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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-常州纺织服装职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

ThefoundingofnewChina(

)people’sdesireforindependence.

问题1选项

A.declared

B.implied

C.manifested

D.announced

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项declare“宣布,声明”;B选项imply“意味,暗示”;C选项manifest“表明,显示”;D选项announce“宣布”。句意:新中国的成立表明了人民对独立的渴望。选项C符合句意。

2.单选题

IlookedatMumandthought(

)shewasasniceasshelookedmaybeallourliveswouldhavebeenbetter.

问题1选项

A.onlyif

B.ifonly

C.evenif

D.eventhough

【答案】B

【解析】考察固定搭配。onlyif只有;evenif=eventhough即使;ifonly“要是……就”;句意为:我注视着母亲,心想:要是她像看上去那么和蔼可亲就好了,这样我们的生活也许会变得更好。选项B符合句意。

3.单选题

Everyeffortshouldcontributetothehealthydevelopmentofourcompany,buthowdidtheyreachsuchadecisionthatmaybe()tothecompany’sfuture?

问题1选项

A.irrelevant

B.detrimental

C.casual

D.preceding

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。Irrelevant“不相干的”;detrimental“有害的”;casual“随意的,偶然的”;preceding“先前的”。句意:每一项努力都应该为公司的健康发展做出贡献,但是他们是如何做出这样一个可能对公司未来不利的决定的呢?选项B符合题意。

4.单选题

AlthoughVenusisthenearestplanetoftheEarth,littleisknownaboutitbecauseitis()coveredbythickclouds.

问题1选项

A.closely

B.curiously

C.regularly

D.constantly

【答案】D

【解析】副词词义辨析。closely紧密地,严密地;curiously好奇地;regularly有规律地;constantly不断地,时常地。句意:尽管金星是离地球最近的行星,但由于它时常被厚厚的云层所覆盖,人们对它知之甚少。选项D符合句意。

5.单选题

Iampreparedtomakesome()onminordetails,butIcannotcompromiseonfundamentals.

问题1选项

A.confession

B.concession

C.concord

D.consent

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。confession“忏悔;告解”;concession“让步;特许(权)”;concord“和谐;和睦;一致”;consent“准许;同意”。句意:在一些细节上我准备做出一些______,但是在原则上我不会妥协。根据句意可知选项B符合题意。

6.单选题

Hisheart()withexcitementashewaswaitingforthereceptionbytheleaders.

问题1选项

A.flapped

B.flourished

C.flushed

D.fluttered

【答案】D

【解析】动词词义辨析。flap“拍打,扔,飘动”;flourish“繁荣,活跃,夸耀”;flush“发红,使激动”;flutter“扑动,震颤”。句意:在等待领导接见时,他激动得心怦怦直跳。选项D符合句意。

7.单选题

WhenAmericanAstronautGlenreturnedtotheearthandheartywelcome____him,hewasconsideredtobeanationalhero.

问题1选项

A.waitedfor

B.anticipated

C.expected

D.awaited

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.waitedfor等候B.anticipated预料

C.expected期待D.awaited等候;将发生在某人身上

【答案】D

【考查点】近义词辨析与主谓搭配

【解题思路】空格处所填词的主语为“热忱的欢迎”,前文提到“美国宇航员Glen回到地球”,由此可知,该句表达的是Glen回到地球会受到热烈的欢迎。D选项awaited“等候;将发生在某人身上”常与主语welcome搭配使用,heartywelcomeawaitedhim表示热烈的欢迎发生在他身上,即他受到热烈的欢迎。因此,本题最佳答案为D选项。

【干扰项排除】

A选项waitedfor“等候”,其主语通常是人,heartywelcome常与await搭配使用;

B选项anticipated“预料”,不符合原句语义衔接;

C选项expected“期待”,不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】当美国宇航员Glen返回地球并受到热烈欢迎时,他被认为是民族英雄。

8.单选题

Maryisfinegirleventhoughshe'ssometimesabruptinmanner.

问题1选项

A.devious

B.brusque

C.shrew

D.irritable

【答案】B

【解析】句意:玛丽是个好女孩,虽然她有时举止粗鲁。abrupt意为“生硬的,唐突的,粗鲁的。Devious偏僻的,弯曲的;brusque唐突的,直率的,无礼的;shrew泼妇,悍妇;irritable急躁的,易怒的。选项B与之意思最为相近。

9.单选题

Inthelatetwentiethcentury,onemoresymbolicidealofmanhoodhademerged,the“spiritualwarrior”.ConjuredupintheteachingofRobertBlyandotherleadersofthemythopoeticmen’smovement,thisidealwasbornofdissatisfactionwiththeotheridealsandimagesofmenthathaverecentlydominatedAmericanculture.Itgrowsfromadirect,consciousfocusonthepassionsthatitsadvocatesassumearenaturallymale.Thespiritualwarriorbelieveshehaslosttouchwiththosepassionsandlosthisabilitytoconnectdirectlywithothermen.Intheprocess,hehasbeenpreventedfromfulfillinghisdeepestspiritualneedsaswell.

Thisunderstandingofmanhoodappealsintenselytomanymenbecauseofitsfocusonfatherhood.Blyandotherslamentthegrowingdistancebetweenfathersandsonsinthemodernworld.Theteachersofthespiritualwarrioridealseethediscriminationofsonsfromtheirfathersrepeatingitselfinthedisconnectionofmenfrompassion,fromthespirit,fromtheirfellowmen.Herebeginsastrikingseriesofparallelswiththemovementtowardprimitivemasculinityattheturnofthetwentiethcentury.Forthespokesmenofthatmovementvoicedthesameconcernsabouttheabsenceoffathersthatmenarevoicingtoday.Theyalsoexpressedthesameanxietyaboutthedangersofaboylearninghisvisionofmanhoodthroughtheeyesofmothersandotherwomen.

Thereisoneimportanttraitthatallfouridealsshare.Eachofthemsignifiesaturningawayfromwomen.Theidealofthespiritualwarriorrepresentsaritualquestformanhoodinanall-malesetting.Theidealofthepleasureseekermaytreatwomenasobjectsofpleasureorasaccessorycompanionsinhispursuitofenjoyment,butconsidersthemlargelyirrelevanttothefulfillmentofyearnings.Theidealoftheexistentialheroendorsesseparationfromtheconfinementofcivilizationandthehalterofpermanent,personalcommitment----and,givenourculturalassociationsbetweenwomenandthebondsofcivilization,itisnosurprisethatadherentsofthisidealviewwomen’sworldwithsuspicion.

Theworldoftheteamplayerislessintrinsicallyexclusiveofwomenthanthatoftheotherideals.Pristineinitsblindnesstopersonalhistory,thegreatcontestforsuccessistechnicallyopentoanyonewhocanplayandwinaccordingtoitscompetitiverules.Aswehaveseenhistorically,however,themiddle-classmaleworkplacewasconstructedbymenaccordingtosharedmalevaluesandcustomsthatareculturallyalientowomen.Inrecentyears,womenhavemadestatisticalinroadsintheworldoftheteamplayer,butasyetthereislittlechange----culturallyorstatistically—atthelevelwheremostpoweriswielded.Inreality,theidealoftheteamplayerpositsaworldwherewomenhavedifficultysurvivingeventhoughtheyarenotexplicitlyforbiddentoenter.

Americansareoftenproudthattheydiscountthesignificanceofculturaldifferences:“Weareallindividuals,”manypeopleboast.Ignoringsuchissuesasgenderandethnicitybecomesasourceofpride:“Itreateveryonethesame.”Buttreatingpeoplethesameisnotequaltreatmentiftheyarenotthesame.

1.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,aspiritualwarrior().

2.Theword“accessory”(paragraph3)mustprobablymean“”()”.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthefouridealsistrue?

4.Theauthorseemstoimplythat().

5.Inwritingthisarticle,theauthor().

问题1选项

A.istheprototypeofthosewhowereonthequestforprimitivemasculinityattheturnofthe20thcentury

B.isbroughtupbythemotherinsteadofbythefather

C.ispassionateanddissatisfiedwiththefather’srole

D.longsforspiritualfulfillment.

问题2选项

A.chief

B.subordinate

C.necessary

D.perfect

问题3选项

A.Theworldofpleasureseekeristhemostfriendlytowomen

B.Existentialheroesdoubtwhetherwomencouldberegardedaspartofourcivilization.

C.Theteamplayerscanbethoughtofascomparativelymoreopen-mindedtowardwomenthantheotherthreeidealsofman

D.Theteamplayersarethemostpowerfulofallthefouridealsofman.

问题4选项

A.thefouridealsofmanhoodareproductsofaconfiningsociety

B.thequestforfatherhoodissharedbythefoursymbolicidealsofman

C.womenarepersecutedinamale-dominatedsociety

D.womenareassociatedwithrestrictioninourculture

问题5选项

A.severelyattackstheinjusticedonetowomenbythemalechauvinist

B.praisesspiritualwarriorsfortheirenthusiasticspiritualpursuit

C.expresseshisdoubtastothevalidityoftheconceptofequalsociety

D.condemnstherestrictiveforcesinamale-dominatedsociety

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。A:是那些在20世纪初寻求原始男子气概形象的原型。第二段指出:Herebeginsastrikingseriesofparallelswiththemovementtowardprimitivemasculinityattheturnofthetwentiethcentury(这里出现了一系列与二十世纪初期的原始男子气概运动相同点)。因此A项错误。B:由母亲而不是父亲抚养长大。C:热情充溢,对父亲的角色不满。D:渴望精神上的满足。第一段指出:…thisidealwasbornofdissatisfactionwiththeotheridealsandimagesofmenthathaverecentlydominatedAmericanculture(这一形象根源于对在美国文化中占支配地位的其他男性形象的不满)。以及:Itgrowsfromadirect,consciousfocusonthepassionsthatitsadvocatesassumearenaturallymale(它由直接地、有意识地专注于一种激情发展而来,这种激情被拥护者称为男性天生的激情)。由此可知精神勇士的形象是源自一种激情和对男性形象的不满,因此C项正确,B项跟D项不符合文章所述。

第2题:词义题。根据“butconsidersthemlargelyirrelevanttothefulfillmentofyearnings(但是认为她们与满足自己欲望毫无关联)”推断asaccessorycompanionsinhispursuitofenjoyment指的是“在追寻享乐的过程中一个可有可无的、附属的同伴”,因此选B项“从属的,附属的”。

第3题:细节事实题。第四段指出:Theworldoftheteamplayerislessintrinsicallyexclusiveofwomenthanthatoftheotherideals(相比其他几种形象,具有团队精神的人的世界本质上没有那么排斥女性),因此C项正确。

第4题:判断推理题。第三段指出:Theidealoftheexistentialheroendorsesseparationfromtheconfinementofcivilizationandthehalterofpermanent,personalcommitment—and,givenourculturalassociationsbetweenwomenandthebondsofcivilization(存在主义英雄的形象支持从文明社会的限制中和对永恒以及个人承诺的束缚中解脱出来,并将女性和文明社会的约束之间的联系赋予到文化当中)。由此推断D项“女性是和文明社会的约束联系在一起的”正确。

第5题:判断推理题。最后一段指出:Ignoringsuchissuesasgenderandethnicitybecomesasourceofpride:“Itreateveryonethesame.”Buttreatingpeoplethesameisnotequaltreatmentiftheyarenotthesame(对性别和种族问题的忽视成了‘我们对待所有人都是平等的’这一自豪感的来源。但是当人与人之间本来就存在差异的时候,一视同仁反而不能代表平等公平)。由此可看出作者对于美国社会现存的人人平等的观念是否真正能够代表平等公平持怀疑态度,故选C。

10.单选题

Herspeechwas(

)andcausedalotofangrycomment.

问题1选项

A.prospective

B.prone

C.provocative

D.promising

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项prospective“未来的,预期的”;B选项prone“有…倾向的”;C选项provocative“刺激的,挑拨的,气人的”;D选项promising“有希望的”。句意:她的演讲很气人,引起了许多愤怒的评论。选项C符合句意。

11.单选题

7.

问题1选项

A.Shedidn’tdoanythinginparticular.

B.ShesendawoundedpersontotheER.

C.ShehadtoworkintheER.

D.Shewentskiing.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Didyoudoanythingovertheweekend?

M:Notmuch.Whatdidyoudo?

W:Ihadplannedtogoskiing.ButIwoundupworkingintheER.

Q:Whatdidthewomandoovertheweekend?

【解析】细节题。女士说:Ihadplannedtogoskiing.ButIwoundupworkingintheER(我本打算去滑雪,但不得不在设备间工作)。

12.填空题

[Attheairport]

A:Uh-oh!OurflighttoFrankfurthasbeen(1)till16:30.That’sthreehourslaterthanscheduled.

B:Yes,andit(2)thatwe’llmissourconnectingflighttoMadrid.Thisissoannoying!

Let’sgotalktotheairlinerepresentativesandseeifthereis(3)flighttoMadridthattheycanputuson.

【答案】delayed;means;another

【解析】句意:(在机场)

一一噢,我们到法兰克福的飞机延迟到下午四点半了。这比原计划要晚了三个小时。

__是的,这也就意味着我们将错过飞往马德里的转接班机。这太让人恼火了。我们过去问问航空公司代表,看现在是否有其它去马德里的航班,能让我们上。

1.语义题。根据后面的句意(这比原计划要晚了三个小时)推测此处应表示“延迟”,空前为hasbeen,所以填delay的过去分词delayed。

2.语义题。第二空根据前面的场景可知前一班飞机的晚点也就“意味着”赶不上下一班飞机,填means。

3.语义题。第三空是指向航空公司代表询问现在是否有其它班次的航班可以乘坐,填another。

13.单选题

Weassumedethicsneededthesealofcertainty,elseitwasnon-rational.Andcertaintywastobeproducedbyadeductivemodel:thecorrectactionswerederivablefromclassicalfirstprinciplesorahierarchicallyrankedpantheonofprinciples.Thismodel,though,isbankrupt.

Isuggestwethinkofethicsasanalogoustolanguageusage.Therearenounivocalrulesofgrammarandstylewhichuniquelydeterminethebestsentenceforaparticularsituation.Norislanguageusageuniversalizable.Althoughasentenceorphraseiswarrantedinonecase,itdoesnotmeanitisautomaticallyappropriateinlikecircumstances.Nonetheless,languageusageisnotsubjective.

Thisshouldnotsurpriseusintheleast.Allintellectualpursuitsarerelativisticinjustthesesenses.Politicalscience,psychology,chemistryandphysicsarenotcertain,buttheyarenotsubjectiveeither.AsIseeit,ethicalinquiryproceedslikethis:wearetaughtmoralprinciplesbyparents,teachers,andsocietyatlarge.Aswegrowolderwebecomeexposedtocompetingviews.Thesemayleadustoreevaluatepresentlyheldbeliefs.Orwemayfindourselvesinexplicablymakingcertainvaluations,possiblybecauseofinheritedaltruistictendencies.Wemay“learnthehardway”thatsomeactionsgenerateunacceptableconsequences.Orwemayreflectuponourownandothers’“theories”orpatternsofbehavioranddecidetheyareinconsistent.Theresultingviewsare“tested”;weactaswethinkweshouldandevaluatetheconsequencesofthoseactionsonourselvesandonothers.Wetherebycorrectourmistakesinlightofthetestoftime.

Ofcoursepeoplemakedifferentmoraljudgments;ofcoursewecannotresolvethesedifferencesbyusingsomealgorithmwhichisitselfbeyondjudgment.Wehavenovantagepointoutsidehumanexperiencewherewecanjudgerightandwrong,goodandbad.Butthenwedon’thaveavantagepointfromwherewecanbephilosophicalrelativistseither.

Weareleftwithintherealworld,tryingtocopewithourselves,witheachother,withtheworld,andwithourownfallibility.Wedonothaveallthemoralanswers;nordowehaveanalgorithmtodiscernthoseanswers.Neitherdowepossessanalgorithmfordeterminingcorrectlanguageusagebutthatdoesnotmakeusthrowupourhandsindespairbecausewecannolongercommunicate.

Ifweunderstandethicsinthisway,wecansee,Ithink,therealvalueofethicaltheory.Somepeopletalkasifethicaltheoriesgiveusmoralprescriptions.Theythinkweshouldapplyethicalprinciplesaswewouldapoultice:afterdiagnosingthealiment,weapplytheappropriatedressing.Butthatisamistake.Notheoryprovidesasetofabstractsolutionstoapplystraightforwardly.Ethicaltheoriesareimportantnotbecausetheysolveallmoraldilemmasbutbecausetheyhelpusnoticesalientfeaturesofmoralproblemsandhelpusunderstandthoseproblemsincontext.

21.Ethicalprinciplesaregenerallythoughttobe________.

22.Inwhatwayisethicssimilartolanguageuse?

23.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysayingthatwemaylearnmoralprinciples“thehardway”?

24.Itisimpliedinthetextthatarelativisticviewofethnics________.

25.Theauthorassertsthatthetruevalueofethicaltheoryliesin________.

问题1选项

A.explicitlyclear

B.implicitlyvague

C.certainbutnon-rational

D.relativebutnotsubjective

问题2选项

A.Bothhaverulestodeterminetheoptimalchoiceunderacircumstance.

B.Bothvaryaccordingtothecontexttheyareapplicableto.

C.Bothareobjective,notsubjective,entities.

D.Similarsetsofrulescanbeappliedinquitedifferentsituations.

问题3选项

A.Wereevaluateourpreviouslyheldbeliefsaswegrowolder.

B.Werefutesomemoralprinciplesonlyafterwefindtheminconsistent.

C.Weacquireasenseofrightandwrongfromreallifelessons.

D.Weactbyignoringourinheritedaltruistictendencies.

问题4选项

A.canonlybeacquiredafterreallifelessons

B.oftengenerateunacceptableconsequences

C.ismorematureandrational

D.istooabstracttobeofanypracticalvalue

问题5选项

A.itsprescriptivepower

B.itsdiagnosticfunction

C.itseffectivenessinresolvingmoraldilemmas

D.itsrelevancetothesituation

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】21.实施细节题。根据第一段第一句Weassumedethicsneededthesealofcertainty,elseitwasnon-rational.(我们假定道德标准需要确定性的密封,否则它就是非理性的。),可知道德标准被视为非常明确,绝对,并且不是非理性的,A选项“明确清晰的”正确。B选项“隐隐约约,模糊”,C选项“确定但非理性”错误和D选项“相对但不主观”错误。因此A选项正确。

22.推理判断题。根据第二段第四句Althoughasentenceorphraseiswarrantedinonecase,itdoesnotmeanitisautomaticallyappropriateinlikecircumstances.(虽然一个句子或短语在某种情况下是正当的,但这并不意味着它在类似的情况下自动适用。),可知道德和语言没有固定和绝对的使用方法,而是要根据情况而定,也没有特定情况,B选项“两者都根据它们适用的背景而不同”正确,A选项“两者都有在特定情况下决定最佳选择的规则”错误。C选项“两者都是客观的,而不是主观的实体”:根据第二段最后一句Nonetheless,languageusageisnotsubjective.(然而,语言的使用并不是主观的。),作者说的然而,可知作者想要表达的是语言是客观的,而道德不是客观的,故错误。D选项“类似的规则可以应用于相当不同的情况”:没有提到类似的规则的用法,属于过度推断,故错误。因此B选项正确。

23.语义推测题。根据第三段倒数第四句Wemay“learnthehardway”thatsomeactionsgenerateunacceptableconsequences.(我们可能会“吃了苦头才明白”,有些行为会产生不可接受的后果。),行为产生后果,这里指的是在实际生活中检验对错,B选项“我们驳斥一些道德原则,只是在我们发现它们不一致之后”错误和C选项“我们从现实生活的教训中获得对与错的意识”正确。A选项“随着年龄的增长,我们会重新评估以前持有的信念”:根据第三段第五、六句Aswegrowolderwebecomeexposedtocompetingviews.Thesemayleadustoreevaluatepresentlyheldbeliefs.(随着年龄的增长,我们会接触到不同的观点。这些可能会引导我们重新评估目前持有的信念。),可知重新评估以前持有的信念和接触不同观点有关,重新评估不是驳斥,故错误。D选项“我们通过忽视我们遗传的利他主义倾向来行动”:根据第三段第七句possiblybecauseofinheritedaltruistictendencies.(这可能是因为遗传的利他主义倾向。),可知并没有忽视利他主义,故错误。因此C选项正确。

24.推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句Butthenwedon’thaveavantagepointfromwherewecanbephilosophicalrelativistseither.(但是我们也没有一个有利的位置,让我们成为哲学相对主义者。)和第五段最后一句Neitherdowepossessanalgorithmfordeterminingcorrectlanguageusagebutthatdoesnotmakeusthrowupourhandsindespairbecausewecannolongercommunicate.(我们也没有确定语言正确用法的算法,但这并不会让我们因为再也不能交流而绝望地举手投降。),可知相对主义的观念里,事情没有固定的解决办法,有时也会遇到困境,但是总体来说会积极面对,C选项“更加成熟和理性”正确。A选项“只有在真正的生活教训后才能获得”:根据第三段第五、六句Aswegrowolderwebecomeexposedtocompetingviews.Thesemayleadustoreevaluatepresentlyheldbeliefs.(随着年龄的增长,我们会接触到不同的观点。这些可能会引导我们重新评估目前持有的信念。),可知不同的观点也会对此有帮助,故错误。B选项“经常产生不可接受的后果”:根据第三段倒数第四句Wemay“learnthehardway”thatsomeactionsgenerateunacceptableconsequences.(我们可能会“吃了苦头才明白”,有些行为会产生不可接受的后果。),可知不可接受的后果由某些行为产生,与相对主义无关,故错误。D选项“太抽象了,没有任何实用价值”:根据第六段最后一句Ethicaltheoriesareimportantnotbecausetheysolveallmoraldilemmasbutbecausetheyhelpusnoticesalientfeaturesofmoralproblemsandhelpusunderstandthoseproblemsincontext.(伦理理论之所以重要,并不是因为它们解决了所有的道德困境,而是因为它们帮助我们注意到道德问题的显著特征,并帮助我们在情境中理解这些问题。),可知相对主义在实际生活中有价值,故错误。因此C选项正确。

25.语义推测题。根据第六段最后一句Ethicaltheoriesareimportantnotbecausetheysolveallmoraldilemmasbutbecausetheyhelpusnoticesalientfeaturesofmoralproblemsandhelpusunderstandthoseproblemsincontext.(伦理理论之所以重要,并不是因为它们解决了所有的道德困境,而是因为它们帮助我们注意到道德问题的显著特征,并帮助我们在情境中理解这些问题。),可知道德论的真正意义是帮助我们在情境中理解问题,不能直接解决问题,D选项“与情况的相关性”正确,C选项“解决道德困境的有效性”错误。A选项“指令权”和B选项“诊断功能”:根据第六段第三、四句Theythinkweshouldapplyethicalprinciplesaswewouldapoultice:afterdiagnosingthealiment,weapplytheappropriatedressing.Butthatisamistake.(他们认为我们应该像使用膏药一样应用伦理原则:诊断出食物后,我们使用适当的敷料。但这是一个错误。),可知道德论和药不是一回事,诊断以后就可以开药,故错误。因此D选项正确。

14.单选题

Hehasbeen()alotofpressureonmetochangemymind.

问题1选项

A.employing

B.exerting

C.endeavoring

D.aspiring

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。exertpressureon...表示“给……施加压力”。句意:他对我施加了很大的压力,要求我改变主意。结合句意,故B为正确答案。

15.翻译题

1.上周四,世界观察研究学会一年一度的“地球健康体检”报告出炉。2005年,地球的森林砍伐量创历史新高,这是该报告强调的众多环境问题征兆之一。

该驻华盛顿智囊机构在一份题为《地球生命征兆2007-2008》的报告中指出,从肉类消费量的不断增长到亚洲经济发展等各种全球性态势与气候变化这一显著问题都有关系。

“地球声明征兆2007-2008”项目的负责人说,“我认为气候变化是人类有史以来所面临的最严峻的挑战”。

在报告公布前,阿萨多利安在接受记者的电话采访时说,2.“我们可以看到气候变化中出现的众多趋势,比如,粮食生产受到洪涝灾害的影响;以及肉类生产,据统计,家禽饲养过程中所产生的温室气体占温室气体总排放量的20%”。

阿萨多利安说,3.这份报告的主题是,二氧化碳排放及其他生态灾难引起气候变化,“不可持续”的消费模式才是气候变化的罪魁祸首。

【答案】1.Morewoodwasremovedfromforestsin2005thaneverbefore,oneofmanytroublingenvironmentalsignshighlightedonThursdayintheWorldWatchInstitute’sannualcheckoftheplanet’shealth.

2.“Youseemanytrendsinclimatechange,whetherwearetalkingaboutgrainproductionwhichisaffectedbydroughtsandflooding,ormeatproductionaslivestockproductionmakesupabout20percentofgreenhousegasemissions.”

3.Thekeymessageofthereportwasthatunsustainableconsumptionpatternswereresponsibleforclimatechangelinkedtocarbonemissionsandotherecologicalwoes.

16.单选题

Thegoalistousecrops,weedsandevenanimalwaste________thepetroleumthatfuelsmuchofAmericanmanufacturing.

问题1选项

A.intermsof

B.infavorof

C.inspiteof

D.inplaceof

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项intermsof“在……方面,就……而言”;B选项infavorof“赞成”;C选项inspiteof“不管,尽管”;D选项inplaceof“取代,代替”。句意:这个目标是用庄稼,野草甚至是动物排泄物来()为绝大多数美国人生产活动提供动力的石油。人们使用庄稼等有机物很明显是为了取代石油这种化学物来充当燃料的,所以答案选D。

17.单选题

HehasnoincentivetomakepermanentimprovementinspokenEnglish.

问题1选项

A.abilityt

B.knowledget

C.opportunityt

D.motive

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。incentive表示“动机,刺激”;A项ability“能力”,B项knowledge“知识”,C项opportunity“机会”,D项motive“动机,目的”。句意:他没有持续提高英语口语的动力。根据句意可知,该题选择D项正确。

18.单选题

)excessiveconsumptionoffriedfoodshasseriousconsequencesashasbeenproved.

问题1选项

A.Theoretically

B.Presumably

C.Incredibly

D.Practically

【答案】B

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项theoretically“理论地,理论上”;B选项presumably“据推测,很可能,大概”;C选项incredibly“极其,难以置信地”;D选项practically“实际上,几乎,差不多”。由ashasbeenproved(如已证实的那样)可知前面的内容应该是一种猜测比较符合逻辑,即证实推测。句意:据推测,过度食用油炸食品会造成严重后果,这已被证实。

19.单选题

Storesgivenpermissiontosellfireworksallyearwillneedalicensewhichlocalauthorities______willbeabletorefuseandifnecessary.

问题1选项

A.revolve

B.revolt

C.revoke

D.revive

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项revolve“使……旋转”,B项revolt“反抗”,C项revoke“撤回”,D项revive“使复兴”。根据句子意思“获得全年销售烟花许可的商店将需要一份许可证,如果必要,地方当局将有权……该许可证。”可推测,空格部分表示“吊销,撤销”,C项最符合。句意:获得全年销售烟花许可的商店将需要一份许可证,如果必要,地方当局将有权吊销该许可证。因此,该题选择C项正确。

20.单选题

Itwasunfortunatethat,aftersotrouble-freeanarrival,heshouldstumbleinthedarkashewasrisingandseverelytwisthisankleonapieceofrock.Afterthefirstshockthepainbecamebearable,andhegathereduphisparachutebeforelimpingintothetreestohideitasbestashecould.Thehardnessofthegroundandthedeepdarknessmadeitalmostimpossibletodothisefficiently.Thepineneedleslayseveralinchesdeep,sohesimplypilethemontopoftheparachute,cuttingtheshorttwigsthathecouldfeelaroundhislegs,andspreadingthemontopoftheneedles.Hehadgreatdoubtsaboutwhetheritwouldstayburied,buttherewasverylittleelsethathecoulddoaboutit.

Afterlimpingforsomedistanceinanindirectcourseawayfromhisparachutehebegantomakehiswaydownhillthroughthetrees.Hehadtofindoutwherehewas,andthendecidewhattodonext.Butwalkingdownhillonarapidlyswellinganklesoonprovedtobealmostbeyondhispowers.Hemovedmoreandmoreslowly,walkinginlongsidewaymovementsacrosstheslope,whichmeanttakingmorestepsbutlesspainfulones.Bythetimeheclearedthetreesandreachedthevalley,daywasbreaking.Misthunginsoftsheetsacrossthefields.Smallcottagesandfarmbuildingsgroupedlikesleepingcattlearoundavillagechurch,whosepointedtowerpointedhighintothecoldwinterairtowelcomethemorning.

“Ican’tgonofarther,”JohnHardingthought.“Someoneisboundtofindme,butwhatcanIdo?ImustgetarestbeforeIgoon.They’lllookformefirstupthereonthemountainwheretheplanecrashed.Ibetthey’reoutlookingforitalreadyandtheyareboundtofindtheparachuteintheend.Ican’tbelievetheywon’t.Sothey’llknowI’mnotdeadandmustbesomewhere.They’llthinkI’mhidingupthereinthetreesandrockssothey’lllookformethere.SoI’llgodowntothevillage.Withluckbytheeveningmyfootwillbegoodenoughtogetmetotheborder.”

Farabovehimonthemountainsidehecouldhearthefaintechoofvoices,startlinghimafterthegreatsilence.Lookinguphesawlightslikelittlepinpointsmovingacrossthefaceofthemountaininthegraylight.Buttheroadwasdeserted,andhestruggledalong,stillalmostinvisibleinthefirstlight,easinghisachingfootwheneverhecould,avoidingstonesandroughplaces,andlimpingquietlyandpainfullytowardsthevillage.Hereachedthechurchatlast.Agreatneedforpeacealmostdrewhiminside,butheknewthatwouldnotdo.Instead,helimpedalongitswallstowardsaveryoldbuildingstandingashortdistancefromthechurchdoors.Itseemedtohavebeenthereforever,asifithadgrownoutofthehillinside.Ithadthesameairoftimelessnessasthechurch.JohnHardingpushedopentheheavywoodendoorandslippedinside.

1.ItisknownfromthepassagethatJohnHardingwas_______.

2.JohnHardingfoundithardtohidehisparachutebecause_______.

3.Inspiteofhisbadankle,JohnHardingwasableto_______.

4.WhenJohnHardinggotoutoftheforest,hesawthat_______.

5.JohnHardingdecidedtogodowntothevillage_______.

问题1选项

A.anescapedprisoner

B.acriminalontherunfromthepolice

C.aspywhohadbeenhidinginthe

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