotsummertemperaturesandtheyaredroughttolerant.

Thebestoliveoilsholdacertificatebyanindependentorganizationthatauthenticatesthestonegroundandcoldpressedextractionprocess.Inthisprocess,olivesarefirstharvestedbyhandattheproperstageofripenessandmaturity.Expertsfeelthathandharvesting,asopposedtomechanicalharvesting,eliminatesbruisingofthefruitwhichcausestartnessandoilacidity.Theolivesharvestedaretransferreddailytothemill.Thisisveryimportantbecausethisdailytransferminimizesthetimespentbetweenpickingandpressing.Someextravirginoliveoilproducersareknowntotransfertheolivesbymulti-tontrucksoverlongdistancesthatexposethefragilefruittocrushingweightandthehotsun,whichcausestheolivestobeginoxidizingandthusbecomingacidic.Inadditiontothetimelapsebetweenharvestingandpressing,oliveoilmustbeobtainedusingmechanicalprocessesonlytobeconsideredvirginorextravirgin.Ifheatand/orchemicalprocessesareusedtoproducetheoliveoilorifthetimelapseistoolong,itcannotbecalledvirginorextravirgin.

Onceatthemill,theleavesaresuckedawaywithairfansandtheolivesarewashedwithcirculatingpotablewatertoremoveallimpurities.Thefirststepofextractionismashingtheolivestocreateapaste.Theoil,comprising20%to30%oftheolive,isnestledinpocketswithinthefruit’scells.Theolivesarecrushedinamillwithtwogranitemillstonesrollingwithinametalbasin.Crushingandmixingtheolivesreleasestheoilfromthecellsoftheolivewithoutheatingthepaste.Asideshutteronthemill’sbasinallowsthemixedolivepastetobedischargedandappliedtoroundmats.Thematsarestackedandplacedundertheheadofahydraulicpressframethatappliesdownwardpressureandextractstheoil.Thefirstpressingyieldsthesuperiorqualityoil,andthesecondandthirdpressingsproduceinferiorqualityoil.Somesingleestateproducerscollecttheoilthatresultsfromjusttheinitialcrushingwhilemanyotherproducersuseanadditionalsteptoextractmoreoil.Theolivepulpisplacedonmatsconstructedwithhemporpolypropylenethatarestackedandthenpressedtosqueezethepulp.Oilandwaterfilterthroughthematstoacollectiontankbelow.Thewaterandoilarethenseparatedinacentrifuge.

Regardlessofthemethodusedforthefirstpressing,thetemperatureoftheoilduringproductionisextremelyimportantinordertomaintainthedistinctcharacteristicsoftheoil.Ifthetemperatureoftheoilclimbsabove86°F,itwillbedamagedandcannotbeconsideredcold-pressed.

Thefirstpressingoilcontainsthemost“polyphenols”,substancesthathavebeenfoundtobepowerfulantioxidantscapableofprotectingagainstcertaintypesofdisease.Thepolyphenolsarenottheonlysubstancesintheolivewithhealth-promotingeffects,buttheyarequiteuniquewhencomparedtoothercommonlyusedculinaryoilssuchassunflowerandsoy.Itisthesepolyphenolsthatreallysetextravirginoliveoilsapartfromanyotheroilandanyotherformofoliveoil.Themorerefinedtheoliveoilis,thesmallerthequantityofpolyphenols.

Theresultoftheproducer’seffortsisacoldpressedextravirginoliveoilwithhighqualitystandardsandorganolepticcharacteristics,whichgivetheoilitshealth-protectiveandaromaticproperties.

1.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingdoesNOTaffecttheindividualfeaturesofoliveoilsfromdifferentregions?

2.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisNOTpartofolivetreemanagement?

3.Accordingtothetext,whatisthemaindangeroffrost?

4.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingdoesNOTaffectthe“extravirgin”oliveoilcertification?

5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

问题1选项

A.Pickingtechniques

B.Thedateofthepicking

C.Olivevarieties

D.Accesstowater

问题2选项

A.Carefulwatering

B.Replanting

C.Killingparasites

D.Feeding

问题3选项

A.Killstheolivetrees.

B.Thefruitwon’tmature.

C.Notenoughfruitwillbeproduced.

D.Theolivesproducedwillbesmallinsize.

问题4选项

A.Thetemperatureoftheextractionprocess.

B.Thetimegapbetweentreeandbottle.

C.Whichpressingtheoilistakenfrom.

D.Usingwaterintheextractionprocess.

问题5选项

A.Olivetreesdon’tneedaregularsupplyofwatertosurvive.

B.Noothercookingoilsapartfromoliveoilcontainpolyphenols.

C.Damagetoolivesbeforetheyarepressedcanaffectthetasteoftheoil.

D.Manyproducersextractedmoreoilafterthefirstpressingtoproducevirgin.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第一段的第七句话“Inadditiontothebasicgrades,oliveoildiffersfromonecountryorregiontoanotherbecauseofthetypesofolivesthataregrown,theharvestingmethods,thetimeoftheharvest,andthepressingtechniques.(除了基本等级外,不同国家或地区的橄榄油也有所不同,原因在于所种植的橄榄的种类、收获方法、收获时间和压榨技术。)”,由此可知A选项“采摘技术”;B选项“收获时间”;C选项“橄榄的品种”都会影响橄榄油的特性,只有D选项“供水”不会影响,因此D选项正确。

2.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段第一句话“Olivetreesmustbeproperlycaredforinordertoachievegoodeconomicyields,careincludesregularirrigation,pruning,fertilizing,andkillingpests.(为了获得良好的经济产量,橄榄树必须得到适当的护理,护理包括定期灌溉、修剪、施肥和灭虫。)”,由此可知A选项“小心灌溉”;C选项“灭虫”;D选项“喂养”都是橄榄树护理的一部分,只有B选项“再植”不是,因此B选项正确。

3.判断推理题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段的第六句话“Thesitemustbefreeofhardwinterfrostsbecausewooddamagewilloccurattemperaturesbelow15°Fandalengthyspelloffreezingweathercanruinanychancesforadecentcrop.(该地点必须不受严冬霜冻的影响,因为在15°F以下的温度下,橄榄树会受到损害,而一段时间的严寒天气可能会毁掉一个好收成的机会。)”,由此可推断出霜冻会杀死橄榄树。B选项“水果不会成熟”;C选项“水果产量不够”;D选项“所生产的橄榄体积较小”都是附带提及,只有A选项“杀死橄榄树”才是主要的危险。因此A选项正确。

4.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第三段“Thisisveryimportantbecausethisdailytransferminimizesthetimespentbetweenpickingandpressing.(这是非常重要的,因为每天的转换将采摘和按压之间的时间减少到最小。)”和“Ifheatand/orchemicalprocessesareusedtoproducetheoliveoilorifthetimelapseistoolong,itcannotbecalledvirginorextravirgin.(如果用加热和/或化学方法生产橄榄油,或者时间间隔太长,就不能称之为初榨或特级初榨橄榄油。)”,由此可知除了采摘和压榨时间考究外,还有热量和化学过程需要注意。A选项“提取过程的温度”;B选项“树和瓶子之间的时间间隔”;C选项“用哪种方式压榨”都会影响“特级初榨”橄榄油认证,只有D选项“在提取过程中用水”文章没有提到,因此D选项正确。

5.细节事实题。A选项“橄榄树不需要定期供水来生存”说法错误,文章第二段就提到了橄榄树需要定期灌溉;B选项“除橄榄油外,没有其他食用油含有多酚”文章没有提及;C选项“橄榄压榨前的损坏会影响油的味道”说法正确,文中第三段有说到橄榄受到损害后会呈酸性;D选项“许多生产商在第一次压榨后提取了更多的油来生产初榨油”说法错误,文中第四段说到“Somesingleestateproducerscollecttheoilthatresultsfromjusttheinitialcrushingwhilemanyotherproducersuseanadditionalsteptoextractmoreoil.(一些单一的地产生产商只收集最初压榨产生的油,而许多其他生产商使用额外的步骤来提取更多的油。)”因此C选项正确。

7.单选题

Sheboughtaknifefromtheshop()topeelanapple

问题1选项

A.which

B.withthat

C.withwhich

D.atwhich

【答案】C

【解析】这里的先行词不是shop,所以不能直接跟关系代词。peelanapplewithaknife用刀削苹果用介词with,所以排除选项A和D。介词+that不能引导定语从句。所以选项C正确。

8.单选题

Heroinaddictiontodayisfoundchieflyamongyoungmenofminoritygroupsinghetto(贫民区)areas.Ofthemorethan60,000knownaddicts,morethanhalfliveinNewYorkState.MostofthemliveinNewYorkCity.Recentfiguresshowthatmorethanhalfoftheaddictsareunder30yearsofage.

Narcotic(麻醉的)addictionintheUnitedStatesisnotlimitedtoheroinusers.Somemiddle-agedandolderpeoplewhotakenarcoticdrugsregularlytorelievepaincanalsobecomeaddicted.Sodosomepeoplewhocangetdrugseasily,suchasdoctors,nurses,andpharmacists.Studiesshowthatthistypeofaddicthaspersonalityandemotionalproblemsverysimilartothoseofotherregularnarcoticusers.

Manyaddictsadmitthatgettingacontinuedsupplyisthemainobjectoftheirlives.Anaddict’sconcentrationongettingdrugsoftenpreventscontinuinganeducationorworkingatajob.Hishealthisoftenpoor.Hemaybesickonedayfromtheeffectsofwithdrawalandsickthenextfromanoverdose.Statisticsshowthatanaddict’slifespanmaybeshortenedby15to20years.Theaddictisusuallyintroublewithhisfamilyandalmostalwaysintroublewiththelaw.

Somestudiessuggestthatmanyoftheknownnarcoticaddictshadsometroublewiththelawbeforetheybecameaddicted.Onceaddicted,theymaybecomeevenmoreinvolvedwithcrimebecauseitcostssomuchtosupporttheheroinhabit.

Mostauthoritiesagreethattheaddict’sinvolvementwithcrimeisnotadirecteffectofthedrugitself.Turningtocrimeisusuallytheonlywaytogetthatmuc

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