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住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-对外经济贸易大学考试名师押题精选卷I(带答案详解)(图片可根据实际调整大小)题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.

有些人把读书当作疲劳工作中的一种休息,并不是读一本书就预先想定读它要派何种用场,即“不为什么而读”。但日积月累,确实可以长知识、广见闻、有效益。

经过长期积累目前中国己成为全球第二大经济体和全球第一贸易大囯、全球第一外汇储备国,具备了对外输出资本的实力。

【答案】Somepeopleregardreadingasakindofrestduringtiringwork,andtheyhavenoideaofpracticaluseforthebookstheyaretoread,i.e.they“readfornopurpose”atall.Butgraduallyonecanbenefitfromreading,expandingtheirknowledge.

Chinahasbecomethesecondlargesteconomy,thefirsttradingpoweraswellasthe

firstforeignexchangereservesintheworldandhadthestrengthofoutputtingcapitalexternalafteralongterm’saccumulation.

2.问答题

Thecostsofwatchingthefilmisthatittakesup120minutesofyourtime-timewhichcould

A

B

C

bespentinbedasleep.Thebenefitistheenjoymentgainedfromeachextraminuteviewed.

D

【答案】试题答案:A;cost

【解析】考查主谓一致。谓语动词is用的是单数形式,故主语也需要用单数形式。

3.单选题

ThetraditionalAmericanThanksgivingdaycelebration(1)to1621.

(2)

thatyearaspecialfeastwaspreparedinPlymouth,Massachusetts.Thecolonistswho

(3)

therehadleftEnglandbecausetheyfelt

(4)ofreligiousfreedom.Theycametothe

(5)

andfaceddifficultiesin

(6)

theocean.Theshipwhich

(7)

themwascalledMayflower.TheNorthAtlanticwasdifficulttotravel.Therewerebadstorms.Theywere(8)

inlearningtoliveinthenewearthbytheIndianswho

(9)

theregion.Thepuritans,

(10)

theywerecalled,hadmuchtobethankful

(11)

.Theirreligiouspracticeswere

(12)

longerasourceofcriticismbythegovernment.Theylearnedto

(13)

theirfarminghabitstotheclimateandsoil.

(14)

theyselectedthefourthThursdayofNovemberfortheirThanksgiving

(15)

,theyinvitedtheir

(16)

,theIndians,tojointhemindinnerand

(17)

ofgratitudeforthenewlife.Theyrecalledthegroupof102men,womenandchildrenwholeft

(18)

.Theyrememberedtheir

(19)

whodidnotseetheshoreofMassachusetts.They

(20)

the65days’journeywhichhadtestedtheirstrength.

问题1选项

A.dates

B.starts

C.returns

D.goesback

问题2选项

A.In

B.At

C.During

D.For

问题3选项

A.didn’tsettle

B.weresettled

C.settle

D.oncesettled

问题4选项

A.refused

B.denied

C.rejected

D.declined

问题5选项

A.newcity

B.newstate

C.newland

D.newcountry

问题6选项

A.goingto

B.haulingto

C.comingacross

D.deportingbeyond

问题7选项

A.loaded

B.led

C.carried

D.packed

问题8选项

A.assisted

B.obliged

C.invited

D.permitted

问题9选项

A.resided

B.dwelt

C.inhabited

D.lived

问题10选项

A.since

B.like

C.for

D.as

问题11选项

A.for

B.to

C.of

D.at

问题12选项

A.no

B.not

C.much

D.any

问题13选项

A.form

B.develop

C.get

D.adjust

问题14选项

A.While

B.When

C.So

D.If

问题15选项

A.tradition

B.celebration

C.mark

D.anniversary

问题16选项

A.relatives

B.friends

C.neighbors

D.comrades

问题17选项

A.anhonor

B.asong

C.agift

D.aprayer

问题18选项

A.England

B.Holland

C.Britain

D.them

问题19选项

A.friends

B.dead

C.ancestors

D.relatives

问题20选项

A.refreshedthemselveswith

B.wererememberedfor

C.reflectedon

D.recalledhow

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

第6题:C

第7题:C

第8题:A

第9题:C

第10题:D

第11题:A

第12题:A

第13题:D

第14题:B

第15题:B

第16题:C

第17题:D

第18题:A

第19题:B

第20题:C

【解析】(1)考查固定搭配。gobackto意为“追溯到”。

(2)考查介词搭配。in后常接年,或月,或日期。

(3)考查时态。此处表示曾经定居在那儿的殖民者,由后面的hadleft可知用过去时态,因此选D。

(4)考查动词辨析。refuse意为“拒绝”,后面一般接todosth.;deny意为“否认,否定”;reject意为“拒绝接收”;decline意为“谢绝,婉拒”。feltdeniedofreligiousfreedom意为“感觉被否认了宗教信仰的自由”。

(5)考查上下文语义。由前文可知他们是为宗教自由,而来到这里,根据当时的历史背景,他们来的这个地方还处于未被开发的地方,以及后文中的“thenewearth”可知newland指的是美洲大陆,是由哥伦布发现的“新大陆”。

(6)考查固定搭配。此处表示他们面临着横跨海洋的困难。comeacross意为“横跨”;haulingto意为“拖至”;deportbeyond意为“驱逐出境”。

(7)考查动词辨析。carry意为“携带,运送”;load意为“负载,负荷”;lead意为“带路,领路”;pack意为“包装”。

(8)考查动词辨析。assist意为“帮助”;oblige意为“强迫”;invite意为“邀请”;permit意为“允许,准许”。

(9)考查动词辨析。inhabit意为“居住于(某地)”,表示指人或动植物生活在某个地区,并已适应该地区的特殊环境;reside/dwell/livein意为“居住”。

(10)考查关系代词。as引导的非限制性定语从句,as意为“如同”。

(11)考查固定搭配。bethankfulforsth.意为“对某事心存感激”。

(12)考查固定搭配。nolonger意为“不再”。此处表示宗教活动不再是政府的谴责之源。

(13)考查固定搭配。adjust...to意为“改变……以适应”。

(14)考查连词。由句中的select和invite可知两个动词都是短暂性动作,因此只能用when来引导时间状语从句。

(15)考查名词辨析。celebration意为“庆祝”;tradition意为“传统”;mark意为“标记”;anniversary意为“周年纪念日”。

(16)考查名词辨析。neighbor意为“邻居”;relative意为“亲戚”;friend意为“朋友”;comrade意为“同志”。

(17)考查名词辨析。aprayerofgratitudeforthenewlife意为“对新生活感恩的祈祷”。

(18)考查上下文语义。由前文中的“Thecolonists...hadleftEngland”可知此处指的是离开英格兰的102人。

(19)考查上下文语义。由前文内容可知到达这片新大陆的过程中困难重重,此处表示他们缅怀的是未能到达死去的人。

(20)考查固定搭配。reflecton意为“回忆”。

4.单选题

Cigarettesmokehasbeenshowntocontainnumerouscompoundsthatareknowntocause

A

B

cancerinexperimentalanimalsandtheyappeartobestronglylinkedtohumancancer,

C

D

especiallycancerofthelung.

问题1选项

A.Cigarettesmoke

B.areknownto

C.they

D.linked

【答案】C

【解析】考查关系代词。and连接两个并列的定语从句,修饰先行词compounds(化合物)。

试题答案:C;that

5.问答题

ThedropinthepriceofBrentcrudefromahighofmorethan$115abarrelinJunetolessthan

A

$60earlierthismonthhasputextramoneyintoconsumer’spocketsandboosted

B

C

fuel-intensivebusinesses,whilecuttingoilcompanies’revenuesandstokingfinancialcrisesin

D

oil-producingcountriesincludingRussiaandVenezuela.

【答案】试题答案:C;consumers’

【解析】考查名词所有格。根据语义可知此处的消费者不止一个,以s结尾的复数名词的所有格直接加“'”,consumers’意为“消费者的”。

6.单选题

Thecourseleaderrequeststhatallthesesarehandedinbefore5:00p.m.nextFriday.

A

B

C

D

问题1选项

A.theses

B.are

C.in

D.nextFriday

【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气。当表示“建议、请求、命令、要求”等主观意向的词(suggest,advise,propose,recommend,demand,request等)引导宾语从句时,从句需用虚拟语气:(should)+动词原形,should可以省略。

试题答案:B;be

7.单选题

Thenumberoffemalebossesoflargefirmsremainsstubbornlysmall.NotsingleoneonFrance’sCAC40shareindexoronGermany'sDAXindexisrunbyawoman.InAmerica,only15chiefexecutivesofFortune500companiesarewomen.Britaindoesbetter,butnotmuch:fiveoftheFTSE-100firmshavefemalebosses.

OnJuly6ththeEuropeanParliamentpassedaresolutioncallingforEU-widelegislationstipulatingthatatleast40%ofseatsonlistedcompanies’supervisoryboardswillbereservedforwomenby2020.Thisdoesnotobligememberstatestodoanything,butitreflectsaspreadingmood.TheGermangovernmentisconsideringwhethertoimposequotas.Americaisnot,butnewrulesfromtheSecuritiesandExchangeCommissionwillrequirefirmstorevealwhat,ifanything,theyaredoingtoincreasediversityatthetoptable.

VivianeReding,theEUcommissionerforjustice,arguesthatcompulsionistheonlywaytoovercomeentrencheddiscrimination.InMarch,sheposteda“WomenontheBoardPledgeforEurope”onherwebsite.Onlysevencompanieshavesignedupsofar.

Thereisapowerfulbusinesscaseforhiringmorewomentoruncompanies.Theyaremorelikelytounderstandthetastesandaspirationsofthelargestgroupofconsumersintheworld,namelywomen.Theyrepresentanunderfishedpooloftalent.McKinsey,aconsultancy,recentlylookedat89listedcompaniesinEuropewithaveryhighproportionofwomeninseniormanagementpostsandcomparedtheirfinancialperformancewiththeaverageforfirmsinthesameindustry.Itfoundthatthesefirmsenjoyedahigherreturnonequity,fatteroperatingprofitsandamorebuoyantshareprice.Theauthorsdescribedthecorrelationbetweenpromotingwomenanddoingwellas“striking”,thoughtheyadmittedthattheycouldnotprovewhatwascausingwhat.Itispossiblethatfirmsthatarealreadydoingwelltendtohiremorefemaledirectors.Ontheotherhand,astudybyAmyDittmarandKennethAhemoftheRossSchoolofBusinessattheUniversityofMichiganfoundthatfirmsthatwereforcedtoincreasetheshareofwomenontheirboardsbymorethantenpercentagepointssawonemeasureofcorporatevalue(theratioofmarketcapitalizationtothereplacementvalueofassets,knownasTobin’sQ)fallby18%.

Ifquotasaren’ttheanswer,whatis?Thequestionisfiendishlycomplex.Inmostrichcountries,womendoaswellasmenorevenbetteratschoolanduniversity.InAmerica,mostnewmaster’sdegreesareawardedtowomen.Womenalsoholdmorethanhalfoftheentry-leveljobsatAmericanblue-chipcompanies.

Butcorporatewomenstarttofallbehindtheirmalepeersrightfromthebeginning.Theyarelessaggressivethanmenwhennegotiatingtheirfirstsalaryandeverysubsequentpayrise.LindaBabcockofCarnegieMellonUniversityfoundthathermalegraduatestudentssecuredstartingsalaries7.6%higherthanherfemalegraduatestudents.Ingeneral,menarefourtimesmorelikelytoaskforapayrisethanwomenare.Compoundedovertime,thismakesahugedifference.

Thehigheryougazeupthecorporateladder,thefewerwomenyousee.AccordingtoCatalyst,aresearcherinNewYork,womenare37%ofthemiddlemanagersinbigAmericanfirms,28%oftheseniormanagersandamere14%ofexecutive-committeemembers.

Thewaypatronageandpromotionworkwithinthecorporateworldmaycountagainstwomen.Nearlyalltheexecutiveswhorisetothetophavehadapowerfulbacker,accordingtoSylviaAnnHewlett,theauthorof“TheSponsorEffect”,areportfortheHarvardBusinessReview.YetwomenoftenfailtocultivatewhatMs.’Hewlettcalls“relationshipcapital”.Theyhesitatetocallinfavorsforfearofseemingpushy.Andmanyareafraidofthegossipthatacloserelationshipwithaseniormalecolleaguemightprovoke.

Nodoubtallofthisplaysitspart.Butamuchbiggerobstacletoputtingmorewomeninboardroomsisthatsomanystruggletobalanceworkandafamily.Partlybecauseitissotrickytojugglekidsandacareer,manyhighlyablewomenoptforjobswithpredictablehours,suchashumanresourcesoraccounting.Theyalsogravitatetowardsfieldswheretheirskillsarelesslikelytobecomeobsoleteiftheytakeacareerbreak,whichisperhapsonereasonwhynearlytwo-thirdsofnewAmericanlawgraduatesarefemalebutonly18%ofengineers.

Somegovernmentstryhardtohelpwomencombineacareerandfamily.FranceandtheScandinaviancountrieshelpwithchildcare.Crechesandnurseriesarcsubsidized.Stateschoolswillhangontothelittlemonsterswellintotheevening.ThiscontrastsstarklywithAmericanandBritishschools,whichbootthemoutlongbeforeanadult’sworkdayisover.Americanparentsmustalsosquarethecircleofultra-shortholidaysforgrown-upsandabsurdlylongonesforkids.

Womenbringuniquestrengthstoacompany,reckonsLisaGersh,thebossofMarthaStewartLivingOmnimedia,amerchandisingandmediafirmfoundedbyalifestyleguru.Theyaremorecollaborativethanmen,saysMsGersh,andbetteratmultitasking.Thosewithchildrenquicklybecomeefficient.Theyknowthattheyhavetobehomeatacertaintime.

1.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainfocusofthispassage?

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredtrueaccordingtothepassage?

3.Allofthefollowingarebelievedtoaccountforthedisproportionaterepresentationofwomenin

businesstopEXCEPT().

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantageofcareerwomenaccordingtothepassage?

5.Tohighlighthis/herpointsandconvincethereaders,theauthorofthispassagemainlyrelieson

().

问题1选项

A.Thedilemmaofbusinesswomen.

B.Thediscriminationagainstwomeninthefieldofbusiness.

C.Theconcernaboutthefactthattopwomenexecutivesaresofewandwhyitisso

D.Howtoeradicatethediscriminationagainstwomeninbusinessandtheeffect

问题2选项

A.ScandinaviancountriesaremoreegalitarianandfemininethanBritainandUSA

B.Peopleunanimouslywelcomethequotassystemtoincorporatemorewomenintotheboardroom.

C.Womenwhobenefitfromquotaspracticeinvariablypromotethedevelopmentoftheirbusinesses.

D.Americanwomenareingeneralthebesteducatedandalsothemostequallytreatedinbusiness.

问题3选项

A.Womenareheldbackbythedilemmaofdealingwithfamilyandwork.

B.Thepowerfulbackersavailabletosuccessfulmenaredeniedofwomen.

C.Womendon’tenjoythesameopportunityforbettereducationthanmen

D.Womenarelessaggressiveandlagbehindtheircounterpartsfromtheverybeginningoftheircareer. 

问题4选项

A.Cooperative

B.Multitasking

C.Efficient

D.flextime

问题5选项

A.dataandfigures

B.personalexperiences

C.assertionsbasedonpersonalobservations

D.appealingtoreaders’sentimentsandemotions

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。本文主要提出了高级女主管很少的现象,并且对此分析了原因。

2.推理判断题。由倒数第二段“Somegovernmentstryhardtohelpwomencombineacareerandfamily.FranceandtheScandinaviancountrieshelpwithchildcare.ThiscontrastsstarklywithAmericanandBritishschools,whichbootthemoutlongbeforeanadult’sworkdayisover.Americanparentsmustalsosquarethecircleofultra-shortholidaysforgrown-upsandabsurdlylongonesforkids.一些政府努力帮助女性把事业和家庭结合起来。法国和斯堪的纳维亚国家帮助儿童保育。这与美国和英国的学校形成了鲜明的对比,美国和英国的学校在一个成年人的工作日结束之前就把他们赶出去了。美国的父母还必须为成年人安排超短的假期,为孩子安排长得荒唐的假期。”可知法国和斯堪的纳维亚国家比英国和美国更加平等,更加重视女性,故A项正确。

3.细节事实题。由倒数第四段及第三段“Thewaypatronageandpromotionworkwithinthecorporateworldmaycountagainstwomen.Nearlyalltheexecutiveswhorisetothetophavehadapowerfulbacker,accordingtoSylviaAnnHewlett,theauthorof“TheSponsorEffect”,areportfortheHarvardBusinessReview.YetwomenoftenfailtocultivatewhatMs.’Hewlettcalls“relationshipcapital”.Theyhesitatetocallinfavorsforfearofseemingpushy.Andmanyareafraidofthegossipthatacloserelationshipwithaseniormalecolleaguemightprovoke.Nodoubtallofthisplaysitspart.Butamuchbiggerobstacletoputtingmorewomeninboardroomsisthatsomanystruggletobalanceworkandafamily.在企业界,赞助和晋升的工作方式可能不利于女性。西尔维亚•安•休利特(SylviaAnnHewlett)是《哈佛商业评论》(HarvardBusinessReview)的一篇报告《赞助商效应》(theSponsorEffect)的作者,她认为,几乎所有升到高层的高管都有一个强有力的支持者。然而,女性往往无法培养出休利特所说的“关系资本”。他们不愿寻求帮助,担心会显得咄咄逼人。还有很多人担心与男同事的亲密关系会引发流言蜚语。毫无疑问,所有这些都发挥了作用。但让更多女性进入董事会的一个更大障碍是,太多女性难以平衡工作和家庭。可知ABD项在文中都有提及,故C项正确。

4.细节事实题。由最后一段“Theyaremorecollaborativethanmen,saysMsGersh,andbetteratmultitasking.Thosewithchildrenquicklybecomeefficient.Theyknowthattheyhavetobehomeatacertaintime.她们比男性更善于合作,Gersh女士说,而且更擅长多任务处理。那些有孩子的人很快就会变得有效率。她们知道她们必须在特定的时间回家。”可知职业女性的优势是善于合作,能够处理许多任务,并且高效。故答案D。

5.推理判断题。全文通过一些数据来分析女性高管少的现象及原因。故A项正确。

8.单选题

Yettheseglobaltrendshidestarklydifferentnationalandregionalstories.VittorioColao,thebossofVodafone,whichoperatesorpartiallyownsnetworksin31countries,arguesthatthefarthersouthyougo,themorepeopleusetheirphones,evenpasttheequator:wherelifeislessorganizedpeopleneedatool,forexampletorejigappointments."Cultureinfluencesthelifestyle,andthelifestyleinfluencesthewaywecommunicate."hesays,"Ifyoudon'tleaveyourphoneoninameetinginItaly,youarelikelytomissthenextone."

Othermundanefactorsalsoaffecthowphonesareused.Forinstance,incountrieswheremanypeoplehaveholidayhomestheyaremorelikelytogiveoutamobilenumber,whichthenbecomesthedefaultwheretheycanbereached,thusunderminingtheuseoffixed-linephones.Technologiesarealways"bothconstructiveandconstructedbyhistorical,social,andculturalcontexts,"writesMizukoIto,ananthropologistattheUniversityofCaliforniainIrvine,whohasco-editedabookonJapan’smobile-phonesubculture.

Indeed,Japanisgoodexampleofhowsuchsubculturescomeabout.Inthe1990sAmericansandScandinavianswereearlyadoptersofmobilephones.ButinthenextdecadeJapanwaswidelyseenasthemodelforthemobilefuture,givenitsearlyembraceofthemobileinternet.ForsometimeWired,amagazinefortechnologylovers,ranacolumncalled"Japaneseschoolgirlwatch",servingreaderswithastreamofmobileoddities.TheimplicationwasthatwhatJapaneseschoolgirlsdidoneday,everyoneelsewoulddothenext.

Thecountry'smobileboomwasarguablyencouragedbyunderlyingsocialconditions.Mostteenagershadlongusedpagerstokeepintouch.In1999NTT,Japan'sdominantoperator,launchedi-mode,aplatformformobile-internetservices.Itallowedcheape-mailsbetweennetworksandtheJapanesepromptlysignedupindrovesformobileinternet.MsItoalsopointsoutthatJapanisacrowdedplacewithlotsofrules.Harriedteenagers,inparticular,havefewchancesforprivateconversationsandtalkingonthephoneinpublicisfrownedupon,ifnotoutlawed.Hencetheappealofmobiledataservices.

ThebestwaytograspJapan'smobilecultureistotakeacrowdedcommutertrain.Thereareplentyofsignsadvisingyounottouseyourphone.Everyfewminutesannouncementsaremadetothesameeffect.Ityoudotakeacall,youriskmorethandisapprovinggazes.Passengersmayappealtoaguardwhowillquietlybutfirmlyexplain:"damedesu"—it'snotallowed.Somestudiessuggestthattalkingonamobilephoneonatrainisseenasworsethaninatheatre.Instead,hushedpassengerstypeawayontheirhandsetsorreadmobile-phonenovels(writtenJapaneseallowsmoreinformationtobedisplayedonasmallscreenthanlanguagesthatusetheRomanalphabet).

1.Accordingtothepassage,anItalianpersonwouldleavehisphoneoninameetingforwhichofthefollowingreasons?

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisbestsupportedbythepassage?

3.TheauthorsuggeststhatJapanleadstheworldinthemobile-phonecultureinthat(

).

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheJapaneseteenagersarefondofthemobiledataservicesbecause

).

5.Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriatetitleforthepassage,basedonitscontent?

问题1选项

A.Heisafraidofmissingabusinessopportunity.

B.Hisfamilymembersmaycallhiminemergency.

C.Hethinksitisrudetoleaveacallunanswered.

D.Heneedstogetpostedaboutthelatestchangeintheworkschedule.

问题2选项

A.Howweuseourphonesreflectwherewelive.

B.Technologiesdeterminethewaywecommunicate.

C.Cultureinfluencesthedevelopmentoftechnologies.

D.Socialconditionsdictatethemobilefuture.

问题3选项

A.theJapanesearetheearliestmobilephoneusers

B.theJapanesearethechattiestmobilephoneusers

C.theJapaneseusemobileinternetearlyon

D.Japanprovidesthebestmobilephoneservices

问题4选项

A.theyliketoplayelectronicgames

B.theyliketotalktotheirfriendsonthephone

C.theycanreadnovelsonthephone

D.theycancommunicatewiththeirfriendsmoreconveniently

问题5选项

A.theJapanesephoneculture

B.cultureandtechnology

C.allalike,alldifferent

D.handy,ifyouarethrifty

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.推理判断题。文章第一段最后一句提到“Ifyoudon'tleaveyourphoneoninameetinginItaly,youarelikelytomissthenextone.”如果你在意大利开会时没有开手机,你可能会错过下一个会议。因此A选项“他担心错过商机”与工作商务有关,符合题意。B选项“他的家人可能会在紧急情况下打电话给他”;C选项“他认为不回复手机来电是不礼貌的”;D选项“他需要及时获知工作日程的最新变化”。

2.推理判断题。文章第三段提到“Technologiesarealways"bothconstructiveandconstructedbyhistorical,social,andculturalcontexts,"”技术始终是有建设性的,且由历史、社会和文化背景构成。因为C选项“文化影响技术的发展”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。文章第三段提到“ButinthenextdecadeJapanwaswidelyseenasthemodelforthemobilefuture,givenitsearlyembraceofthemobileinternet.”但在接下来的十年中,考虑到日本早期对移动互联网的接受,它被广泛视为移动未来的模式。因此C选项“日本人很早就使用移动互联网”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。文章第四段提到“Harriedteenagers,inparticular,havefewchancesforprivateconversationsandtalkingonthephoneinpublicisfrownedupon,ifnotoutlawed.Hencetheappealofmobiledataservices.”尤其是那些苦恼的青少年,很少有机会私下交谈,如果不是违法的话,在公共场合打电话也是不受欢迎的。因此,移动数据服务具有吸引力。可知D选项“他们可以更方便地与他们的朋友交流”正确。

5.主旨大意题。由文章第一段第一句“Yettheseglobaltrendshidestarklydifferentnationalandregionalstories”然而这些全球趋势隐藏了不同的国家和地区的故事。第二段第一句“Othermundanefactorsalsoaffecthowphonesareused”其他世俗的因素也会影响手机的使用方式。可知本文主要以手机为例,表达全球化的共性和个性,因此选C“都相似,都各不同”。

9.问答题

Thenewconflictismoredangerousthanthetraditionalonebetweenmanandhisfellowman,(A)wherethe(B)protagonistsatleastsharedacommonlanguage,but(C)whileitcomestothereactionsoftheecosystemstothe(D)onslaughtofmoderntechnology,thereisnocommonlanguage.

【答案】C;“while”改为“when”。

【解析】考查从句引导词。句意:这种新的冲突比传统的人与人之间的冲突更危险,在传统的冲突中,主人公们至少有一种共同的语言,但在当涉及到生态系统对现代技术冲击的反应时,却没有共同的语言。句中的“while”引导时间状语从句,表示“当……的时候”,而“while”引导的时间状语从句中谓语部分需为延续性动词,为进行时态,“when”引导的时间状语从句既可以用延续性动词也可以用短暂性动词,既可以用一般时态也可以用进行时态,所以将“while”改为“when”。

10.填空题

InMicrosoft'slatestattempttoreachouttobloggers,thecompanyrecentlygaveawayexpensivelaptopsloaded(1)itsnewWindowsVistaoperatingsystem.Butthegiftsgeneratedcontroversyaswellasgood(2)

,withsomebloggersaccusingMicrosoftofbriberyandtheirpeers(3

unethicalbehavior.

SeveralbloggersreportedlastweekthattheyhadreceivedAcerFerrarilaptops,whichcansell(4)

morethan$2,200,fromMicrosoft.

AspokeswomanforMicrosoftconfirmedFridaythatthe(5)

hadsentoutabout90computerstobloggers

(6)

wroteabouttechnologyandothersubjectsthatcouldbe(7)

bythenewoperatingsystem,likephotographyand,oddly,parenting.

ButwhilethoseonMicrosoft'smailinglistinitiallygreetedthemachineswithenthusiasm,many(8)

bloggerssoonobjected-notbecausetheyhadbeenleftoffthelistbut,theysaid,becausebloggersareboundbythe(9)

rulesastraditionaljournalists,whoshouldnotaccept

(10)giftsfromcompaniestheycover.

【答案】1.考查介词搭配。根据空格前的loaded(装载)与空格后的operatingsystem(操作系统)可知此处用介词with构成固定搭配loadwith(装载某物)。

试题答案:with

2.考查上下文语义。as well as常用来连接两个并列的成分,意为“也,还”,根据空格前的generatedcontroversy(引起争议)aswellas可知此处填goodwill(善意)。

试题答案:will

3.考查介词搭配。根据withsomebloggersaccusingMicrosoftofbribery可知此处填of与前面的ofbribery形成对应。

试题答案:of

4.考查介词搭配。sellfor表示“卖(多少钱)”。

试题答案:for

5.考查上下文语义。根据hadsentoutabout90computerstobloggers(已经向博客寄出了大约90台电脑)可推测主语为微软公司,用“thecompany”指代微软公司。

试题答案:company

6.考查关系代词。空格前的bloggers为先行词,表示人,且在从句中作主语,故用关系代词who引导。

试题答案:who

7.考查上下文语义。短文第一段提到“最近微软公司赠送昂贵的装载有自身新的WindowsVista操作系统的笔记本电脑”可推测“微软公司送装载有自身新的WindowsVista操作系统的笔记本电脑的目的是了解该新的操作系统所带来的影响”,再由空格前的be和空格后的by,可知动词被动形式,填affected。

试题答案:affected

8.考查不定代词。根据空格前ButwhilethoseonMicrosoft'smailinglistinitiallygreetedthemachines(不过当微软公司电脑寄送名单上那些人最初热心地欢迎这些电脑吋)和空格后many...bloggerssoonobjected(很多……博客使用者很快就反对这些电脑的赠送)可推测此处是其他人的态度。

试题答案:other

9.考查上下文语义。根据becausebloggersareboundbythe...rulesastraditionaljournalists(因为博客受到……规则的约束,如同传统的记者)可推测博客也像记者一样受到同样的规则制约,故填same。

试题答案:same

10.考查上下文语义。根据第四题可知每台电脑的价格以超过2200美元卖出,可推出此处表示“昂贵的礼物”,故填expensive。

试题答案:expensive

11.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingChineseintoEnglish.

对于希望利用中国大量廉价劳动力的国内外企业来说,多年来,中国沿海制造业中心一直是生产基地的上上之选。然而,自今年5月份以来,中国境内劳资争端明显增多,加之人民币走强以及政府采取行动遏制污染和产能过剩,表明这种低成本的生产模式己不再稳固。

【答案】Overtheyears,China’scoastalmanufacturingcenterhasalwaysbeenthebestchoiceforproductionbasesforenterprisesathomeorabroadwhowanttotakeadvantageofthelargenumberofChinesecheaplabors.However,sinceMaythisyear,thesignificantincreaseofindustrialdisputes,theappreciationofRMBaswellastheactionsadaptedbygovernmentsinordertocurbpollutionandexcesscapacityshowthatthiskindofproductionpatterninlowcostisnolongerstable.

12.问答题

Artistsusecaricaturetodistortthehumanfaceorfigureforcomicaffectwhileatthesametime

A

B

capturinganidentifiablelikenessandsuggestingtheessenceofthepersonalityorcharacter

C

beneaththesurface.Thehumorliesinthefactthatthecaricatureisrecognizable,andyetexasperated.

D

【答案】试题答案:B;effect

【解析】考查名词辨析。comic为形容词,意为“”喜剧的,后面接名词。affect作动词时,意为“影响”,作名词时,意为“情感”;effect为名词,意为“影响,效果”。

13.填空题

AlbertEinsteinonce(1)_________thecreativityofafamousscientisttothefactthathe“neverwenttoschool,andthereforepreservedtheraregiftofthinkingfreely.”Thereisundoubtedly(2)________inEinstein’sobservation:manyartistsandgeniusesseemto(3)________theirschoolingasabigdisadvantage.Anecdotalreportssupportthis.PabloPicasso,CharlesDarwin,MarkTwain,OliverGoldsmith,andWilliamButlerYeatsall(4)_______school.(5)_______didWinstonChurchill,whoalmostfailedoutofHarrow,aneliteBritishschool.Butsuchatruthisnotacriticismofschools.(6)_______isthefunctionofschoolstocivilize,nottotrainexplorers.Theexplorerisalwaysamiserablylonelyindividual(7)________hisorherpioneeringisinart,music,scienceandtechnology.ThecreativeexplorerofunmappedlandssharewiththegeniuswhatWilliamJamesdescribed(8)_______the“facultyofperceivinginanunhabitualway.”However,thesocialorderdemandsunityandwidespreadagreement,bothtraitsare(9)_______tocreativity.Therewillalwaysbe(10)_______betweenthedemandsofsocietyandtheimpulsesofcreativityandgenius.

【答案】1.attributed

2.truth

3.view

4.disliked

5.So

6.It

7.whether

8.as

9.destructive

10.conflict

【解析】1.考查上下文语义。句意:阿尔伯特•爱因斯坦曾经将一个著名的科学家的创造力________于这样的一个事实:他从未上过学,从而保留了自由思考的天赋。所以填入attributed表示“将创造力归因于一个事实”。

2.考查上下文语义。句意:毫无疑问是________在爱因斯坦的观点中:许多艺术家和天才似乎都______他们的上学经历为极大的不利因素。所以填入truth表示“爱因斯坦的观点毫无疑问是真实的”。

3.考查上下文语义和搭配。句意:爱因斯坦的观点毫无疑问是真实的:许多艺术家和天才似乎都_______他们的上学经历为极大的不利因素。所以填入view构成搭配“view…as将……看作”,表示“都将他们的上学经历看作成极大的不利因素”。

4.考查上下文语义。句意:巴勃罗•毕加索、查尔斯•达尔文、马克•吐温,奥利弗•戈德史密斯,还有威廉•巴特勒•叶芝都_________学校。所以填入disliked表示“他们都不喜欢学校”。

5.考查倒装句语法。句意:温斯顿•丘吉尔也一样,他差点被哈罗工效开除,而这是一所名校。所以填入连词so构成倒装结构“so+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”表示“.….也一样”。

6.考查语法。句意:引导探索者是学校的职责,而不是训练探索者。此句中动词不定式“tocivilize,nottotrainexplorers”为句子真正的主语,所以填入It作形式主语。

7.考查连词。探索者总是一个孤独的个体,无论他的创举是在艺术、音乐、科学或是技术领域。所以填入whether构成搭配“whether…or不论….或者….”,表示“无论

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