考研考博-英语-广东水利电力职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广东水利电力职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

She（）andloweredherheadwhenshecouldn'tanswerthequestioninthepresenceofherclassmates.

问题1选项

A.refuted

B.defied

C.contradicted

D.disputed

【答案】B

【解析】动词词义辨析。refute反驳,驳斥;defy挑衅,不服从,公然反抗,还有使落空的意思;contradicted反驳,矛盾;disputed争论,激烈辩论。句意：当她不能在同学面前回答问题时,她感到很落空并低下了头。选项B符合句意。

2.单选题

TheConstitution（

）thePresident’stermofofficetofouryears.

问题1选项

A.limits

B.refrains

C.confines

D.restricts

【答案】A

【解析】句意:宪法规定总统的任期为4年。

考查近义词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的三单形式。Limit限制，限定（一般指事先确定空间、时间或数量的极限）;refrain克制，避免,不及物动词,后面跟介词from;confine限制，禁闭（侧重施加不可逾越的限制，有时暗示束缚、囚禁）;restrict限制，约束（指把某人或物限制在一定范围之内）。此处侧重指时间上的限制,故选A。

3.翻译题

Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseandwriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.

1.Whatremainspertinentisthereport'svisionoftheroleofgovernmentinresearch,includinghisassertionthatthefederalgovernmenthadboththeauthorityandtheobligationtosupportbasicresearch.

2.Thecriticismandbudgetcutsdirectedatuniversitieshavecreateduneaseandacorrespondingsearchforsolutions.

3.Wewouldn'thavenetworkscapableofhandlingmassiveamountsofdataifphysicistsandastronomershadn'tcontinuouslyforgedtoolstolookmoredeeplyintotheuniverse.

4.Ratherthanevaluatingprogramsintermsofhowhappytheymakepeople,howsatisfiedthosepeoplebecome,programsmustbeevaluatedintermsofthequalityofthediscontenttheyengender.

5.Whenamaniswrong,heiswrong,andthereisnoneedforonetobeimpressedandoverawedbyagreatnameorbythenumberofbooksthathehasreadandwehaven’t.

【答案】1.该报告对政府在研究中所扮演的角色的看法仍然中肯，他认为联邦政府有权利，也有义务支持基础研究。

2.针对大学的批评以及削减其财政预算，既造成了不安定因素，又激发了解决相应问题的探索精神。

3.如果物理学家和天文学家不曾连续发明工具，以便更深入地探讨宇宙的话，我们就不会有能够处理大量信息的网络系统。

4.对于各项计划的评估，不要看其令人们高兴的程度，让人们满意的程度，而要看其引起的不满情绪属于什么性质。

5.当一个人犯错误时，他就是错了，不必因震于他的大名，或震于他的高深学问，而对他有所畏惧。

4.单选题

Themayorcalledtogetherallhisstaffmembersandannouncedthatthefreshlyappointeddirectorofgeneralaffairswas（）hisex-wife’sson.

问题1选项

A.nobodyotherthan

B.nothingotherthan

C.noneotherthan

D.nototherthan

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。noneotherthan意为“不是别的而正是…”。句意：市长召集了他所有的职员，宣布新任命的总干事不是别人，正是他前妻的儿子。选项C符合句意。

5.单选题

Whilehewasbuildinghisarmyby（）newlocalforces,heconsistentlyfollowedthepracticeoftakingoverthesecorpsintactwiththeircommandersandindoctrinatingtheseleaderstoensuretheirallegiancetohimselfandhisownarmy.

问题1选项

A.incorporating

B.havingbeenincorporated

C.incorporated

D.beingincorporated

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。incorporate“合并，吸收”。incorporate这个动作是直接由句子的主语“he”来执行的，所以介词by后面直接跟动词的进行时。句意：当他通过……新的地方部队来建立他的军队时，他一直遵循这样的做法，即完整地接管这些部队和他们的指挥官，并灌输这些领导人以确保他们效忠于他自己和他自己的军队。因此A选项正确。

6.单选题

Ifeelobligatedtogivemyopiniononthesubject.

问题1选项

A.required

B.forbidden

C.determined

D.encouraged

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项requiredadj.必需的，必须的；B选项forbiddenadj.不被允许的，被禁止的；C选项determinedadj.坚决的，决定的；D选项encouragedadj.怂恿的，受到鼓舞的。句意：我认为我必须对这个话题发表自己的观点。根据句意可知A选项正确。

7.单选题

Westernmedicine,（）scienceandpracticedbypeoplewithacademicinternationallyacceptedmedicaldegrees，isonlyoneofmanysystemsofhealing.

问题1选项

A.rootedin

B.originatedfrom

C.trappedin

D.indulgedin

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。rootin“来源于，起因于”；originatefrom“发源于，起源于”；trapin“受困于”；indulgein“沉溺于”。句意：西药从科学发展而来，通过人们的实践获得国际认定的医学地位，它只是众多治疗系统中的一种。originatefrom指一般意义上的来源于某地。rootin有“扎根于，根植于”的意思。所以选项A更恰当。

8.单选题

Didyourmumanddadgotouniversity,ordidtheyleaveschoolandgostraighttotheJobCentre?Theeducationalexperienceofparentsisstillimportantwhenitcomestohowtoday’sstudentschooseanareaofstudyandwhattodoaftergraduation,accordingtoTheFuture-trackresearchintheUK.

TheresearchwasdonebytheHigherEducationCareersServiceUnit.Itplanstofollowuniversityapplicantsforsixyearsfrom2006throughtheirearlycareers.

Thefirstyear’sfindingscomefromastudyof130,000universityapplicants.Theyshowsignificantdifferencesinprospectivestudents’approachtohighereducation,dependingonwhethertheirparentsgotdegrees(second-generationapplicants)ordidn’t(first-generationapplicants).

First-generationapplicantsweremorelikelytosaythattheircareerandemploymentprospectswereuppermostintheirmindsindecidingtogotouniversity.Aboutone-fifthofthisgroupgave“toenablemetogetagoodjob”astheirmainreasonforchoosingHE.And37percentsaidthatadegreewas“partofmycareerplan”.

Ayoungpersoncomingfromanon-professionalhouseholdwherefinancesarestretchedmayfindtheideaoflearningforitsownsaketobealuxury.Thisexplainstheexplosioninvocationalcourses.

AtPortsmouthUniversity,first-yearstudentKimBurnett,19,saysthatshespecificallychoseherdegreeinhealthresearchmanagementandpsychologytogetasecure,well-paidjob.HarrietEdge,20,studyingmedicineatManchesterUniversity,alsowantedjobsecurity.Herparentslackedcollegedegrees,thoughthefactthatheruncleisadoctorappearstohaveinfluencedherchoice.

“Medicineisoneofthosefieldswhereit’sprettylikelyyou’llgetajobattheend.That’sabigplus,asthedebtlevelsafterfiveyearsofstudyaregoingtobefrightening,”shesays.Manyexpertsbelievethatthissituationaffectsthosewithnofamilytraditionofhighereducationfarmorekeenly.Thefactthat26percentofrespondentssaidthattheyneededmoreadviceimpliesthatsomestudentsmayendupfeelingthattheirhighereducationinvestmentwasnotworthwhile.

Forthosewithgraduateparents,thislackofguidancemay,theresearcherssuggest,belessofaproblem.“But,forthosewithouttheadvantages,lackofaccesstocareerguidancebeforeapplyingforhighereducationleavesthemexposedtomakingpoorerchoices,”thesurveyconcludes.

1.Themainideaofthepassageisthat（）.

2.“HE”inthe4thparagraphprobablyrefersto（）.

3.Ayoungpersoncomingfromanon-professionalhousehold（）.

4.InwhichofthefollowingaspectsdoKimBurnettandHarrietEdgehaveincommon?

5.Itisimpliedthat（）.

问题1选项

A.parents’experiencesaremoreimportantfortheirchildren’seducation

B.parents’careersarevitallyimportantfortheirchildren’sdegrees

C.students’approachtohighereducationcorrelateswiththeirparents’educationalexperience

D.students’careerandemploymentprospectsaredecidedbytheirparents

问题2选项

A.healtheducation

B.higheremployment

C.HarrietEdge

D.highereducation

问题3选项

A.islesslikelytogetfinancialaidtogotouniversity

B.ismorelikelytochoosevocationaleducation

C.maythinklearningforpleasureisagoodidea

D.maychoosetostudyforaprofessionaldegree

问题4选项

A.Theybothchosetheirmajorsbecauseoftheirfamilyinfluence.

B.Theyareboththefirst-yearstudentsinuniversity.

C.Bothoftheirparentslackcollegedegrees.

D.Bothofthemchosedegreesforjobsecurity.

问题5选项

A.thecostofadegreeinmedicineisveryhigh

B.highereducationinvestmentinmedicineisnotworthwhile

C.astudentwithoutfamilymedicaltraditionislesslikelytochoosemedicine

D.medicineisafieldwhereeverydegree-holdercangetajob

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。题干意思是“这篇文章的主要观点是……”。第一段指出Theeducationalexperienceofparentsisstillimportantwhenitcomestohowtoday’sstudentschooseanareaofstudyandwhattodoaftergraduation,accordingtoTheFuture-trackresearchintheUK.（根据英国未来研究中心的研究，当谈到今天的学生如何选择学习领域以及毕业后做什么时，父母的教育经历仍然很重要），由此我们可知文章讨论的是父母的教育经历影响到子女受教育的程度以及职业选择倾向。A项“父母的经历对孩子的教育更重要”，内容表达的比较片面；B项“父母的职业对孩子的学位至关重要”，文章没有提及；C项“学生接受高等教育的方式与其父母的教育经历有关”符合文章大意；D项“学生的职业和就业前景是由他们的父母决定的”，表达太过绝对。故该题选C正确。

第2题:语义推测题。题干意思是“第四段中的He可能指的是……”。根据题干定位到文章第四段First-generationapplicantsweremorelikelytosaythattheircareerandemploymentprospectswereuppermostintheirmindsindecidingtogotouniversity.Aboutone-fifthofthisgroupgave“toenablemetogetagoodjob”astheirmainreasonforchoosingHE.（第一代申请者更倾向于声称他们的职业生涯和就业前景是他们决定上大学的最重要的因素；约五分之一的受访大学生选择它的主要原因是“为了找到一份好工作”），由此可推测，第二句中的“HE”指的就是第一句中的decidingtogotouniversity（决定上大学），即“高等教育”，所以D项“高等教育”符合题意。A项“健康教育”，该段没有提到健康教育；B项“高就业”，内容与原文句子冲突；C项“哈里特•埃奇”这是后面提到的内容，与这里的内容无关。故该题选D正确。

第3题:细节推理题。题干意思是“来自非职业家庭的年轻人……”。根据题干定位到第五段Ayoungpersoncomingfromanon-professionalhouseholdwherefinancesarestretchedmayfindtheideaoflearningforitsownsaketobealuxury.Thisexplainstheexplosioninvocationalcourses.（来自经济拮据的非职业家庭的年轻人可能会发现，为了学习而学习的想法是一种奢侈；这解释了职业课程激增的原因），由此可推，来自非职业家庭的年轻人会因为经济拮据而选择职业课程，所以B项“更有可能选择职业教育”符合。A项“获得上大学助学金的可能性更小”，文章没有提到助学金；C项“认为以学习为乐是一个好主意”，内容与原文相反，这些年轻人认为为了学习而学习是一种奢侈；D项“选择攻读专业学位”，来自非职业家庭的年轻人更多的选择了职业教育，所以攻读专业学位是不太可能。故该题选B正确。

第4题:细节推理题。题干意思是“KimBurnett和HarrietEdge在以下哪些方面有共同之处？”。根据题干定位到文章第六段AtPortsmouthUniversity,first-yearstudentKimBurnett,19,saysthatshespecificallychoseherdegreeinhealthresearchmanagementandpsychologytogetasecure,well-paidjob.HarrietEdge,20,studyingmedicineatManchesterUniversity,alsowantedjobsecurity.Herparentslackedcollegedegrees,thoughthefactthatheruncleisadoctorappearstohaveinfluencedherchoice.（在朴茨茅斯大学，19岁的大一学生KimBurnett说，为了找到一份稳定的高薪工作，她特意选择了健康研究管理和心理学专业；20岁的HarrietEdge目前在曼彻斯特大学学医，她也希望有稳定的工作；她的父母没有大学学历，但她的叔叔是一名医生，这似乎影响了她的选择），可知，KimBurnett为了得到好的工作选择健康研究管理和心理学专业，HarrietEdge为了有稳定的个工作选择学医；从而可知KimBurnett和HarrietEdge都是为了得到工作而选择学习专业，所以D项“他们都是为了保住工作而选择学位的”符合题意。A项“他们都是由于家庭的影响而选择了自己的专业”，只有HarrietEdge是由于家庭的影响；B项“他们都是大学一年级的学生”，原文没有明确的说HarrietEdge也是大学一年级学生；C项“他们的父母都没有大学学历”，原文没有提及KimBurnett的父母也没有大学学历。故该题选D正确。

第5题:推理判断题。题干意思是“文章暗示了……”。文章第七段第一句提到Medicineisoneofthosefieldswhereit’sprettylikelyyou’llgetajobattheend.That’sabigplus,asthedebtlevelsafterfiveyearsofstudyaregoingtobefrightening（医学是你最终很有可能找到工作的领域之一；这是一笔很大的附加费用，因为经过五年的学习，债务水平将令人恐惧），由此可以推断，虽然医学专业毕业后就业没有问题，但是需要大额的学费开支，所以A项“获得医学学位的费用很高”符合题意。B项“对医学的高等教育投资是不值得的”，这属于断章取义，第七段提到Thefactthat26percentofrespondentssaidthattheyneededmoreadviceimpliesthatsomestudentsmayendupfeelingthattheirhighereducationinvestmentwasnotworthwhile.（26%的受访者表示，他们需要更多的建议，这意味着一些学生可能最终会觉得他们的高等教育投资不值得），由此可知，受访者觉得高等教育投资不值得是因为对那些没有接受高等教育的家庭传统的人来说，因为父母没有高等教育经历，所以对于高等教育不是很看好，不仅仅是医学上的高等教育；C项“一个没有家庭医学传统的学生不太可能选择医学”和D项“医学是每个有学位的人都能找到工作的领域”表达太过绝对。故该题选A正确。

9.单选题

AngusGrahamisthepersonwhocanadviseyoubest.___,heiscomingheretomorrow.

问题1选项

A.Itistrue

B.Evenso

C.Ineffect

D.Asamatteroffact

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项Itistrue“不是固定搭配，代入到句中会出现句意错误，排除”；B选项Evenso“虽然如此，即使如此”；C选项Ineffect“实际上；生效”；D选项Asamatteroffact“事实上”。句意：安格斯•格雷厄姆是给你最好建议的人。___，他明天要来这里。本句表达“事实上，他明天要来这里”，因此D选项正确。

10.单选题

Packagingworkersseemtogofasterwhentheygettheir（）windafteracupofcoffee.

问题1选项

A.second

B.third

C.sixth

D.seventh

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短语搭配。A选项second“（num.）第二；居第二位的；另外的；（adj.）第二的；另外的；次要的；（n.）秒；瞬间；第二名；二等品；（v.）支持，附议；临时调派”；B选项third“（num.）第三；三分之一；（n.）三分之一；三等学位；（adj.）第三的；三分之一的”；C选项sixth“（n.）第六；（比赛或竞赛的）第六名；六分之一；六年级；六度音程；六度音；（adj.）（与the连用）第六的，第六个的；六分之一的”；D选项seventh“（num.）第七；（n.）七分之一；（比赛或竞赛的）第七名；第七（用来引出第七个要点或原因）；（音乐）七度音程，七度和弦；（adj.）第七的；七分之一的；（adv.）居第七位地；第七点（用来引出第七个要点或原因）”。根据固定搭配getone’ssecondwind“再度恢复精力和力量”可知该题选second。getthewindupsomeone“使受到惊吓，使担心害怕”。句意：包装工人在喝了一杯咖啡后恢复了体力，工作速度变快了。因此A选项正确。

11.单选题

Accordingtotheperiodictable,______stillsomeelementsundiscovered.

问题1选项

A.itseemsthat

B.hereseem

C.thereseemtobe

D.itseemstobe

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查固定句型。句意：根据元素周期表，似乎仍有一些元素未被发现。A选项itseemsthat放进来that引导的主语从句缺主语，语法错误；B选项hereseem放进来句子缺主语，here不能充当主语成分；C选项thereseemtobe是therebe句型，当seem用于therebe结构时，其通常的表现形式为Thereseemstobe…，tobe可以省略，也可以保留，但以保留为多见；D选项itseemstobe中it指代不明确，用法错误。C选项thereseemtobe符合题意。因此C选项正确。

12.单选题

Itisgenerallybelievedthatpeoplewholiveinsmalltownsoftenseemmorefriendlythanthoselivingin（

）populatedareas.

问题1选项

A.densely

B.intensely

C.abundantly

D.highly

【答案】A

【解析】densely浓密地，密集地；intensely强烈地，紧张地，热情地；abundantly丰富地，大量地；highly高度地；非常。句意：人们普遍认为住在小城镇的人似乎比住在人口稠密地区的人更友好。选项A符合句意。

13.单选题

8.

问题1选项

A.Inthegym.

B.Intheoffice.

C.Intheclinic.

D.Intheboat.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Ok,everythinglooksship-shape.

W:Great!WhenshouldIcomeagainforaphysical?

Q:Wheredidthisconversationprobablytakeplace?

【解析】推断题。女士问何时来复查，由此推断对话场景应为医院。

14.单选题

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Justoveradecadeintothe21stcentury,women’sprogresscanbecelebratedacrossarangeoffields.TheyholdthehighestpoliticalofficesfromThailandtoBrazil,CostaRicatoAustralia.AwomanholdsthetopspotattheInternationalMonetaryFund;anotherwontheNobelPrizeineconomics.Self-madebillionairesinBeijing,techinnovatorsinSiliconValley,pioneeringjusticesinGhana-intheseandcountlessotherareas,womenareleavingtheirmark.

Butholdtheapplause.InSaudiArabia,womenaren’tallowedtodrive.InPakistan,1,000womendieinhonorkillingseveryyear.Inthedevelopedworld,womenlagbehindmeninpayandpoliticalpower.ThepovertyrateamongwomenintheU.S.roseto14.5%lastyear.

Tomeasurethestateofwomen’sprogress.Newsweekranked165countries,lookingatfiveareasthataffectwomen’slives:treatmentunderthelaw,workforceparticipation,politicalpower,andaccesstoeducationandhealthcare.AnalyzingdatafromtheUnitedNationsandtheWorldEconomicForum,amongothers,andconsultingwithexpertsandacademics,wemeasured28factorstocomeupwithourrankings.

CountrieswiththehighestscorestendtobeclusteredintheWest,wheregenderdiscriminationisagainstthelaw,andequalrightsareconstitutionallyenshrined(神圣化).Butthereweresomesurprises.Someotherwisehigh-rankingcountrieshadrelativelylowscoresforpoliticalrepresentation.Canadarankedthirdoverallbut26thinpower,behindcountriessuchasCubaandBurundi.Doesthissuggestthatawomaninanation’stopofficetranslatestobetterlivesforwomeningeneral?Notexactly.“Tryingtoquantifyormeasuretheimpactofwomeninpoliticsishardbecauseinveryfewcountrieshavetherebeenenoughwomeninpoliticstomakeadifference,”saysAnne-MarieGoetz,peaceandsecurityadviserforU.N.Women.

Ofcourse,noindexcanaccountforeverything.Declaringthatonecountryisbetterthananotherinthewaythatittreatsmorethanhalfitscitizensmeansrelyingonbroadstrokesandgeneralities.Somethingssimplycan’tbemeasured.Andcross-culturalcomparisonscan’taccountfordifferencesofopinion.

Certainconclusionsarenonethelessclear.Foronething,ourindexbacksupasimplebutprofoundstatementmadebyHillaryClintonattherecentAsia-PacificEconomicCooperationsummit.“Whenweliberatetheeconomicpotentialofwomen,weelevatetheeconomicperformanceofcommunities,nations,andtheworld,”shesaid.“Thereisastimulativeeffectthatkicksinwhenwomenhavegreateraccesstojobsandtheeconomiclivesofourcountries:Greaterpoliticalstability.Fewermilitaryconflicts.Morefood.Moreeducationalopportunityforchildren.Byharnessingtheeconomicpotentialofallwomen,weboostopportunityforallpeople.

21.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutwomen’sprogresssofar?

22.Inwhatcountrieshavewomenmadethegreatestprogress?

23.WhatdoNewsweekrankingsrevealaboutwomeninCanada?

24.WhatdoesAnne-MarieGoetzthinkofawomanbeinginanation’stopoffice?

25.WhatdoesHillaryClintonsuggestwedotomaketheworldabetterplace?

问题1选项

A.Itstillleavesmuchtobedesired.

B.Itistooremarkabletobemeasured.

C.Ithasgreatlychangedwomen’sfate.

D.Itisachievedthroughhardstruggle.

问题2选项

A.Wherewomenholdkeypostsingovernment.

B.Wherewomen’srightsareprotectedbylaw.

C.Wherewomen’sparticipationinmanagementishigh.

D.Wherewomenenjoybettereducationandhealthcare.

问题3选项

A.Theycareliteaboutpoliticalparticipation.

B.Theyaregenerallytreatedasequalsbymen.

C.Theyhaveasurprisinglylowsocialstatus.

D.Theyareunderrepresentedinpolitics.

问题4选项

A.Itdoesnotnecessarilyraisewomen’spoliticalawareness.

B.Itdoesnotguaranteeabetterlifeforthenation’swomen.

C.Itenhanceswomen’sstatus.

D.Itboostswomen’sconfidence.

问题5选项

A.Givewomenmorepoliticalpower.

B.Stimulatewomen’screativity.

C.Allowwomenaccesstoeducation.

D.Tapwomen’seconomicpotential.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】21、【试题答案】A

【试题解析】判断推理题。由题干关键词“women’sprogress”可定位到第一段的第一句话“Justoveradecadeintothe21stcentury,women’sprogresscanbecelebratedacrossarangeoffields”（21世纪刚刚过去10年，女性在各个领域都取得了进步），然后第一段紧接着介绍了女性取得了哪些进步。再根据第二段第一句话“Butholdtheapplause”（但是别急着鼓掌）可知第二段又讲述了在某些国家女性的状况没有那么好。所以可以推测本题女性虽然取得了进步，但是还不够，即A选项“还有需要进步的地方”；B、C、D选项没有原文依据，所以排除。因此A选项正确。

22、【试题答案】B

【试题解析】判断推理题。由题干“countrieshavewomenmadethegreatestprogress”可定位到第四段第一句话“CountrieswiththehighestscorestendtobeclusteredintheWest,wheregenderdiscriminationisagainstthelaw,andequalrightsareconstitutionallyenshrined(神圣化)”（得分最高的国家往往集中在西方，那里性别歧视是违法的以及宪法保护男女平等权利），所以B选项“妇女权利受到法律保护”说法正确。女性担任国家最高职务不完全意味着总体上女性的生活会更好，所以可以排除A、C选项；D选项不符合题意。因此B选项正确。

23、【试题答案】D

【试题解析】判断推理题。由题干关键词“Newsweekrankings”定位到第三段的第二句话“Newsweekranked165countries”。根据上下文都是讲的排名情况，再由第四段“Canadarankedthirdoverallbut26thinpower”可知是对前文的举例说明，即“Someotherwisehigh-rankingcountrieshadrelativelylowscoresforpoliticalrepresentation”（其他一些排名靠前的国家在政治代表方面的得分相对较低），也就是表明加拿大的女性在政治代表方面的得分较低，因此D选项“她们在政治上的代表不足”符合题意。A、B、C选项与加拿大的情况无关，所以排除。因此D选项正确。

24、【试题答案】B

【试题解析】判断推理题。由题干关键词定位到本文的第四段。根据上下文可知，引用Anne-MarieGoetz的话是为了说明前面的内容，即第四段倒数第二句话“Doesthissuggestthatawomaninanation’stopofficetranslatestobetterlivesforwomeningeneral?Notexactly”（这是否意味着，女性担任国家最高职务就意味着总体上女性的生活会更好？不完全是。）因此B选项“它不能保证这个国家的妇女过上更好的生活”说法正确。其余选项在原文中无相关表述。因此B选项正确。

25、【试题答案】D

【试题解析】判断推理题。由题干关键词“HillaryClinton”定位到第六段第二句话，紧接着第三句话为她的观点即“‘Whenweliberatetheeconomicpotentialofwomen,weelevatetheeconomicperformanceofcommunities,nations,andtheworld,’shesaid…forallpeople”，以上均为maketheworldabetterplace的具体表现，但是总结来说就是D选项“挖掘女性经济潜力”，且tap为harnessing的近义词。A、B、C选项不是HillaryClinton的建议，她的建议主要是在经济领域，所以排除。因此D选项正确。

15.单选题

Ifyougointoagoodlibrary,youwillfindthousandsofbooksonglobalization.Somewilllaudit.Somewillwarnaboutitsdangers.Butthey’llagreethatglobalizationisthechiefprocessdrivingourage.Ourlivesarebeingtransformedbytheincreasingmovementofgoods,peopleandcapitalacrossborders.

Theglobalizationparadigmhasled,inthepoliticalarena,toacertainhistoricalnarrative:therewereoncenation-statesliketheU.S.andtheEuropeanpowers,whoseeconomiescouldbesecuredwithinborders.Butnowcapitalflowsfreely.Technologyhasleveledtheplayingfield.Competitionisglobalandfierce.

NewdynamoslikeIndiaandChinathreatenAmericanDominancethankstotheircheaplaborandmanipulatedcurrencies.Now,everythingismadeabroad.Americanmanufacturingisindecline.Therestoftheeconomyisthreatened.

HillaryClintonsummarizedthenarrativethisweek:“Theycameforthesteelcompaniesandnobodysaidanything.Theycamefortheautocompaniesandnobodysaidanything.Theycamefortheofficecompanies,peoplewhodidwhite-collarjobs,andnoonesaidanything.Andtheycamefortheprofessionaljobsthatcouldbeoutsourced,andnobodysaidanything.”

Theglobalizationparadigmhasturnedouttobeveryconvenientforpoliticians.Itallowsthemtoblameforeignersforeconomicwoes.Itallowsthemtotreateconomicandsocialchangeasagreatmercantilist’scompetition,withvariousteamscompetingforglobalsupremacy,andwithpoliticiansstarringasthecommandinggenerals.

Butthere’saproblemwiththewaytheglobalizationparadigmhasevolved.Itdoesn’treallyexplainmostofwhatishappeningintheworld.

Globalizationisrealandimportant.It’sjustnotthecentralforcedrivingeconomicchange.SomeAmericanshaveseentheirjobshippedoverseas,butglobalcompetitionhasaccountedforasmallshareofjobcreationanddestructionoverthepastfewdecades.Capitaldoesindeedflowaroundtheworld.ButasPankajGhemawatoftheHarvardBusinessSchoolhasobserved,90percentoffixedinvestmentaroundtheworldisdomestic.Companiesopenplantsoverseas,butthat’smainlysotheirproductionfacilitiescanbeclosetolocalmarkets.

Noristheglobalizationparadigmevenaccuratewhenappliedtomanufacturing.InsteadoffleeingtoAsia,U.S.manufacturingoutputisupoverrecentdecades.AsThomasDuesterbergofManufacturersAlliance/MAPI,aresearchfirm,haspointedout,theU.S’sshareofglobalmanufacturingoutputhasactuallyincreasedslightlysince1980.

Thechiefforcereshapingmanufacturingistechnologicalchange(hastenedbycompetitionwithothercompaniesinCanada,Germanyordownthestreet).Thankstoinnovation,manufacturingproductivityhaddoubledovertwodecades.Employersnowrequirefewerbutmorehighlyskilledworkers.TechnologicalchangeaffectsChinajustasitdoestheAmerica.WilliamOverholtoftheRANDCorporationhasnotedthatbetween1994and2004theChineseshed25millionmanufacturingjobs,10timesmorethantheU.S.

Thecentralprocessdrivingthisisnotglobalization.It’stheskillsrevolution.We’removingintoamoredemandingcognitiveage.Inordertosurvive,peoplearecompelledtobecomebetteratabsorbing,processingandcombinginformation.Thisishappeninginlocalizedandglobalizedsectors,anditwouldbehappeningevenifyoutoreupeveryfreetradedealeverinked.

Theglobalizationparadigmemphasizesthefactthatinformationcannowtravel15,000milesinaninstant.Butthemostimportantpartofinformation’sjourneyisthelastfewinches—thespacebetweenaperson’seyesorearsandthevariousregionsofthebrain.Doestheindividualhavethecapacitytounderstandtheinformation?Doesheorshehavethetrainingtoexploitit?Arethereculturalassumptionsthatdistortthewayitisperceived?

Theglobalizationparadigmleadspeopletoseeeconomicdevelopmentasaformofforeignpolicy,asagrandcompetitionbetweennationsandcivilizations.Theseabstractions,called“theChinese”or“theIndians”,aredoingthisorthat.Butthecognitiveageparadigmemphasizespsychology,cultureandpedagogy—thespecificprocessesthatfosterlearning.Itemphasizesthatdifferentsocietiesarebeingstressedinsimilarwaysbyincreaseddemandsonhumancapital.Ifyouunderstandthatyouarelivingatthebeginningofacognitiveage,you’refocusingontherealsourceofprosperityandunderstandthatyouranxietyisnotbeingcausedbyaforeigner.

It’snotthatglobalizationandtheskillsrevolutionarecontradictoryprocesses.Butwhichparadigmyouembracedetermineswhichfactsandremediesyouemphasize.Politicians,especiallyDemocraticones,havefalleninlovewiththeglobalizationparadigm.It’stimetomovebeyondit.

1.Themeaningoftheword“laud”inparagraph1canbestexplainedby____.

2.Inparagraph2,“Technologyhasleveledtheplayingfield.”means____.

3.Accordingtothewriter,____isthecentralforcetobeprosperous.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?

5.Amongthestatementsaboutglobalizationandcognitiveage,whichoneisTRUE?

问题1选项

A.laughat

B.praise

C.objectto

D.agreewith

问题2选项

A.playingfieldsarerankedaccordingtotechnologicallevels

B.technologyisacontributivefactortoplayer’ssuccess

C.technologyisadecisiveelementinglobalcompetition

D.technologyisdestroyingplayingground

问题3选项

A.information

B.globalization

C.economicchange

D.skillsrevolution