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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-内江卫生与健康职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Somewomen(

)agoodsalaryinajobinsteadofstayinghome,buttheydecidednottoworkforthesakeofthefamily.

问题1选项

A.mustmake

B.wouldmake

C.shouldhavemade

D.couldhavemade

【答案】D

【解析】考查情态动词。mustdo表示对现在的肯定的推测;woulddo表对将来的推测;shouldhavedone表示过去本应该做某事却未做,表达一种责备或内疚的语气;couldhavedone表示过去本能够做某事却未做,表示对过去事情的假设。此句是对过去情况的一种推测,因此选D。句意:有些女性本可以在工作中挣到高薪,而不是呆在家里,但她们决定为了家庭而不去工作。

2.单选题

Freddoesn’tlikewhitecoffee,nordoesheliketoputcreamonhisstrawberries,becauseheprefersthem______.

问题1选项

A.natural

B.plain

C.simple

D.ordinary

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.natural自然的;天然的B.plain朴素的;简单的

C.simple简单的D.ordinary普通的;平常的

【答案】B

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】按照主句内容“弗雷德不喜欢加牛奶的咖啡,也不喜欢在草莓上加奶油”可推知,他喜欢吃原滋原味的食物,plain可以表示食物等素净、清淡的,所以该题选择B项恰当。

【干扰项排除】

A项、D项不符合句意;

C项指人或事物拥有他们所需要的所有基本或必要的东西,或者某件事物易于理解,不符合语境。

【句意】弗雷德不喜欢加牛奶的咖啡,也不喜欢在草莓上加奶油,因为他喜欢原味的食物。

3.单选题

TheorangutanofSumatraandBorneoshares96.4percentofthesamegeneticmake-upashumans.Thesepeaceful,[A]red-hairprimatesspendtheirdays[B]chewingonfruit,leavesandflowersfromtrees,[C]alongwithanystrayinsectsthatmightbehidden[D]amongthefoliage.

问题1选项

A.red-hair

B.chewingon

C.alongwith

D.amongthefoliage

【答案】A

【解析】考查词形。A选项后面修饰的是primates“灵长类”,名词,因此划线词应为形容词形式。这类词语的构成规则为:形容词+名词+ed构成新的形容词,所以应将red-hair改为red-haired“红发的”。

4.翻译题

Directions:translatetheunderlinedpartofthefollowingTEXTintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

人与自然是生命共同体,人类必须尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然。人类只有遵循自然规律才能有效防止在开发利用自然上走弯路,人类对大自然的伤害最终会伤及人类自身这是无法抗拒的规律。

我们要建设的现代化是人与自然和谐共生的现代化,既要创造更多物质财富和精神财富以满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要,也要提供更多优质生态产品以满足人民日益增长的优美生态环境需要。必须坚持节约优先、保护优先、自然恢复为主的方针,形成节约资源和保护环境的空间格局、产业结构、生产方式、生活方式,还自然以宁静、和谐、美丽。

【答案】Asacommunityoflife,humanmustrespect,conformtoandprotectnature.Onlybyfollowingthelawsofnaturecanhumanbeingseffectivelypreventdetoursinthedevelopmentandutilizationofnature.Itisanirresistiblelawthathumanbeings’harmtonaturewilleventuallyhurtthemselves.

Themodernizationweseekisoneinwhichhumanandnatureliveinharmony.Weneedtocreatemorematerialandspiritualwealthtomeetpeople’sever-growingneedsforabetterlife,andweneedalsotoprovidemorequalityecologicalgoodstomeetpeople’sever-growingdemandsforabeautifulenvironment.

5.单选题

Completesilenceisfoundonlyinlaboratoriescalledanechoicrooms.Thewallsandceilings,madeofblocksofspecialsound-suckingmaterials,aremorethanthreefeetthick,whilefloorcoveringsaresix-footlayersoffeathersorcottonwool.Silenceherecanbeaspainfultotheearsasthedin(continuousloudnoise)ofasteelworksorarocketblast-off,yetscientistsgetusedtothisandstayinthesesilentroomsforhoursatatime,usingmicrophonesandelectronicequipmenttotestthevariousmaterialsbeingdevelopedtomaketheworldalessnoisyplace.

Architectshaveusedscientificdiscoveriestosolvenoiseprobleminanumberofways.Wallsarehollowed(havingemptyspaceinside)andthenfilledwithsound-suckingmaterialssimilartocottonwool.Extra-thickcarpetscoverthefloors,andthickwoolencurtainscoverthewindows.Airconditioningandheatingchannelsaremadelessnoisybysound-suckingmaterials.

Unfortunately,thesetechniquesandothersoftenworktoowellinsomebuildings.Noise-proofroomsbecomealmostanechoicandpeoplelivinginthemaredisturbedbythelackofsound.Onewayofhandlingthisproblemistousewhattheycall“soundperfume”—artificial(similarlyproduced,madebyman)noiseispipedtoroomsthroughsmallloudspeakers.

1.Scientistsuseanechoicroomfor().

2.Thewriterimpliesthat().

3.Peoplesufferinanechoicroomsprobablybecause().

4.Thearticlesuggeststhat().

问题1选项

A.measuringnoiselevelsofsteelworks

B.measuringblocksoffeathers

C.testingsound-absorbingmaterials

D.testingelectronicequipment

问题2选项

A.untrainedpeoplecannotstaylonginanechoicrooms

B.performingexperimentsinanechoicroomscanbeafrighteningexperience

C.architectsmakepracticaluseoftheinformationgatheredbyscientists

D.scientistsdonotcarefornoiseproblem

问题3选项

A.theyareallowedtomoveandspeak

B.theyareusedlohearingnoisearoundthem

C.thegreaterairpressurehurtstheirears

D.alloftheabove

问题4选项

A.loudspeakersareasimportantassound-proofingmaterials

B.anechoicroomswillbeincludedinallnewbuildings

C.scientificdevicesaresometimestoosuccessful

D.alloftheabove

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:A

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据第一段最后一句“...scientistsgetusedto...testthevariousmaterialsbeingdevelopedtomaketheworldalessnoisyplace.”科学家习惯待在这些安静的房间里数小时,使用麦克风和电子设备来测试各种减少噪音的材料。选项C符合原文。

2.细节推理题。根据第一段最后一句“Silenceherecanbeaspainfultotheearsasthedin(continuousloudnoise)ofasteelworksorarocketblast-off...”这里的安静对于耳朵来说是痛苦的,就好像钢铁厂里或者火箭发射时所产生的连续不断的噪音。由此可推断,在这种环境下做实验是非常可怕的经历。所以选项B正确。

3.细节推理题。根据最后一段第二一句“peoplelivinginthemaredisturbedbythelackofsound.”住在里面的人因为没有声音而感到不安。人们在消音室里觉得很痛苦是因为人们不习惯周围一点儿噪音都没有,所以选项B符合原文。

4.事实细节题。根据最后一段的内容可知,住在完全消音的房间里,人们往往会因为没有声音而感到不安,这时候就可以使用人造噪音通过小喇叭传到房间里。也就是说扬声器和隔音材料同样重要。选项A正确。选项C是事实,不是文章给出的建议,所以不选。

6.单选题

Thetownplanningcommissionsaidthattheirfinancialoutlookforthenextyearwasoptimistic.Theyexpectincreasedtax().

问题1选项

A.efficiency

B.revenues

C.privileges

D.validity

【答案】B

【解析】名词辨析。句意:城镇规划委员会对他们下一年的经济前景持乐观态度。他们期盼税收增加。

efficiency效率;revenue税收,收益;privilege特权;validity有效性。taxrevenue表示“税收”,是常用词组。故本题选B。

7.单选题

Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucratic(官僚主义的)managementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,Nell-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human–relations”experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblueandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.Theworkerandemployeeageanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob;theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionofinterestinglife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.

Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalaryhutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureofsubmissivenessandindependence.Fromthemomentontheyaretestedagainandagain--bythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellow—competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.

AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century“freeenterprise”capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemformabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfoildevelopmentofhispotentialities—thoseofallloveandofreason—aretheaimsofsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.

1.By“awell-oiledcoginthemachinery”theauthorintendstodelivertheideathatmanis().

2.Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat().

3.Fromthepassagewecanconcludethatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothose().

4.Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorputsforwardasuggestionthatweshould().

5.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsindustrialismmightbestbesummarizedasoneof().

问题1选项

A.anecessarypartofthesocietythougheachindividual’sfunctionisnegligible

B.workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofthesociety

C.anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofthesociety

D.ahumblecomponentofthesociety,especiallywhenworkingsmoothly

问题2选项

A.theyarelikelytolosetheirjobs

B.theyhavenogenuinesatisfactionorinterestinlife

C.theyarefacedwiththefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistence

D.theyaredeprivedoftheirindividualityandindependence

问题3选项

A.whoareatthebottomofthesociety

B.whoarehigherupintheirsocialstatus

C.whoprovebetterthantheirfellow-competitors

D.whocoulddipfarawayfromthiscompetitiveworld

问题4选项

A.resorttotheproductionmodeofourancestors

B.offerhigherwagestotheworkersandemployees

C.enablemantofullydevelophispotentialities

D.takethefundamentalrealitiesforgranted

问题5选项

A.approval

B.dissatisfaction

C.suspicion

D.susceptibility

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段,“Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.”,可知总的来说,我们的社会正在变成一个由官僚主义管理下的大型企业,在这种管理下,人成了机器上一个小小的、润滑的机械化齿轮。可判断出作者认为与社会其他部分相比,人是一个不重要的部分。选项C符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第一段,“Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.”,可知他们从生到死从来没有面对过人类作为情感和智力独立和有生产力的人存在的基本现实。可判断出工人和雇员焦虑的真正原因是他们被剥夺了个性和独立性。选项D符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第二段,“Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.”,可知社会地位较高的人也同样焦虑。他们的生活和他们的下属一样空虚。可判断地位高的人和地位低的人都同样焦虑,选项A和B可排除。根据文章第二段,“Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellow—competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.”,可知这种不断地证明自己与竞争对手一样优秀或比对手更好的需要,造成了不断的焦虑和压力,而这些正是不快乐和疾病的根源。选项C可排除。选项D符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段,“Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystem…intoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfoildevelopmentofhispotentialities—thoseofallloveandofreason—aretheaimsofsocialarrangements.”,可知作者建议把社会变成一种以人为本的工业主义,人与潜能的发展,即所有的爱和理性的潜能,是社会发展的目标。可判断出作者建议使人能成分发挥他的潜能。选项C符合题意。

5.作者态度题。文章一开始提到了在工业化社会中,人们变得渺小,成为这个社会大型企业的一个机械齿轮,工人和雇主都变得焦虑。上层人士和底层的工人在工业化的社会中都感到焦虑和不安,没有任何幸福感可言。可判断出作者用大量的篇幅阐述了工业化社会带来的消极影响,所以作者的态度应该是不满的。选项B符合题意。

8.单选题

Thereis()conflictinginformationonhowmuchironwomenneedintheirdiet.

问题1选项

A.somuch

B.somany

C.toofew

D.afew

【答案】A

【解析】information是不可数名司,只有选项A后面接不可数名词。

9.单选题

Itisreportedthatfewerandfeweroftoday'sworkersexpecttospendtheirworkinglivesinthesamefield,()thesamecompany.

问题1选项

A.muchworse

B.letalone

C.allelse

D.lesslikely

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项muchworse“更糟糕的是...”;B选项letalone“更不用说,听任,不打扰”;C选项allelse“其他所有”;D选项lesslikely“最不可能的”。句意:据报道,如今越来越少的工人希望自己的职业生涯都在同一领域工作,更不用说同一家公司了。选项B符合句意。

10.单选题

InFebruaryof2005,PhilBelfiorewasteachinghisseventh-gradestudentshowtowriteapoemintentionallycopyingthestyleoftheRobertfrost’s“StoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEvening”.Helikedthesamplethathehadwrittenforthem,soherecordeditonhishomeansweringmachine:“WhosephonethisisIthinkyouknow/Icannotansweritnowthough/Sostateyourname,beveryclear/I’llcallyoubackwhenIgethome.’’.

Thatactwouldleadtooneofthemostunusualfriendshipsofhislife.

WhenPhilandhisfamilyreturnedtoMarylandfromEastervacation,helistenedtohisvoicemessages.Onegentlemancallerapologizedfordialingthewrongnumber.Butheaddedhe’dheartilyenjoyedthepoem.Phillaughedandthoughtnothingmoreofit,untilthephonerangafewdayslater.

“Irecognizedthevoiceimmediately,”recallsPhil,now57.“Hesaidthathewassorrytobotherme,buthewascallingtohearthepoemagain.”

Thetwomentalked.JohnThompson,aveterannow73,livedinCheyenneWyoming.Itturnedoutthathisbrother,David’sphonenumberwasdifferentfromPhil’sbyonedigit,thusthewrongnumber.“Beforehangingup,Itoldhimtocallbackanytimewhethertohearmoreofthepoemorjusttotalk”recallsPhil.

Thatwas11yearsago.They’vespokenonthephoneafewtimesamontheversince.Johninitiatesmostcalls,butPhilwillringifawhilehaspassed.“Weseemtoalwaysconnectwhenthere’sbeenabigsportsevent.”Philsays.

Themendiscussfootballandfamily.JohnwilltalkexcitedlyabouthispastlifeorupdatePhilonfolkshehasbeenintouchwith.“Slowlyovertheyearsourconversationshavegrownmuchmorepersonal,”saysPhil.“WetalkprimarilyaboutJohn’shealth,andlovelife.Alsoourrelatives,hobbies,andwhateverelsecomesup.Sometimeswejusttalkforaminutetoseehowtheotherisdoing.”

“Likeoldfriends?”Iaskeagerly.I’mtryingtounderstandfromPhilwhatdrawsthesementoeachother.’’Weareoldfriends.’’,Philsays.

Noneedtooverthinkit.John,whoover11yearshassharedalittleofhimselfatatime,haswovenhimselfintothefabricofPhil’slife.IcallJohnandfindhimanengagingstorytellerwithanexceptionalmemory.HetellsmestoriesofhischildhoodvisitingCapitolHill.

Intheyearssince,JohnandPhilhaveplannedtomeettwice,butcircumstancesconspiredagainstthem.Neithermindsthislatest“haven’t”.Theyhaven’tgonetoagametogether,hadacupofcoffeetogether,orsatontheotherssofa.Theirfriendshipisbasedonthesimpleactofpickingupthephone.It’sassimple,andasextraordinary,asthat.

1.WhocomposedtheverseonthePhil’shomeansweringmachine?

2.ThereasonwhyJohnfirstcalledPhilwasthathewantedto_______.

3.Whatdidthetwomentalkaboutmostduringtheirtalks?

4.WhatdoweknowaboutJohnandPhil?

问题1选项

A.PhilBelfiore

B.JohnThompson

C.Robertfrost

D.DavidThompson

问题2选项

A.learntowritepoems

B.gotoPhil’sbirthdaylunch

C.connecthisbrother

D.discussRobertfrostwithhim

问题3选项

A.Storiesandholidayromance

B.Travelandexoticplaces

C.Poemsandliterature

D.Sportsandfamily

问题4选项

A.Theywerebestfriendswhohadnotyetmetinperson.

B.Theywerebothpoetswhohadpassionforversecomposition.

C.Theyweregoodstorytellerswhohadextraordinarymemories.

D.Theywerebothveteranswholikedchattingonphoneforhours.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】1.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干:谁编著了菲尔家答录机里的这首诗?通过题干定位到文章第一段的第二句话Helikedthesamplethathehadwrittenforthem,soherecordeditonhishomeansweringmachine(他很喜欢他写给学生的样例,所以他将其录入了家里的答录机),这里的“he”代指的就是前文中提到的“PhilBelfiore”,因此A选项“菲尔•贝尔菲奥尔”,符合题意。其他选项均不是答录机里这首诗的作家。综上所述,本题正确答案为A选项。

2.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干:约翰首次呼叫菲尔的原因是他想要……?通过题干定位到文章第三段第二句话Onegentlemancallerapologizedfordialingthewrongnumber.(一位绅士为打错电话而道歉。),第五段第三句话再次提及Itturnedoutthathisbrother,David’sphonenumberwasdifferentfromPhil’sbyonedigit,thusthewrongnumber.(约翰的哥哥大卫的电话号码和菲尔家的仅差一个数字,所以打错了电话),可以推断出约翰本来想和他的哥哥打电话,因为按错了号码打给了菲尔,因此C选项“联系他哥哥”,符合题意;A选项“学习怎么写诗”,B选项“参加菲尔的生日宴会”和D选项“和他探讨罗伯特这位诗人”,在文中均未提及。综上所述,本题正确答案为C选项。

3.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干:两位男士谈论得最多的是?通过题干定位到文章第七段Themendiscussfootballandfamily…“Slowlyovertheyearsourconversationshavegrownmuchmorepersonal,’’saysPhil.“WetalkprimarilyaboutJohn’shealth,andlovelife.Alsoourrelatives,hobbies,andwhateverelsecomesup…”(男人们谈论足球和家庭……“这些年来,我们的谈话慢慢变得越来越私人。”菲尔说。“我们主要谈论约翰的健康和感情生活,还有我们的亲戚、爱好和其他的……”),可知D选项“运动和家庭”,符合题意;A选项“故事和假期”;B选项“旅行和异国”;C选项“诗歌和文学”,在文中均未提及。综上所述,本题正确答案为D选项。

4.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干:关于约翰和菲尔,我们知道什么?A选项“他们是没有见过面的最好的朋友”,由文章最后一段第一句话JohnandPhilhaveplannedtomeettwice,butcircumstancesconspiredagainstthem.(约翰和菲尔有过两次见面计划,但是情况都有变动。),可知他们从没见面过,故A选项正确;B选项“他们都是对诗歌创作很有热情的诗人”,D选项“他们都是喜欢长时间打电话的退伍军人”文中提及菲尔是教师,约翰是退伍老兵,因此B,D选项错误;C选项“他们都是有特殊回忆的善于说故事的人”,文章倒数第二段第二句提及IcallJohnandfindhimanengagingstorytellerwithanexceptionalmemory.(我认为约翰是一位有特殊回忆的善于说故事的人),但是并没有提及菲尔是否擅长讲故事,C选项属于原文的过度推断,故排除。综上所述,本题正确答案为A选项。

11.单选题

Wordhadcomefromthemanager______anewtransactionwouldbeconcluded.

问题1选项

A.who

B.that

C.which

D.when

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查同位语从句。句意:经理传出消息说将达成一笔新交易。横线前后都是完整的句子,结合横线后面的句子对word进行补充说明,确定横线后面为同位语从句,that引导同位语从句,B选项that符合题意。C选项which不引导同位语从句,A选项who和D选项when不符合语境。因此B选项正确。

12.单选题

Thesewerestubbornmen,noteasily(

)tochangetheirmind.

问题1选项

A.tilted

B.converted

C.persuaded

D.suppressed

【答案】C

【解析】考察形容词和动词的过去分词辨析。Tiltled“倾斜的”;converted“修改的,改变的”;persuaded“说服,劝说”;suppressed“抑制的”。句意:他们很固执,不容易被说服改变注意。选项C符合题意。

13.单选题

Somestudiesconfirmedthatthiskindofeyediseasewas()intropicalcountries.

问题1选项

A.prospective

B.prevalent

C.provocative

D.perpetual

【答案】B

【解析】句意:一些研究证实这种眼病在热带国家是普遍的。

考查形容词辨析。prospective未来的;预期的;prevalent流行的;普遍的;provocative刺激的,挑拨的;气人的;perpetual永久的;不断的。空格处形容词的主语是eyedisease(眼病),因此B符合句意。

14.单选题

Themanhadeithertoleavethecountryimmediatelyortosurrenderhimselftotheenemyandhadnootherchoice.

问题1选项

A.alternative

B.hope

C.resource

D.approach

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项alternative“二中选一;供替代的选择”;B选项hope“希望”;C选项resource“资源”;D选项approach“方式”。句意:这个人要么立即离开这个国家,要么向敌人投降,结合此处关键短语leavethecountry(离开这个国家)以及surrenderhimselftotheenemy(向敌人投降),可推测他是在两者之间进行选择,由此得知A选项正确。

15.单选题

DoyouthinkhewillrelinquishhisseatintheSenate?

问题1选项

A.admonish

B.giveup

C.cede

D.accept

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。relinquish意为“(尤指不情愿地)放弃”;admonish意为“劝告”;giveup意为“放弃”,指行为或努力受挫或别的原因而主动放弃;cede意为“让给,割让(常表示被迫)”;accept意为“接受,同意”。

句意:你认为他会放弃他在参议院的席位吗?

16.单选题

Today,wewhoreadLatinreturnfarmoreoftentotheexuberanceofApuleiusthantothecarefullymolded(

)ofCicero.

问题1选项

A.platitudes

B.objects

C.piracies

D.redundancies

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。platitude“陈词滥调”;object“目标”;piracy“海盗行为”;redundancy“信息冗余”。句意:今天,相比精心塑造的西塞罗的陈词滥调,阅读拉丁文的我们更经常回想起奥里利乌斯的慷慨激昂。由exuberance及than可知空格处与exuberance意思相反。

17.单选题

Suchasanguineconclusionmayseemoddatatimewhenfuriousargumentsarenodoubtragingbehindthescenes.

问题1选项

A.puissant

B.sapient

C.propitious

D.berserk

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项puissant“强大的,强盛的;有势力的,有权力的”;B选项sapient“聪明的;伶俐的;装聪明样的;有见识的”;C选项propitious“适合的;有利的;顺利的”;D选项berserk“狂怒的,失控的:(激动得)控制不住的”。句意:在激烈的争论毫无疑问正在幕后肆虐之际,这样一个乐观的结论可能显得有些奇怪。sanguine“乐观的;满怀希望的;面色红润的”,C选项与该词意思最相近,因此C选项正确。

18.单选题

Rodisdeterminedtogetaseatfortheconcert(

)itmeansstandinginaqueueallnight.

问题1选项

A.asif

B.evenif

C.provided

D.whatever

【答案】B

【解析】考查连词辨析。asif“好像”;evenif“即使,尽管”;provided“假如,倘若”;whatever“无论什么”。句意:即使要排一整晚的队,罗德也决心要买到演唱会的票。根据前后句意可判断是让步关系,故B项符合,答案B

19.单选题

TheproductivityofAmericansemployedinprivatebusinesseshasdeclined.TheproductivityofworkersincountriessuchasJapanandGermanyisincreasing.Americanmachinetools,onaverage,areold,relativelyinefficient,andrapidlybecomingobsolete,whereasthoseofourcompetitorsoverseas,incomparison,arenewerandmoreefficient.Wearenolongerthemostproductiveworkersintheworld.Wearenolongertheleadersinindustrialinnovation.Weareanimmenselywealthynationofeducatedmenandwomenwhoseemtohavelostsightofthefactthateverything—fromthesimplestnecessitiestothefinestluxuries—mustbeproducedthroughourowncollectivehardwork.Wehavecometoexpectautomaticincreasesinourcollectivestandardofliving,butweseemtohaveforgottenthattheseincreasesarepossibleonlywhenourproductivitycontinuestogrow.

Onethingthatmustchangeistherateatwhichwesubstitutecapitalequipmentforhumanlabor.Simplyput,ourlaborforcehasincreasedatafargreaterratethanhasourstockofcapitalinvestment.Weseemtohaveforgottenthatourpastproductivitygains,toalargeextent,wererealizedfromsubstitutionsofcapitalforhumanlabor.Today,3timesasmanyrobotsarelistedascapitalassetsbyJapanesefirmsasbyUnitedStatesfirms.

ThereisnodoubtthatrobotswillbecomeacommonsightinAmericanfactories.Representinganewgenerationoftechnology,robotswillreplacefactorylabormuchasthefarmtractorreplacedthehorse.Robottechnologyhasmuchtooffer.Itoffershigherlevelsofproductivityandqualityatlowercosts;inpromisestofreemenandwomenfromthedull,repetitioustoilofthefactory;itislikelytohaveanimpactonsocietycomparabletothatmadebythegrowthofcomputertechnology.

1.Theword“obsolete”(Para.1)mostprobablymeans().

2.Theauthorisanxiousabout().

3.Accordingtotheauthor,inhiscountry().

4.Sofarastheinfluenceonsocietyisconcerned,().

5.Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageistoshowthat().

问题1选项

A.weak

B.old

C.new

D.outofdate

问题2选项

A.hispeoplenolongertakingtheleadinindustrialinnovation

B.hiscountrynolongerbeingawealthynation

C.hispeopleforgettingtoraisetheirproductivity

D.hiscountryfallingbehindotherindustrialnations

问题3选项

A.theproportionoflaborforcetocapitalinvestmentisquitelow

B.thegrowthrateoflaborforceshouldbegreaterthanthatofcapitalinvestment

C.theproductivityincreasesshouldbeachievedbytheincreasesoflaborforce

D.capitalinvestmentshouldhaveincreasedmorerapidlythanlaborforce

问题4选项

A.robottechnologyseemstobemuchmorepromisingthancomputertechnology

B.computertechnologyhaslesstoofferthanrobottechnology

C.robottechnologycanbecomparedwithcomputertechnology

D.robottechnologycannotbecomparedwithcomputertechnology

问题5选项

A.robotswillhelpincreaselaborproductivity

B.robotswillruleAmericanfactories

C.robotsarecheaperthanhumanlaborers

D.robotswillfinallyreplacehumansinfactories

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.语义推测题。由题干关键词“obsolete”可以定位到第一段第三句Americanmachinetools,onaverage,areold,relativelyinefficient,andrapidlybecomingobsolete(平均而言,美国的机床比较老旧,效率较低,而且很快就会过时),说明“obsolete”在文中的意思是过时的。因此D选项“过时”正确。A选项“弱的”,B选项“老的”,C选项“新的”不符合题意,所以A,B,C错误。

2.推理判断题。由A选项关键词“industrialinnovation”可以定位到文章第一段第五句Wearenolongertheleadersinindustrialinnovation.(我们不再是产业创新的领导者。),A选项“他的人民在产业创新方面不再处于领先地位”表述正确,但文中没有提到作者对此感到焦虑,所以A错误。由B选项关键词“wealthynation”可以定位到文章第一段第六句Weareanimmenselywealthynationofeducatedmenandwomen(我们是一个由受过教育的男男女女组成的非常富有的国家),说明美国是非常富有的,所以B选项“他的国家不再是一个富有的国家”错误。D选项“他的国家落后于其他工业国家”在文中没有提及,所以错误。由C选项关键词“productivity”可以定位到第一段最后一句Wehavecometoexpectautomaticincreasesinourcollectivestandardofliving,butweseemtohaveforgottenthattheseincreasesarepossibleonlywhenourproductivitycontinuestogrow.(我们期望集体生活水平会自动提高,但我们似乎忘记了,只有当我们的生产力持续增长时,这种提高才有可能实现。),说明美国现在面临的问题关键在于人民忘记了提高生产力,这正是作者感到焦虑的地方。因此C选项“他的人民忘记了提高生产力”正确。

3.

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