考研考博-英语-商丘师范学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-商丘师范学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Morethanone-thirdoftheChineseintheUnitedStatesliveinCalifornia,（

）inSanFrancisco.

问题1选项

A.previously

B.predominantly

C.practically

D.permanently

【答案】B

【解析】previously以前，预先；predominantly主要地，显著地；practically实际地，事实上；permanently永久地。句意：在美国，超过三分之一的华人居住在加州，主要居住在旧金山。选项B符合句意。

2.单选题

AfricaandSouthAmericanaremovingawayfromeachotherasnewmaterialis（）intothefloorbetweenthem.

问题1选项

A.dejected

B.ejected

C.injected

D.projected

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项deject“使……沮丧；使……灰心”；B选项eject“喷射；驱逐，逐出”；C选项inject“注入；注射”；D选项project“计划；发射；放映”。句意：随着新材料被注入到非洲和南美之间的地板上，它们正在相互远离，因此C选项正确。

3.单选题

Hedidn’tmentionyournamebutIwassurehewas________toyou.

问题1选项

A.intimating

B.inferring

C.alluding

D.suggesting

【答案】C

【解析】动词词义辨析。intimating“示意，暗示”；inferring“推断，猜想”；alluding“提及，暗指”；suggesting“暗示，建议”。句意：他没有提到你的名字，但是我肯定他暗指你了。选项C符合题意。

4.单选题

Iftheoldmaximthatthecustomerisalwaysrightstillhasmeaning,thentheairlinesthatplytheworld’sbusiestairroutebetweenLondonandParishaveaflightontheirhands.

TheEurostartrainservicelinkingtheUKandFrenchcapitalsviatheChannelTunneliswinningcustomersinincreasingnumbers.InlateMay,itcarrieditsonemillionthpassengers,havingrunonlyalimitedservicebetweenLondon,ParisandBrusselssinceNovember1994,startingwithtwotrainsadayineachdirectiontoParisandBrussels.By1997,thecompanybelievesthatitwillbecarryingtenmillionpassengersayear,andcontinuetogrowfromthere.

FromJuly,EurostarstepsitsservicetoninetrainseachwaybetweenLondonandParis,andfivebetweenLondonandBrussels.Eachtraincarriesalmost800passengers,210oftheminfirstclass.

Theairlinesestimatethattheywillinitiallylosearound15%-20%oftheirLondon-ParistraffictotherailwaysonceEurostarstartsafullservicelaterthisyear(1995),with15trainsadayeachway.AsimilarservicewillstarttoBrussels.Thedamagewillbelimited,however,theairlinesbelieve,withpassengernumbersreturningtopreviouslevelswithintwotothreeyears.

Intheshortterm,thedamagecausedbythe1millionpeople-levelstravelingbetweenLondonandParisandBrusselsonEurostartrainsmeansthatsomeairservicesarealreadysuffering.Someofthemajorcarrierssaythattheirpassengernumbersaredownbylessthan5%andpointtotheirrivals-ParticularlyAirFrance—ashavingsufferedtheproblems.OntheBrusselsroute,therailwaycompanyhadlesssuccess,andtheairlinesreportanythingfromarounda5%droptonovisibledeclineintraffic.

Theairlines’optimismonreturningtrafficlevelsisbasedonhistoricalprecedent.BritishMidland,forexample,pointstoitsexperienceonHeathrowLeedsBradfordservicewhichsawpassengernumbersfoldby15%whenBritishRailelectrifiedandmodernizedtherailwaylinebetweenLondonandYorkshire.Twoyearslater,travelhadrisenbetweenthetwodestinationstothepointwheretheairlinewascarryingrecordnumbersofpassengers.

41.Britishairlinesconfideinthefactthat（）.

42.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsthedropofpassengersmaybedescribedas（）.

43.Inthepassage,BritishRail(Para6)ismentionedto（）.

44.Therailway’sBrusselsrouteisbroughtforthtoshowthat（）.

45.Thepassageistakenfromthefirstofanessay,fromwhichwemaywellpredictthatinthefollowingparttheauthorisgoingto（）.

问题1选项

A.theyaremorepowerfulthanotherEuropeanairlines

B.theirtotallosswon’tgobeyondadropof5%passengers

C.theirtrafficlevelswillreturnin2-3years

D.travelingbyrailcannevercatchupwithtravelingbyair

问题2选项

A.worried.

B.delighted

C.puzzled

D.unrivaled

问题3选项

A.provideacomparisonwithEurostar

B.supporttheairlines’optimism

C.provetheinevitabledropofairpassengers

D.callforelectrificationandmodernizationoftherailway

问题4选项

A.theEurostartrainserviceisnotdoinggoodbusiness

B.theairlinescanwellcompetewiththerailway

C.theEurostartrainserviceonlycausedlittledamage

D.onlysomeairlines,suchasAirFrance,aresuffering

问题5选项

A.praisetheairlines’clear-mindedness

B.warntheairlinesofhigh-speedrailservices

C.proposeareductionofLondon/Parisflights

D.advisetheairlinestofollowBritishMidlandastheirmodel

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】41.细节理解题。根据文章第四段，“Thedamagewillbelimited,however,theairlinesbelieve,withpassengernumbersreturningtopreviouslevelswithintwotothreeyears.”，可知航空公司相信，损失将是有限的，乘客数量将在两到三年内恢复到以前的水平。可判断出英国航空公司坚信他们的交通水平将在2-3年内恢复。选项C符合题意。

42.作者态度题。纵观全文，作者认为列车的开通对航空公司的影响力度是有限的，客人最后还是会重新选择航空运输，所以对乘客数目下降的现象还是持乐观态度的，但是从整篇文章的语气来看，作者还是心存担忧的。选项A符合题意。

43.推断题。根据文章第四段，“theairlinesbelieve,withpassengernumbersreturningtopreviouslevelswithintwotothreeyears.”，客户自航空公司坚信乘客最终还是会选择航空运输。又根据文章最后一段，“Theairlines’optimismonreturningtrafficlevelsisbasedonhistoricalprecedent.”，可知航空公司对恢复客流量水平的乐观态度是基于历史先例。可推断出作者下文提到BritishRail的例子就是为了证明这一观点：航空公司对航空运输的水平持客观态度。选项B符合题意。

44.推断题。根据文章第五段，“OntheBrusselsroute,therailwaycompanyhadlesssuccess,andtheairlinesreportanythingfromarounda5%droptonovisibledeclineintraffic.”，可知在布鲁塞尔的航线上，铁路公司没有那么成功，航空公司的报告显示，只造成了5%左右的下降，并没有明显的影响。可推断出布鲁塞尔铁路的开通事例说明了欧洲之星列车只对航空运输造成了很小的损害。选项C符合题意。

45.推断题。整篇文章都在说明和强调航空公司对列车开通带来的乘客流量下降并没有很重视，而是一直持乐观态度，相信乘客最终会选择航空运输，但是作者却对此表现出担忧，可推断出作者在接下来的文段中将会给予航空公司一些警告，以让他们能注重列车服务发展带来的冲击。选项B符合题意。

5.单选题

Thisalbumis______asitwastheonlyoneeversignedbythePresident.

问题1选项

A.unusual

B.unique

C.rare

D.singular

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项unusual“不同寻常的”，B项unique“独特的，独一无二的”，C项rare“稀有的，半熟的”，D项singular“单数的，单一的”。根据句子theonlyoneeversignedbythePresident“唯一一个有总统签名的”可知，B项最符合语境。句意：这张专辑是独一无二的，因为它是唯一一张有总统签名的专辑。因此，该题选择B项正确。

6.单选题

Althoughwetriedtoconcentrateonthelecture,wewere（

）bythenoisefromthenextroom.

问题1选项

A.displaced

B.distracted

C.dispersed

D.discarded

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。displace“取代”；distract“分心”；disperse“分散，传播”；discard“丢弃”。句意：尽管我们尽力将精力集中在讲座上，但注意力还是被隔壁房间的噪声给分散了。选项B符合题意。

7.单选题

Rachelwasthe（

）choiceforthejobthankstohercommunicationskills

问题1选项

A.unanimous

B.genuine

C.harmonious

D.agreeable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。unanimous“意见一致的；无异议的”；genuine“真实的；诚恳的”；harmonious“和谐的；协调的”；agreeable“令人愉快的；合适的”。句意：蕾切尔因为出色的交流技能成为这份工作无异议的人选。选项A符合题意。

8.单选题

Youarenow（）thebenefitofyourformerthrift.

问题1选项

A.reaping

B.drawing

C.enjoying

D.gaining

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定短语搭配。A选项reaping“收获，获得；收割”；B选项drawing“画；拉；吸引”；C选项enjoying“欣赏，享受；喜爱；使过得快活”；D选项gaining“增加；利润；收获；获得；赚到”。根据固定搭配gainthebenefit“得到益处/好处”可知该题选gaining。句意：你现在正受益于你以前的节俭。因此D选项正确。

9.单选题

Notuntilthelatenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturies（）asaunifiedscience.

问题1选项

A.didecologyemerge

B.whenecologyemerged

C.ecologyemerged

D.whendidecologyemerge

【答案】A

【解析】考查倒装结构。当notuntil放句首时，句子要部分倒装。故A项正确。句意：直到19世纪末20世纪初，生态学才作为统一的科学出现。

10.单选题

AconsiderablepartofFacebook’sappealstemsfromitsmiraculousfusionofdistancewithintimacy,ortheillusionofdistancewiththeillusionofintimacy.Ouronlinecommunitiesbecomeenginesofself-image,andself-imagebecomestheengineofcommunity.TherealdangerwithFacebookisnotthatitallowsustoisolateourselves,butthatbymixingourappetiteforisolationwithourvanity,itthreatenstoaltertheverynatureofsolitude.ThenewisolationisnotofthekindthatAmericansonceidealized,thelonesomenessoftheproudlynonconformist,independent-minded,solitarystoic,orthatoftheastronautwhoblastsintonewworlds.Facebook’sisolationisagrind.What’strulystaggeringaboutFacebookusageisnotitsvolume—750millionphotographsuploadedoverasingleweekend—buttheconstancyoftheperformanceitdemands.Morethanhalfitsusers—andoneofevery13peopleonEarthisaFacebookuser—logoneveryday.Among18-to-34-year-olds,nearlyhalfcheckFacebookminutesafterwakingup,and28percentdosobeforegettingoutofbed.Therelentlessnessiswhatissonew,sopotentiallytransformative.Facebooknevertakesabreak.Wenevertakeabreak.Humanbeingshavealwayscreatedelaborateactsofself-presentation.Butnotallthetime,noteverymorning,beforeweevenpouracupofcoffee.

Nostalgiaforthegoodolddaysofdisconnectionwouldnotjustbepointless,itwouldbehypocriticalandungrateful.Buttheverymagicofthenewmachines,theefficiencyandelegancewithwhichtheyserveus,obscureswhatisn’tbeingserved:everythingthatmatters.WhatFacebookhasrevealedabouthumannature—andthisisnotaminorrevelation—isthataconnectionisnotthesamethingasabond,andthatinstantandtotalconnectionisnosalvation,notickettoahappier,betterworldoramoreliberatedversionofhumanity.Solitudeusedtobegoodforself-reflectionandself-reinvention.Butnowwearelefttalkingaboutwhoweareallthetime,withouteverreallythinkingaboutwhoweare.Facebookdeniesusapleasurewhoseprofunditywehadunderestimated:thechancetoforgetaboutourselvesforawhile,thechancetodisconnect.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsregardingthepowerofFacebookcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

2.hichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheundersideofFacebookissupportedbythe

informationcontainedinthispassage?

3.Whichofthefollowingbeststates“thenewisolation”mentionedbytheauthor?

4.Whichofthefollowingbelongstothecategoryof“everythingthatmatters”accordingtothepassage?

5.WhichofthefollowingconclusionsaboutFacebookdoestheauthorwantustodraw?

问题1选项

A.Itcreatestheisolationpeoplewant.

B.Itdeliversamorefriendlyworld.

C.Itproducesintimacypeoplelackintherealworld.

D.Itenablesustobesocialwhileavoidingthemessofhumaninteraction.

问题2选项

A.Itimprisonspeopleinthebusinessofself-presentation.

B.Itcausessocialdisintegration.

C.Itmakespeoplevainer.

D.Itmakespeoplelonelier.

问题3选项

A.Itisfullofthespiritofadventure.

B.Itistheextensionofindividualism.

C.Ithasatouchofnarcissism.

D.Itevolvesfromtheappetiteforindependence.

问题4选项

A.Constantconnection.

B.Instantcommunication.

C.Smoothsociability.

D.Ahumanbond.

问题5选项

A.Itcreatesfriendship.

B.Itdeniesusthepleasureofsocializing.

C.Itopensanewworldforus.

D.Itdrawsusintoaparadox.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节推理题。题干：从这篇文章中，我们可以推断出以下哪个关于Facebook力量的陈述？根据第一段第三句“butthatbymixingourappetiteforisolationwithourvanity”可知Facebook给予了人们想要的孤独，同时又满足了人们自恋的心理。选项A符合题意。

2.细节推理题。题干：以下哪一项关于Facebook的负面陈述得到了这篇文章所包含信息的支持？根据第一段第三句“butthatbymixingourappetiteforisolationwithourvanity”以及最后两句“Humanbeingshavealwayscreatedelaborateactsofself-presentation.Butnotallthetime,noteverymorning”可知Facebook让人们变得越来越虚荣，时刻想着去展示自己。原文中的vanity与选项C中的vanier是同根词。因此选型C符合题意。

3.细节推理题。题干：作者提到的“新孤立”，以下哪一种表述最好？由题干中关键词“thenewisolation”定位到第一段第四句。前文中提到“…itthreatenstoaltertheverynatureofsolitude”，加上第一段最后两句“Humanbeingshavealwayscreatedelaborateactsofself-presentation.Butnotallthetime,noteverymorning”，可知Facebook改变了孤独的本质，人们时时刻刻想着在Facebook上展现自我（自恋）。因此选项C符合题意。

4.细节推理题。题干：根据短文，下列哪一项属于“每一样重要的东西”范畴？由题干中关键词“eveverythingthatmatters”定位到第二段第二句。由第二段第三句中“…isthatconnetionisnotthtesamethingasabond,andthatinstantandtotalconnectionisnosalvation,notickettoahappier,betterworldprmoreliberatedversionofhumanity”可知instantandtotalconnections与abond不同，是不太重要的东西。由此可推出ahumanbond是重要的东西。因此选项D符合题意。

5.细节推理题。题干：关于Facebook，作者希望我们得出以下哪一结论？根据第二段最后一句“Facebookdeniesusapleasurewhoseprofunditywehadunderestimated:thechancetoforgetaboutourselvesforawhile,thechancetodisconnect”，作者认为Facebook夺走了我们的快乐，而我们低估了这种快乐的深奥之处。因此选项B符合题意。

11.写作题

Therearealotofchoicesyouhavetomakeinyourlifeandsomeeventsorchangesthathaveoccurredbecauseofthem.Inthefollowingyouarerequestedtowriteacompositionaboutoneofthechoicesyouhavemade.Describehowyourlifechangedbecauseofthechoiceandthendescribehowitmighthavebeenormightbeifyouhavedonethingsdifferently.Youressayshouldbeabout400words.ThesuggestedtitleisATurningPointinMyLife.

Inthefirstpartofyourwritingyoushouldstateclearlyyourmainidea,andinthesecondpartyoushouldsupportthemainideawithappropriatedetails.Inthelastpartyoushouldbringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionorasummary.

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.

【答案】【略】

12.单选题

Theattorneywantedto（

）theprocess,asherclientwasbecomingimpatient.

问题1选项

A.expedite

B.evaluate

C.reverse

D.justify

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。expedite“加快进展，迅速完成”；evaluate“评价，估价”;reverse“颠倒，掉换”；justify“为…辩护，对…做出解释”；根据句意‘律师想（

）进度，因为她的客户变得不耐烦了。’确定A选项“加快进展，迅速完成”符合题意。

13.单选题

Sincethelate1970’s，inthefaceofaseverelossofmarketshareindozensofindustries,manufacturersintheUnitedStateshavebeentryingtoimproveproductivity—andthereforeenhancetheirinternationalcompetitivenessthroughcost-cuttingprograms.(Cost-cuttinghereisdefinedasraisinglaboroutputwhileholdingtheamountoflaborconstant.)However,from1978through1982,productivity——thevalueofgoodsmanufactureddividedbytheamountoflaborinput——didnotimprove;andwhiletheresultwerebetterinthebusinessupturnofthethreeyearsfollowing,theyran25percentlowerthanproductivityimprovementsduringearlier,post-1945upturns.Atthesametime,itbecameclearthatthehardermanufacturesworkedtoimplementcost-cuttingthemoretheylosttheircompetitiveedge.

Withthisparadoxinmind,Irecentlyvisited25companies.Itbecamecleartomethatthecost-cuttingapproachtoincreasingproductivityisfundamentallyflawed.Manufacturingregularlyobservesa“40,40,20”rule.Roughly40percentofanymanufacturing-basedcompetitiveadvantagederivesfromlong-termchangesinmanufacturingstructure(decisionsaboutthemember,size,location,andcapacityoffacilities)andinapproachestomaterials.Another40percentcomesfrommajorchangesinequipmentandprocesstechnology.Thefinal20percentrestsonimplementingconventionalcost-cutting.Thisruledoesnotimplythatcost-cuttingshouldnotbetried.Thewell-knowntoolsofthisapproachincludingsimplifyingjobsandretrainingemployeestoworksmarter,notharder——doproduceresults.Butthetoolsquicklyreachthelimitsofwhattheycancontribute.

Anotherproblemisthatthecost-cuttingapproachhindersinnovationanddiscouragescreativepeople.AsAbernathy’sstudyofautomobilemanufacturershasshown,anindustrycaneasilybecomeprisonerofitsowninvestmentsincost-cuttingtechniques,reducingitsabilitytodevelopnewproducts.

EverycompanyIknowthathasfreeditselffromtheparadoxhasdoneso,inpart,bydevelopingandimplementingamanufacturingstrategy.Suchastrategyfocusesonthemanufactureandonequipmentandprocesstechnology.Inonecompanyamanufacturingstrategythatalloweddifferentareasofthefactorytospecializeindifferentmarketsreplacedtheconventionalcost-cuttingapproach,withinthreeyearsthecompanyregaineditscompetitiveadvantage.Togetherwithsuchstrategies,successfulcompaniesarealsoencouragingmanagerstofocusonawidersetofobjectivesbesidescuttingcost.Thereishopeformanufacturing,butitclearlyrestsonadifferentwayofmanaging.

1.Theauthorofthepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（

）.

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthemanufacturersmentionedinPara1expectedthatthemeasurestheyimplementedwould（

）.

3.TheprimaryfunctionoftheFirstParagraphisto（

）.

4.TheauthorreferstoAbernathy’sstudymostprobablyinorderto（

）.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardthecultureinmostfactoriesisbestdescribedas（

）.

问题1选项

A.summarizingathesis

B.recommendingadifferentapproach

C.comparingpointsofview

D.makingaseriesofpredictions

问题2选项

A.encourageinnovation

B.keeplaboroutputconstant

C.increasetheircompetitiveadvantage

D.causemanagerstofocusonawidersetofobjectives

问题3选项

A.outlineinbrieftheauthor’sargument

B.anticipatechallengestotheprescriptionsthatfollow

C.clarifysomedisputeddefinitionsofeconomicterms

D.presentahistoricalcontextfortheauthor’sobservations

问题4选项

A.qualifyanobservationaboutonemethodrulegoverningmanufacturing

B.supportanearlierassertionaboutonemethodofincreasingproductivity

C.suggestthecentralityintheUnitedStateseconomyofaparticularmanufacturingindustry

D.giveanexampleofresearchthathasquestionedthewisdomofrevisingamanufacturingstrategy

问题5选项

A.Critical

B.Disinterested

C.Respectful

D.Adulatory

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.主旨大意题。题干询问‘这篇文章的作者主要关心的是…’文章一开始作者提出随着市场份额丢失，很多企业开始采用削减成本的策略；随后从几个方面指出这种策略的缺陷处；最后，作者提出了一种新的策略并证明它是行之有效的；根据这样的文章结构确定B选项“推荐一种不同的方法”正确。A选项“总结一个论点”，C选项“对不同的观点进行比较”和D选项“做出一系列的预测”都不能准确表达作者写作意图。

2.推理判断题。题干询问‘从文章中可以推断，第1段中提到的制造商期望他们所采取的措施将会…’从文章推断第一段中提到的生产商期望他们实施的策略能够怎样？根据文章第一段第一句“manufacturersintheUnitedStateshavebeentryingtoimproveproductivity——andthereforeenhancetheirinternationalcompetitiveness——throughcost-cuttingprograms.美国的制造商一直试图通过削减成本来提高生产率，从而增强其国际竞争力。”确定C选项“增加他们的竞争优势”正确可知生产商们是想要增强竞争力的，故答案选项为C。

3.推理判断题。题干询问‘第一段的主要作用是…’文章第一段主要描述了20世纪70年代美国企业中的削减成本策略后出现的情况，所以D选项“介绍作者观察结果出现的历史背景”正确。

4.推理判断题。题干询问‘作者引用艾伯纳西的研究最有可能是为了…’根据文章第三段第二句‘AsAbernathy’sstudyofautomobilemanufacturershasshown,anindustrycaneasilybecomeprisonerofitsowninvestmentsincost-cuttingtechniques,reducingitsabilitytodevelopnewproducts.正如Abernathy对汽车制造商的研究表明，一个行业很容易成为自己在削减成本技术上投资的囚徒，从而降低了开发新产品的能力。’可以确定艾伯纳西的研究是为了证明前一句话‘Anotherproblemisthatthecost-cuttingapproachhindersinnovationanddiscouragescreativepeople.另一个问题是，削减成本的做法阻碍了创新，阻碍了有创造力的人。’所以B选项“支持前期有关一个提高生产率的方法的论断”正确。

5.观点态度题。题干询问‘作者对大多数工厂文化的态度可以用哪个词来描述？’文章一开始作者提出随着市场份额丢失，很多企业开始采用削减成本的策略；随后从几个方面指出这种策略的缺陷处；最后，作者提出了一种新的策略并证明它是行之有效的；所以B选项“无私的，公正的”正确。

14.单选题

Alltherows,alltheethicalproblemsandallthemoneyspentinpursuingthehumancodeforlifewillhavebeenwellworthitifitfulfilsevensomeofitsmedicalpromise.

Thepotentialprizescertainlyglitter.Inthefarfuture,itmaybepossibletopreventgeneticdiseasesfrombeinginheritedbycuttingthemoutofthegenepoolonceandforall,so-calledgeneengineering.Atthenearerendofthetimescale,genetictestsareallowingpeopletochoosesuitabletherapiesandlifestylestobeatdisease.Andinbetween,liefurthertantalizingprospects:thousandsofnewdrugsforpreviouslyuntreatablediseases;drugstailoredtoindividuals,sowithfarfewersideeffects,theabilitytoreplacefaultygenes,short-circuitingdiseasesatsource.

Buttheworkofturningthebasepairdataintothegoldofnewtreatmentshasalreadybegun,accordingtoDr.FrancisCollins,headoftheUSNationalHumanGenomeResearchinstitute.Ikeepatallyofthegenesthatareresponsibleforhumandiseasesthatareidentifiedoverthecourseofyear.Inagoodyear,intimesgoneby,theremighthavebeentwoorthree.Lastyear,therehavebeen29discovered.

Privatecompanieshavealsocombedthedatatofindgenesthatplayrolesindiabetes,asthma,psoriasisandmigraines.ThemostextremesuggesteduseforthehumangenomedataiseditingtheDNAinheritancepasseddownfromonegenerationtothenext.Suchascenarioinvolvesidentifyinganabnormalgeneandthencorrectingitinthecellswhichareusedtopassgeneticinformationtooffspring.Nosubsequentgenerationwouldthenbeaffectedbytheirancestors’genedefect.However,suchirreversibleinterventiongenerationwouldthenbeaffectedbytheirancestors’genedefect.However,suchirreversibleinterventionwiththecodeforlifewillonlybeallowedaftermajorethicalreservationsandsafetyconcernsoverpossibleunexpectedresultsofthechangesareaddressed.

Thereislittledoubtthattherevelationofhumangenomewillbenefithealthcareintheshortandlongterm.Butmanyofthetreatmentswillbeexpensiveandwilldonothingtoavoidthedamagecausedbyviralandbacterialdiseases.IthasbeensuggestedthatabravenewworldawaitsusinwhichallailmentscanbemonitoredfromadailymouthswabinsertedintoaDNAreaderinourbathroomcabinets.ButDr.IanPurvissays,“Itcouldbethatlike,alongtimeinthefuture,butthatisbasedontheratherarrogantviewhumanityhasthatitwillunderstandeverythingwefind—andweneverhaveinthepast.”

1.Bysayingthatthe“potentialprizescertainlyglitter”,theauthormeansthat______.

2.Thechiefpurposeofgeneengineeringisto______.

3.Fromthefirstsentenceofthethirdparagraphwelearnthat______.

4.Theauthorwarnsthatintryingtoalterhumangenes,specialattentionshouldbepaidto______.

5.AccordingtoDr.Purvis,humanbeings______.

问题1选项

A.pursuingthehumancodeforlifecertainlyprovokesmuchdebate

B.geneengineeringfailstofulfilsomeofitsmedicalpromises

C.geneengineeringwillcertainlyprovetobeafruitfulresearch

D.potentialprizesforgeneresearchhaveactuallyprovedtobesmall

问题2选项

A.developdrugssuitedtoeachindividualwithfewersideeffects

B.preventfaultygenesfrompassingontothenextgeneration

C.developdrugsforpreviouslyuntreatablediseases

D.workoutthebesttherapyfortheterminallyill

问题3选项

A.actualworkongeneengineeringhasbeenunderway

B.gettingawaywithfaultygeneshasprovedtobeatoughtask

C.theprospectoffindingthenewtreatmentsseemsbright

D.researchershavebeguntocollectthehumangenomedata

问题4选项

A.ethicalproblemsinvolved

B.abnormalgenestobealtered

C.thecodeoflifetobesearchedfor

D.protectinghealthygenes

问题5选项

A.aremorearrogantthanwewereinthepast

B.willbeabletomonitorallailmentsinthenearfuture

C.understandourpastbetterthanwedoourfuture

D.maynotunderstandeverythingwediscovered

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.语义推测题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“Thepotentialprizescertainlyglitter.Inthefarfuture,itmaybepossibletopreventgeneticdiseasesfrombeinginheritedbycuttingthemoutofthegenepoolonceandforall,so-calledgeneengineering.Atthenearerendofthetimescale,genetictestsareallowingpeopletochoosesuitabletherapiesandlifestylestobeatdisease.Andinbetween,liefurthertantalizingprospects:thousandsofnewdrugsforpreviouslyuntreatablediseases;drugstailoredtoindividuals,sowithfarfewersideeffects,theabilitytoreplacefaultygenes,short-circuitingdiseasesatsource.（潜在的奖励肯定是闪闪发光的。在遥远的将来，通过将遗传疾病一劳永逸地从基因库中剔除，也就是所谓的基因工程，就有可能防止遗传疾病。随着时间的推移，基因测试使人们能够选择合适的治疗方法和生活方式来战胜疾病。在这两者之间，还有更诱人的前景：数以千计的新药可以治疗以前无法治疗的疾病；为个人量身定制的药物，副作用少得多，能够替换有缺陷的基因，从源头上消除疾病。）”，由此可知题干中potentialprizescertainlyglitter的意思是真正的工程必将被证明是一项富有成效的研究，即它可以治疗遗传疾病，所以C选项“真正的工程必将被证明是一项富有成效的研究”符合题意。A选项“追寻人类的生命密码肯定会引发很多争论”；B选项“真正的工程没有履行一些医疗承诺”以及D选项“基因研究的潜在回报实际上被证明是很小的”文章都没有提及，因此C选项正确。

2.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“Inthefarfuture,itmaybepossibletopreventgeneticdiseasesfrombeinginheritedbycuttingthemoutofthegenepoolonceandforall,so-calledgenuineengineering.（在遥远的将来，通