考研考博-英语-四川外国语大学重庆南方翻译学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川外国语大学重庆南方翻译学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.填空题

Don'ttrytousethatprinter.It'sbeenoutof（

）forages.Idon’tknowwhytheystillhaven’trepairedit.

【答案】order

【解析】固定搭配。outoforder发生故障。

2.单选题

Inordertosurvivenowand（）inthefuture,alltheworkingstaffmustconstantlycreatenewideasforeveryaspectofyourbusiness.

问题1选项

A.maximize

B.thrive

C.erect

D.recruit

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项maximize“最大化，极大”；B选项thrive“繁荣，兴旺，茁壮成长”；C选项erect“竖立，建造，创立”；D选项recruit“征募，聘用”。句意：为了现在的生存和未来的繁荣，所有的员工必须不断地为企业的各个方面创造新的想法。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。

3.单选题

TheadvertisementforSuperSudsdetergent（

）thatthesalehasincreasedby25%inthefirstquarteroftheyear.

问题1选项

A.havebeensosuccessful

B.hadbeensosuccessful

C.hasbeensosuccessful

D.willbesosuccessful

【答案】C

【解析】本句主语为advertisement，所以谓语动词为单数。句子是一般现在时，填空处时态应与后面保持一致，所以选项C正确。

4.单选题

Ofthegreatvarietyofopinionsconcerning“marriageformoney”，thefollowingthreeareimportantwithreferencetothedevelopmentoftheimportanceofmoney.Marriagesbasedexclusivelyuponeconomicmotiveshavenotonlyexistedinallperiodsandatallstagesofdevelopment,butareparticularlycommonamongprimitivegroupsandconditionswheretheydonotcauseanyoffenceatall.Thedisparagementofpersonaldignitythatnowadaysarisesineverymarriagethatisnotbasedonpersonalaffection―sothatasenseofdecencyrequirestheconcealmentofeconomicmotives—doesnotexistinsimplercultures.Thereasonforthisdevelopmentisthatincreasingindividualizationmakesitincreasinglycontradictoryanddiscreditabletoenterintopurelyindividualrelationshipsforotherthanpurelyindividualreasons.

Fornowadaysthechoiceofapartnerinmarriageisnolongerdeterminedbysocialmotives(thoughregardfortheoffspringmaybeconsideredtobesuchamotive),insofarassocietydoesnotinsistuponthecouple’sequalsocialstatus―acondition,however,thatprovidesagreatdealoflatitudeandonlyrarelyleadstoconflictsbetweenindividualandsocialinterests.Inaquiteundifferentiatedsocietyitmayberelativelyirrelevantwhomarrieswhom,irrelevantnotonlyforthemutualrelationshipofthecouplebutalsofortheoffspring.Thisisbecausewheretheconstitutions,stateofhealth,temperament,internalandexternalformsoflifeandorientationsarelargelythesamewithinthegroup,thechancethatthechildrenwillturnoutwelldependslessuponwhethertheparentsagreeandcomplementeachotherthanitdoesinhighlydifferentiatedsociety.Itthereforeseemsquitenaturalandexpedientthatthechoiceofthepartnershouldbedeterminedbyreasonsotherthanpurelyindividualaffection.Yetpersonalattractionshouldbedecisiveinahighlyindividualizedsocietywhereaharmoniousrelationshipbetweentwoindividualsbecomesincreasinglyrare.

Thedecliningfrequencyofmarriagewhichistobefoundeverywhereinhighlycivilizedculturalcircumstancesisundoubtedlydue,inpart,tothefactthathighlydifferentiatedpeopleingeneralhavedifficultyinfindingacompletelysympatheticcomplementtothemselves.Yetwedonotpossessanyothercriterionandindicationfortheadvisabilityofmarriageexceptmutualinstinctiveattraction.But,happinessisapurelypersonalmatter,decideduponentirelybythecouplethemselves,andtherewouldbenocompellingreasonfortheofficialinsistenceonatleastpretendinglovemaybemisleading—particularlyinthehigherstrata,whosecomplicatedcircumstancesoftenretardthegrowthofthepurestinstincts—nomatterhowmuchotherconditionsmayaffectthefinalresults,itremainstruethat,withreferencetoprocreation,loveisdecidedlysuperiortomoneyasafactorselection.Infact,inthisrespect,itistheonlyrightandproperthing.

Marriageformoneydirectlycreatesasituationofpanmixia—theindiscriminatepairingregardlessofindividualqualities―aconditionthatbiologyhasdemonstratedtobethecauseofthemostdirectanddetrimentaldegenerationofthehumanspecies.Inthecaseofmarriageformoney,theunionofacoupleisdeterminedbyafactorthathasabsolutelynothingtodowithracialappropriateness—justastheregardformoneyoftenenoughkeepsapartacouplewhoreallybelongtogether—anditshouldbeconsideredasafactorindegenerationtothesameextenttowhichtheundoubteddifferentiationofindividualsmakesselectionbypersonalattractionmoreandmoreimportant.Thiscasetooillustratesoncemorethattheincreasingindividualizationwithinsocietyrendersmoneyincreasinglyunsuitableasamediatorofpurelyindividualrelationships.

1.Accordingtothetext,whatissaidtoinfluencematrimonialcompatibilityandstabilityinsimplercultures?

2.Marriagesmotivatedbymonetaryaspirationsaremorelikelynottobecamouflagedinwhatstrataofsociety?

3.Themarriagerateissaidtobedecreasingbecause（

）.

4.Howisthequestionofraceinrelationtomarriagesimilartothequestionofmoney?

5.Panmixiaissaidto（

）.

问题1选项

A.Personaldignity

B.Economicdecline

C.Monetaryconsiderations

D.Financialgrowth

问题2选项

A.Upper

B.Middle

C.Lower

D.Lowest

问题3选项

A.wedemandtoomuchofourpartners

B.partnersdon’tgivecompliments

C.peoplearetoodifferentiatedsocially

D.theeconomicdisparityinmanyregionsisgrowing

问题4选项

A.Theyfuelmutualinstinctualattraction.

B.Theyinspireindividualresponsibilities.

C.Theydeflectsuperficialrelationships.

D.Theyprohibitsuitablemarriages.

问题5选项

A.aidtheselectionprocess

B.complementindividualization

C.inspirepositiveresults

D.setupbiologicaldecline

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.推理判断题。由文章第一段中的Marriagesbasedexclusivelyuponeconomicmotiveshavenotonlyexistedinallperiodsandatallstagesofdevelopment,butareparticularlycommonamongprimitivegroupsandconditionswheretheydonotcauseanyoffenceatall.（完全基于经济动机的婚姻不仅存在于所有时期和发展的所有阶段，而且在原始群体和根本不构成犯罪的条件下尤其普遍）可知经济因素影响婚姻的兼容性和稳定性，因此C选项“货币因素”符合题意。

2.推理判断题。由文章第三段中的andtherewouldbenocompellingreasonfortheofficialinsistenceonatleastpretendinglovemaybemisleading—particularlyinthehigherstrata,whosecomplicatedcircumstancesoftenretardthegrowthofthepurestinstincts（官方坚持至少假装爱可能会误导人，这是没有说服力的理由的——尤其是在高层，他们复杂的环境常常阻碍最纯粹本能的发展）可推测以金钱愿望为动机的婚姻在社会的高层，更可能伪装，相反，在社会的最低层，最不可能伪装，因此选D。

3.推理判断题。由文章第三段中的Thedecliningfrequencyofmarriagewhichistobefoundeverywhereinhighlycivilizedculturalcircumstancesisundoubtedlydue,inpart,tothefactthathighlydifferentiatedpeopleingeneralhavedifficultyinfindingacompletelysympatheticcomplementtothemselves.（在高度文明的文化环境中随处可见的结婚率下降的部分原因是，高度分化的人很难找到一个完全与符合自己的互补）可知结婚率下降的部分原因是很难找到与自己互补的人，说明人们之间的差异大，因此C选项“人们在社会上的差异太大”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。由文章最后一段中的Inthecaseofmarriageformoney,theunionofacoupleisdeterminedbyafactorthathasabsolutelynothingtodowithracialappropriateness—justastheregardformoneyoftenenoughkeepsapartacouplewhoreallybelongtogether（在为钱而结婚的情况下，一对夫妇的结合是由一个与种族适当性完全无关的因素决定的，就像对金钱的重视常常会使真正属于一对夫妇的人分开一样）可知D选项“他们阻止合适的婚姻”符合题意。

5.细节事实题。由文章最后一段中的Marriageformoneydirectlycreatesasituationofpanmixia—theindiscriminatepairingregardlessofindividualqualities―aconditionthatbiologyhasdemonstratedtobethecauseofthemostdirectanddetrimentaldegenerationofthehumanspecies.（为钱而结婚直接造成了一种无差别的情况——不分个人素质的不分青红皂白的配对——生物学已经证明，这种情况是导致人类物种最直接和最有害的退化的原因）可知D选项“引发生物衰退”符合题意。

5.单选题

Wecontinuetosharewithourremotestancestorsthemosttangledandevasiveattitudesaboutdeathdespitethegreatdistancewehavecometounderstandsomeoftheprofoundaspectsofbiology.Wehaveasmuchdistastefortalkingaboutpersonaldeathasforthinkingaboutit,itisanindelicacyliketalkinginmixedcompanyaboutvenerealdiseaseorabortionintheolddays.Deathonagrandscaledoesnotbotherusinthesamespecialway:wecansitaroundadinnertableanddiscusswar,involving60millionvolatilizedhumandeaths,asthoughweweretalkingaboutbadweather,wecanwatchabruptbloodydeatheveryday,incolor,onfilmsandtelevision,withoutblinkingbackatear.Itiswhenthennumbersofdeadareverysmall,andveryclosethatwebegintothinkinscurryingcircles.Attheverycenteroftheproblemisthenakedcolddeadnessofone’sownself,theonlyrealityinnatureofwhichwecanhaveabsolutecertainty,anditisunmentionable,unthinkable.Wemaybeevenlesswillingtofacetheissueatfirsthandthanourpredecessorsbecauseofasecretnewhopethatmaybeitwillgoaway.Weliketothink,hidingthethought,thatwithallthemarvelouswaysinwhichweseemnowtoleadnaturearoundbythenose,perhapswecanavoidthecentralproblemifwejustbecome,nextyear,say,abitsmarter.

1.Accordingtothepassage,wedobetterthanourremotestancestorsbecause（

）.

2.Whenwetalkatthedinnertableaboutawarinwhichmanypeoplelosttheirlives,weareliabletoshowour（

）.

3.Fromthepassage,weknowthatapersonbecomesupsetaboutdeathwhen（

）.

4.Accordingtopassage,theonlyrealityweknowforsureis（

）.

5.Thelastsentenceofthepassagesuggestspeopledeceivethemselvesbythethoughtthat（

）

问题1选项

A.ourattitudeaboutdeathismoredirectandscientific

B.wehaveadeeperunderstandingofbiology

C.wecancalmlytalkaboutdeath

D.wecantalkfreelyatdinnertable

问题2选项

A.indignation

B.sympathy

C.indifference

D.superstition

问题3选项

A.heseesdeathonfilmsandtelevision

B.herealizesthatmanispowerlessbeforenature

C.helosesoneofhisrelativesorintimatefriends

D.hewitnessesdeathonagrandscale

问题4选项

A.wearemortalbeings

B.scienceenablesustoprolongourlives

C.weallsharesomeinnerapathytowardsothers

D.wearelessevasiveaboutdeaththanourpredecessors

问题5选项

A.wearemoreintelligentthanourancestors

B.wecanleadnaturearoundbythenose

C.wecanbecomesmartenoughtoputdeathoff

D.wecanavoidwarinthefuture

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.根据文章第一句Wecontinuetosharewithourremotestancestorsthemosttangledandevasiveattitudesaboutdeathdespitethegreatdistancewehavecometounderstandsomeoftheprofoundaspectsofbiology.我们继续与我们最遥远的祖先分享对死亡最纠结和逃避的态度，尽管我们已经了解了生物学的一些深刻方面。确定B选项‘我们对生物学有更深的理解‘正确。A选项‘我们对死亡的态度更直接更科学’、C选项‘我们可以平静地谈论死亡’、D选项‘我们可以在饭桌前自由谈论’不符合原文。

2.根据这一句话wecansitaroundadinnertableanddiscusswar,involving60millionvolatilizedhumandeaths,asthoughweweretalkingaboutbadweather,wecanwatchabruptbloodydeatheveryday,incolor,onfilmsandtelevision,withoutblinkingbackatear.我们可以围坐在餐桌旁讨论战争，涉及6000万人的死亡，就像我们在谈论恶劣的天气一样，我们可以每天在电影和电视上看到突然的血腥死亡，而且是彩色的，不眨一下眼泪。确定C选项‘冷漠，漠不关心’正确。

3.根据文章的thennumbersofdeadareverysmall大数量的死亡是很少的。Attheverycenteroftheproblemisthenakedcolddeadnessofone’sownself：核心的问题是某人会独自孤独地死去。由确定C选项‘他失去他的某位亲戚或亲密朋友’符合题意。

4.根据文章这一句话theonlyrealityinnatureofwhichwecanhaveabsolutecertainty,anditisunmentionable,unthinkable：这是我们唯一可以肯定的客观事实，并且是难以启齿的，不能想象的。确定A选项‘我们都终有一死‘正确。B选项‘科学能延长我们的生命‘文章没有提及。C选项’我们应当与他人分享自己内心的冷漠‘和D选项’我们比我们的袓先更无法逃避死亡‘不符合题意。

5.根据文章最后一句话Weliketothink,hidingthethought,thatwithallthemarvelouswaysinwhichweseemnowtoleadnaturearoundbythenose,perhapswecanavoidthecentralproblemifwejustbecome,nextyear,say,abitsmarter.我们喜欢思考，隐藏思想。现在我们用尽各种方法，似乎是我们牵着大自然的鼻子走。如果我们变得更聪明些，或许能够避免核心的问题。可以确定C选项‘我们足够聪明可以推迟死亡‘符合题意。

6.单选题

（）mainlyfortheinventionofthetelephone,AlexanderGrahamBelldevotedhislifetohelpingthedeaf.

问题1选项

A.Heisremembered

B.Whilebeingremembered

C.Toberemembered

D.Thoughremembered

【答案】D

【解析】考查让步状语从句。后面的句子完整,

但是没有连词连接,

由此可知前面应该为独立主格结构,

所以首先排除选项A。根据句意：虽然人们记得亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔主要是由于电话的发明,

但实际上他一生都致力于帮助失聪者。前后有转折的关系,

所以用连词though更适合。

7.单选题

TherewasonethingthatshockedmeabouttheQueenwhenhewalkedintotheroomwithMrs.Obama,namelyherheight;theBritishmonarchisonly163cmtall,muchshorterthanIhadimagined.

问题1选项

A.shockedmeabout

B.whenhewalkedintothe

C.namely

D.hadimagined.

E.没有问题

【答案】B

【解析】人称代词误用。he改为she。句中queen（女王）指的是女性。

8.单选题

BythetimeyouarriveinLondon,we______inEuropefortwoweeks.

问题1选项

A.shallstay

B.havestayed

C.willhavestayed

D.havebeenstaying

【答案】C

【解析】考查时态。句意：等你到达伦敦的时候，我们已经在欧洲待两个星期了。将来完成时是用在表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作；其结构为主语+shall/willhavebeen+表语。根据语境，动作在将来某一时间前已经完成，C选项willhavestayed符合题意。因此C选项正确。

9.单选题

Nohumanbeingis（

），butAlistairAldingtonmadeveryfewmistakes.

问题1选项

A.fallacious

B.false

C.plausible

D.infallible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。fallacious意为“(思想、论据、道理)谬误的，错误的”；false意为“错误的；不正确的，伪造的”；plausible意为“(借口或解释)有道理的，花言巧语的”；infallible意为“永无过失的，一贯正确的，绝对可靠的”。由句中的but可知前后为转折关系，因此选D。

句意：没有人是永不犯错的，但AlistairAldington很少犯错误。

10.单选题

Asitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty,we（

）soformally.

问题1选项

A.needn'tdressup

B.didnotneedhavedressedup

C.didnotneeddressup

D.needn'thavedressedup

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。needn’thavedone意为“不必做的事而做了”。

句意：原来只是一个小型家庭聚会，我们没必要打扮得这么正式。

11.单选题

Ifthedisputeisnotsettledina(n)_______waysoon,thetwocountrieswillcertainlygotowar.

问题1选项

A.amiable

B.amicable

C.inimical

D.unfriendly

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项amiable“亲切友好的”；B选项amicable“心平气和的”；C选项inimical“对……有害的；敌意的”；D选项unfriendly“不友好的”。句意：如果争端不尽快以_______的方式解决，这两个国家肯定会开战。根据语境，这里指如果没有妥善解决这个问题，就会引发战争，amicable“心平气和的”方式放在这里比较合适。因此B选项正确。

12.单选题

Fortune-tellersaregoodatmaking___statementssuchas“Yoursorrowswillchange”.

问题1选项

A.philosophical

B.ambiguous

C.literal

D.invalid

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项philosophical“哲学的（等于philosophic）；冷静的”；B选项ambiguous“模糊不清的，模棱两可的；不明确的，不明朗的；引起歧义的”；C选项literal“文字的；逐字的；无夸张的”；D选项invalid“无效的；有病的；残疾的”。句意：算命的人擅长说一些模棱两可的话，比如“你的悲伤会变的”。根据句意，B选项正确。

13.单选题

Manyoftheformerassociates____himwhenitbecameknownhowhehadabusedhispositionoftrust.

问题1选项

A.turnedagainst

B.heldup

C.convincedof

D.wenton

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.turnedagainst反对；背叛；采取敌对态度B.heldup举起；阻挡

C.convincedof使确信D.wenton继续

【答案】A

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】句意：当他滥用职权的事情被曝光后，很多前同事都……他。根据逻辑，因为他滥用职权，那么他的前同事应该是对他持反对态度的。因此选A。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】当他滥用职权被曝光后，许多前同事都转而反对他。

14.单选题

SigmundFreudlivedmostofhislifeinVienna,Austria.HewastrainedinmedicineandestablishedtheInternationalPsychoanalyticAssociationin1910.Thisexcerptisfromatranslationofa1923work,TheEgoandtheId.

Therearecertainpeoplewhobehaveinaquitepeculiarfashionduringtheworkofanalysis.Whenonespeakshopefullytothemorexpressessatisfactionwiththeprogressofthetreatment,theyshowsignsofdiscontentandtheirconditioninvariablybecomesworse.Onebeginsbyregardingthisasdefianceandasanattempttoprovetheirsuperioritytothephysician,butlateronecomestotakeadeeperandjusterview.Onebecomesconvinced,notonlythatsuchpeoplecannotendureanypraiseorappreciation,butthattheyreactinverselytotheprogressofthetreatment.Everypartialsolutionthatoughttoresult;andinotherpeopledoesresult,inanimprovementoratemporarysuspensionofsymptomsproducesinthemfortheexacerbationoftheirillness;theygetworseduringthetreatmentinsteadofgettingbetter.Theexhibitwhatisknownasa“negativetherapeuticreaction.”

Thereisnodoubtthatthereissomethinginthesepeoplethatsetsitselfagainsttheirrecovery,anditsapproachisdreadedasthoughitwereadanger.Weareaccustomedtosaythattheneedforillnesshasgottheupperhandinthemoverthedesireforrecovery.Ifweanalyzethisresistanceintheusualway—then,evenafterallowancehasbeenmadeforanattitudeofdefiancetowardsthephysicianandforfixationtothevariousformsofgainfromillness,thegreaterpartofitisstillleftover;andthisrevealsitselfasthemostpowerfulofallobstaclestorecovery,morepowerfulthanthefamiliaronesofnarcissisticinaccessibility,anegativeattitudetowardsthephysicianandclingingtothegainfromillness.

Intheend,wecometoseethatwearedealingwithwhatmaybecalleda“moral”factor,asenseofguiltwhichisfindingsatisfactionintheillnessandrefusestogiveupthepunishmentofsuffering.Weshallberightinregardingthisdishearteningexplanationasfinal.Butasfarasthepatientisconcernedthissenseofguiltisdumb;itdoesnottellhimheisguilty;hedoesnotfeelguilty,hefeelsill.Thissenseofguiltexpressesitselfonlyasaresistancetorecoverywhichisextremelydifficulttoovercome.Itisalsoparticulardifficulttoconvincethepatientthatthismotiveliesbehindhiscontinuingtobeill,heholdsfasttothemoreobviousexplanationthattreatmentbyanalysisisnottherightremedyforhiscase.

1.Agoodtitleforthispassagemightbe（

）.

2.FromthepassagewecanlearnthatFreudmeansthatthesepatients

（

）.

3.Freud’sstudyofthissyndromeleadshimtothinkthat

（

）.

4.DoesFreudfeelthatanalysisisnotrightforthepatientshedescribes?

问题1选项

A.AnInverseReactiontoProgress

B.TheNeedforAnalysis

C.GuiltandSuffering

D.IntroductiontoFreud’sIdeas

问题2选项

A.actcontrarytoaphysician’sexpectations

B.getworsewhentheyshouldgetbetter

C.getbetterwhentheyshouldgetworse

D.bothAandB

问题3选项

A.mostpatientsrespondbadlytopraise

B.patientsneedtotrusttheirphysicians

C.patients’guiltmaykeepthemfromgettingwell

D.thepatients’personalemotionsneedtobeanalyzed

问题4选项

A.Yes,hefeelstheyareinlovewiththeirillness.

B.Yes,hefeelsthattheyaretooilltorecover.

C.Yes,hesensesthattheyneedanotherremedy.

D.No,butthepatientsoftenfeelthatway.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

【解析】1.判断推理题。由第一段中Thisexcerptisfromatranslationofa1923work,TheEgoandtheId.“本文节选自1923年的作品《自我与本我》。”与第二段Therearecertainpeoplewhobehaveinaquitepeculiarfashionduringtheworkofanalysis.Whenonespeakshopefullytothemorexpressessatisfactionwiththeprogressofthetreatment,theyshowsignsofdiscontentandtheirconditioninvariablybecomesworse.“在分析工作中，有些人的行为举止相当奇特。当人们满怀希望地与他们交谈，或对治疗的进展表示满意时，他们就会表现出不满的迹象，病情总是会恶化。”可推知D项“对弗洛伊德观点的介绍”正确。其他三项都是文中未提及的内容。

2.判断推理题。定位到第二段中的butthattheyreactinverselytotheprogressofthetreatment.“但是它们对治疗过程的反应是相反的。”和theygetworseduringthetreatmentinsteadofgettingbetter.“他们在治疗过程中病情恶化，而不是好转”。可知A项与B项正确，故答案为D。

3.判断推理题。由最后一段中Weshallberightinregardingthisdishearteningexplanationasfinal.我们将正确地把这个令人沮丧的解释作为最后的解释”。和“Thissenseofguiltexpressesitselfonlyasaresistancetorecoverywhichisextremelydifficulttoovercome.这种内疚感只表现为对恢复的抗拒，而恢复是极其难以克服的”。可知C项正确。

4.细节事实题由最后一段中Itisalsoparticulardifficulttoconvincethepatientthatthismotiveliesbehindhiscontinuingtobeill,heholdsfasttothemoreobviousexplanationthattreatmentbyanalysisisnottherightremedyforhiscase.要让病人相信他继续患病的动机是非常困难的，他坚持更明显的解释，即通过分析治疗并不是对他的病例的正确治疗”。可知D项正确。

15.单选题

Eversincehumanshaveinhabitedtheearth,theyhavemadeuseofvariousformsofcommunication.Generally,theexpressionofthoughtsandfeelingshasbeenintheformoforalspeech.Whenthereisalanguagebarrier,communicationisaccomplishedthroughsignlanguageinwhichmotionsstandforletters,wordsandideas.Tourists,thedeaf,andthemutehavehadtoresorttothisformofexpression.Manyofthesesymbolsofwholewordsareverypicturesqueandexactandcanbeusedinternationally;spelling,however,cannot.

Bodylanguagetransmitsideasorthoughtsbycertainactions,eitherintentionallyorunintentionally.Awinkcanbeawayofflirtingorindicatingthatthepartyisonlyjoking.Anodsignifiesapproval,whileshakingtheheadindicatesanegativereaction.

OtherformsofnonlinguisticlanguagecanbefoundinBraille(asystemofraiseddotsreadwiththefingertips),signalflags,Morsecode,andsmokesignals.Roadmapsandpicturesignsalsoguide,warn,andinstructpeople.

Whileverbalizationisthemostcommonformoflanguage,othersystemsandtechniquesalsoexpresshumanthoughtsandfeeling.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestsummarizesthispassage?

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?

3.Whichformotherthanoralspeechwouldbemostcommonlyusedamongblindpeople?

4.Howmanydifferentformsofcommunicationarementionedhere?

5.Signlanguageissaidtobeverypicturesqueandexactandcanbeusedinternationallyexceptfor（）

问题1选项

A.Whenlanguageisabarrier,peoplewillfindotherformsofcommunication.

B.Everybodyusesonlyoneformofcommunication.

C.Nonlinguisticlanguageisinvaluabletoforeigners.

D.Althoughotherformsofcommunicationexist,verbalizationisthefastest.

问题2选项

A.Therearemanyformsofcommunicationinexistencetoday.

B.Verbalizationisthemostcommonformofcommunication.

C.Thedeafandmuteuseanoralformofcommunication.

D.Ideasandthoughtscanbetransmittedbybodylanguage.

问题3选项

A.picturesigns

B.Braille

C.bodylanguage

D.signalflags

问题4选项

A.5

B.7

C.9

D.11

问题5选项

A.spelling

B.ideas

C.wholewords

D.expressions

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知,本文主要是讲肢体语言。一般来说,思想和感情的表达都是以口头语言的形式进行的。但当有语言障碍时,交流可以通过其他形式完成,比如肢体语言。所以选项A符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据第一段的三四句可知,游客,盲人和聋哑人使用的是signlanguage,而不是oralformofcommunication。所以选项C表述错误。

3.细节事实题。根据原文可知Braille是一种用指尖阅读的凸点系统,即盲文,适合盲人使用。所以选项B正确。

4.细节事实题。文章中提到了oralspeech、signlanguage,bodylanguage、Braille、signalflags,Morsecode、smokesignals、roadmaps、picturesigns这9种交际方式,所以选项C正确。

5.细节事实题。根据第一段的最后一句“Manyofthesesymbolsofwholewordsareverypicturesqueandexactandcanbeusedinternationally;spelling,however,cannot.”这些完整的文字符号中有许多是非常生动和准确的,可以在国际上使用；然而拼写不能。所以本题选A。

16.单选题

Tosaythatasoldierfoughtinbattlelikelionmaybeadescriptive（

）,butitdoesnotmeanthathewasonallfoursroaringandwagginghistail.

问题1选项

A.analogue

B.analogy

C.analytic

D.node

【答案】B

【解析】句意:将一个在战争中的战士说成狮子一样可能是一个不错的比喻，但是这并不意味着他四肢着地摇着尾巴大声咆哮着。

形近词辨析。Analogue类似物，相似物;analogy比喻，相似;analytic分解的;anode阳极。题目中的Tosaythatasoldierfoughtinbattlelikelion这个部分是将战士比喻成狮子。故选B。

17.单选题

Theillegalimmigrantswerecaughtand（

）bythelocalgovernment.

问题1选项

A.relegated

B.banished

C.deported

D.expatriated

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。relegate“降级”；banish“放逐，驱逐”；deport“驱逐出境，放逐”；expatriate“流放，官方法令强迫离开某国或某地”。句意：这些非法移民被抓了，并且被当地政府驱逐出境。此句指的是驱逐出境，故C项正确。

18.单选题

ItiscommonlybelievedintheUnitedStatesthatschooliswherepeoplegotogetaneducation.Nevertheless,ithasbeensaidthattodaychildreninterrupttheireducationtogotoschool.Thedistinctionbetweenschoolingandeducationimpliedbythisremarkisimportant.

Educationismuchmoreopen-endedandall-inclusivethanschooling.Educationknowsnobounds.Itcantakeplaceanywhere,whetherintheshoweroronthejob,whetherinakitchenoronatractor.Itincludesboththeformallearningthattakesplaceinschoolsandthewholeuniverseofinformallearning.Theagentsofeducationcanrangefromareveredg