考研考博-英语-北京航空航天大学北海学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京航空航天大学北海学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.问答题

Amongtheprincipalchallengestosustainedgrowthofinternationaleconomicrelationsisthe

A

risenprotectionism,especiallyinnewandvirulentformsthatthreatenthealwaysfragilegrowth

B

C

D

oftradebetweencountriesatalllevelsofdevelopment.

【答案】试题答案：B;rising

【解析】考查形容词辨析。risen意为“升起的”，rising意为“上升的”，此处表示指上升的保护主义。

2.不定项选择题

Anyhopeofafountainofyouthtostoppeoplefromgettingolderisalongwayoff,withsciencejustbeginningtounderstandthecomplexgenetic,physicalandhormonalcausesofaging.Butexpertssaidtherewereinterestingtargetsforstudy,includinggenesinvolvedinAlzheimer'sdisease,thehormoneDHEAandtheroleofexercisesinkeepingpeopleyoung.

StevenLambertsandcolleaguesnotedthatlevelsofDHEAweremuchlowerinolderpeople.OnestudyinadultsshowedtakingDHEAtablets“inducedaremarkableincreaseinperceivedphysicalandphysiologicalwellbeinginbothmenandwomenwithouthavinganeffectonsex”.OtherstudiesonratsshowedgivingthemDHEAcouldpreventobesityanddiabetes.Buttheysaidmuchmorestudywasneeded.

CableFinchandRudophTanzisaiditwasconceivablethatgeneticengineeringexperimentscouldtransfergenesfromonespeciestoanothertoalterlifespan.However,itseemsunlikelythatafewgenesdeterminethe25folddifferenceinlifespansbetweenratsandhumans.Aninstructiveexampleisthe10-folddifferenceinlifespansoffemaleworkerbeesandqueensofthesamegenotype,whichshowmuchsloweragingduringlifespansofmanyactiveyearsofeggproduction.Thedifference—whatthebeeswerefedasjuveniles.

OneinterestinggeneticcandidatewastheAPOEgene,mutationsofwhicharelinkedwithAlzheimer'sdisease.Oneversionofthisgenedoesseemtobelinkedwithlonglife,althoughmanymorestudiesareneeded.

Forthosewhodonotwanttowait,Lamberts'teamsaidexercisecanbekeytopreventingthefrailtythatagingbrings.Lossofmusclestrengthisanimportantfactorintheprocessoffrailty.Onestudyinhomefortheelderlyshowedasedentarylifestylegreatlycontributestothis.Supervisedresistanceexercisetrainingcoulddoublemusclestrengthandsignificantlyincreasegaitvelocityandstair-climbingpower.Thisdemonstratesthatfrailtyintheelderlyisnotanirreversibleeffectofaginganddiseaseandcanbereducedandperhapsevenprevented.

1.ThespecificpurposeofsettingAlzheimer'sdiseaseastheresearchtargetisto（）.

2.ThesecondparagraphimpliesthattakingDHEAtabletswould（）.

3.IntheexamplecitedbyFinchandTanzi,lifespanwasmostlikelyaffectedby（）.

4.Inthesentence“Onestudyinhomefortheelderlyshowed…”(inPara.5),thelastword“this”refersto（）.

问题1选项

A.discoverawaytodecodeallthehumangenes

B.findoutsomethingaboutthegeneticcauseofaging

C.locatethefountainofyouthinhumanbodies

D.probeintotheroleofexerciseinretainingyouth

问题2选项

A.certainlymakepeopleyounger

B.helpyoulosesomeweight

C.promotenoincreaseinsexdrive

D.showlittlehealtheffectlikegreaterbodystrength

问题3选项

A.transferringcertaingenes

B.differentstrainsbetweenspecies

C.natureofone'slifelongwork

D.thedietonetakes

问题4选项

A.exercisetraining

B.preventionoffrailty

C.lossofmusclestrength

D.processofcuringthedisease.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:C

【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】

1.ThespecificpurposeofsettingAlzheimer’sdiseaseastheresearchtargetisto______.1.将阿尔茨海默病作为研究对象的具体目的是______。

A.discoverawaytodecodeallthehumangenesA.找到一种解码所有人类基因的方法

B.findoutsomethingaboutthegeneticcauseofagingB.找出导致衰老的遗传原因

C.locatethefountainofyouthinhumanbodiesC.在人体中找到青春的源泉

D.probeintotheroleofexerciseinretainingyouthD.探讨运动在保持青春中的作用

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第四段的内容“一个有趣的候选基因是APOE基因，这种基因的突变与阿尔茨海默病有关。这种基因的一个版本似乎确实与长寿有关，尽管还需要更多的研究。”，从中可知，APOE基因与长寿有关，而该基因的变异与Alzheimer疾病有关。说明阿尔茨海默病会造成衰老。所以阿尔茨海默病是为了找出衰老的基因，B项符合原文。

【干扰项排除】

A项“找到一种解码所有人类基因的方法”中的all太夸张，曲解原文；

C项“在人体中找到青春的源泉”表述错误，研究阿尔茨海默病是为了找出导致衰老的基因，而不是保持青春的基因，曲解原文；

D项“探讨运动在保持青春中的作用”与阿尔茨海默病研究无关，张冠李戴。

第2题:2.【选项释义】

2.ThesecondparagraphimpliesthattakingDHEAtabletswould______.2.第二段暗示服用脱氢表雄酮片剂______。

A.certainlymakepeopleyoungerA.当然让人更年轻

B.helpyoulosesomeweightB.帮助你减肥

C.promotenoincreaseinsexdriveC.不会增加性欲

D.showlittlehealtheffectlikegreaterbodystrengthD.会像增强身体力量一样对健康没有什么影响

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】首先定位至文章第二段，第二句提到“一项针对成年人的研究表明，服用脱氢表雄酮片可以显著提高男性和女性的身体和生理健康水平（aremarkableincreaseinperceivedphysicalandphysiologicalwellbeing），但不会对性生活产生影响（withouthavinganeffectonsex）”，从中可知，服用脱氢表雄酮片对男女身心健康都有极大的促进，但是对性生活没什么影响，C项“不会增加性欲”符合原文。故该题选择C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“当然让人更年轻”没有体现，无中生有；

B项“帮助你减肥”，第二段提到的是“注射脱氢表雄酮可以预防肥胖和糖尿病”，预防肥胖不代表可以帮助减肥，该项曲解原文；

D项“会像增强身体力量一样对健康没有什么影响”与原文不符，文中提到服用脱氢表雄酮片可以显著提高身体健康，该项曲解原文。

第3题:3.【选项释义】

3.IntheexamplecitedbyFinchandTanzi,lifespanwasmostlikelyaffectedby______.3.在芬奇和坦齐引用的例子中，寿命最有可能受到______的影响。

A.transferringcertaingenesA.某些基因转移

B.differentstrainsbetweenspeciesB.物种间的不同菌株

C.natureofone’slifelongworkC.一生工作性质

D.thedietonetakesD.饮食

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第三段列举的工蜂和蜂王的例子可知，蜂王在积极地大量产卵期间，生命老化得较慢；这也就是说寿命受到终身工作的影响。C项“一生工作性质”符合原文。

【干扰项排除】

A项“某些基因转移”是基因工程的实验，与题干无关，张冠李戴；

B项“物种间的不同菌株”没有提到，无中生有；

D项“饮食”，第二段最后一句提到“区别在于，蜜蜂幼年时吃的是什么”，根据常识，蜂王幼年时只吃蜂王浆，而工蜂幼年时吃花粉等其他蜜蜂食物，所以“蜜蜂幼年时吃的是什么”决定了它们在以后的工作职业将是什么，归根到底寿命的长短还是受到终身工作的影响，该项只是解释蜂王和工蜂的区别，与题干无关，张冠李戴。

第4题:4.【选项释义】

4.Inthesentence“Onestudyinhomefortheelderlyshowed…”(Para.5),thelastword“this”refersto______.4.在第五段的“Onestudyinhomefortheelderlyshowed…”中，最后一个单词“this”指的是______。

A.exercisetrainingA.运动训练

B.preventionoffrailtyB.预防衰弱

C.lossofmusclestrengthC.肌力丧失

D.processofcuringthediseaseD.治疗疾病的过程

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】首先，根据题干定位至第五段第三句“一项针对老年人的家庭研究表明，久坐的生活方式在很大程度上对此（this）起了极大作用”，结合上文“肌肉力量的丧失（Lossofmusclestrength）是衰弱过程中的一个重要因素”，从中可知，this指的就是上文提到的“肌肉力量的丧失（Lossofmusclestrength）”，故该题选择C项正确。

【干扰项排除】A项“运动训练”、B项“预防衰弱”和D项“治疗疾病的过程”不符合上下文连接，曲解原文。

3.单选题

Thepurposeofa（

）istocutdownimportsinordertoprotectdomesticindustryfromforeigncompetition.

问题1选项

A.tax

B.tariff

C.fee

D.toll

【答案】B

【解析】句意:征收关税的目的在于削减进口，从而保护国内产业免受国际竞争。

名词辨析。Tax征税，出租车;tariff关税,收费表;fee费用，酬金;toll征税,代价。根据后半句意推测B项正确。

4.单选题

Everybodylikeshim.Heisvery（

）withallhiscolleagues.

问题1选项

A.popular

B.familiar

C.close

D.vulgar

【答案】A

【解析】根据句意可知，大家都很喜欢他，说明他很受欢迎。选项A最符合语境。

5.单选题

AlmosteverylaymanIhavemetexhibits______andhowtheyarewritten.

问题1选项

A.therealcuriosityaboutthesongs

B.arealcuriosityaboutthesongs

C.realcuriosityaboutthesongs

D.arealcuriosityaboutsongs

【答案】D

【解析】考查冠词的使用。句意：几乎我见过的每一个外行都对这些歌曲以及它们是如何被写出来的充满好奇。curiosity虽是不可数名词，因其前面有形容词real，故可以和不定冠词a连用，排除A,C。songs是泛指，不需要加定冠词the，排除B。因此D选项正确。

6.单选题

Whenwecreditthesuccessfulpeoplewithintelligence,physicalstrengthorgoodluck,wearemakingexcusesforourselvesbecausewefall（

）inallthree.

问题1选项

A.rare

B.lacking

C.short

D.scarce

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。rare“稀罕的”；lacking“缺乏的；匮乏的”；short“缺乏的”；scarce“不足的”。句意：当我们知晓成功人士拥有智力、体力和好运时，我们在为自己找借口，因为我们缺少这三样。fallshort固定搭配，意思是“缺乏”，选项C符合题意。

7.单选题

Thetragicimpactofmoderncityonthehumanbeinghaskilledhissenseofaesthetics.Thematerialbenefitsofanaffluentsocietyhavedivertedhisattentionfromhiscityanditsculturalpotentialtotheproductsofscienceandtechnology:washingmachines,centralheating,automaticcookers,televisionsets,computersandfittedcarpets.Heis,atthemoment,drunkwithdemocracy,well-to-do,andhasneverhaditsogood.

Heisreluctanttowalk.Statisticaldatarevealthatthedistanceheispreparedtowalkfromhisparkingplacetohisshoppingcenterisveryshort.Astherearenoadequateoffstreetparkingfacilities,thecitiesarelitteredwithkerb-parkedcars,andparkingmetersrearthemselveseverywhere.Congestionhasbecomethepredominantfactorinhisenvironment,andstatisticssuggestthattwocarsperhouseholdsystemmaysoonmakemattersworse.

Inthemeantime,insultisaddedtoinjuryby“landvalue”.Thevalueoflandresultsfromitsuse:itsincomeisderivedfromtheserviceitprovides.Whenitsuseisintensified,itsincomeanditsvalueincrease.“Puttinglandtoitshighestandbestuse”becomestheprincipaleconomicstandardinurbangrowth.Thisspeculativeapproachandthepressureofincreasingpopulationleadstothe“vertical”growthofcitieswiththeresultthatpeopleareforcedtoadjustthemselvestocongestioninordertomaintaintheserelativelyartificiallandvalues.Paradoxicallytheremedyforremovingcongestionistocreatemoreofit.

Partialdecentralization,orratherpseudo-decentralization,intheformoflargedevelopmentunitsawayfromthetraditionaltowncenters,onlyshiftsthediseaseroundtheanatomyofthetown:ifitisnotcombinedwiththeremodelingofthetown’stransportationsystem,itdoesnotcureit.Heretheengineeringsolutionsarestronglyaffectedbythenecessityforcomplicatedintersections,which,inturn,arefrustratedbytheextravagantcostofland.

Itiswithinourpowertobuildbettercitiesandrevivethecivicprideoftheircitizens,butweshallhavetostopoperatingonthefringeoftheproblem.Weshallhaveradicallytore-planthemtoachievearationaldensityofpopulation.Weshallhavetoprovideinthemwhatcanbecalledminimum“psychologicalelbowroom.”Oneoftheingredientsofthiswillbepropertransportationplans.Thesewillhavetobeanintegralpartoftheoverallplanningprocesswhichinitselfisascientificprocess.Ifwewanttoplaneffectively,wemustcollect,inanorganizedmanner,allandcompleteinformationaboutthecityorthetown.Inthisprocess,wemustnotforgetthatcitiesarebuiltbypeople,andthattheirformandshapeshouldbesubjecttothewillofthepeople.Scientificmethodsofdatacollectionandanalysiswillindicatetrends,buttheywillnotdirectaction.Scientificmethodsareonlyaninstrument.Manwillhavetosetthetarget,and,usingtheresultsobtainedbyscienceandhisownengineeringskill,takeuponhimselfthefinalshapingofhisenvironment.

26.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthatpeopleinoldtimes______.

27.Thehighly-developedtechnologyhasmademan______.

28.Thedrasticincreaseoflandvalueinthecity______.

29.Theexpansionofbigcitiestothedistantsuburbanareasmay______.

30.Theauthorsuggeststhattheremodelingofcitiesmust______.

问题1选项

A.paidmoreattentiontomaterialbenefits

B.hadastrongersenseofbeauty

C.weremoredesirousaboutthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology

D.enjoyedmorefreedomanddemocrat

问题2选项

A.increasinglyindustrious

B.freefrominconvenience

C.excessivelydependentonexternalaids

D.abletosavehisphysicalstrength

问题3选项

A.isthegoodresultofeconomicdevelopment

B.offersmoreopportunitiestolanddealers

C.isannoyinglyartificialandmeaningless

D.fortunatelyleadstothe“vertical”growthofcities

问题4选项

A.solvetheproblemofcitycongestion

B.resultintheremodelingofthetown’stransportationsystem

C.bringthesamecongestiontothesuburbanareas

D.needlessinvestmentonland

问题5选项

A.putprioritytothebenefitofthefuturegenerations

B.befocusedonpeopleratherthanoneconomy

C.beeconomicallyprofitabletolandowners

D.resorttoscientificmethods

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】26.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第一句Thetragicimpactofmoderncityonthehumanbeinghaskilledhissenseofaesthetics.（现代城市对人类的悲剧性影响扼杀了人的审美意识。），说明过去的人是拥有审美意识的，但是被现代城市扼杀了。因此B选项“有较强的审美意识”正确。A选项“比较注重物质利益”，C选项“对科技的发展有更大的愿望”，D选项“享有更多的自由和民主”，由原文可知，这是现代人的特点，所以A，C，D错误。

27.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第二句Thematerialbenefitsofanaffluentsocietyhavedivertedhisattentionfromhiscityanditsculturalpotentialtotheproductsofscienceandtechnology:washingmachines,centralheating,automaticcookers,televisionsets,computersandfittedcarpets.（富裕社会的物质利益将人的注意力从城市及其文化潜力转移到了科技产品上：洗衣机、中央供暖系统、自动炊具、电视机、电脑和地毯。）和第二段第一句Heisreluctanttowalk.（人不愿意走路。），说明高度发达的科技让人类越来越依赖各种科技产品，不愿意自己动手。因此C选项“过度依赖外部援助”正确。A选项“越来越勤劳”，B选项“从不便中解放出来”，D选项“能够保存自己的体力”均不符合题意，所以A，B，D错误。

28.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第五、六句Thisspeculativeapproachandthepressureofincreasingpopulationleadstothe“vertical”growthofcitieswiththeresultthatpeopleareforcedtoadjustthemselvestocongestioninordertomaintaintheserelativelyartificiallandvalues.Paradoxicallytheremedyforremovingcongestionistocreatemoreofit.（这种投机的方式和人口增长的压力导致了城市的“垂直”增长，其结果是人们被迫调整自己，以适应拥堵，以维持这些相对人为的土地价值。矛盾的是，消除拥堵的补救办法是制造更多的拥堵。），说明土地价值的大幅提升是人为的、没有意义的。因此C选项“是人为的，没有意义的，令人讨厌”正确。A选项“是经济发展的好结果”，B选项“为土地商提供了更多的机会”，D选项“幸运地导致了城市的垂直发展”都是形容积极的结果，而原文表达的是消极的意思，所以A，B，D错误。

29.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段第一句Partialdecentralization,orratherpseudo-decentralization,intheformoflargedevelopmentunitsawayfromthetraditionaltowncenters,onlyshiftsthediseaseroundtheanatomyofthetown:ifitisnotcombinedwiththeremodelingofthetown’stransportationsystem,itdoesnotcureit.（部分分散化，或者说是伪分散化，以大型开发单位的形式远离传统的城镇中心，只是将疾病转移到城镇的解剖结构上：如果不与城镇交通系统的改造相结合，就无法治愈疾病。），说明大城市向远郊区扩展，并不会解决大城市的交通拥堵问题，反而会给郊区也带来交通拥堵问题。因此C选项“给郊区带来同样的拥堵问题”正确。A选项“解决城市拥堵问题”，B选项“导致城镇交通系统的改造”，D选项“需要减少对土地的投资”均不符合题意，所以A，B，D错误。

30.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】观点态度题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段倒数第四句Inthisprocess,wemustnotforgetthatcitiesarebuiltbypeople,andthattheirformandshapeshouldbesubjecttothewillofthepeople.（在这个过程中，我们不能忘记城市是由人建造的，城市的形态应该服从于人的意志。），说明作者认为城市的改造必须以人类为中心。因此B选项“以人为本，而不是以经济为中心”正确。A选项“把造福子孙后代放在首位”，C选项“对土地所有者有经济效益”在文中没有提及，所以A，C错误。D选项“诉诸科学方法”，由原文可知，作者认为科学方法只是一种工具，人类必须自行承担环境的最终塑造工作，所以D错误。

8.单选题

FirsttherewasaWashingtonPostarticlepublishedshortlyaftertheelectionsonthepresumptivenewHousespeaker,"MutedTonesofQuietAuthority：ALookSuitedtotheSpeaker."Itofferedtheinformationthat"Pelosi'ssuitwasbyGiorgioArmani—theItalianmasterofneutraltonesandmodernpowerdressing—andsheworeitwell."Thearticleatleastappearedinthenewspaper'sStylesection,butwaschock—fullofpsychoanalyticforaysintoPelosi'swardrobechoices,assertingthat"anArmanisuit,forawoman,isatoolforplayingwiththeboyswithoutpretendingtobeone."IwouldwagerthatPelosiisonewomanwhodoesn'tplayaroundwithanyone.

ThentherewasaNewYorkTimesarticleinJanuaryinitsThursdayStylessectiontitled"SpeakingChictoPower."WhilenotingthatPelosi,barelyinhernewjobamonth,hadbroughttheHousetovotesonaminimumwageincrease,stemcellresearchandMedicaredrugprices,thearticlesaid"shediditlookingpreternaturallyfresh,withawardrobethat.whitestillsubduedandover-reliantonsuits,hasseldomsprucedthehallsofCongress."

SimilararticlesappearedintheBaltimoreSunandChicagoTribune.Mentionedwereotherwomenpoliticiansandtheirfashionchoices,suchasSen.HillaryClinton'shairstyleandpreferenceforblackpantsuitsorFloridaRep.DebbieWassermanSchultz'shaircut.Thequestioniswhetherfocusingontheclothingchoicesofseriousfemalepoliticalplayersrisksrenderingthemlessthanserious.Anotherquestioniswhethersuchreportswarrantpreciousspace.Afterall,withrareexceptions,malepoliticiansareseldomscrutinizedfortheirchoiceofsuits.

Somereportersandeditorshaven'tfiguredoutawaytocoverfemalepoliticiansthatdoesn'trelyontheoldstereotypes,saysGailDines,sociologyandwomen'sstudiesprofessoratWheelockCollegeinBoston."Tobeawomanpolitician,youhavetostrategizeandworkhard,andyetwhatmattersiswhatdesigneryou'rewearing.It'sawaytomakewomeninpowerlessscary,"Dinesnotes."It'sputtingwomenintoacomfortzoneforthosewhoarestillbaffledbyhowtotreatstrongwomen."

Thearticlesseemathrowbacktoatimewhenwomenwereonlyspouses,notplayers,saysRuthMandel,directoroftheEagletonInstituteofPoliticsatRutgersUniversity."Tofocusontheirattire,thecutoftheirclothes...istobeindangeroftrivializingwhotheyare,theimportantroletheyplayandthemeaningbehindwomen'sadvancementtopositionsofpower:Thatis,we'removingtoatruedemocracyofsharedleadership."

Theproblemisthemediahaven'tquitecaughtup."Awomanwhorisestoaleadershippositionatanylevelisgoingtodressappropriately,"saysKathleenHallJamieson,professorattheAnnenbergSchoolofCommunicationsattheUniversityofPennsylvania."Itunderscoreshercompetenceandisnotadistraction.Youtakeforgrantedthatitwouldnotbeworthyofcommentanymore."Jamiesonthinkstheunderlyingmotivationforreportingonfemalepoliticians'styleis"thenaturalnewsinterestintalkingaboutwhatchanges,andmendon'tlookdifferent.Thereisauniformformeninpowerandweallknowthatitlookslike.Theonlythingtochangeisthecoloroftheshirtortie."Becausewomenhavegreaterfashionoptions,changestheymakearemoreobviousandinviteanalysis.NowthatPelosi's"uniform"hasbeenestablished,thatshouldbetheendofit.DittoforClinton."Clintonnowhasarangeofwhatshewears."Jamiesonsays."Shehasn'tbeenchanginghairstylesorherpantsuits.Thatisourdefinitionofwhatshewears,andthatshouldendit."

TomRosenstiel,directoroftheProjectforExcellenceinJournalism,thinksreportingthatdescribeswomenpoliticians'appearanceisjustifiedinprofilesofthem.Femalepoliticianswillcertainlysurvivesuchsillycoverage,andsomearguethestoriesareharmless.Butthesewomenarerolemodelsforyoungwomenandofferanalternativetothefashionmodelandcelebrityinsettingthestandardforfemalebeautyandworth.

Dinesworriesthatwhenthemediaemphasizetheappearanceofwomen,itperpetuatesattitudesinthelargerworldthatdevalueandlimitwomen."Thesearefortunate,privilegedwomen,"Dinesnotesofpoliticians,butforyoungwomentryingtomakeitintheworld,howtheylookcanaffecttheiropportunities."

1.Thepassagemainlyabout（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofPelosi?

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueofmalepoliticalleaders?

4.Somepeoplecontendthemedia（）.

5.ProfessorJamiesonbelievesthat（）.

问题1选项

A.thecaptiouscoverageofpowerfulwomenattire

B.fashionablewomenleadersintheUSA

C.theseriousnessoffemalepoliticalplayers

D.theimportanceofmakingpowerfulwomenlessscary

问题2选项

A.Shewascoveredinthenewspaperfashionsection.

B.Shebroughtsomecontroversialideastovoteinthehouse.

C.HerfashionbroughtanextraordinaryfreshnessintheHouse.

D.ShestakedonsomerecreationsastheHousespeaker.

问题3选项

A.Theytrivializefemalepoliticalleadersbyfocusingontheirattire.

B.Theyarealwaysbaffledbyhowtotreatwomeninpower.

C.Theyareseldominspectedcriticallyfortheirstyleofsuits.

D.Theyarepoliticallyrelevantbutdazzlinglycharismaticlooking.

问题4选项

A.paysmoreonwomenpoliticiansthantheirmalecounterparts

B.setsthewomenpoliticiansanalternativestandardforfemalebeautyandworth

C.emphasizestheappearanceofthewomenpoliticianstodevaluatethem

D.isjustifiedtoputtheclothingchoicesofwomenpoliticiansonpreciousspace

问题5选项

A.dressingappropriatelyofwomenpoliticianswouldnotbeworthyofcommentanymore

B.wehavethedefinitionofwhatSen.Clintonwears,andthatshouldbe.endofherstyleanalysis

C.nodistractionwouldbeearnedforthosepoliticiansinuniform

D.womenpoliticianswouldliketomakechangesandinviteanalysis

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.结合全文内容可知,本文主要是讲对有权势的女性穿着所出现的挑剔报道。选项A正确。

2.根据一二段的内容可知,选项A,B,C在文中均有提及并且表述正确,只有选项D错误。

3.根据第三段的最后一句"Afterall,withrareexceptions,malepoliticiansareseldomscrutinizedfortheirchoiceofsuits."几乎无一例外地,很少有人去细究男政治家们的服装选择。所以,选项C正确。

4.根据最后一段"Dinesworriesthatwhenthemediaemphasizetheappearanceofwomen,itperpetuatesattitudesinthelargerworldthatdevalueandlimitwomen."当媒体强调女性的外貌时,这会在更大范围内使贬低和限制女性的态度持久化。选项C符合原文。

5.根据关键词"Jamieson"定位到第六段第三句"Itunderscoreshercompetenceandisnotadistraction.Youtakeforgrantedthatitwouldnotbeworthyofcommentanymore."它强调的是她的能力而不是一种娱乐。你理所当然地认为这不再值得评论。选项A符合原文。

9.单选题

Fitnesshelps______signsofdepression,suchasindecisionandlackofzestfordailyactivities.

问题1选项

A.alleviate

B.diagnose

C.assess

D.manipulate

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项alleviate“减轻，缓和”；B选项diagnose“诊断；断定；判断”；C选项assess“评定；估价；对……征税”；D选项manipulate“操纵；操作；巧妙地处理；篡改”。句意：健康有助于缓解抑郁迹象，如优柔寡断和对日常活动缺乏热情。因此A选项正确。

10.单选题

______conflictamongcity-statescausedtheeventualdeclineofGreekcivilization.

问题1选项

A.Continuous

B.Continual

C.Constant

D.Contrary

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。continuous“连续的，持续的”，中间没有间断；continual“持续不断的；频繁的”，中间可能有间断；constant“不变的；恒定的；经常的”；contrary“相反的，对立的”。句意：城邦之间持续不断的冲突最终导致了希腊文明的衰落。选项B符合题意。

11.单选题

Threehundredyearsagonewstravelledbywordofmouthorletter,andcirculatedintavernsandcoffeehousesintheformofpamphletsandnewsletters.“Thecoffeehousesparticularlyareveryroomyforafreeconversation,andforreadingataneasierrateallmannerofprintednews,”notedoneobserver.Everythingchangedin1833whenthefirstmass-audiencenewspaper,TheNewYorkSun,pioneeredtheuseofadvertisingtoreducethecostofnews,thusgivingadvertisersaccesstoawideraudience.Thepennypress,followedbyradioandtelevision,turnednewsfromatwo-wayconversationintoaone-waybroadcast,witharelativelysmallnumberoffirmscontrollingthemedia.

Now,thenewsindustryisreturningtosomethingclosertothecoffeehouse.Theinternetismakingnewsmoreparticipatory,socialanddiverse,revivingthediscursiveethosoftheerabeforethemassmedia.Thatwillhaveprofoundeffectsonsocietyandpolitics.Inmuchoftheworld,themassmediaareflourishing.Newspapercirculationrosegloballyby6%between2005and2009.Butthoseglobalfiguresmaskasharpdeclineinreadershipinrichcountries.

Overthepastdecade,throughouttheWesternworld,peoplehavebeengivingupnewspapersandTVnewsandkeepingupwitheventsinprofoundlydifferentways.Moststrikingly,ordinarypeopleareincreasinglyinvolvedincompiling,sharing,filtering,discussinganddistributingnews.Twitterletspeopleanywherereportwhattheyareseeing.Classifieddocumentsarepublishedtheirthousandsonline,MobilephonefootageofArabuprisingsandAmericantornadoesispostedonsocial-networkingsitesandshownontelevisionnewscasts.Social-networkingsiteshelppeoplefind,discussandsharenewswiththeirfriends.

Anditisnotjustreaderswhoarechallengingthemediaelite.TechnologyfirmsincludingGoogle,FacebookandTwitterhavebecomeimportantmeansofnews.Celebritiesandworldleaderspublishupdatesdirectlyviasocialnetworks;manycountriesnowmakerawdataavailablethrough“opengovernment”initiatives.Theinternetletspeoplereadnewspapersorwatchtelevisionchannelsfromaroundtheworld.Thewebhasallowednewprovidersofnews,fromindividualbloggerstosites,torisetoprominenceinaveryshortspaceoftime.Andithasmadepossibleentirelynewapproachestojournalism,suchasthatpracticedbyWikileaks,whichprovidesananonymouswayforwhistleblowerstopublishdocuments.Thenewsagendaisnolongercontrolledbyafewpressbaronsandstateoutlets.

Inprinciple,everyliberalshouldcelebratethis.Amoreparticipatoryandsocialnewsenvironment,withar