考研考博-英语-亳州职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-亳州职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.填空题

IranintoWangTaoandLiSan（1）thetradefairinMunbaiinFebruary.I（2）seenthemsince2007（3）ofthemliketheirnewjobs,but（4）wantstostayinShenzhenmuchlonger.

【答案】1.at

2.Haven’t

3.Both

4.neither

【解析】1.语法题。此处应该用介词at。Atthetradefair在交易会上。

2.

语法题。此处有提示词since,所以此处表示

“自从2007年来,就没见过他们了”,因此用现在完成时的否定haven’t

done。

3.语义题。此处填both(两者都…)符合句意。

4.语义题。Neither表示“都不”。

2.单选题

Theimportanceofinteriordesignbecomes（

）whenwerealizehowmuchtimewespendsurroundedbyfourwalls.

问题1选项

A.attractive

B.appropriate

C.evident

D.obscure

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。attractive意为“有魅力的，吸引人的”；appropriate意为“适当的，合适的”；evident意为“明显的，明白的”；obscure意为“昏暗的，朦胧的”。

句意：当我们意识到我们花了多少时间待在家里时，室内设计的重要性就变得明显了。

3.单选题

ThedecisionoftheNewYorkPhilharmonictohireAlanGilbertasitsnextmusicdirectorhasbeenthetalkoftheclassical-musicworldeversincethesuddenannouncementofhisappointmentin2009.Forthemostpart,theresponsehasbeenfavorable,tosaytheleast.“Hooray!Atlast!”wroteAnthonyTommasini,asober-sidedclassicalmusiccritic.

Oneofthereasonswhytheappointmentcameassuchasurprise,however,isthatGilbert,iscomparativelylittleknown.EvenTommasini,whohadadvocatedGilbert’sappointmentintheTimes,callshim“anunpretentiousmusicianwithnoairoftheformidableconductorabouthim.”Asadescriptionofthenextmusicdirectorofanorchestra—thathashithertobeenledbymusicianslikeGustavMahlerandPierreBoulez,thatseemslikelytohavestruckatleastsomeTimesreadersasfaintpraise.

Formypart,IhavenoideawhetherGilbert,isagreatconductororevenagoodone.Tobesure,heperformsanimpressivevarietyofinterestingcompositions,butitisnotnecessaryformetovisitAveryFisherHall,oranywhereelse,tohearinterestingorchestralmusic.AllIhavetodoistogotomyCDshelf,orbootupmycomputeranddownloadstillmorerecordedmusicfromiTunes.

Devotedconcertgoerswhoreplythatrecordingsarenosubstituteforliveperformancearemissingthepoint.Forthetime,attention,andmoneyoftheart-lovingpublic,classicalinstrumentalistsmustcompetenotonlywithoperahouses,dancetroupes,theatercompanies,andmuseums,butalsowithmerecordedperformancesofthegreatclassicalmusiciansofthe20thcentury.Theirrecordingsarecheap,availableeverywhere,andveryoftenmuchhigherinartisticqualitythantoday’sliveperformances;moreover,theycanbe“consumed”atatimeandplaceofthelistener’schoosing.Thewidespreadavailabilityofsuchrecordingshasthusbroughtaboutacrisisintheinstitutionofthetraditionalclassicalconcert.

Onepossibleresponseisforclassicalperformerstoprogramattractivenewmusicthatisnotyetavailableonrecord.Gilbert’sowninterestinnewmusichasbeenwidelynoted:AlexRoss,aclassical-musiccritic,hasdescribedhimasamanwhoiscapableofturningthePhilharmonicinto“amarkedlydifferent,morevibrantorganization.”Butwhatwillbethenatureofthatdifference.Merelyexpandingtheorchestra’srepertoirewillnotbeenough.IfGilbertandthePhilharmonicaretosucceed,theymustfirstchangetherelationshipbetweenAmerica’soldestorchestraandthenowaudienceithopestoattract.

46.WelearnfromPara.1thatGilbert’sappointmenthas______.

47.TommasiniregardsGilbertasanartistwhois_______.

48.Theauthorbelievesthatthedevotedconcertgoers______.

49.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingistrueofrecordings?

50.RegardingGilbert’sroleinrevitalizingthePhilharmonic,theauthorfeels______.

问题1选项

A.incurredcriticism

B.raisedsuspicion

C.receivedacclaim

D.arousedcuriosity

问题2选项

A.influential

B.modest

C.respectable

D.talented

问题3选项

A.ignoretheexpensesofliveperformances

B.rejectmostkindsofrecordedperformances

C.exaggeratethevarietyofliveperformances

D.overestimatethevalueofliveperformances

问题4选项

A.Theyareofteninferiortoliveconcertsinquality.

B.Theyareeasilyaccessibletothegeneralpublic.

C.Theyhelpimprovethequalityofmusic.

D.Theyhaveonlycoveredmasterpieces.

问题5选项

A.doubtful

B.enthusiastic

C.confident

D.puzzled

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】46.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干的意思是“我们从第1段得知吉尔伯特的任命……”。根据第一段第三行Forthemostpart,theresponsehasbeenfavorable,tosaytheleast.（至少可以说，在大多数情况下，人们的反应是积极的）可知，人们对Gilbert的任命得到了古典乐界的一致欢呼，因此C项“获得好评”符合；A项“招致批评”，B项“引起怀疑”，D项“激起好奇心”均错误，故该题选C。

47.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干的意思是“Tommasini认为吉尔伯特作为艺术家是……”。第二段第三行提到anunpretentiousmusicianwithnoairoftheformidableconductorabouthim（一个朴实的音乐家，没有那种令人敬畏的指挥家的气质），由此可知Tommasini认为Gilbert是一个朴实无华、低调的音乐家，故B项“谦虚的”符合题意；A项“有影响力的”，第二段第一句提到however,isthatGilbert,iscomparativelylittleknown（相对而言，吉尔伯特鲜为人知），Gilbert鲜为人知又怎么会有影响力，所以该项错误；C项“受人尊敬的”和D项“有天赋的”文章未提及，故该题选B正确。

48.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干的意思是“作者相信忠实的音乐观众是……”。第四段提到Devotedconcertgoerswhoreplythatrecordingsarenosubstituteforliveperformancearemissingthepoint.（忠实的音乐会观众回答说，录音不能代替现场表演，他们错过了这一点），由此可知，作者认为忠实的音乐会参会者们对现场音乐表演有着过高的评价。故D项“高估现场表演的价值”符合题意；A项“忽略现场表演的费用”不是作者想表达的意思；B项“拒绝大多数录制的表演”，文中只是提到了相比录音，忠实的音乐会观众会更倾向于现场表演，没有提到他们拒绝大多数录制的表演，有点过度解读了；C项“夸大了现场表演的多样性”没有提到；故该题选D。

49.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节判断题。题干的意思是“根据文章，关于录音下列哪项是正确的?”。第四段倒数第二句提到Theirrecordingsarecheap,availableeverywhere,andveryoftenmuchhigherinartisticqualitythantoday’sliveperformances（他们的唱片很便宜，到处都能买到，而且往往比今天的现场表演的艺术质量要高得多），由此可推知，因为唱片便宜且质量比现场表演要高，大众更容易接受，因此A项“它们的质量往往不如现场音乐会”排除，B项“它们很容易为公众所接受”符合题意；C项“它们有助于提高音乐的质量”，文中没有提到有助于提高音乐质量，只是说比现场表演质量高得多，这是偷换概念，因此该项错误；D项“它们只包括大师作品”未提及；故该题选B。

50.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】作者态度题。题干的意思是“对于吉尔伯特在振兴Philharmonic乐团中所扮演的角色，作者觉得……”。根据文章最后两句Butwhatwillbethenatureofthatdifference.Merelyexpandingtheorchestra’srepertoirewillnotbeenough.IfGilbertandthePhilharmonicaretosucceed,theymustfirstchangetherelationshipbetweenAmerica’soldestorchestraandthenowaudienceithopestoattract.（但这种差异的本质是什么呢？仅仅扩大乐团的演奏曲目是不够的。如果吉尔伯特和Philharmonic乐团要想成功，他们必须首先改变美国最古老的管弦乐团和它现在希望吸引的观众之间的关系）可知，虽然Gilbert很有才华和能力，但是要想复兴交响乐团这是不够的，还需要改变古典交响乐和当下听众的关系，表明作者对Gilbert是持怀疑的态度，因此A项“怀疑的”符合题意；B项“热情的”，C项“自信的”和D项“迷惑的”均不符合，故该题选A。

4.单选题

Hewasregretfuloverhisimpracticalgoalwhichjustturnedouttobea___.

问题1选项

A.mirage

B.miracle

C.migrate

D.mirador

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项mirage“海市蜃楼；幻想，妄想”；B选项miracle“奇迹，奇迹般的人或物；惊人的事例”；C选项migrate“迁移；移民”；D选项mirador“凸窗（可眺望优美景色）；塔楼”。句意：他对自己不切实际的目标感到遗憾，因为那只是___。本句表达“不切实际的目标是海市蜃楼”，因此A选项正确。

5.单选题

Pallphonedthatbecauseofanemergencyhehadto____ourappointment.

问题1选项

A.callforth

B.calldown

C.callfor

D.calloff

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.callforth引起（某物）行动或存在B.calldown招致

C.callfor要求；需要D.calloff取消

【答案】D

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】前文内容为“因为紧急情况”，空格处所在部分内容为“他不得不____我们的约会”，根据句意可得，因为紧急情况的出现，他和我们的约会不得不取消比较符合逻辑。因此，D选项calloff“取消”符合原句语义衔接。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】Pall打电话说，因为有紧急情况他不得不取消我们的约会。

6.单选题

Thisproblemshouldbediscussedfirst,forittakes（）overalltheotherissues.

问题1选项

A.precedence

B.prosperity

C.presumption

D.probability

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。takeprecedence优先，具有/获得优先权。句意：应该首先讨论这个问题，因为它优先于所有问题。prosperity繁荣，成功；presumption放肆，傲慢；probalility概率，几率。答案A。

7.问答题

Artistsusecaricaturetodistortthehumanfaceorfigureforcomicaffectwhileatthesametime

A

B

capturinganidentifiablelikenessandsuggestingtheessenceofthepersonalityorcharacter

C

beneaththesurface.Thehumorliesinthefactthatthecaricatureisrecognizable,andyetexasperated.

D

【答案】试题答案：B;effect

【解析】考查名词辨析。comic为形容词，意为“”喜剧的，后面接名词。affect作动词时，意为“影响”，作名词时，意为“情感”；effect为名词，意为“影响，效果”。

8.单选题

Traditionalforensicevidencehaslongplayedaroleincriminaljustice.Butcurrentlypoisedonthehorizonisanewgenerationofforensicsciencescapableofinvestigatingandinculpatingsuspectsonanorderofpowerfargreaterthanthataffordedbytraditionalforensictechniques.Thisarrayofexcitingnewmethods—suchasDNAtyping,datamining,biometrictechnologies,andforensicMRIimaging,representamarkedadvanceovertherudimentarytechniquesofold,andwillsurelystakeacentralandindispensableroleinthefutureadministrationofcriminaljustice.

Yettheexperienceoftraditionalforensicsciencesinthecriminaljusticesystemcautionagainstrushingtooquicklytoembracethesenewtechniques.Inrecentyears,thelegitimacyofevidentiarystalwartslikehandwriting,voiceexemplars,hairandfiber,biteandtoolmarks,andevenfingerprintshasbeenseriouslycalledintoquestion.Exonerationstudieshavedemonstratedtheshockingdegreetowhichthecriminaljusticesystemhashistoricallyfailedtopreventspurioussciencesandfaultyorfraudulentevidencefromservingtoconvictinnocentdefendants.Forexample,onestudyfoundthatdefectivescientificevidencecontributedtooverone-halfofwrongfullyobtainedconvictions.

Ofcourse,theunreliabilityoftraditionaltechniques,andthefailureofthecriminaljusticesystemtokeepoutsuchinvalidevidence,hasinlargepartbeenexposedthroughtheuseofthenew,morereliableforensictechniquessuchasDNAtyping.Accordingly,theconventionalwisdomtendstoassertthatthequalitiesthatmakenewmethodssodesirableandreliablewilllikewiserenderthesetechniqueslesssusceptible,ifnotwhollyimmune,fromtheproblemsthatplaguedtraditionalsciences.Manycriticsoftraditionalscienceshaveevenembracednewmethodologiesasofferinga“newscientificparadigm”forforensicevidence,oneinwhich“untestedassumptionsandsemi-informedguessworkisreplacedbyasoundscientificfoundationandjustifiableprotocols”.

Butitstandstoreasonthatasystemthatfailedtostemtheabuseofobviouslyfaultyformsofforensicevidencemightalsobewhollyill-equippedtosafeguardtheuseofmorerobust,complicatedformsofsuchevidence,bothintermsofassuringitsintegrityandoffosteringhealthyscientificdevelopment.Infact,asthisArticleargues,theverycharacteristicsthatmakethisnewgenerationofforensicevidencesopromisingserveonlytoenhancetheneedforconcernabouttheuseofsuchevidenceinthecriminaljusticesystem.

ErinMurphy:THENEWFORENSICS:CRIMINALJUSTICE,FALSECERTAINTY,

ANDTHESECONDGENERATIONOFSCIENTIFICEVIDENCE

79.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanewgenerationforensictechnology?

80.Thelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphshowsthattheauthorthinksthat___.

81.Thebesttopicforthe3rdparagraphis___.

82.Thelastparagraphshowsthattheauthor’sattitudetowardsthereliabilityofnewtechniquesis___.

问题1选项

A.DNAtyping

B.Mining

C.ForensicMRIimaging

D.Biometrictechnologies

问题2选项

A.thelegitimacyoftheoldevidentiarystalwartshasbeenseriouslycalledintoquestion

B.thecriminaljusticesystemhashistoricallyfailedtopreventspurioussciencesandfaultyorfraudulentevidencefromservingtoconvictinnocentdefendants

C.experienceoftraditionalforensicsciencesinthecriminaljusticesystemcautionagainstrushingtooquicklytoembracethesenewtechniques

D.theoldtechnologiesdonotworkanymore

问题3选项

A.TheNewTechniquesisWelcomebyMore,EventheCriticsoftheOldTechniques

B.TheUnreliabilityofTraditionalTechniquesisExposedthroughtheUseoftheNewTechniques

C.TheNewTechniquesareImmunefromtheProblemsoftheTraditionalSciences

D.TheNewMethodologiesOffera“NewScientificParadigm”forForensicEvidence

问题4选项

A.contradict

B.trustworthy

C.complimentary

D.suspicious

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:D

【解析】79.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干关键字定位到第一段Thisarrayofexcitingnewmethods—suchasDNAtyping,datamining,biometrictechnologies,andforensicMRIimaging…（这一系列令人兴奋的新方法——如DNA分型、数据挖掘、生物识别技术和法医MRI成像……）可知A选项“DNA分型”，C选项“法医MRI成像”和D选项“生物技术”原文有提及；B选项“矿业”不属于原文提到的内容。因此B选项符合题意。

80.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到第二段最后一句Forexample,onestudyfoundthatdefectivescientificevidencecontributedtooverone-halfofwrongfullyobtainedconvictions.（例如，一项研究发现，有缺陷的科学证据导致了超过一半的错误定罪），结合倒数第二句Exonerationstudieshavedemonstratedtheshockingdegreetowhichthecriminaljusticesystemhashistoricallyfailedtopreventspurioussciencesandfaultyorfraudulentevidencefromservingtoconvictinnocentdefendants.（关于免除罪的研究表明，刑事司法系统在历史上一直未能阻止伪科学和错误或欺诈性证据被判无罪的被告有罪，其程度令人震惊）可知最后一句是为了支持刑事司法系统未能防止伪科学和错误或欺诈性证据被判无罪这一观点的论据；选B选项“从历史上看，刑事司法系统未能防止伪科学和错误或欺诈性证据被判无罪”；A选项“老证据的正当性受到了严重的质疑”，C选项“传统法医学在刑事司法系统中的经验告诫人们不要急于接受这些新技术”以及D选项“旧的技术已经不起作用了”都属于过度推测，排除。因此B选项正确。

81.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段倒数第一句Manycriticsoftraditionalscienceshaveevenembracednewmethodologiesasofferinga“newscientificparadigm”forforensicevidence,oneinwhich“untestedassumptionsandsemi-informedguessworkisreplacedbyasoundscientificfoundationandjustifiableprotocols”.（许多传统科学的批评者甚至接受了新的方法论，为法医证据提供了一种“新的科学范式”，其中一个“未经检验的假设和半知情的猜测被一个健全的科学基础和正当的协议所取代”）以及第三段其他内容：新的司法鉴定技术的应用使传统技术的不可靠性和刑事审判制度无法阻止假证据的问题暴露无遗，传统观点认为，新技术可靠的特性同样也使这些技术免受传统科学遭遇到的问题的影响。许多对传统科学持批判态度的人也支持起新技术来，将它视为用于法医鉴定证据的新的科学范式，可以看出作者在这一段主要讨论的是D选项“新方法为法医证据提供了一种‘新的科学范式’”，同时可知B选项“新技术的使用暴露了传统技术的不可靠性”和A选项“新技术受到更多，甚至是旧技术的批评者的欢迎”以偏概全；以及C选项“新技术不受传统科学问题的影响”第三段未提及。因此D选项正确。

82.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】观点态度题。根据题干定位到原文最后一段Butitstandstoreasonthatasystemthatfailedtostemtheabuseofobviouslyfaultyformsofforensicevidencemightalsobewhollyill-equippedtosafeguardtheuseofmorerobust,complicatedformsofsuchevidence,bothintermsofassuringitsintegrityandoffosteringhealthyscientificdevelopment.（但是，一个未能制止滥用明显有缺陷的法医证据形式的制度，在确保证据的完整性和促进科学健康发展方面，也可能完全没有能力保障使用更有力、更复杂的证据形式）可知作者对于新技术的可靠性是有所怀疑的，选D选项“可疑”，同时可知B选项“值得信赖”错误；A选项“矛盾”以及C选项“免费”不符合原文。因此D选项正确。

9.单选题

Inthispoorcountry,survivalisstilltheleadingindustry;allelseis（）.

问题1选项

A.luxury

B.accommodation

C.entertainment

D.refreshment

【答案】A

【解析】句意:在这个贫穷的国家，生存仍然是主要的事情，所有其它都是奢侈。

考查名词辨析。luxury奢侈，奢侈品，不常有的乐趣(或享受、优势)；accommodation住处，膳宿，和解；entertainment娱乐，款待，refreshment点心，起提神作用的东西，精力恢复。根据前面句意“生存仍然是主要的事情”可知A符合句意。

10.单选题

Doctorswarnedagainstchewingtobaccoasa___forsmoking.

问题1选项

A.succession

B.substitute

C.revival

D.relief

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项succession“连续；继位；继承权；（生态）演替”；B选项substitute“代用品；代替者”；C选项revival“复兴；复活；苏醒；恢复精神；再生效”；D选项relief“救济；减轻，解除；安慰；浮雕”。句意：医生警告不要用咀嚼烟草___吸烟。本句表达“不要用咀嚼烟草代替吸烟”，因此B选项正确。

11.单选题

Inthefuturethelittleprivacywenowhavewillbegone.Somepeoplecallthislossofprivacy’’Orwellian"，harkingbackto1984.GeorgeOrwell’sclassicworkonprivacyandautonomy.Inthatbook,Orwellimaginedafutureinwhichatotalitarianstateusedspies,videosurveillance,andcontroloverthemediatomaintainitspower.Buttheageofmonolithicstatecontrolisover.Thefuturewe'rerushingtowardisn'toneinwhichoureverymoveiswatchedandrecordedbyanall-knowngovernment.Itisinsteadafutureofahundredelectronicmonitorswhoconstantlywatchandinterruptourdailylives,andwherethreatstoprivacyfindtheirrootsinthefreemarket,advancedtechnology,andtheunbridledexchangeofelectronicinformation.

Theproblemwiththeword"privacy"’isthatitfallsshortofconveyingthereallybigpicture.Privacyisn'tjustabouthidingthings.It’saboutself-possession,autonomy,andintegrity.Aswemoveintothecomputerizedworldofthe21century,privacywillbeoneofourmostimportantcivilrights.Butthisrightofprivacyisn'ttherightofpeopletoclosetheirdoorsandpulldowntheirwindowshades-perhapsbecausetheywanttoengageinsomesortofillicitorillegalactivity.It’stherightofpeopletocontrolwhichdetailsabouttheirlivesstayinsidetheirownhousesandwhichleaktotheoutside.

Today'swaronprivacyisintimatelyrelatedtotherecentdramaticadvancesintechnology.Manypeopletodaysaythatinordertoenjoythebenefitsofmodemsociety,wemustnecessarilyrelinquishsomedegreeofprivacy.Ifwewanttheconvenienceofpayingforamealbycreditcard,thenwemustaccepttheroutinecollectionofourpurchasesinalargedatabaseoverwhichwehavenocontrol.

Thistrade-offisbothunnecessaryandwrong.Itremindsmeofanothercrisisoursocietyfacedbackinthefiftiesandsixties-theenvironmentalcrisis.Then,advocatesofbigbusinesssaidthatpoisonedriversandlakeswerethenecessarycostsofeconomicdevelopment,jobs,andanimprovedstandardofliving.Poisonwasprogress:anybodywhoarguedotherwisesimplydidn’tunderstandthefacts.

Todayweknowbetter.Todayweknowthatsustainableeconomicdevelopmentdependsonpreservingtheenvironment.Similarly,inordertoreapthebenefitsoftechnology.Itismoreimportantthaneverforustousetechnologytoprotectpersonalfreedom.

1.Thepassageindicatesthatprivacyis（

）.

2.Inline18,theunderlined”degree”mostnearlymeans

（

）.

3.Lines18-20("Ifwecontrol”)primarilyserveto

（

）.

4.Thestatementsinlines24-25(’’poison"facts”)isintendedtorepresentthepointofviewof

（

）.

5.Thepassageconcludesbysuggestingthatiftechnologyistohaveapositiveeffectonpeople’slives,then

（

）.

6.Theauthorsupportstheideathatprivacycanbeprotected（

）.

问题1选项

A.lessvaluedbypeoplethanitoncewas

B.difficulttomaintaininthecontemporaryworld

C.necessaryforindividualfreedom

D.astumblingblocktoeconomicgrowth

问题2选项

A.stage

B.sequence

C.measure

D.standing

问题3选项

A.introduceanadditionalpoint

B.discourageacourseofaction

C.questionadecision

D.illustrateaprecedingstatement

问题4选项

A.bigbusiness

B.environment

C.theauthor

D.thepublic

问题5选项

A.individualrightsmustbeexpanded

B.protectivemeasuresmustbetaken

C.technologicaladvancesmustbesupported

D.furtherresearchmustbefound

问题6选项

A.atamodestcosttomostbusiness

B.withthehelpofnewtechnologies

C.withoutgivingupvaluedservices

D.throughappropriategovernmentinterventions

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

第6题:B

【解析】1.文章第一句提到在未来，我们现在拥有的隐私都会消失（Inthefuturethelittleprivacywenowhavewillbegone.），未来将会有100台电子监视器不断监视和干扰我们的日常生活，对隐私的威胁根源于自由市场、先进的科学技术和电子信息交流（Itisinsteadafutureofahundredelectronicmonitorswhoconstantlywatchandinterruptourdailylives,andwherethreatstoprivacyfindtheirrootsinthefreemarket,advancedtechnology,andtheunbridledexchangeofelectronicinformation）。选项B“隐私在当代世界很难维持”符合题意。

2.题干中的单词出现在文章第三段第二句话Manypeopletodaysaythatinordertoenjoythebenefitsofmodemsociety,wemustnecessarilyrelinquishsomedegreeofprivacy（今天很多人说，为了享受现代社会的好处，我们必须放弃一定……隐私），由some这个词可以推测这里指的是“一定程度上的隐私”。选项C符合题意，表示“程度；测量”。

3.文章第三段最后一句话Ifwewanttheconvenienceofpayingforamealbycreditcard,thenwemustaccepttheroutinecollectionofourpurchasesinalargedatabaseoverwhichwehavenocontrol提到如果我们想要用信用卡支付餐费的方便，那么我们必须在一个我们无法控制的大型数据库中接受日常的采购收集。这个具体的例子是为了说明前文提到的“为了享受一些权益，我们必须放弃一定程度上的隐私”（Manypeopletodaysaythatinordertoenjoythebenefitsofmodemsociety,wemustnecessarilyrelinquishsomedegreeofprivacy）。选项D符合题意。

4.文章倒数第二段最后两句话提到大企业的拥护者认为有毒的河流和湖泊是经济增长必须的代价。毒药就是进步：那些反对的人是不了解这个事实（Then,advocatesofbigbusinesssaidthatpoisonedriversandlakeswerethenecessarycostsofeconomicdevelopment,jobs,andanimprovedstandardofliving.Poisonwasprogress:anybodywhoarguedotherwisesimplydidn’tunderstandthefact）。所以可以知道关于“毒药”这些观点是一些大企业的观点，选项A符合题意。

5.文章最后一段提到可持续的发展取决于保护环境。为了从技术那获得好处，利用技术来保护个人自由比以往任何时候更重要，因此，选项C“先进的技术必须得到支持”符合题意。

6.文章中提到今天的隐私战争是由科学技术的发展引起的，也提到可以通过利用一些技术来保护隐私，选项B符合题意。

12.单选题

Anumberoffactorsrelatedtothevoicerevealthepersonalityofthespeaker.Thefirstisthebroadareaofcommunication,whichincludesimpartinginformationbyuseoflanguage,communicatingwithagrouporanindividual,andspecializedcommunicationthroughperformance.Apersonconveysthoughtsandideasthroughchoiceofwords,byatoneofvoicethatispleasantorunpleasant,gentleorharsh,bytherhythmthatisinherentwithinthelanguageitself,andbyspeechrhythmsthatareflowingandregularorunevenandhesitant,andfinally,bythepitchandmelodyoftheutterance.Whenspeakingbeforeagroup,aperson’stonemayindicateunsurenessorfright,confidenceorcalm.Atinterpersonallevels,thetonemayreflectideasandfeelingsoverandabovethewordschosen,ormaybeliethem.Heretheconversant’stonecanconsciouslyorunconsciouslyreflectintuitivesympathyorantipathy,lackofconcernorinterest,fatigue,anxiety,enthusiasmorexcitement,allofwhichareusuallydiscerniblebytheacutelistener.Publicperformanceisamannerofcommunicationthatishighlyspecializedwithitsowntechniquesforobtainingeffectsbyvoiceand/orgesture.Themotivationderivedfromthetext,andinthecaseofsinging,themusic,incombinationwiththeperformer’sskills,personality,andabilitytocreateempathywilldeterminethesuccessofartistic,political,orpedagogiccommunication.

Second,thevoicegivespsychologicalcluestoaperson’sself-image,perceptionofothers,andemotionalhealth.Self-imagecanbeindicatedbyatoneofvoicethatisconfident,pretentious,shy,aggressive,outgoing,orexuberant,tonameonlyafewpersonalitytraits.Alsothesoundmaygiveacluetothefacadeormaskofthatperson,forexample,ashypersonhidingbehindanoverconfidentfront.Howaspeakerperceivesthelistener’sreceptiveness,interest,orsympathyinanygivenconversationcandrasticallyalterthetoneofpresentation,byencouragingordiscouragingthespeaker.Emotionalhealthisevidencedinthevoicebyfreeandmelodicsoundsofthehappy,byconstrictedandharshsoundoftheangry,andbydullandlethargicqualitiesofthedepressed.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Whatdoestheauthormeanbystatingthat,atinterpersonallevels,tonemayreflectideasandfeelingsoverandabovethewordschosen(lines8-9)?

3.Whydoestheauthormentionartistic,political,orpedagogiccommunicationinline15?

4.Accordingtothepassage,anexuberanttoneofvoicemaybeanindicationofaperson’s

5.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoesaconstrictedandharshvoiceindicate?

问题1选项

A.Thefunctionofthevoiceinperformance

B.Theconnectionbetweenvoiceandpersonality

C.Communicationstyles

D.Theproductionofspeech

问题2选项

A.Feelingsareexpressedwithdifferentwordsthanideasare.

B.Thetoneofvoicecancarryinformationbeyondthemeaningofwords.

C.Ahightoneofvoicereflectsanemotionalcommunication.

D.Feelingsaremoredifficulttoexpressthanideas.

问题3选项

A.Asexamplesofpublicperformance.

B.Asexamplesofbasicstylesofcommunication

C.Tocontrastthemtosinging

D.Tointroducetheideaofself-image

问题4选项

A.generalphysicalhealth

B.personality

C.abilitytocommunicate

D.vocalquality

问题5选项

A.lethargy

B.depression

C.boredom

D.anger

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.文章第一段第一句话便是全文的中心句Anumberoffactorsrelatedtothevoicerevealthepersonalityofthespeaker.（与说话嗓音有关的一些因素显露出说话者的个性）。选项B“嗓音与个性的联系”符合题意。

2.文章第一段Heretheconversant’stonecanconsciouslyorunconsciouslyreflectintuitivesympathyorantipathy,lackofconcernorinterest,fatigue,anxiety,enthusiasmorexcite