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住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-对外经济贸易大学考试名师押题精选卷I(带答案详解)(图片可根据实际调整大小)题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.问答题

DemographicindicatorsshowthatAmericansinthepostwarperiodweremoreeagerthanevertoestablish

families.Theyquicklybroughtdowntheageatmarriageforbothmenandwomen

A

andbroughtthebirthratetoatwentiethcenturyheightaftermorethanahundredyearsofsteady

B

C

decline,producingthe"babyboom."

D

【答案】试题答案:B;high

【解析】考查形容词。此处表示他们把男女的婚龄降了下来,使出生率达到了20世纪的高峰。height是名词,一般表示“高度”;high是形容词,一般表示“很高的”,修饰名词。

2.问答题

Lessnotedbutequallysignificant,themenandwomenwhoformedfamiliesbetween1940and1960also

reducedthedivorcerateafterapostwarpeak:theirmarriagesremainedintacttoa

A

B

greaterextentthandidthatofcoupleswhomarriedinearlieraswellaslaterdecades.

C

D

【答案】试题答案:C;those

【解析】考查代词。由“theirmarriages”可知此处代词应用相应的复数形式,that的复数形式为those。

3.填空题

Duringthepasttenorfifteenyearsagreatdealofattentionhasbeen(1)to“tellingitlikeitis,”“or“lettingitallhangout.”Myimpressionisthatthisoverzealousdevotiontospeakingone’smindhasmoreoftenledtohurtfeelingsandruinedrelationshipsthantogreatjoyandfulfillment.

Ithinkwegenerallyagreethatneverexpressingrealfeelingsandrepressingallless-than-lovelythoughtsabouteachother

(2)

leadstoconstructivecommunication.It’sagreatrelieftoallowourselvestheluxuryofacknowledgingourhumanfrailtiesandpursuingmorehonestrelationshipswithothers.Butweneedtostrikea

(3)

betweentellingitallandtellingnothing.

RecentlyIreceivedaletterfromamotherwhohadbeenpersuadedbyhertroubledtwenty-five-year-oldsontoattendaweekendmarathonwithhim.Underpressurefromthegroup,herdefensescollapsedandsheheardherselftellinghersonforthefirsttimethathehadbeenanaccident—thatshehadn’tbeenplanningtohaveachild.Hein

(4)

toldherthathecouldn’trecallasingledayinhischildhoodthathe’dbeenhappy.

“Atthattime,”thiswomanwrote,“itseemedhelpful.Wecriedandwemade

(5)

;Ithoughttellingthetruthhadbeengoodforus.Butthetroubleis,itwasn’tthewholetruth.BythetimeTommywasbornIdidwanthim,andat

(6)

hewashappy.Eversincethatday,we’vebothbeenhauntedbysometerriblefeelingsweshared.”ImustadmitthatI’vecometotheconclusionthatsomethingsarebetterleftunsaid.Honestyisafinepolicyas

(7)

asweknowwhatthetruthreallyis—butmostofthetimewedon’t.It’safinegoaltoencouragechildrentoexpresstheirrealfeelings.Andmanymarriageshavebeensavedbyanopenconfrontationofdeepandpainfulmisunderstandings.Butweneedanewsenseofbalance.Disclosureisnotapanaceaforeveryproblem

(8)

evenanendinitself.It’susefulandfreeingundersomecircumstancesandterriblyhurtfulanddamagingunderothers.

It’sagoodidea,Ithink,to

(9)

yourtonguefortenorfifteenminutesbeforesayingwhat’s

(10)

yourmind.Trytodecidewhetherit’sgoingtoopenupnewandbetteravenuesofcommunicationorleavewoundsthatmayneverheal.

【答案】1.考查固定搭配。attention一般与give相搭配,此处表示被动,用被动语态given。

试题答案:given

2.考查上下文语义。此处表示从不表达真实的感情很取得有效的沟通,故用否定形式hardly,意为“几乎不”。

试题答案:hardly

3.考查上下文语义。此句意为:但我们需要在说出这一切和什么都不说之间取得平衡。strikeabalance意为“达成平衡,调和折衷”。

试题答案:balance

4.考查介词搭配。inturn意为“反过来”。

试题答案:turn

5.考查固定搭配。makeup意为“和解,和好”。

试题答案:up

6.考查固定搭配。attimes意为“有时”。

试题答案:times

7.考查固定搭配。aslongas意为“只要”。

试题答案:long

8.考查固定搭配。nor意为“也不”,not...nor意为“不……也不”,表示否定两者。

试题答案:nor

9.考查固定搭配。biteone’stongue意为“忍住不说话”。

试题答案:bite

10.考查固定搭配。onone’smind意为“使人担心,惦记”。

试题答案:on

4.单选题

Itwasoncethoughtthatairpollutionaffectsonlytheareaimmediatelyaroundlargecitieswithfactoriesand/orheavyautomobiletraffic.Today,weknowthatalthoughthesearetheareaswiththeworstairpollution,theproblemisliterallyworldwide.Onseveraloccasionsoverthepastdecade,aheavycloudofairpollutionhascoveredtheentireeasternhalfoftheUnitedStatesandledtohealthwarningseveninruralareasawayfromanymajorconcentrationofmanufacturingandautomobiletraffic.Infact,theveryclimateoftheentireearthmaybeaffectedbyairpollution.Somescientistsfeelthattheincreasingconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheairresultingfromtheburningoffossilfuels(coalandoil)iscreatinga“greenhouseeffect”—holdinginheatreflectedfromtheearthandraisingtheworld’saveragetemperature.Ifthisviewiscorrectandtheworld’stemperatureisraisedonlyafewdegrees,muchofthepolaricecapwillmeltandcitiessuchasNewYork,Boston,Miami,andNewOrleanswillbeunderwater.

Anotherview,lesswidelyheld,isthatincreasingparticularmatterintheatmosphereisblockingsunlightandloweringtheearth’stemperature—aresultthatwouldbeequallydisastrous.Adropofjustafewdegreescouldcreatesomethingclosetoanewiceage,andwouldmakeagriculturedifficultorimpossibleinmanyofourtopfarmingareas.Atpresentwedonotknowforsurethateitheroftheseconditionswillhappen(thoughonerecentgovernmentreportpreparedbyexpertsinthefieldconcludedthatthegreenhouseeffectisverylikely).Perhaps,ifweareverylucky,thetwotendencieswilloffseteachotherandtheworld’stemperaturewillstayaboutthesameasitisnow.

1.Aspointedoutatthebeginningofthepassage,peopleusedtothinkthatairpollution(

).

2.Asfarasthegreenhouseeffectisconcerned,theauthor

).

3.Theword“offset”inthesecondparagraphcouldbestbereplacedby

).

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagetha

).

5.Thispassageisprimarilyconcernedwith(

).

问题1选项

A.causedwidespreaddamageinthecountryside

B.affectedtheentireeasternhalfoftheUnitedStates

C.haddamagingeffectsonhealth

D.existedmerelyinurbanandindustrialareas

问题2选项

A.sharesthesameviewwiththescientists

B.isuncertainofitsoccurrence

C.rejectsitasbeingungrounded

D.thinksthatitwilldestroytheworldsoon

问题3选项

A.slipinto

B.makeupfor

C.setup

D.catchupwith

问题4选项

A.raisingtheworld’stemperatureonlyafewdegreeswouldnotdomuchharmtolifeonearth.

B.loweringtheworld’stemperaturemerelyafewdegreeswouldleadmanymajorfarmingareastodisaster.

C.almostnotemperaturevariationshaveoccurredoverthepastdecade.

D.theworld’stemperaturewillremainconstantintheyearstocome.

问题5选项

A.greenhouseeffect

B.heburningoffossilfuel

C.thepotentialeffectofairpollution

D.thelikelihoodofanewiceage

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第一段第一句“Itwasoncethoughtthatairpollutionaffectsonlytheareaimmediatelyaroundlargecitieswithfactoriesand/orheavyautomobiletraffic.”人们曾经认为,空气污染只会影响那些有工厂和/或交通严重的大城市周围的地区。因此D选项“只存在于城市和工业区”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。根据文章第二段中“Atpresentwedonotknowforsurethateitheroftheseconditionswillhappen.”目前,我们不确定这两种情况是否会发生,可知作者对温室效应会产生哪种情况是不确定的,因此选B。

3.词义题。slipinto意为“滑进”;makeupfor意为“补偿”;setup意为“建立”;catchupwith意为“追上”。单词“offset”位于文章第二段最后一句中“Perhaps,ifweareverylucky,thetwotendencieswill(也许,如果我们幸运的话,这两种趋势将相互)offseteachotherandtheworld’stemperaturewillstayaboutthesameasitisnow(世界气温将保持目前的水平).”根据单词前后的句意再结合选项意思,可知A选项最为恰当,offset意为“抵消,补偿”。

4.细节事实题。根据文章第二段中“...blockingsunlightandloweringtheearth’stemperature—aresultthatwouldbeequallydisastrous(灾难性的).Adropofjustafewdegreescouldcreatesomethingclosetoanewiceage,andwouldmakeagriculturedifficultorimpossibleinmanyofourtopfarmingareas.”可知降低地球的温度会导致灾难性的结果,哪怕只降低几度也会使许多农业地区受到影响,因此B选项“将世界的温度降低仅仅几度会导致许多主要的农业地区发生灾难”符合题意。

5.主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了空气污染问题,提及的两种观点可能会带来全球的影响,因此选C,文章主要涉及空气污染带来的潜在影响。

5.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese.

It’srainingagain.AsIlieawakeinbed,listeningtothesoundofthoserazor-sharpdropspoundingonthepavement,mymindgoesreelingdowndarkcorridorsteemingwithagonizingflashbacks,andachillfromwithinfillsmewithdread.It’sraining,again.

ItdoesthisyearinSouthernCalifornia;atleastthat’swhattheytoldmelastyearwhenImarveledattherelentlessdeterminationoftherain.Thereseemtobetwoseasonshere.Duringtherainyseason,sometimesthestormsdrenchtheareanonstopfordays.Sometimesthestormscomeandgo.Oftenpropertydamageanddisruptedlivesresult.It’shardtopredicttheintensityofthepatternsfromyeartoyear.Thenthereisthefireseason.Thattakescareofthepropertythatmanagedtosurvivethedeluge,againdisruptinglives.Thedaysconnectingtheseseasonsaremonotonous,withsomesun,somesmogandsomemoresun.ThisisnothinglikebackhomeinColorado.

【答案】又下雨了。我醒着躺在床上,听着那些犀利的的雨点掉落在人行道上的声音。我的思绪陷入了黑暗的走廊,充满了痛苦的回忆,内心的寒意让我充满恐惧。又在下雨了

加利福尼亚南部,今年也如此。当我对雨无情地下个不停感到惊奇时,至少,去年他们是这样告诉我的。这里似乎只有两个季节。在雨季,有时暴风雨连续几天不停地浸透这个地区。有时暴风雨来去不定。往往造成财产损失和生活混乱,每年都很难预测这种模式的强度。然后是火灾季节,从洪水中幸存下来的财物就落到它手里了,再一次扰乱人们的生活。连着这些季节的日子是单调的,仅有一些太阳,一些雾和一些更多的太阳。这和回科罗拉多的家完全不同。

6.填空题

Eachmanisateverymomentsubjected(1)severaldifferentsetsoflawbutthereisonlyoneofthesewhichheisfree

(2)

disobey.Asabody,heissubjectedtogravitationand

(3)

disobeyit;ifyouleavehimunsupportedinmid-air,hehasnomorechoiceaboutfalling

(4)

astonehas.Asanorganism,heissubjectedtovariousbiologicallawswhichhecannotdisobeyanymorethan

(5)

animalcan.Thisis,hecannotdisobeythoselawswhichheshares

(6)

otherthings;butthelawwhichispeculiar

(7)

hishumannature,thelawhedoesnotsharewithanimalsorvegetablesorinorganicthings,istheonehecandisobey

(8)

hechooses.

Thislawwas

(9)

theLawofNaturebecausepeoplethoughtthateveryoneknewitbynatureanddidnotneedtobetaught

(10)

.Theydidnotmean,ofcourse,thatyoumightnotfindanoddindividualhereandthere

(11)

didnotknowit,justasyoufindafewpeoplewhoarecolor-blindorhave

(12)

earforatune.Buttakingtheraceasa

(13)

,theythoughtthatthehumanideaofdecentbehaviorwasobvioustoeveryone.Therehave

(14)

differencesbetweenpeople’smoralitiesindifferentcivilizationsandages,

(15)

thesehaveneveramounted

(16)anythinglikeatotaldifference.Menhavedifferedasregardswhatpeople

(17)

oughttobeunselfishto,whetheritwasonlyyourownfamily,oryourfellowcountrymen,oreveryone,buttheyhavealwaysagreedthatyouought

(18)

toputyourselffirst.Menhavedifferedastowhetheryoushouldhave

(19)

wifeorfour,buttheyhavealways

(20)

thatyoumustnotsimplyhaveanywomanyouliked.

【答案】1.考查介词搭配。besubjectedto意为“服从于……,受限于……”。

试题答案:to

2.考查介词搭配。根据句中的but可知句子前后表示转折。befreeto意为“不受约束”,与前面句意进行对比。

试题答案:to

3.考查上下文语义。根据后面的“hehasnomorechoice...hecannotdisobey”可知他不能违抗重力。

试题答案:cannot

4.考查比较级。根据前面的“hasnomorechoice”可知此处是将人类与石头进行比较。than意为“与……比较”。

试题答案:than

5.考查不定冠词。“a/an+单数可数名词”表示类别,a用在辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前;an则用在元音因素开头的单数可数名词前。

试题答案:an

6.考查介词搭配。sharewith意为“与…分享”,与后面的“hedoesnotsharewithanimals”相对应。

试题答案:with

7.考查介词搭配。bepeculiarto意为“为…所独有的”。

试题答案:to

8.考查连词。根据空格前“theonehecandisobey”与空格后“hechooses”可知此处表示条件关系,用连词if。

试题答案:if

9.考查上下文语义。这个法则被称为自然法则,用call的过去分词called。

试题答案:called

10.考查代词。根据前面的“everyoneknewit”可知此处表示不需要被教它,填it。

试题答案:it

11.考查关系代词。从句中缺少主语且先行词“anoddindividual(一个古怪的人)”指人,因此填who。

试题答案:who

12.考查上下文语义。根据前面的“whoarecolor-blind(色盲)”和空格前的“or”连接两个并列的成分。havenoearfor意为“对……没有欣赏能力”,与color-blind相对应。

试题答案:no

13.考查固定搭配。asawhole意为“整体而言”。此处表示“就这个种族整体而言”。

试题答案:whole

14.考查时态。根据后面的“haveneveramounted”可知此处应该用现在完成时,be的过去分词为been。

试题答案:been

15.考查连词。根据前面的difference与后面的havenever可知此处表示转折关系,用连词but。

试题答案:but

16.考查介词搭配。amountto意为“发展成为;共计”。

试题答案:to

17.考查上下文语义。根据后面的youought可知此处填对应的代词you。

试题答案:you

18.考查上下文语义。根据句子开头的转折连词but,但你不应该把自己放在第一位,因此填表示否定的副词not。

试题答案:not

19.考查上下文语义。根据后面的four可知此处为数词,wife为单数形式,因此填数词one。

试题答案:one

20.考查上下文语义。根据第18空前面的buttheyhavealwaysagreedthat可知此处填agreed,与其相对应。

试题答案:agreed

7.问答题

ByaboutA.D.500theMoundBuilderculturewasdeclining,perhapsbecauseofattacksfromothertribesorperhapsbecauseofsevereclimaticchangesthatunderminedagriculture.Tothewest,anotherculture,basedonintensiveagriculture,wasbeginningtoflourish.ItscenterwasbeneathpresentdaySt.Louis,anditradiatedouttoenclosemostoftheMississippiwatershed,fromWisconsintoLouisianaandOklahomatoTennessee.Thousandsofvillageswereincludedinitsorbit.ByaboutA.D.700thisMississippianculture,asitisknowntoarchaeologists,begantosenditsinfluenceeastwardtotransformthelifeofmostofthelesstechnologicallyadvancedwoodlandtribes.LiketheMoundBuildersoftheOhioregion,thesetribes,probablyinfluencedbyMeso-Americanculturesthroughtradeandcommerce,builtgiganticmoundsasburialandceremonialplaces.Thelargestofthem,risinginfourterracestoaheightofonehundredfeet,hasarectangularbaseofnearlyfifteenacres,largerthanthatoftheGreatPyramidofEgypt.BuiltbetweenA.D.900and1,100,thishugeearthworkfacesthesiteofacliffyIndiancitywhichcontainedmorethanonehundredsmallartificialmoundsmarkingburialsites.Spreadamongthemwasavastsettlementcontainingsome30,000peoplebycurrentestimations.ThefinelycraftedornamentsandtoolsrecoveredatCahokis,asthiscenterofMississippicultureiscalled,includeelaborateceramicsfinelysculptedstonework,carefullyembossedandengravedcopperandmicasheets,andonefuneralblanketfashionedfrom12,000shellbeads.TheyindicatethatCahokiawasatrueurbancenter,withclusteredhousing,markets,andspecialistsintool-making,hide-dressing,potting,jewelry-making,weaving,andsalt-making.

1.Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?

2.InrelationtotheMississippianculture,theMoundBuilderculturewaslocated(

).

3.Fromthispassage,wecaninferthatMeso-Americancultureshadatraditionof(

).

【答案】1.主旨大意题。文章以MoundBuilderculture开头,进而引出对MississippiCulture的介绍。

试题答案:

ThepassagemainlyintroducesthedevelopmentandachievementofMississippiCulture.

2.推理怕断题。由文章开头中的“ByaboutA.D.500theMoundBuilderculturewasdeclining...Tothewest,anotherculture”可知MoundBuilderculture位于东方。

试题答案:

intheeast

3.细节事实题。由文章中的“probablyinfluencedbyMeso-Americanculturesthroughtradeandcommerce”可推测Meso-Americancultures有商业贸易的传统。

试题答案:

tradeandcommerce

8.问答题

Yettohaveafamilynowadays—(A)withbirthcontrolreadilyavailable,and(B)inflationagoodeconomicargumentagainsthavingchildren—isnearlyanexpressionofambitionitself.Thoughambitionwasonce(C)thedomainchieflyofmonarchsandaristocrats,ithas,inmorerecenttimes,increasinglybecomethedomainofthemiddleclass.Working,saving,planning—these,thedailyaspectsofambition—havealwaysbeen(D)thedistinguishedmarksofarisingmiddleclass.

【答案】D;改成thedistinguishingmarks。distinguishing有区别的;distinguished卓越的,著名的。句意:工作,储蓄,雄心壮志的计划这些,每日方面——一直是崛起的中产阶级的区分标志。

9.问答题

Anotherbenefitofthestudyofhistoryisthebroadrangeofhumanexperiencewhichis

A

covered.Warandpeacearecertainlycoveredlikearenationalandinternationalaffairs.However,

B

mattersofculture(art,literature,andmusic)arealsoincludedinhistoricalstudy.Humannatureisanimportantpartofhistory:emotionslikepassion,greed,andinsecurityhaveinfluencedtheshapingofworldaffairs.Anyonewhothinksthatthestudyofhistoryisboringhasnotreally

C

D

studiedhistory.

【答案】试题答案:B;as

【解析】考查连词倒装。由系动词are被提到主语之前,可知此处用连词as(如何……一样)构成倒装。

10.单选题

ThetraditionalAmericanThanksgivingdaycelebration(1)to1621.

(2)

thatyearaspecialfeastwaspreparedinPlymouth,Massachusetts.Thecolonistswho

(3)

therehadleftEnglandbecausetheyfelt

(4)ofreligiousfreedom.Theycametothe

(5)

andfaceddifficultiesin

(6)

theocean.Theshipwhich

(7)

themwascalledMayflower.TheNorthAtlanticwasdifficulttotravel.Therewerebadstorms.Theywere(8)

inlearningtoliveinthenewearthbytheIndianswho

(9)

theregion.Thepuritans,

(10)

theywerecalled,hadmuchtobethankful

(11)

.Theirreligiouspracticeswere

(12)

longerasourceofcriticismbythegovernment.Theylearnedto

(13)

theirfarminghabitstotheclimateandsoil.

(14)

theyselectedthefourthThursdayofNovemberfortheirThanksgiving

(15)

,theyinvitedtheir

(16)

,theIndians,tojointhemindinnerand

(17)

ofgratitudeforthenewlife.Theyrecalledthegroupof102men,womenandchildrenwholeft

(18)

.Theyrememberedtheir

(19)

whodidnotseetheshoreofMassachusetts.They

(20)

the65days’journeywhichhadtestedtheirstrength.

问题1选项

A.dates

B.starts

C.returns

D.goesback

问题2选项

A.In

B.At

C.During

D.For

问题3选项

A.didn’tsettle

B.weresettled

C.settle

D.oncesettled

问题4选项

A.refused

B.denied

C.rejected

D.declined

问题5选项

A.newcity

B.newstate

C.newland

D.newcountry

问题6选项

A.goingto

B.haulingto

C.comingacross

D.deportingbeyond

问题7选项

A.loaded

B.led

C.carried

D.packed

问题8选项

A.assisted

B.obliged

C.invited

D.permitted

问题9选项

A.resided

B.dwelt

C.inhabited

D.lived

问题10选项

A.since

B.like

C.for

D.as

问题11选项

A.for

B.to

C.of

D.at

问题12选项

A.no

B.not

C.much

D.any

问题13选项

A.form

B.develop

C.get

D.adjust

问题14选项

A.While

B.When

C.So

D.If

问题15选项

A.tradition

B.celebration

C.mark

D.anniversary

问题16选项

A.relatives

B.friends

C.neighbors

D.comrades

问题17选项

A.anhonor

B.asong

C.agift

D.aprayer

问题18选项

A.England

B.Holland

C.Britain

D.them

问题19选项

A.friends

B.dead

C.ancestors

D.relatives

问题20选项

A.refreshedthemselveswith

B.wererememberedfor

C.reflectedon

D.recalledhow

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

第6题:C

第7题:C

第8题:A

第9题:C

第10题:D

第11题:A

第12题:A

第13题:D

第14题:B

第15题:B

第16题:C

第17题:D

第18题:A

第19题:B

第20题:C

【解析】(1)考查固定搭配。gobackto意为“追溯到”。

(2)考查介词搭配。in后常接年,或月,或日期。

(3)考查时态。此处表示曾经定居在那儿的殖民者,由后面的hadleft可知用过去时态,因此选D。

(4)考查动词辨析。refuse意为“拒绝”,后面一般接todosth.;deny意为“否认,否定”;reject意为“拒绝接收”;decline意为“谢绝,婉拒”。feltdeniedofreligiousfreedom意为“感觉被否认了宗教信仰的自由”。

(5)考查上下文语义。由前文可知他们是为宗教自由,而来到这里,根据当时的历史背景,他们来的这个地方还处于未被开发的地方,以及后文中的“thenewearth”可知newland指的是美洲大陆,是由哥伦布发现的“新大陆”。

(6)考查固定搭配。此处表示他们面临着横跨海洋的困难。comeacross意为“横跨”;haulingto意为“拖至”;deportbeyond意为“驱逐出境”。

(7)考查动词辨析。carry意为“携带,运送”;load意为“负载,负荷”;lead意为“带路,领路”;pack意为“包装”。

(8)考查动词辨析。assist意为“帮助”;oblige意为“强迫”;invite意为“邀请”;permit意为“允许,准许”。

(9)考查动词辨析。inhabit意为“居住于(某地)”,表示指人或动植物生活在某个地区,并已适应该地区的特殊环境;reside/dwell/livein意为“居住”。

(10)考查关系代词。as引导的非限制性定语从句,as意为“如同”。

(11)考查固定搭配。bethankfulforsth.意为“对某事心存感激”。

(12)考查固定搭配。nolonger意为“不再”。此处表示宗教活动不再是政府的谴责之源。

(13)考查固定搭配。adjust...to意为“改变……以适应”。

(14)考查连词。由句中的select和invite可知两个动词都是短暂性动作,因此只能用when来引导时间状语从句。

(15)考查名词辨析。celebration意为“庆祝”;tradition意为“传统”;mark意为“标记”;anniversary意为“周年纪念日”。

(16)考查名词辨析。neighbor意为“邻居”;relative意为“亲戚”;friend意为“朋友”;comrade意为“同志”。

(17)考查名词辨析。aprayerofgratitudeforthenewlife意为“对新生活感恩的祈祷”。

(18)考查上下文语义。由前文中的“Thecolonists...hadleftEngland”可知此处指的是离开英格兰的102人。

(19)考查上下文语义。由前文内容可知到达这片新大陆的过程中困难重重,此处表示他们缅怀的是未能到达死去的人。

(20)考查固定搭配。reflecton意为“回忆”。

11.问答题

CharlesDarwin’s“OntheOriginofSpecies”iscreditedwithsparkingevolution’srevolution

A

inscientificthought,butmanyobservershadponderedevolutionbeforehim.Itwasunderstood

B

theidea’ssignificanceandsellingittothepublicthatmadeDarwingreat,accordingtotheArnold

C

D

Arboretum’snewdirector.

【答案】试题答案:B;understanding

【解析】考查现在分词。understood一般用于beunderstoodas(被理解为),understanding意为“理解的”。

12.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

国务院总理温家宝3月5日在十一届全国人大三次会议上作政府工作报告时提出,要坚定不移推进改革。进一步扩大开放。要全面适应国际形势变化和国内发展要求,拓展对外开放的广度和深度。

温家宝提出,要稳定发展对外贸易。今年的主要着力点是拓市场、调结构、促平衡。坚持实施市场多元化战略和以质取胜战略落实和完善出口退税、出口信贷、出口信用保险等各项政策措施,继续改善海关、质检、外汇等方面的服务。

温家宝表示,要推动利用外资和对外投资协调发展。优化利用外资结构,鼓励外资投向高端制造业、高新技术产业、现代服务业、新能源和节能环保产业,鼓励跨国公司在华设立地区总部等各类功能性机构,鼓励中外企业加强研发合作。“走出去”的企业要依法经营,规避风险,防止恶性竞争,维护国家整体利益和良好形象。

温家宝提出,要深化多边双边经贸合作。加强和改善与发达国家的经贸关系,深化与发展中国家的互利合作。发挥经济高层对话和双边经贸联委会作用。加快自由贸易区建设步伐。积极参与多哈回合谈判,推动早日达成更加合理、平衡的谈判结果。反对各种形式的保护主义,妥善处理贸易摩擦。

【答案】WhiledeliveringagovernmentworkreportattheThirdSessionoftheEleventhNationalPeople'sCongressonMarch5,PremierWenJiabaoputforwardthatwemustunswervinglyadvancereformandfurtherexpandopeningup,wemustfullyadapttochangesintheinternationalsituation,meettheneedsofdomesticdevelopment,andexpandthebreadthanddepthofopeningup.

WenJiabaoproposedthatwewillseekforstabledevelopmentofforeigntrade.Hesaidthatthisyear’smainfocusesareonopeningnewmarkets,adjustingstructure,promotingbalance;weshouldcontinueourmarketdiversificationstrategyandwin-through-qualitystrategy,implementandimproveexporttaxrefund,exportcredit,exportcreditinsuranceandotherpoliciesandmeasures;weshouldcontinuetoimproveserviceincustoms,qualityinspectionsandforeignexchangeandotherareas.

WenJiabaosaidthatweshouldpromotecoordinateddevelopmentbetweenusingothercountries’investmentinChinaandmakingChineseinvestmentoverseas;weshouldoptimizethestructureofforeigncapitalutilization,encourageforeigncapitaltobeinvestedinhigh-endmanufacturingindustry,highandnewtechnologicalindustry,modemserviceindustry,newenergyindustry,energy-savingandenvironment-friendlyindustries;wemustencouragemultinationalcorporationstosetupregionalheadquartersandotherfunctionalagenciesinChina,encouragetheChineseandforeignenterprisestostrengthenresearchanddevelopmentcooperation;theenterprisesthathave"goneglobal"shouldoperateinaccordancewiththelaw,avoidrisks,preventviciouscompetition,andsafeguardthecountry'soverallinterestsandgoodimage.

WenJiabaoproposedthatwewilldeepenmultilateralandbilateralbusinesscooperation;wewillstrengthenandimprovetheeconomicandtraderelationswithdevelopedcountries,anddeepenmutuallybeneficialcooperationwithdevelopingcountries;wewillmakefulluseoftheroleofhigh-leveleconomicdialogueandbilateraleconomicandtradejointcommissions,quickenthepaceofestablishingfreetradezonesandactivelyparticipateintheDoharoundoftradetalkstoreachamorereasonableandbalancedoutcomeasearlyaspossible;wewillopposeprotectionisminallformsandproperlyhandletradefrictions.

13.问答题

(A)Whatlifedoeswithourdreamsandexpectationscannot,ofcourse,bepredicted.Somedreams,(B)beguninselflessness,endinrancor;otherdreams,beguninselfishness,(C)endinlarge-heartedness.Theunpredictabilityoftheoutcomeofdreamsis(D)noreasontoceasetodream.

【答案】

D;改成ceasedreaming.Ceasedoingsth放弃做某事

14.问答题

Normal

0

7.8磅

0

2

false

false

false

EN-US

ZH-CN

X-NONE

Insomequarters(A)qualitativeeasingisstillataintedterm,

associated(B)bothwithmercantilism,asaweaponinacurrencywar,or

(C)monetaryadventurism.Butthestigmaisfading.Indeedsomecentral

banksnowsaytheyaredoingQEevenwhen(D)theydon't.TheBankof

Korea,forexample,(E)hasresolvedtobuyunlimitedamountsofbondsfromfinancialinstitutionsthatpromiseto(F)repurchasethem

afterthreepurchases.FeweconomistswoulddescribethemasQE.Butfarfrom(H)resist

theterm,().(I)Everin

thefieldofcentralbankinghavesomanyworriedsolittleaboutbuyingso

much.

【答案】1.A,改成quantativeeasing。

2.B,改成eitherwith。

3.D,改成theyaren’t。

4.H,改成resisting。

5.I,改成Neverinthefieldof。

【解析】1.句意:在某些领域,QE仍是一个有污点的术语…。此段讲的是“量化宽松(QE)”,其全程应为quantativeeasing。

2.句意:要么与重商主义(作为货币战争中的武器)有联系,要么与货币冒险主义有联系。根据后面的连词or可知,B处应该是“eitherwith”,“either…or…”表示“要么…要么…”。

3.句意:一些央行现在确实表示自己正在实施量化宽松政策,尽管他们并没有这么做。这里用了省略,实际上应该是“whentheyarenotdoingQE”。

4.句意:但韩国银行并没有抵制这一术语…。Farfrom在此表示“远飞,绝不,并没有”,后面应该接doingsth.。

5.句意:在中央银行领域,从来没有这么多人对购买这么多债券如此不担心。根据句意可知,这里表示否定,所以应该是否定词never放句首,后面用了倒装。

15.问答题

Ashumankindmovesintothethird(A)millennium,itcan(B)rightfullyclaimtohavebrokennewgroundin(C)theirage-old(D)questtomastertheenvironment.

【答案】C;“their”改为“its”。

【解析】考查代词。句意:随着人类进入第三个千年,人类可以正当地声称其在自古以来对环境的掌控中开辟了新的道路。It代指上文的“humankind”表示人类,为单数形式,所以下文也应该用相应的单数形式“its”。故将C项的“their”改为“its”。

16.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

决策过程对管理结盟的需要是基于两个方面的原因。首先,组织的目标往往模糊不清,而部门间的运营目标则缺乏一致性。在目标模糊又缺乏一致性的情况下,管理者对问题的优先顺序便无法统一。他们必须就问题讨价还价,并围绕着应该解决的问题建立起结盟。

结盟的第二个原因是尽管管理者个人倾向于理性,但却受到人类认知的局限和其他局限性的制约。管理者们没有时间、资源或心智能力去识别与某一项决策相关的所有维度,并处理所有的信息。这些局限性便导致了结盟行为。管理者们通过相互交谈、交流看法来收集信息,减少模糊性。拥有相关信息或对某项决策的结果有相关利益的人们会被征求意见。建立结盟会使一项决策得到各相关利益方的支持。

【答案】Thereasonforalliancemanagementtobeneededbythedecision-makingprocessisbasedontwoaspects.First,thegoalsofanorganizationareoftenvagueandoperationgoalsbetweendepartmentlackconsistency.Inthecaseofvaguegoalsandlackofconsistency,managerscouldnotunifytheorderofprecedenceofproblems.Theyhavetobargainwitheachotherandestablishalliancearoundtheproblemswhichshouldberesolved.

Thesecondreasonforforminganallianceisthatindividualmanagersaresubjecttotherestrictionofhumancognitionandotherlimitationsinspiteofindividualtendencytowardrationality.Managersdon’thavethetime,resources,ormentalabilitytoidentifyalldimensionsassociatedwithadecision,anddealwithalltheinformation.T

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