考研考博-英语-南京森林警察学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南京森林警察学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Notonly______muchbiggerthananyplanet,butunliketheplanets,itconsistscompletelyofgaseousmaterial.

问题1选项

A.thesunis

B.thesun,whichis

C.isthesun

D.thatthesun

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：太阳不仅比任何行星都要大得多，而且不同的是，它完全由气体物质组成。根据题目和选项确定考查固定搭配notonly…but的部分倒装，notonly放在句首的倒装结构为notonly+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语+其他，C选项isthesun选项符合题意。因此C选项正确。

2.单选题

Therearemanywaystorecycleusedmaterials,forexample,___rubberfromoldtires.

问题1选项

A.detecting

B.declaring

C.reclaiming

D.requiring

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项detect“察觉；发现；探测”；B选项declare“宣布，声明；断言，宣称”；C选项reclaim“开拓；回收再利用；改造某人，使某人悔改；抗议，喊叫”；D选项require“需要；要求；命令”。句意：有很多方法回收使用过的材料，例如，从旧轮胎中回收橡胶。结合此处语境，C选项正确。

3.单选题

Thecomputercanbeprogrammedto（）awholevarietyoftasks.

问题1选项

A.assign

B.tackle

C.realize

D.solve

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项assign表示“分配；指派”，B选项tackle表示“应付，着手处理”，C选项realize表示“意识到”，D选项solve表示“解决（问题、难题等）”。由句意可知，计算机可以编程，解决各种各样的任务。因此，只有B选项可以搭配宾语task，故本题正确答案为B选项。

4.单选题

Thecostsassociatedwithnaturaldisastersareincreasingrapidly.Asaresult,officialsingovernmentandindustryhavefocusedmoreattentionondisastersandtheireffects.TheWhiteHouseOfficeofScienceandTechnologyPolicyhasestimatedthatdisasterscostthecountryabout$1billionperweek.HurricaneAndrew,theMidwestfloodof1993,andtheHanshinearthquakehaveshownthatindividualdisasterscancosttensifnothundredsofbillionsofdollars.Thisincreasingcosthasresultedingreaterfundingfromgovernmentandindustryforthedevelopmentoftechnologiesrelatedtodisasterprediction,andhasledtomoreresearchintotheeffectiveuseofpredictiveinformation.

Theinsuranceindustryhaslongbeenawareofthedangersofnaturaldisasters;the1906earthquakeinSanFrancisco,California,bankruptedscoresofinsurancecompanies.Buttheindustryhasfocusedparticularattentionondisasterpredictioninrecentyears,asspiralingcostsrevealedthatmanycompanieshadunderestimatedtheirfinancialexposure.Forinstance,priortoHurricaneAndrewin1992,manyinsuranceexpertsthoughtthattheworsthurricanepossiblewoulddonomorethan$8billionindamagestotheindustry.ThedamagescausedbyHurricaneAndrew,estimatedatabout$17billion,shatteredthesebeliefs.Today,estimatesofworst-casedisasterscenariosapproach$100billion.

Theinsuranceindustryhasthereforeincreaseditssupportforresearchintodisasterprediction.OnesucheffortinvolvesanumberofcompaniesthathavejoinedtogethertosupporttheBermuda-basedRiskPredictionInitiative,whichfundsdisasterresearch.Theexpectationisthattheresultinginformationwillplacetheindustryonamoresolidfoundationtomakedecisionsabouttheriskoffuturedisasters.Theindustryhasalsolobbiedforthegovernmenttobearsomeofthefinancialburdenofdisasterinsurance.Suchaprogramalreadyexistsforfloodinsurance,setupinthelate1960sbythefederalgovernmenttoinsureflood-proneareas.Thesetypesofprograms,effectivelyimplemented,couldbeincreasinglynecessaryinthefuturetomakeinsuranceavailableinareaspronetodisasters.

Becausethestakesaresohigh,thescienceofdisasterpredictionhasabrightfuture.Thevariousprojectsandprogramsillustratethatdisasterpredictionisatopicofconcerntoscientistsandpolicymakersalike.Hurricanes,tornadoes,floods,earthquakes,tsunamis,andvolcanoesallshowthattheeffectiveuseofdisasterpredictionsnotonlyrequiresadvancedtechnologybutalsorequiresthatsocietyconsidertheentireprocessofprediction—forecasts,communication,anduseofinformation.Becausetheycannotpredictthefuturewithcertainty,andbecausemuchremainstobelearned,scientistswarnthatsocietymustunderstandthelimitsofscientificpredictionsandbepreparedtoemployalternatives.Wiselyused,however,disasterpredictionhasthepotentialtoreducesociety’svulnerabilitytonaturaldisasters.

1.Theresultoftheincreasingcostsinnaturaldisastersis（）.

2.ThedifferencebetweentheactuallosscausedbyHurricaneAndrewandthelossestimatedbyinsurancecompaniesbeforethehurricaneis（）.

3.Thepurposeofinsurancecompaniestosupportdisasterpredictionresearchisthat（）.

4.Theword“tsunamis”(Line3,Para.4)mostlikelyrefersto（）?

5.Thekeyfactortoreducesociety’svulnerabilitytonaturaldisastersis（）.

问题1选项

A.greatlosssufferedbycommercialcompanies

B.government’sincreasedattentionondisaster

C.individual’sawarenesstonaturaldisasters

D.morefundstosupportthepredictionresearch

问题2选项

A.1billiondollars

B.8billiondollars

C.9billiondollars

D.17billiondollars

问题3选项

A.companieswanttomakemoneyfromtheinsuredplaces

B.companiesmaythushaveabetterideaofthefuturerisks

C.companiescangetmoresympathiesfromthegovernment

D.companiesintendtomakeuseofpeople’strustintheindustry

问题4选项

A.violentstormwithwhirlingwindsinthefunnel-shapedcloud

B.aseriesofhugeanddestructivewaves,usuallycausedbylargeearthquakesbeneaththeocean

C.mountainfromwhichlava,cinders,steam,gasesescapethroughopeningsintheearth’scrust

D.stormwithaviolentwind,esp.acycloneintheWestAtlantic

问题5选项

A.insurancecompaniesshouldbewiseenoughintheirestimatesoflosses

B.thegovernmentshouldbearsomeofthefinancialrisksofdisasterinsurance

C.thegeneralpublicshouldbemadefullyawareofthepossibledamages

D.technologyshouldbeimprovedandthreephasesofpredictionbeconsidered

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干关键词theincreasingcost可以定位到原文首段“Thisincreasingcosthasresultedingreaterfundingfromgovernmentandindustryforthedevelopmentoftechnologiesrelatedtodisasterprediction,andhasledtomoreresearchintotheeffectiveuseofpredictiveinformation.”，中文翻译为：这种不断增加的损失已让政府和企业为开发与灾难预测相关的技术提供了更多的资金，且已带来对预测信息有效利用的更多研究。因此D选项“更多资金去支持预测研究”符合题意。

2.【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“Forinstance,priortoHurricaneAndrewin1992,manyinsuranceexpertsthoughtthattheworsthurricanepossiblewoulddonomorethan$8billionindamagestotheindustry.ThedamagescausedbyHurricaneAndrew,estimatedatabout$17billion,shatteredthesebeliefs.”，中文翻译为：例如，在1992年安德鲁飓风发生前，很多保险公司专家认为工业可能的最严重损失将至多80亿美元。而安德鲁飓风所造成的被估计大约为170亿美元的损失却打破了这些看法。可推断出C项“90亿美元”正确。

3.【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可以定位到文章第三段“Theexpectationisthattheresultinginformationwillplacetheindustryonamoresolidfoundationtomakedecisionsabouttheriskoffuturedisasters.”，中文翻译为：这种期望是，产生的消息将让该行业（即保险业）有更可靠的基础去决策未来灾害的风险。可知答案为B项“公司可能因此对未来风险有更好的了解”。

4.【试题解析】词汇题。根据题干关键词tsunamis可以定位到文章第四段第三句话“Hurricanes,tornadoes,floods,earthquakes,tsunamis,andvolcanoesallshowthat…”，中文翻译为：飓风、龙卷风、洪水、地震、海啸和火山都表明了……可以判断出该单词为“海啸”，因此B项“一系列巨大且破坏性的波浪，通常是海底大地震导致的”正确。

5.【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可定位到原文第四段第三句话“Hurricanes,tornadoes,floods,earthquakes,tsunamis,andvolcanoesallshowthattheeffectiveuseofdisasterpredictionsnotonlyrequiresadvancedtechnologybutalsorequiresthatsocietyconsidertheentireprocessofprediction―forecasts,communication,anduseofinformation.”，中文翻译为：飓风、龙卷风、洪水、地震、海啸和火山都表明，有效利用灾害预测不仅需要先进的技术，而且需要社会考虑预测的整个过程——预测、通信和信息的使用。可知答案为D“应该改进技术，考虑预测的三个阶段”。

5.单选题

Thegovernormightconceivablyfindagenuineresolutiontothebudgetarydilemma,butshemaybetemptedtoengageinadeception:a_______exerciseinfiscalprudence.

问题1选项

A.rigorous

B.blatant

C.specious

D.convincing

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项rigorous“严密的；严格的”；B选项blatant“公然的；炫耀的”；C选项specious“似是而非的；华而不实的”；D选项convincing“有说服力的”。句意：可以想象，这位州长可能会找到一个真正的解决预算困境的办法，但她可能会被诱导去搞一场骗局：一个_______的财政审慎行动。根据语境，specious“似是而非的；华而不实的”搭配deception“骗局”比较合理。因此C选项正确。

6.单选题

Byadaptingtoyourmentalcondition,youcan（）moreinlesstime.

问题1选项

A.complement

B.implement

C.compliment

D.accomplish

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A:complement“补足”；B:implement“实施”；C:;compliment“恭维”；D:accomplish“完成”。句意：通过调整你的心理状态，你能在更短的时间里完成更多任务。结合句意，故D为正确答案。

7.单选题

Myneighbortendedtoreactinaheatand（）way.

问题1选项

A.impetuous

B.impertinent

C.imperative

D.imperceptible

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。impetuous“性急的，鲁莽的”；impertinent“无关的，不恰当的，不相干的”；imperative“必要的，紧急的，极重要的”；imperceptible“察觉不出的，感觉不到的”。句意：我邻居倾向于用一种激烈、鲁莽的方式做出反应。选项A符合题意。

8.单选题

Seniorgovernmentfigures（）inthecover-up.

问题1选项

A.couldhaveacquired

B.musthaveacquiesced

C.mighthavedone

D.willhaverequired

【答案】B

【解析】句意:政府高级官员必然已经默许掩盖真相。

考查短语辨析。空格处动词与in搭配，后面接宾语cover-up(掩盖，掩饰)。Acquiesceinsth.默然接受…；默许；顺从。

9.单选题

()thatshouldbegivenpriorityto.

问题1选项

A.Itisthecommitteehasdecided

B.Itisonlythecommitteehasdecided

C.Itiswhatthecommitteehasdecided

D.Itiswhathasthecommitteedecided

【答案】C

【解析】考查强调句型。该句强调部分是被动句的主语whatthecommitteehasdecided。句意：委员会的决定应该优先执行。因此C选项符合题意。

10.单选题

Youmustletmehavetheannualreportwithout（）byteno’clocktomorrowmorning.

问题1选项

A.failure

B.hesitation

C.trouble

D.fail

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。withoutfail为固定搭配,表示“必定,务必”。句意为:你必须在明天早上十点之前把年度报告交给我。所以选项D正确。

11.单选题

Thereisno（）inapplyingforthatjobasyouarenotproperlyqualified.

问题1选项

A.reason

B.point

C.result

D.chance

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项reason“理由”；B选项point“要点”；C选项result“结果”；D选项chance“机会”。句意：申请那份工作是没有……的，因为你不够资格。根据Thereisnopoint“没有必要的”，结合句意可知，选项B正确。

12.单选题

WhenIwasalittlegirl,lovedformymomtotellmestoriesaboutherself.Nomatterhowtiredshewas,sheneveradumbratedthem.Shewouldfillthemwithminutestdetails,andtheywerealwaysfascinating.Myfavoritestorywastheoneabouthowmymommetmydad:“Iwas17-years-old,butIalreadyknewthekindofmanIwouldmarry.Hewouldnotbetoogarrulous.Itellyou,Rosa,it’simportantforamantotaketimetolistentowhatyouhavetosay,andneverimpertinent.Politenessisagoodtrait.”

“Well,I’msupposedtobetellingyouaboutthedayImetyourdaddy,right?Okay,soIwasridingtheAmtraktrainbetweenProvidenceandPhiladelphiaduringmyfreshmanyearatBrown,andthedoorattheendofmycarrattledopen.Hewastallandswarthy.Heworeathickivorycableknitsweaterwithagraywoolscarfwrappedfirmlyaroundhisneck.Icouldn’ttellwhathisheritagewasandthatintriguedme.WhatwasheIndian,Portuguese,Peruvian?”MomwouldpausehereandIwouldshout“CapeVerdean!”She’dcontinue.“Well,ifIhadbeenshyImighthavejustlookedoutthetrainwindow.ButthenwherewouldIbenow?Youwouldn’tevenbehere!SoIletmyeyeslockwithhisashewobbleddownthemovingtrain.”

“Hesmiledaslightsmile,notabigone.Hiseyesraisedjustenoughtoletmeknowhehadsportedmetoo.”Ialwayslovedthislineandwouldsmileattheimageofmydadstumblingdownthetrainandthennoticingmyradiantmom.“SoRosa,oncewespottedeachother,yourdadfoundinfinitereasonstowalkpastmetogotothecafecar.Iwassittingbymyselfalongtheaisle.Sofinally,Ijustslidovertothewindow,leavingtheseatnexttomeempty.Yourdadcamebackwithtwocupsofhotcocoaandsatdownwithasmile.Andwehadthemostdelightfulconversation!”

“Icouldtellrightthenthatthiswasnoephemeralcrushthiswastherealdeal.Iwasgoingtoenduplovingthismanforever.”HerecomesthepartIlovedbestaboutthestory.“WepullintothetrainstationinPhiladelphia,andit’stimeformetogetoff.HewasheadingontoWashingtonwherehewasgoingtoschool.IpreparedmyselfforsomehackneyedexpressionasIgotoffthetrain.Youknow,greatmeetingyou,oryou’retheappleofmyeye.Ialsoworriedhemighttrytosneakasmooch.Whichwouldhavebeenabigturnoff.We’djustmet!Instead,hetookmyhandgentlyandgaveitalittlesqueeze.Hesaid,4Ifit’sthethoughtthatcounts,consideryourselfkissed.”

Mamasaidshejustaboutdiedwhenhesaidthat!Thenshesaidtoherself,“Thatmanwillbemyhusband.”Andsoheis.

1.Asusedinthispassage,whichisthebestantonymfor“adumbrated”(Para.1)?

2.WhymighttheauthorhavechosenRosaasthenarratoreventhoughitishermotherwhoistellingthemainstory?

3.Whatisimpliedintheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph2?(“Well.IfIhadbeenshy,...themovingtrain.’’)

4.Whichisthebestantonymfor“hackneyed”(Para.4)?

5.WhatmayRosa’smombemeaningtoconveytoherchildbytellingthisstoiy?

问题1选项

A.Invented

B.lengthened

C.understated

D.simplified

问题2选项

A.TomakethereaderlearnthestoryfromRosa’sperspective.

B.Tomakeitclearthatthestoryhappenedalongtimeago.

C.TomakeitclearthatRosa’smotherhaspassedaway.

D.Tomakethestoryseemmorestraightforward.

问题3选项

A.Assoonastheylockedeyestheyfellinlove.

B.Itisbesttobeoutspokeninallcircumstances.

C.Rosareallywantedtojustlookoutthewindow.

D.Aslightchangecouldhavegreatlyalteredherlife.

问题4选项

A.happy

B.humorous

C.original

D.over-used

问题5选项

A.Theadviceonwhattolookforinapartner

B.Theyearningtogobacktothattimeandplace

C.Theideathateducationshouldcomebeforemarriage

D.ThesuggestionthatRosamightfindherhusbandonatrain.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.“adumbrated”本意为‘预示；画...的轮廓’。A‘Invented’意为‘发明的’；B‘lengthened’意为‘加长的，详细的’；C‘understated’意为‘理解的’；D‘simplified’意为‘简单化的’。根据“Nomatterhowtiredshewas,sheneveradumbratedthem.Shewouldfillthemwithminutestdetails无论她多累，她从不只讲故事大概，而是详细地讲述，本题要求选与“adumbrated”词义相反的词，所以B选项‘lengthened’符合题意，正确。

2.本文是选择Rosa来叙述自己妈妈与自己爸爸邂逅相爱的故事，全文以Rosa叙述故事，正是要让读者从她的角度了解故事如何发展；而B和C选项很明显不符合文意，D选项“让故事看起来更简单明了”的方式应该是以Rosa妈妈第一人称视角讲述更为直观。

3.根据句意“Well.IfIhadbeenshy...themovingtrain.”译为“若当时我太羞涩，我可能就望向窗外。然而那么我现在会在哪儿呢？你是不会在这儿的！所以在他晃荡着下火车时，我的目光牢牢地锁住了他。”确定D选项正确。A选项‘让读者从Rosa的角度听故事‘、B选项‘表明故事发生在很久以前’和C选项‘表明Rosa的妈妈已经过世‘都与文章大意不符，排除。

4.选择"hackneyed（陈腐的；平庸的）的反义词，但不知道hackneyed的意思怎么办呢，我们可以根据“preparedmyselfforsomehackneyedexpressionasIgotoffthetrain.Youknow,Greatmeetingyou,orYou’retheappleofmyeye.”（当我要下火车时，我自己准备了些如“很高兴见到你”，“你是我的挚爱”等表达。）我们可以看出我当时准备的是客套的常规表达，所以hackneyed的意思就能推断出来，其反义词应该是C项的“original新颖的，独创的”。

5.从文中第二段“butIalreadyknewthekindofmanIwouldmany...”即可判断Rosa妈妈讲述她和爸爸的故事来告诉Rosa找什么样的伴侣。A选项符合。其他三项B渴望回到那时那景，C认为受教育要在婚前，D暗示Rosa可能会在火车上遇到自己的丈夫与文章主旨不符。

13.单选题

AttheUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngeles(UCLA),astudentloadedhisclassnotesintoahandhelde-maildeviceandtriedtoreadthemduringanexam:aclassmateturnedhimin.AttheUniversityofNevadaatLasVegas(UNLV)studentsphotographedtestquestionswiththeircell-phonecamerasandtransmittedthemtoclassmates.Theuniversityputinplaceanewexamination-supervisionsystem.“Ifthey’dspendasmuchtimestudying,they’dallbeAstudents,”saysRonYasbin,deanoftheCollegeofSciencesofUNLV.

Withavarietyofelectronicdevices,Americanstudentsfinditeasiertocheat.Andcollegeofficialsfindthemselvesinanewgameofcatandmouse.Theyaretryingtofightwould-becheatsintheexamseasonbycuttingoffInternetaccessfromlaptops,demandingthesurrenderofcell-phonesbeforetestsorsimplyrequiringthatexamsbetakenwithpensandpaper.

“Itisannoying.Myhand-writingissobad.”saidRyanDapremont,21whojustfinishedhisthirdyearatPepperdineUniversityinCalifornia.Hehadtotakehisexamsonpaper.Dapremontsaidtechnologyhasmadecheatingeasier,butplagiarism(剽窃)inwritingpaperswasprobablythebiggestproblem.Studentscanliftotherpeople’swritingsofftheInternetwithoutattributingthem.

Still,somestudentssaidtheythoughtcheatingthesedayswasmoreaproductofthemindset,notthetoolsathand.“Somepeopleputtoomuchemphasisonwherethey’regoingtogointhefuture,andallthey’rethinkingaboutisgraduateschoolandthenextstep,”saidLindsayNicholas,athird-yearstudentatUCLA.Sheaddedthatpressuretosucceed“sometimescloudseverythingandmakespeopledothingsthattheyshouldn’tdo.”

Someprofessorssaidtheytriedtowriteexamsforwhichitwashardtocheat,posingquestionsthatoutsideresourceswouldnothelpanswer.Manyofficialssaidthattheyrelyoncampushonorcodes.Theysaidthemostimportantthingwastoteachstudentsnottocheatinthefirstplace.

1.OnestudentatUCLAwasfoundcheating（）.

2.AccordingtoRonYasbin,allthecheatingstudents（）.

3.Towinthenewgameofcatandmouseinexaminations,thecollegeofficialshaveto（）.

4.AccordingtoRyanDapremont,（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingisprobablythemostsignificantmeasuretofightcheating?

问题1选项

A.whenhewasloadinghisclassnotesintoahandhelde-maildevicet

B.whenhewastryingtotelltheanswerstohisclassmatest

C.aftertheuniversityputinplaceanewexamination-supervisionsystemt

D.afterhisclassmatereportedhischeatingtotheauthorityt

问题2选项

A.shouldbeseverelypunishedfortheirdishonestyt

B.didn’thavemuchtimetostudybeforetheexamt

C.couldgetthehighestgradesiftheyhadstudiedhardenought

D.couldbeexcusedbecausetheywerenotfamiliarwiththenewsystemt

问题3选项

A.usemanyhigh-techdevicest

B.cutoffInternetaccessoncampust

C.turntotheoralexaminationformst

D.cutofftheuseofhigh-techdevicest

问题4选项

A.examinationstakenwithpensandpaperwereuselessinfightingcheatingt

B.hisexaminationpaperwasunder-gradedbecauseofhisbadhand-writingt

C.cheatingwasmoreseriousinwritingpapersthaninexaminationst

D.itwasmoredifficultforhimtoliftotherpeople’swritingsofftheInternett

问题5选项

A.Puttinglessemphasisonwherethestudentsaregoingtogointhefuture.t

B.Lettingstudentsknowthathonestyismoreimportant.t

C.Writingexaminationsforwhichitishardtocheat.t

D.Settingupmorestrictcampushonorcodes.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。题干意思是“加州大学洛杉矶分校的一名学生被发现作弊……”。第一段指出AttheUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngeles(UCLA),astudentloadedhisclassnotesintoahandhelde-maildeviceandtriedtoreadthemduringanexam:aclassmateturnedhimin.（在加州大学洛杉矶分校(UCLA)，一名学生将他的课堂笔记加载到一个手持电子邮件设备中，并试图在考试时阅读它们：一个同学告发了他），由此可知D项“在他的同学向当局报告了他的作弊行为后”正确。A项“当他把他的课堂笔记载入一个手持电子邮件设备时”，这是作弊的方法；B项“当他试图把答案告诉他的同学时”，内容与原文不符；C项“在学校实行了新的考试监督制度后”，第一段提到AttheUniversityofNevadaatLasVegas(UNLV)studentsphotographedtestquestions…putinplaceanewexamination-supervisionsystem.（在拉斯维加斯的内华达大学(UNLV)，学生们用手机摄像头拍摄试题……实行了新的考试监督制度），由此可知实行新的考试监督制度是内华达大学，而不是加州大学，C项错误。因此，该题选择D项正确。

第2题:细节事实题。题干意思是“据罗恩雅斯宾说，所有作弊的学生……”。第一段最后一句雅斯宾提到了Ifthey’dspendasmuchtimestudying,they’dallbeAstudents（如果他们花同样多的时间学习，他们都能成为优等生），由此可知C项“如果他们学习足够努力，他们能得最高分”符合题意。A项“他们的不诚实应该受到严厉的惩罚”、B项“考试前没有太多时间学习”和D项“因为他们不熟悉新系统所以可以被原谅”在文中雅斯宾都没有提到过。因此，该题选择C项正确。

第3题:细节事实题。题干意思是“为了在新的考试中赢得猫和老鼠的游戏，大学管理者们必须……”。根据第二段第三句Theyaretryingtofightwould-becheatsintheexamseasonbycuttingoffInternetaccessfromlaptops,demandingthesurrenderofcell-phonesbeforetestsorsimplyrequiringthatexamsbetakenwithpensandpaper.（为了打击考试季的作弊行为，他们切断了笔记本电脑的网络连接，要求考生在考试前交出手机，或者干脆要求考生用纸笔考试）可知，D项“停止使用高科技设备”正确；A项“多使用高科技设备”和C项“变为口试形式”内容与原文相反；B项“切断校园内的网络”，原文提到的是切断笔记本的网络连接，不是校园网络，B项错误。因此，该题选择D项正确。

第4题:细节推理题。题干意思是“RyanDapremont表示……”。根据题干定位到第三段，Dapremontsaidtechnologyhasmadecheatingeasier,butplagiarisminwritingpaperswasprobablythebiggestproblem.Studentscanliftotherpeople’swritingsofftheInternetwithoutattributingthem.（Dapremont说，技术让作弊变得更容易，但写论文时的剽窃可能是最大的问题；学生们可以从互联网上抄袭别人的作品，而不用注明出处），由此可推断，论文作弊比考试作弊更严重，因此C项“写作作弊比考试作弊更严重”正确。A项“纸笔考试对于打击作弊毫无用处”，文章只提及技术让作弊更加容易，A项断章取义；B项“由于他的字写得很差，他的试卷评了低分”文中没有提到他由于字写得差而打了低分；D项“对他来说，从互联网上摘抄别人的作品就更难了”，内容与原文相反。因此，该题选择C项正确。

第5题:细节判断题。题干意思是“下面哪个可能是打击作弊最重要的措施？”。文章最后一句提到Theysaidthemostimportantthingwastoteachstudentsnottocheatinthefirstplace.（他们说最重要的事情是首先要教学生不要作弊），由此可知，打击作弊最重要的措施是给学生建立诚实的考试原则，所以B项“让学生知道诚实更重要”符合题意。A项“不太重视学生将来的去向”，这不属于措施；C项“很难作弊的写作考试”和D项“建立更严格的校园荣誉守则”是具体的方法，与题干不符。因此，该题选择B项正确。

14.单选题

Lazinessisasin,everyoneknowsthat.Wehaveprobablyallhadlecturespointingoutthatlazinessisimmoral,thatitiswasteful,andthatlazypeoplewillneveramounttoanythinginlife.Butlazinesscanbemoreharmfulthanthat,anditisoftencausedbymorecomplexreasonsthansimplewishtoavoidwork.Somepeoplewhoappeartobelazyaresufferingfrommuchmoreseriousproblems.Theymaybesodistrustfuloftheirfellowworkersthattheyareunabletojoininanygrouptaskforfearofridiculeorfearofhavingtheirideasstolen.Thesepeoplewhoseemlazymaybeparalyzedbyafearoffailurethatpreventsfruitfulwork.Orothersortsoffantasiesmaypreventwork;somepeoplearesobusyplanning,sometimesplanninggreatdealsorfantasticachievements,thattheyareunabletodealwithwhatever“lesser”workisonhand.Stillotherpeoplearenotavoidingwork;strictlyspeaking,theyaremerelyprocrastinating—reschedulingtheirday.

Lazinesscanactuallybehelpful.Likeprocrastinators(拖延者),somepeoplemaylooklazywhentheyarereallythinking,planning,contemplating,researching.Weshouldallrememberthatsomegreatscientificdiscoveriesoccurredbychanceorwhilesomeonewas“goofingoff(游手好闲)”,Newtonwasn’tworkingintheorchardwhentheapplehithimandhedevisedthetheoryofgravity.Allofuswouldliketohavesomeone“lazy”buildthecarorstovewebuy,particularlyifthat“laziness”werecausedbytheworker’stakingtimetocheckeachstepofhisworkandtodohisjobright.Andsometimes,being“lady”—thatis,takingtimeoffforarest-isgoodforanoverworkedstudentor,executive.Takingarestcanbeparticularlyhelpfultotheathletewhoistryingtoohardorthedoctorwho’ssimplyworkinghimselfovertimetoomanyevenings,attheclinic.Sobecarefulwhenyou’retemptedtocallsomeonelazy.Thatpersonmaybethinking,resting,orplanninghisorhernextbook.

1.Themainideaofthispassageisthat______.

2.Thepassagestatesthat______.

3.Whichofthefollowingconclusiondoesthepassagesupport?

4.Thefinalparagraphis______.

5.Theword“devised”inPara.2means______.

问题1选项

A.lazinessisamoralsin

B.thereareadvantagesanddisadvantagesinbeinglazy

C.lazinessindicatesdeep-seatedemotionalproblems

D.lazypeopledomorecarefulwork

问题2选项

A.lazinessisadisease

B.somelazypeopleareinsecure

C.lazinessismorebeneficialthanharmful

D.agooddefinitionoflazinessisemotionalillness

问题3选项

A.Thewordlazinessissometimesappliedincorrectly.

B.Mostofthetimelazinessisavirtue.

C.Mostassemblylineworkersarelazy.

D.Mostinsecurepeoplearelazy.

问题4选项

A.somber

B.humorous

C.serious

D.trite(陈腐的)

问题5选项

A.formulate

B.understood

C.wrote

D.proved

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章第一段讲了懒惰是一种罪恶，第二段又指出懒惰也会起到很大的作用，说明本文主要讲的是懒惰的坏处和好处。因此B选项“懒惰有好处也有坏处”最能概括文章主旨。A选项“懒惰是一种道德上的罪恶”，C选项“懒惰表明了根深蒂固的情感问题”，D选项“懒惰的人做的工作更仔细”均不能完整地概括文章主旨，所以A,C,D错误。

2.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第五句Theymaybesodistrustfuloftheirfellowworkersthattheyareunabletojoininanygrouptaskforfearofridiculeorfearofhavingtheirideasstolen.（他们可能非常不信任他们的同事，以至于无法参加任何小组任务，因为害怕被嘲笑或担心他们的想法被窃取。），说明懒惰表明了一种根深蒂固的情感问题。因此D选项“对于懒惰的一个很好的定义是情感疾病”正确。A选项“懒惰是一种疾病”，B选项“一些懒惰的人没有安全感”，C选项“懒惰的好处多于坏处”在文中均没有提及，所以A,B,C错误。

3.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段最后两句Sobecarefulwhenyou’retemptedtocallsomeonelazy.Thatpersonmaybethinking,resting,orplanninghisorhernextbook.（所以当