考研考博-英语-北京电影学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京电影学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Mr.Smithissupposed（）forItalylastweek.

问题1选项

A.tohaveleft

B.havingleft

C.toleave

D.tobeleaving

【答案】A

【解析】语法题。besupposedtodosth.为固定用法,

意为应该做某事,

所以首先排除选项B。选项A表示“已经离开”,

选项C表示“准备离开”,

选项D表示“正在离开”。根据句意：史密斯先生应该上个星期就已经离开去意大利了,

选项A符合句意。

2.单选题

Thepresidentpaid_______tothefiremenwhohadfoughttheblaze,sayingtheirbraveryhadsavedcountlesslives.

问题1选项

A.attention

B.heed

C.grief

D.tribute

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项“attention”，意为注意力，关心；B选项“heed”，意为“注意，听从”；C选项“grief”，意为“悲痛，忧伤”；D选项“tribute”意为“致敬，悼念”，句意：总统向灭火的消防队员致敬，称赞他们的勇敢拯救了无数生命。因此，D选项符合句意。

3.单选题

Whenyouleaveajobwithatraditionalpension,don'tassumeyou'velostthechancetocollectit.You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned—andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow."Alotofpeopleforgettheyhaveit,ortheythinkthatbywaitinguntilthey're65,they'llhaveabiggerbenefit,"saysWayneBogosian,presidentofthePFEGroup,whichprovidescorporatepre-retirementeducation.

Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.Ifit'slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsat8%interestis$23,000.Ifyourpensionisworthmorethan$5,000,oryourcompanydoesn'tofferthelump-sumoption,findouthowmuchmoneyyou'reeligibleforattheplan'snormalretirementage,theearlierageatwhichyoucancollectthepension,themoreseverepenaltyforcollectingitearly.You'llprobablystillcomeoutaheadbytakingthemoneynowandinvestingit.

Whatifyouleftajobyearsago,andyou'rerealizingyoumayhaveunwittinglyleftbehindapension?GethelpfromthePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporation.Ithasanonlinesearchtoolthathashelpedlocate$47millioninlostbenefitsformorethan12,000workers.

Ifyouhaveatraditionalpension,retiringearlycostsmorethanyoumightexpect.Mostpeopleassumeyoutakeaproportionalcutforleavingbeforeyourplan'snormalretirementage.Forexample,youmightthinkthatifyouneedtoaccrue30yearsofserviceandyouleavethreeyearsearly,you'dgetapension90percentofthefullamount.

Butthat'snothowitworks.Instead,youtakeanactuarialreduction,determinedbytheemployerbutoftenaround5%ayear,foreachyearyouleaveearly.Soretiringthreeyearsearlycouldleaveyouwithonly85%ofthetotalamount.

Whenyouretireearlywithadefined-contributionplan,theproblemisyoustartspendinginvestmentsonwhichyoucouldbeearninginterest.Ifyouretirewhenyou're55,forexample,andstartusingthetraditionalpensionthen,byage65you'llhaveonlyabouthalfofwhatyouwould'vehadifyou'dkeptworkinguntil65.

1.Whenoneleavesajobwithatraditionalpension（）.

2.Iftheretiree'spensionislessthan$5,000,itiswiseofhimto（）.

3.Ifoneretiresearlywithadefined-contributionplan,heisexpectedto（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasthesubtitleforthelastthreeparagraphs?

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSE?

问题1选项

A.hetendstoforgetthathehasthepension

B.hehasnorighttoaskforthepension

C.he'llhaveabiggerbenefitthanifhewaitsuntiltheageof65

D.hehasaspecifiedworthofpension

问题2选项

A.askthecompanyforalump-sumpayout

B.requirehisformerbosstofigureoutthevalueofhispension

C.takethepensionwithhimandmakeaprofitoutofit

D.collectthepensionathisretirementplan'snormalretirementage

问题3选项

A.earnlessinterest

B.bebetteroilthanwithatraditionalpension

C.startinvestmentimmediately

D.getlessSocialSecuritybenefits

问题4选项

A.YourPayoutIsNotGuaranteed

B.LeaveEarly,LoseBig

C.TheRetirementDilemma

D.TakethePensionwithYou

问题5选项

A.Ifoneleaves3yearsearlyona30-year-servicebasis,hewon'tgetapensionworth27/30.

B.Itpaystogetanearlyretirementifoneunderstandshowretirementpensionplanworks.

C.ThePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporationhelpstheretireetorecoverlostbenefits.

D.Ifonekeepshisexpenseswithinhisretirementframework,hewon'tbeseverelyaffected.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据原文第一段You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned—andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow以及第二段Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.可知，如果你之前的工作有传统养老金，那么退休之后你就得到一笔一定数目的养老金。故本题正确答案为D选项

2.细节事实题。题干询问：如果退休人员的养老金账户不足5000美元，他怎么做会比较明智。根据原文第二段Ifit’slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsat8%interestis$23,000可知，如果少于5000美元，或者公司提供一次性支付，那么就会关闭养老金账户，把钱取出来做20年额投资，以8%的利率计算就是23000美元。由此可知C选项“拿着养老金（投资）赚取利润”最符合题意，故本题正确答案为C项。

3.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Whenyouretireearlywithadefined-contributionplan,theproblemisyoustartspendinginvestmentsonwhichyoucouldbeearninginterest.可知，如果你有固定缴款计划，而你提前退休了，那么问题就出现了。你开始把钱花在本可以赚取利息的投资项目上。后面举例说明：如果你在55岁时退休，然后开始使用传统的养老金，那么到65岁时，你的养老金只有你一直工作到65岁时的一半左右。由此可知，A选项“赚得的利息变少”最符合题意，故本题正确答案为A项。

4.推理判断题。题干询问：下列哪一项适合作为最后三段的小标题？分析原文可知，文章最后三段主要讲的是提前退休与养老金的关系，过早退休开始使用养老金，会比工作到正常退休年龄损失大。因此，B选项“提前退休，损失巨大”最适合作为最后三段的标题，故本题正确答案为B项。

5.推理判断题。题干询问：下列哪一项表述不正确？选项B表示“如果一个人了解退休养老汁划的运行机制，那么提前退休是划算的”明显错误，由最后一段可知，提前退休会造成养老金减少，所以提前退休损失很大。其余选项与原文表述均相符，故本题正确答案为B选项。

4.单选题

Doyouhaveany（

）aboutwhatlivingbeingsonotherplanetswouldbelike?

问题1选项

A.ideal

B.comprehension

C.notion

D.intelligence

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。ideal“理想”；comprehension“理解力”；notion“观念，意见”；intelligence“智力”。句意：你能想象出其它星球上的生物是什么样的吗？选项C符合题意。

5.翻译题

出发前，我曾经和着陆器一起学习过人类探月的历史。在已经有过的130次探月活动中，成功和失败的比例差不多各占一半。

太空探索就是这样，有多美就有多危险，而我不过是人类对太空探索的超级大图中，小小的一个点。

这里的太阳已经落下，温度下降得真快。今天说了好多，但总觉得还不够。告诉大家一个秘密，其实我不觉得特别难过。我只是在自己的探险故事里，和所有的男主角一样，也遇到了一点问题：晚安地球，晚安人类。

【答案】答：

Beforedeparture,Istudiedthehistoryoflunarexplorationwiththelander.Abouthalfofthepast130explorationsendedinsuccess;therestendedinfailure.

Thisisspaceexploration;thedangercomeswithitsbeauty.Iambutatinydotinthevastpictureofmankind’sadventureinspace.

Thesunhasfallen,andthetemperatureisdroppingsoquickly.I’vesaidalottoday,butIdon’tthinkit’senough.Totellyouallasecret,Idon’tfeelthatsad.Iwasjustinmyownadventurestory,andlikeeveryhero,Iencounteredasmallproblem.Goodnight,Earth.Goodnight,humanity.

6.单选题

Tohandlethedelicatesituation,youmustbe______.

问题1选项

A.carefullyenough

B.enoughcarefully

C.morethancareful

D.morecarefully

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查词义辨析。morethan用于形容词或副词前，意思为“非常；十分”。根据be动词后接形容词确定C选项morethancareful“非常小心”正确。其余选项中carefully是副词，不放在be动词后面。句意：要处理这个微妙的局面，你必须非常小心。C选项符合题意。因此C选项正确。

7.单选题

Sheisthemost（）secretaryI’veeverhad.

问题1选项

A.efficient

B.effective

C.industrial

D.practiced

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项efficient“有效率的；有能力的；生效的”，B选项effective“有效的，起作用的；实际的”，C选项industrial“工业的，产业的”，D选项practiced“熟练的；有经验的；老练的”；然后看到题干：她是为我效力过的最（）的秘书。可以看出只有A带进去最符合，她应该是效率高，能力高的秘书，因此A选项符合题意。

8.单选题

InBritainpeople______morethanfourmilliontonsofpotatoeseveryyear.

问题1选项

A.swallow

B.dispose

C.consume

D.exhaust

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项swallow“忍受；吞没；吞下；咽下”；B选项dispose“安置，安排；使……倾向于做；使对……产生某种感觉；扔掉，清除；应付，处理；击败”；C选项consume“消耗，消费；使……着迷；挥霍；耗尽（多指资源、财力的消耗），毁灭；耗尽生命”；D选项exhaust“使筋疲力尽；耗尽（多指体力的耗尽）；彻底探讨；排出”。句意：在英国，人们每年要消耗400多万吨土豆。因此C选项正确。

9.单选题

Theathletehasbeenaccusedof（）hisperformancewithillegaldrugs,buthefirmlydeniesthecharges.

问题1选项

A.enhancing

B.tendering

C.diluting

D.dispensing

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项enhancing“提高”；B选项tendering“提议”；C选项diluting“稀释”；D选项dispensing“配发”。句意：这位运动员被指控使用违禁药物提高成绩，但他坚决否认这些指控。本句表示提高成绩。因此A选项正确。

10.单选题

Inthe（）chapters,theprofessorhastracedtheredefinitionofBritain'sglobalpositioninrecentdecades.

问题1选项

A.obsolete

B.abiding

C.preceding

D.wielding

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析题。obsolete废弃的，老旧的；abiding永久的，持久的，不变的；preceding在前的，前述的；wielding运用。句意：在前几章中，这位教授追溯了近几十年来英国全球地位的重新定义。选项C符合句意。

11.单选题

Improvementsinqualitycontroltechniqueshaveresultedinmorehigh-qualityproductswithveryfew______.

问题1选项

A.failures

B.defects

C.routes

D.spots

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。failures“失败”；defects“缺点”；routes“路线”；spots“斑点”。句意：质量控制技术的改进使产品质量更高，缺陷更少。选项B符合题意。

12.单选题

Afterseveralnucleardisasters,a（

）hasragedoverthesafetyofnuclearenergy.

问题1选项

A.quarrel

B.suspicion

C.controversy

D.verdict

【答案】C

【解析】句意:发生几次核灾难之后，关于核能安全的问题引发了一场激烈的争论。

名词辨析。quarrel吵架,口角;suspicion怀疑,疑心;controversy争论,辩论;verdict（陪审团的）裁定。故C符合句意。

13.单选题

13.

问题1选项

A.Itisonlyacough.

B.it’saminorillness.

C.Itstartedtwoweeksago.

D.It’sextremelyserious.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Howlongcouldyouhavethesesymptoms?

W:Oh,Ihavethecoughfortwoweeks,butfeelingilljustseemtopastafewdays.

Q:Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’sillness?

【解析】女士说：Ihavethecoughfortwoweeks，即咳嗽是两周前开始的。

14.单选题

Thegirlwasso______thattheycouldfoolhereasily.

问题1选项

A.incredible

B.credible

C.credulous

D.creditable

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.incredible不能相信的；难以置信的B.credible可信的；可靠的

C.credulous轻信的；易受骗的D.creditable值得赞扬的；应当认可的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据后半句theycouldfoolhereasily（他们很容易就能骗过她）可知，这个女孩很容易上当受骗，故该题选择C项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合句意。

【句意】那个女孩很容易上当，他们很容易就能骗过她。

15.单选题

Beforeitcouldberesolvedthroughanewcentralizationofdynasticpowerunderanewmandate,theintellectualcrisisoftheConfucianbeliefsbroughtonbytheimpactoftheWestunderminedthesocialorderitself,whichwasmademorevulnerablebythe（）ofitspoliticalinstitutions.

问题1选项

A.functional

B.malpractice

C.integration

D.disintegration

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词以及形容词词义辨析。A选项functional“功能的”；B选项malpractice“玩忽职守”；C选项integration“集成，综合”；D选项disintegration“瓦解，崩溃”。题干说到，西方冲击了孔子思想指示破坏了秩序的本事，可推测空中应该填入一个表示坏结果的词，A，C可排除。B选项在不符合题意，也可排除。句意：在它可以通过新的王朝权力集中来解决之前，西方影响所带来的儒家信仰的知识危机破坏了社会秩序本身，它因其政治机构的……而变得更加脆弱。因此D选项正确。

16.单选题

TheCubangovernmentreleasedtheAmericancontractorAlanGrosson“humanitariangrounds”onWednesdayafterfiveyearsofcaptivity,anAmericangovernmentofficialsaid,（）apotentialthawindecadesoftenserelationswiththeUnitedStates.

问题1选项

A.topavethewayfor

B.pavingthewayfor

C.pavingthewayto

D.topavethewayto

【答案】B

【解析】语法和固定搭配。根据题意，空格前一句提到的事情是空格后事情的原因，前后存在因果关系，所以空格中应该填入一个非谓语动词充当结果状语，选用动词的现在分词形式作结果状语，可排除选项A和D。根据固定搭配pavethewayfor“为......铺好道路，为......做好准备”。句意：为与美国几十年关系的缓解做好了准备。选项B符合题意。

17.单选题

Ⅸ.(LitigationProcedure)

Arelatedconsequenceofthetrial’sdisappearancewouldbetheincreasingbureaucratizationofAmericansociety.Corporatebureaucraciesrationallyorganizedtoachieveprofitmaximizationwouldbelessqualified.Wewouldhavetorelymorecompletelyonouroftenpoliticallybeleagueredadministrativeagenciestocontrolthelatter.Andevenwithinthelegalsystemitself,formalisticmodesofadjudication,whichparallelbureaucraticdecision-making,wouldbelessqualified.Bureaucraticmodesofsocialorderingseek“toexcludequestionsofvalueorpreferenceasobviouslyirrelevanttotheadministrativetask,anditwouldviewrelianceonnonreplicable,nonreviewablejudgmentorintuitionasasingularlyunattractivemethodfordecision”.InsofarasabureaucraticapparatusgrindsforwardmechanicallyandinexorablywemayendupwithwhatHannahArendthasfamouslycalledanirresponsible“rulebynobody”.

Itisunlikely,however,inmanycasesthatgeneralrulesreallydodecideparticularcases.Insteadofamechanicalsystemdecidingcasesdeductively,whatwewillprobablyhaveinmanycasesarejudgesdecidingcasesintheintersticesofcomplexruleswhichdonotthemselvesdecidethecase.Unlikethedevicesofthetrial,whichcanreally“getinside”thedecision-makerandwhosemoralsourcesactuallycantrumpthesubjectivityofalonedecision-maker,complexpatternsofjurisdictional,procedural,evidentiary,andsubstantiverulescaninvitemanipulationbyaCartesianjudgeviewingthoserulesfromadistance.Afterall,asJudgePosner,putit,“Thereisalmostnolegaloutcomethatareallyskillfullegalanalystcannotcoveroverwithlegalvarnish(漆)”atleast“whenthelawisuncertainandemotionsaroused”.Thegrimpicturethatthusemergesfromthetrial’sdisappearanceisabureaucratizedworldwheretherunofcasesaregroundoutbyanirresponsiblemechanismandtheremainingcases“whenthelawisuncertainandemotionsaroused”bytheuntutoredsubjectivityorpoliticalcommitmentsofthejudge.Thereisanothereffectofthedecliningimportanceofpublicprocessesofadjudication.

Wearecontinuingtoloseamajorsourceofpublicinformationonimportantquestionsofgeneralconcern.“Aslongascourtscontinuetobeplacesthatprovidepublicdatainvolumeandkindoutstrippingthatproducedaboutadjudicationinadministrativeagencies,andaslongasprivateprovidersdonotregularlydisseminateinformationaboutorprovideaccesstotheirprocesses,”then“withthedecliningtrialratecomesadiminutionofpublicknowledgeofdisputes,ofthebehaviorofjudges，andoftheforginginpublicofnormativeresponsestodiscord.”

83.Theunderlinedsentencemeansthatbureaucraticmodesofsocialordering___.

84.ThestatementclosestinmeaningtoJudgePosner’sstatementis___.

85.Whencourtscontinuetobeplacesthatprovidepublicdata,thedecliningtrialratedoesNOTcomewith___.

86.Accordingtotheauthor,whatwillNOThappeniftrialdisappearsintheUnitedStates?

问题1选项

A.donotlookintovalueorpreferencebutratherrelyonjudgmentorintuitionwhenmakingdecision

B.havenothingtodowithvalueorpreference

C.areakindofadministrativetask

D.relyonjudgmentorintuition

问题2选项

A.Areallyskillfullegalanalystcanalwayscoveroverhimself

B.Askillfuljudgecanalwaysfindalegalreasonforhisjudgment

C.Thelawisuncertainandemotionsaroused

D.Legalvarnishcancoveroverlegaloutcome

问题3选项

A.decreaseofpublicknowledgeofdisputes

B.diminutionofpublicinformationregardingjudges’behavior

C.growthofforginginpublicofnormativeresponsestodiscord

D.lesseningofpublicawarenessofforginginpublicofnormativeresponsestodiscord

问题4选项

A.Formalisticmodesofadjudicationwouldbelessqualified.

B.Corporatebureaucracieswouldbecomelessqualified.

C.Peoplewouldhavetorelymorecompletelyonadministrativeagencies.

D.Bureaucraticdecision-makingwouldbequalified.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:D

【解析】83.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到划线句子Bureaucraticmodesofsocialorderingseek“toexcludequestionsofvalueorpreferenceasobviouslyirrelevanttotheadministrativetask,anditwouldviewrelianceonnonreplicable,nonreviewablejudgmentorintuitionasasingularlyunattractivemethodfordecision”.（社会秩序的官僚模式寻求“排除与行政任务明显无关的价值或偏好问题，并将依赖不可复制、不可审查的判断或直觉视为一种非常没有吸引力的决策方法”）可知官僚模式将直觉视为决策方法，选A选项“不考虑价值或偏好，而是依靠判断或直觉做决定”；B选项“与价值或偏好无关”，C选项“是一种行政任务”以及D选项“依靠判断或直觉”和原文不符。因此A选项正确。

84.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干关键字“JudgePosner”定位到原文第二段Afterall,asJudgePosner,putit,“Thereisalmostnolegaloutcomethatareallyskillfullegalanalystcannotcoveroverwithlegalvarnish(漆)”atleast“whenthelawisuncertainandemotionsaroused”.（毕竟，正如波斯纳法官所说，“几乎没有法律的结果是一个非常熟练的法律分析师不能用法律粉饰掩盖的”，至少“当法律是不确定的和情绪激动的时候”）可知选C选项“法律是不确定的和情绪激动的”；A选项“一个真正有技巧的法律分析师总能掩饰自己”，B选项“一个有经验的法官总能为他的判决找到合法的理由”以及D选项“法律粉饰可以掩盖法律结果”不符合原文。因此C选项正确。

85.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干关键字“thedecliningtrialrate”定位到原文最后一段“withthedecliningtrialratecomesadiminutionofpublicknowledgeofdisputes,ofthebehaviorofjudges，andoftheforginginpublicofnormativeresponsestodiscord.”（“随着审判率的下降，公众对纠纷、法官行为和公众对不和谐的规范反应的了解也会减少。”）可知C选项“在公众场合形成对不和谐的规范反应”原文未涉及；A选项“减少公众对纠纷的认识”，B选项“减少关于法官行为的公共信息”以及D选项“公众意识的削弱，在公众中伪造对不和谐的规范反应”原文有提及。因此C选项符合题意。

86.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干关键字定位到原文第二段Thegrimpicturethatthusemergesfromthetrial’sdisappearanceisabureaucratizedworldwheretherunofcasesaregroundoutbyanirresponsiblemechanismandtheremainingcases“whenthelawisuncertainandemotionsaroused”bytheuntutoredsubjectivityorpoliticalcommitmentsofthejudge.（因此，从审判的消失中出现的严峻景象是一个官僚化的世界，在这个世界上，案件的运行是由一个不负责任的机制进行的，而剩下的案件则是“在法律不确定的情况下，由法官未经训练的主观性或政治承诺引起的情绪”所影响）可知D选项“官僚决策将是合格的”不会发生；A选项“形式主义的裁决模式不合格”，B选项“公司官僚机构将变得不那么合格”以及C选项“人们将不得不更完全地依赖行政机构”都会发生。因此D选项符合题意。

18.单选题

Whenthedropswereplacedinthepatient’seyes,hispupilsbecame（

）.

问题1选项

A.dilated

B.smaller

C.irritated

D.sensible

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析题。dilated扩大的，膨胀的；smaller较小的；irritated恼怒的，生气的；sensible明智的。句意：当滴剂滴入患者的眼睛时，他的瞳孔放大了。选项A符合句意。

19.单选题

Shamsanddelusionsareesteemedforsoundesttruths,whilerealityisfabulous.Ifmenwouldsteadilyobserverealitiesonly,andnotallowthemselvestobedeluded,life,tocompareitwithsuchthingsasweknow,wouldbelikeafairytaleandtheArabianNights’Entertainments.Ifwererespectedonlywhatisinevitableandhasarighttobe,musicandpoetrywouldresoundalongthestreets.Whenweareunhurriedandwise,weperceivethatonlygreatandworthythingshaveanypermanentandabsoluteexistence—thatpettyfearsandpettypleasurearebuttheshadowofreality.Thisisalwaysexhilaratingandsublime.Byclosingtheeyesandslumbering,byconsentingtobedeceivedbyshows,menestablishandconfirmtheirdailylifeofroutineandhabiteverywhere,whichstillisbuiltonpurelyillusoryfoundation.Children,whoplaylife,discernitstruelawandrelationsmoreclearlythanmen,whofailtoliveworthily,butwhothinkthattheyarewiserbyexperience,thatis,byfailure.IhavereadinaHindoobook,that“therewasaking’sson,who,beingexpelledininfancyfromhisnativecity,wasbroughtupbyaforester,and,growinguptomaturityinthatstate,imaginedhimselftobelongtothebarbarousracewithwhichbelived.Oneofhisfather’sministershavingdiscoveredhim,revealedtohimwhathewas,andthemisconceptionofhischaracterwasremoved,andheknewhimselftobeaprince.Sosoul,fromthecircumstancesinwhichitisplaced,mistakesitsowncharacter,untilthetruthisrevealedtoitbysomeholyteacher,andthenitknowsitselftobeBrahme.”Wethinkthatthatiswhichappearstobe.Ifamanshouldgiveusanaccountoftherealitieshebeheld,weshouldnotrecognizetheplaceinhisdescription.Lookatameeting-house,oracourt-house,orajail,orashop.Oradwelling-house,andsaywhatthatthingreallyisbeforeatruegaze,andtheywouldallgotopiecesinyouraccountofthem.Menesteemtruthremote,intheoutskirtsofthesystem,behindthefartheststar,beforeAdamandafterthelastman.Ineternitythereisindeedsomethingtrueandsublime.Butallthesetimesandplacesandoccasionsarenowandhere.Godhimselfculminatesinthepresentmoment,andwillneverbemoredivineinthelapseofallages.Andweareenabledtoapprehendatallwhatissublimeandnobleonlybytheperpetualinstillinganddrenchingoftherealitythatsurroundsus.Theuniverseconstantlyandobedientlyanswerstoourconceptions;whetherwetravelfastorslow,thetrackislaidforus.Letusspendourlivesinconceivingthen.Thepoetortheartistneveryethadasfairandnobleadesignbutsomeofhisposterityatleastcouldaccomplishit.

39.Thewriter’sattitudetowardtheartsisoneof______.

40.Theauthorbelievesthatachild______.

41.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwithurgingthereaderto______.

42.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwithproblemof______.

问题1选项

A.admiration

B.indifference

C.suspicion

D.repulsion

问题2选项

A.shouldpracticewhattheHindoospreach.

B.frequentlyfacesvitalproblemsbetterthangrownupsdo.

C.hardlyeverknowshistrueorigin.

D.isincapableofappreciatingthearts.

问题3选项

A.looktothefutureforenlightenment.

B.appraisethepresentforitstruevalue.

C.honorthewisdomofthepastages.

D.spendmoretimeinleisureactivities.

问题4选项

A.historyandeconomics.

B.societyandpopulation.

C.biologyandphysics.

D.theologyandphilosophy.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:D

【解析】39.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】作者态度题。题干意思是“作者对艺术的态度是……”。文章第三句提到Ifwererespectedonlywhatisinevitableandhasarighttobe,musicandpoetrywouldresoundalongthestreets.（如果我们只尊重必然的东西，尊重有权威为必然的东西，那么音乐和诗歌会重新在街上唱诵）以及最后一句说到Thepoetortheartistneveryethadasfairandnobleadesignbutsomeofhisposterityatleastcouldaccomplishit.（虽然诗人或艺术家从来没有如此美好和崇高的设想，但至少他的一些后代会达到这一步的），从这两个句子我们可以知道作者把艺术看作是崇高和美好，而不是被蒙蔽的东西，所以A项“钦佩，赞赏”符合。B项“漠不关心”、C项“怀疑”和D项“反感，厌恶”都不准确。因此，该题选择A项正确。

40.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“作者相信一个孩子……”。第七句提到Children,whoplaylife,discernitstruelawandrelationsmoreclearlythanmen,whofailtoliveworthily…（孩子们游戏生活，却比那些难以很好生活的成人们更能清楚的分辨出显示生活的真正规律和联系……），由此可知，对于生活中的困难和问题，作者相信孩子们能够比成年人更好地去面对，故B项“常常比成年人更好地面对各种问题”符合题意。C项“几乎不知道他的真实出身”，这是讲的王子的事情，不是一般的孩子。A项“应该实践印度布道所宣扬的东西”和D项“难以欣赏艺术”在文中没有描述。因此，该题选择B项正确。

41.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“作者主要关心的是敦促读者……”。文章提到Ineternitythereisindeedsomethingtrueandsublime.Butallthesetimesandplacesandoccasionsarenowandhere.Godhimselfculminatesinthepresentmoment,andwillneverbemoredivineinthelapseofallages.Andweareenabledtoapprehendatallwhatissublimeandnobleonlybytheperpetualinstillinganddrenchingoftherealitythatsurroundsus.（永恒中，确实有真实和崇高的东西存在。但是所有这一切时间，地点，机遇都是在此时此地。上帝本身在现时达到了顶峰。在今后流逝的岁月中，它绝不会更加神圣崇高。我们只有长期不断地灌输和浸润在周围现实之中，才能理解什么是崇高和神圣的东西。），由此可知，真实和崇高的东西都是存在于现在的，在今后的岁月中，绝对不会变得更加神圣和崇高，所以可推知，作者强调的是人们应该珍惜现在，所以B项“珍视目前的真正价值”符合题意。A项“展望未来，寻求启迪”与原文不符。C项“尊重过去的智慧”和D项“花更多的时间在休闲活动上”没提到。因此，该题选择B项正确。

42.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】主旨大意题。题干意思是“这篇文章主要是关于……的问题”。通读全文可知，文章整篇都在就真理和现实来展开论述，传递的内容是哲学推理论说，所以D项“神学和哲学”符合题意。A项“历史和经济学”、B项“社会和人口”和C项“生物学和物理学”都在文中找不到相关的信息。因此，该题选择D项正确。

20.单选题

Themousethatusedtopilferfromourpantrywascaughtbyagiantcatatlast.

问题1选项

A.felicitate

B.filch

C.fray

D.flout

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.felicitate庆贺，庆祝B.filch窃取，偷窃

C.fray磨损，紧张D.flout藐视，无视，嘲笑

【答案】B

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键词mouse（老鼠）和pantry（食品储藏室）可推测，划线单词pilfer的意思是“偷”。因此，B选项含义与划线部分词义最为接近，故本题正确答案为B选项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项与划线单词的意思不符合。

【句意】那只经常偷食的老鼠终于被一只大猫逮住了。

21.单选题

Theargumentwassimultaneouslyapolicydebateandanextendedexegesisofacrucialphraseina1986federallawthatregulatesthehiringprocedures.

问题1选项

A.exportation

B.expulsion

C.explication

D.expiation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项exportation“出口；输出；出口货”；B选项expulsion“逐出；开除；除籍”；C选项explication“说明；阐明；展开”；D选项expiation“补偿；赎罪；抵罪”。句意：这场争论同时是一场政策辩论，也是对1986年一项管理招聘程序的联邦法律中一个关键短语的延伸注释。exegesis“注释，解释”，C选项与该词意思最相近，因此C选项正确。

22.单选题

Adealofattentionisbeingpaidtodaytotheso-calleddigitaldivide一thedivisionoftheworldintotheinfo(information)richandtheinfopoor.Andthat（1）doesexisttoday.MywifeandIlecturedaboutthisloomingdangertwentyyearsago.Whatwaslessinvisiblethen,however,werethenew,positive（2）thatworkagainstthedigitaldivide.Actually,therearereasonstobe（3）.

Therearetechnologicalreasonstohopethedigital