考研考博-英语-承德护理职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-承德护理职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

MoreandmoreeducatorsintheU.S.arelookingforglobalopportunitiestoofferthemthecareerandsalarytheyneedalongwiththe（

）ofbeinganeducator.

问题1选项

A.allusion

B.temptation

C.fulfillment

D.prosperity

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。allusion意为“典故，暗指”；temptation意为“诱惑，引诱”；fulfillment意为“完成，满足，实现”；prosperity意为“繁荣”。

句意：越来越多的美国教育工作者正在寻找全球性的机会，为他们提供他们所需要的职业和薪水，以及作为一名教育家的成就感。

2.单选题

Themoreanation'scompanies（）factoriesabroad,thesmallerthatcountry'srecordedexportswillbe.

问题1选项

A.lie

B.locate

C.spot

D.stand

【答案】B

【解析】句意：一个国家的企业在海外设厂越多，该国的出口记录就会越小。locate为及物动词，符合句意。其他选项做及物动词时都和位置没有关系。

3.翻译题

ChinaDreamistheguidingideologyputforwardbyPresidentXiJinping.HebelievesthatitisthegreatestdreamoftheChinesenationinmoderntimes,andstatesthatthedreamcandefinitelyberealizeD.ThecoreobjectiveofChinaDreamistoachievethegreatrejuvenationoftheChinesenation.Tobemorespecific,thatistorealizenationalprosperityandrejuvenation,aswellasthewell-beingofpeople.Anditsfundamentalrequirementistobuildawell-offsocietyinanall-roundway.Onlywhenthecountryisdevelopedcomprehensivelyandscientifically,canindividualsrealizetheirdreams.Similarly,onlywheneveryoneisfullofpassion,canChinaDreambebeautiful.

【答案】中国梦，是习近平主席提出的指导思想。他认为，这是近代以来中华民族最伟大的梦想，这个梦想一定能够实现。中国梦的核心目标是实现中华民族伟大复兴。具体来说，就是要实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。其根本要求是全面建设小康社会。只有国家全面科学发展，个人才能实现自己的梦想。同样，只有每个人都充满激情，中国梦才会美丽。

4.单选题

Abouttwiceeverycentury,oneofthemassivestarsinourgalaxyblowsitselfapartinasupernovaexplosionthatsendsmassivequantitiesofradiationandmatterintospaceandgeneratesshockwavesthatsweepthroughthearmsofthegalaxy.Theshockwavesheattheinterstellargas,evaporatesmallclouds,andcompresslargeronestothepointatwhichtheycollapseundertheirowngravitytoformnewstars.Thegeneralpicturethathasbeendevelopedforthesupernovaexplosionanditsaftermathgoessomethinglikethis.Throughoutitsevolution,astarismuchlikealeakyballoon.Itkeepsitsequilibriumfigurethroughabalanceofinternalpressureagainstthetendencytocollapseunderitsownweight.Thepressureisgeneratedbynuclearreactionsinthecoreofthestarwhichmustcontinuallysupplyenergytobalancetheenergythatleaksoutintheformofradiation.Eventuallythenuclearfuelisexhausted,andthepressuredropsinthecore.Withnothingtoholditup,thematterinthecenterofthestarcollapsesinward,creatinghigherandhigherdensitiesandtemperatures,untilthenucleiandelectronsarefusedintoasuper-denselumpofmatterknownasaneutronstar.

Astheoverlyinglayersraindownonthesurfaceoftheneutronstar,thetemperaturerises,untilwithablindingflashofradiation,thecollapseisreversed.Athermonuclearshockwaverunsthroughthenowexpandingstellarenvelope,fusinglighterelementsintoheavieronesandproducingabrilliantvisualoutburstthatcanbeasintenseasthelightof10billionsuns.Theshellofmatterthrownoffbytheexplosionplowsthroughthesurroundinggas,producinganexpandingbubbleofhotgas,withgastemperaturesinthemillionsofdegrees.ThisgaswillemitmostofitsenergyatX-raywavelengths,soitisnotsurprisingthatX-rayobservatorieshaveprovidedsomeofthemostusefulinsightsintothenatureofthesupernovaphenomenon.MorethantwentysupernovaremnantshavenowbeendetectedinX-raystudies.

Recentdiscoveriesofmeteoriteswithanomalousconcentrationsofcertainisotopesindicatethatasupernovamighthaveprecipitatedthebirthofoursolarsystemmorethanfourandahalfbillionyearsago.AlthoughthecloudthatcollapsedtoformtheSunandtheplanetswascomposedprimarilyofhydrogenandhelium,italsocontainedcarbon,nitrogen,andoxygen,elementsessentialforlifeasweknowit.Elementsheavierthanheliumaremanufactureddeepintheinteriorofstarsandwould,forthemostpart,remainthereifitwerenotforthecataclysmicsupernovaexplosionsthatblowgiantstarsapart.Additionally,supernovasproducecloudsofhigh-energyparticlescalledcosmicrays.Thesehigh-energyparticlescontinuallybombardtheEarthandareresponsibleformanyofthegeneticmutationsthatarethedrivingforceoftheevolutionofspecies.

1.Whichofthefollowingtitlesbestdescribesthecontentofthepassage?

2.Accordingtothepassageaneutronstaris（

）.

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthemeteoritesmentionedbytheauthorinPara.3（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassagewhatisthefirsteventinthesequencethatleadstotheoccurrenceofasupernova?

5.Theauthorimpliesthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.TheOriginsandEffectsofSupernovas

B.ViolentChangeintheUniverse

C.TheAftermathofaSupernova

D.TheOriginsandEvolutionofLifeonEarth

问题2选项

A.agaseouscloudcontainingheavyelements

B.anintermediatestagebetweenanordinarystarandasupernova

C.thecoreofanordinarystarthathousesthethermonuclearreactions

D.oneofbillionsofmeteorsthatarescatteredacrossthegalaxybyasupernova

问题3选项

A.containdangerousconcentrationsofradioactivematerials

B.arelargerthanthemeteorsnormallyfoundinasolarsystemlikeours

C.containpiecesofasupernovathatoccurredseveralbillionyearsago

D.includematerialnotcreatedinthenormaldevelopmentofoursolarsystem

问题4选项

A.AnordinarystarbeginstoemittremendousquantitiesofX-rays.

B.Animbalancebetweenlightandheavyelementscausesanordinarystartocollapse.

C.Acloudofinterstellargasrichincarbon,nitrogen,andoxygen,collapsestoformaneutronsstar.

D.Anordinarystarexhaustsitssupplyofnuclearfuelandbeginstocollapse.

问题5选项

A.lifeonEarthisendangeredbyitsconstantexposuretoradiationforcesthatarereleasedbyasupernova

B.lighterelementsareformedfromheavierelementsduringasupernovaastheheavierelementsaretomapart

C.itissometimeseasiertodetectsupernovasbyobservationoftheX-rayspectrumthanbyobservationofvisiblewavelengthsoflight

D.recentlydiscoveredmeteoritesindicatethatEarthandotherplanetsofoursolarsystemsurvivedtheexplosionofasupernovaseveralbillionyearsago

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.本题要求找到这篇文章最恰当的标题。因为文中没有提到和重点关注地球上的生命，排除D选项“地球上的生命的起源和演化”；supernova作为本文的高频词和关键词确定文章讲的是与超新星有关的内容，故应排除B项“宇宙中的激变”；通过分析文章可知主要是介绍了超新星的起源以及为宇宙所带来的影响，A选项“超新星的起源和影响”作为标题最适合。

2.题目是问中子星的定义。根据第一段中的描述超新星爆炸加热气态云并且压缩体积巨大的气态云形成新的恒星。中间阶段类似漏气的气球，不断产生能量保持内外压力，最终能量耗尽，星体内部塌陷，形成高密度和高温星体，原子和电子融合形成超级物质，就被称为中子星。所以B选项“介于一颗普通恒星与超新星之间的中间阶段”正确。

3.本题是问第三段中作者提到的陨石……。A项意为“包含着危险的有放射性物质的聚集”；B项意为“比在像我们一样的太阳系中发现的流星更大”；C项意为“包含数块在数亿年前就存在的超新星”；D项意为“不包括在我们的太阳系的发展中创造出的物质”。根据最后一段第一句Recentdiscoveriesofmeteoriteswithanomalousconcentrationsofcertainisotopesindicatethatasupernovamighthaveprecipitatedthebirthofoursolarsystemmorethanfourandahalfbillionyearsago.最近关于陨石的发现包括有某些异常的核素的聚集表明了一个超新星可能比我们太阳系产生的时间早45亿年时间。确定C选项“包含数块在数亿年前就存在的超新星”正确。

4.本题是问导致超新星存在的第一个首要的事件是什么。根据第一段的描述：在每一百年中有两次银河系中的大质量的恒星就会在超新星爆炸中将自己分解并发射大量的辐射物质并进入太空生成冲击波而席卷整个银河系。这种星级气体加热激波，蒸发了小云朵，并压缩较大的一些到达在自身引力作用下的爆发点最终形成新的恒星，最终会形成中子星。所以D选项“一颗普通的恒星耗尽供应的核燃料并开始爆炸”是第一个发生的事件。

5.由第二段中的内容soitisnotsurprisingthatX-rayobservatorieshaveprovidedsomeofthemostusefulinsightsintothenatureofthesupernovaphenomenon.因此，x射线天文台对超新星现象的本质提供了一些最有用的洞见也就不足为奇了。确定C选项“有时候通过观察X射线光谱来探测超新星比通过观察可见光波段来探测更容易”正确。

5.单选题

Fordecades,arms-controltalkscenteredonnuclearweapons.Thisishardlysurprising,sinceasinglenuclearbombcandestroyanentirecity.Yet,unlikesmallerarms,theseimmenselypowerfulweaponshavenotbeenusedinwarinover50years.

HistorianJohnKeeganwrites:“Nuclearweaponshave,sinceAugust9,1945,killednoone.The50,000,000whohavediedinwarsincethatdatehaveforthemostpart,beenkilledbycheap,mass-producedweaponsandsmallammunition,costinglittlemorethanthetransistorradioswhichhavefloodedtheworldinthesameperiod.Becausesmallweaponshavedisruptedlifeverylittleintheadvancedworld,outsidetherestrictedlocalitieswheredrug-dealingandpoliticalterrorismflourish,thepopulationsoftherichstateshavebeenslowtorecognizethehorrorthatthispollutionhasbroughtinitstrain.

Whyhavesmallarmsbecometheweaponsofchoiceinrecentwars?Partofthereasonliesintherelationshipbetweenconflictandpoverty.Mostofthewarsfoughtduringthe1990stookplaceincountriesthatarepoor—toopoortobuysophisticatedweaponsystems.Smallarmsandlightweaponsareabargain.Forexample,50milliondollars,whichisapproximatelythecostofasinglemodernjetfighter,canequipanarmywith200,000assaultrifles.

Anotherreasonwhysmallweaponsaresopopularisthattheyarelethal.Asinglerapid-fireassaultriflecanfirehundredsofroundsaminute.Theyarealsoeasytouseandmaintain.Achildoftencanbetaughttostripandreassembleatypicalassaultrifle.Achildcanalsoquicklylearntoaimandfirethatrifleintoacrowdofpeople.

Theglobaltrafficingunsiscomplex.Theillegaltradeofsmallarmsisbig.InsomeAfricanwars,paramilitarygroupshaveboughtbillionsofdollars’worthofsmallarmsandlightweapons,notwithmoney,butwithdiamondsseizedfromdiamond-miningareas.

Weaponsarealsolinkedtotheillegaltradeindrugs.Itisnotunusualforcriminalorganizationstousethesameroutestosmuggledrugsinonedirectionandtosmugglegunsintheother.

1.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat______.

2.Theadvancedworldneglecttheproblemsofsmallarmsbecause______.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasthereasonfortheprevalenceofsmallarms?

4.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat______.

5.Thebesttitleforthispassageis______.

问题1选项

A.thenucleararms-controltalkscanneverreachanagreement

B.smallarms-controlismoreimportantthannucleararms-control

C.thepowerofnuclearweaponstokillpeoplehasbeendiminished

D.nuclearweaponswerethetopicofarms-controltalks50yearsago

问题2选项

A.theyhavetodealwithdrug-dealingandpoliticalterrorism

B.theyhavenosuchproblemsasarecausedbysmallweapons

C.theyfaceothermoreimportantproblemssuchaspollution

D.theyhavenotrecognizedtheseriousnessoftheproblemsintime

问题3选项

A.Smallarmsarecheap.

B.Smallarmsarepowerful.

C.Smallarmsareeasiertouse.

D.Smallarmsareeasiertoget.

问题4选项

A.smallarmsarenotexpensiveintheblack-market

B.itisunfairtoexchangesmallarmsfordiamond

C.criminalsusethesamepassagetosmuggledrugsandsmallarms

D.wheretherearedrugs,therearesmallarms

问题5选项

A.SmallArmsTalks,NotNuclearArmsTalks

B.NeglectofSmallArmsControl

C.GlobalTrafficinSmallArms

D.SmallArms,BigProblems

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.由题干可以定位到文章第二段第一、二句Nuclearweaponshave,sinceAugust9,1945,killednoone.The50,000,000whohavediedinwarsincethatdatehaveforthemostpart,beenkilledbycheap,mass-producedweaponsandsmallammunition（自1985年8月9日以来，没有一个人死于核武器。而在这一时期却有5000万人死于廉价的、大规模生产的武器和小型爆炸物），说明小型武器的滥用已经造成了比核武器还严重的后果，应该重视小型武器的控制。因此B选项“小型武器控制比核武器控制更重要”正确。A选项“核武器控制谈判不可能达成协议”，C选项“核武器的杀伤力已经减弱了”，D选项“核武器是50年前军控谈判的主题”在文中均没有提及，所以A,C,D错误。

2.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第三句Becausesmallweaponshavedisruptedlifeverylittleintheadvancedworld,outsidetherestrictedlocalitieswheredrug-dealingandpoliticalterrorismflourish,thepopulationsoftherichstateshavebeenslowtorecognizethehorrorthatthispollutionhasbroughtinitstrain.（由于小型武器对发达世界的国家影响很小，毒品交易和政治恐怖盛行的地方在他们生活的圈子之外，因此富国的人们很难意识到小型武器泛滥所带来的严重性。），说明先进国家的人们没有及时地意识到小型武器问题的严重性。因此D选项“他们没有及时认识到这些问题的严重性”正确。A选项“他们要处理毒品交易和政治恐怖主义问题”，由原文可知，他们的生活圈子中没有毒品交易和政治恐怖主义，所以A错误。B选项“他们没有由小武器引起的这种问题”，C选项“他们面临其他更重要的问题，如污染”在文中没有提及，所以B,C错误。

3.客观细节题。A选项“小型武器很便宜”，由原文Smallarmsandlightweaponsareabargain.（小型武器和轻武器很便宜。）可知，A属于小型武器盛行的原因，排除A。B选项“小型武器有威力”，由原文Anotherreasonwhysmallweaponsaresopopularisthattheyarelethal.（小型武器如此流行的另一个原因是它们是致命的。）可知，B属于小型武器盛行的原因，排除B。C选项“小武器更容易使用”，由原文Theyarealsoeasytouseandmaintain.（它们也易于使用和维护。）可知，C属于小型武器盛行的原因，排除C。D选项“小型武器更容易得到”在文中没有提及，因此本题选D。

4.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段第二句Itisnotunusualforcriminalorganizationstousethesameroutestosmuggledrugsinonedirectionandtosmugglegunsintheother.（通常犯罪组织利用同一渠道一个方向走私毒品另一方向走私枪支。），说明犯罪组织利用同一渠道走私毒品和枪支。因此C选项“犯罪分子利用同一渠道走私毒品和小型武器”正确。A选项“小型武器在黑市上并不昂贵”，原文没有说小型武器在黑市上的价格，所以A错误。B选项“用小型武器换钻石是不公平的”，原文只介绍了用钻石购买小型武器的事件，没有评价其是否公平，所以B错误。D选项“有毒品的地方就有小型武器”，原文只提到利用同一渠道走私毒品和小型武器，没有说两者必然同时存在，所以D错误。

5.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章阐述了小型武器给社会带来的极大危害，造成了大量人民生命财产的损失。因此D选项“小武器，大问题”最适合作为文章标题。A选项“小型武器谈判，而不是核军备谈判”，B选项“对小型武器控制的忽视”，C选项“小型武器的全球交易”只是文章的一个方面，不能全面地概括文章的内容，所以A,B,C错误。

6.单选题

Ihaveneverlaid（）tobeinganexpertinthisfield.

问题1选项

A.reclaim

B.exclamation

C.affirmation

D.claim

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。layclaimto“声称……的权力，自称有知识等”。句意：我从不认为自己是这个领域的专家。结合句意，故D为正确答案。

7.单选题

I’vebeenwritingformostofmylife.ThebookWritingWithoutTeachersintroducedmetoonedistinctionandonepracticethathashelpedmywritingprocessestremendously.Thedistinctionisbetweenthecreativemindandthecriticalmind.Whileyouneedtoemploybothtogettoafinishedresult,theycannotworkinparallelnomatterhowmuchwemightliketothinkso.

Tryingtocriticizewritingontheflyispossiblythesinglegreatestbarriertowritingthatmostofusencounter—Ifyouarelisteningtothat5thgradeEnglishteachercorrectyourgrammarwhileyouaretryingtocaptureafleeting(稍纵即逝的)thought,thethoughtwilldie.Ifyoucapturethefleetingthoughtandsimplyshareitwiththeworldinrawform,nooneislikelytounderstand.Youmustlearntocreatefirstandthencriticizeifyouwanttomakewritingthetoolforthinkingthatitis.

ThepracticethatcanhelpyoupastyourlearnedbadhabitsoftryingtoeditasyouwriteiswhatElbowcalls“freewriting”.Infreewriting,theobjectiveistogetwordsdownonpapernon-stop,usuallyfor15-20minutes.Nostopping,nogoingback,nocriticizing.Thegoalistogetthewordsflowing.Asthewordsbegintoflow,theideaswillcomeoutfromtheshadowsandletthemselvesbecapturedonyournotepadoryourscreen.

Nowyouhaverawmaterialsthatyoucanbegintoworkwithusingthecriticalmindthatyou’vepersuadedtositonthesideandwatchquietly.Mostlikely,youwillbelievethatthiswilltakemoretimethanyouactuallyhaveandyouwillendupstaringblanklyatthepageasthedeadlinedrawsnear.

Insteadofstaringatablankscreenstartfillingitwithwordsnomatterhowbad.Halfwaythroughyouravailabletime,stopandreworkyourrawwritingintosomethingclosertofinishedproduct.Movebackandforthuntilyourunoutoftimeandthefinalresultwillmostlikelybefarbetterthanyourcurrentpractices.

1.Whentheauthorsaysthecreativemindandthecriticalmind“cannotworkinparallel”(Line4Para.1)inthewritingprocess,hemeans（）.

2.Whatpreventspeoplefromwritingonis（）.

3.Whatisthechiefobjectiveofthefirststagewriting?

4.Onecommonconcernofwritersabout“freewriting”isthat（）.

5.Inwhatwaydoesthecriticalmindhelpthewriterinthewritingprocess?

问题1选项

A.noonecanbebothcreativeandcritical

B.theycannotberegardedasequallyimportant

C.theyareinconstantconflictwitheachother

D.onecannotusethematthesametime

问题2选项

A.puttingtheirideasinrawform

B.attemptingtoeditastheywrite

C.ignoringgrammaticalsoundness

D.tryingtocapturefleetingthoughts

问题3选项

A.Toorganizeone’sthoughtslogically

B.Tochooseanappropriatetopic

C.Togetone’sideasdown.

D.Tocollectrawmaterials

问题4选项

A.itoverstressestheroleofthecreativemind

B.ittakestoomuchtimetoeditafterwards

C.itmaybringabouttoomuchcriticism

D.itdoesnothelpthemtothinkclearly

问题5选项

A.Itrefineshiswritingintobettershape

B.Ithelpshimtocomeupwithnewideas.

C.Itsavesthewritingtimeavailabletohim

D.Itallowshimtositonthesideandobserve

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第二段最后一句“Youmustlearntocreatefirstandthencriticizeifyouwanttomakewritingthetoolforthinkingthatitis.”如果你想让写作成为思考的工具，你必须先学会创作，然后再修改。所以作者说二者不能并行的意思是不能同时使用，选项D正确。

2.细节事实题。根据第二段第一句“Tryingtocriticizewritingontheflyispossiblythesinglegreatestbarriertowritingthatmostofusencounter”在飞快的写作过程中修改可能是我们大多数人遇到的最大障碍。选项B符合原文。

3.细节事实题。根据第三段最后一句“Asthewordsbegintoflow,theideaswillcomeoutfromtheshadowsandletthemselvesbecapturedonyournotepadoryourscreen.”当文字开始流畅起来时，想法也会从阴影中浮现出来，并呈现于记事本或屏幕上。由此可知，第一步写作的主要目的是将想法记录下来，选项C符合原文。

4.推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Mostlikely,youwillbelievethatthiswilltakemoretimethanyouactuallyhaveandyouwillendupstaringblanklyatthepageasthedeadlinedrawsnear.”很有可能，你会认为这比你实际拥有的时间要长，而且随着最后期限的临近，你最终会茫然地盯着这一页。由此可推断，对自由写作的担忧是写作的人对自由写作的担忧是之后的编辑时间太长，选项B符合原文。

5.推理判断题。根据第五段的内容，不要盯着空白的屏幕，用文字来填满它，无论这些文字多么糟糕。在你可用的时间的一半，停下来，把你之前的写作重写成更接近成品的东西。反复修改，直到时间耗尽，最终的结果很可能比之前的练习要好得多。由此可知，批判性思维能够帮助写作更加完善。选项A正确。

8.单选题

Governmentreports,examinationcompositions,legaldocumentsandmostbusinesslettersarethemainsituations______formallanguageisused.

问题1选项

A.inwhich

B.onwhich

C.inthat

D.atwhat

【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句。formallanguageisused是用来修饰situations的定语从句，并且是一个完整的句子，可知横线上的部分充当关系副词，根据短语inthesituation可知横线部分表示地点，所以答案选A选项inwhich，B选项onwhich错误。inwhat用法错误，故C选项inwhat错误。atwhat用法错误，D选项atwhat错误。句意：政府报告、考试作文、法律文件和大多数商务信函是使用正式语言的主要情况。因此A选项正确。

9.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingfromEnglishintoChinese.

Wecantakethemysterious,hazyfutureandcarveoutofitanythingthatwecanimagine,

justasasculptorcarvesastatuefromashapelessstone.Weareallinthepositionofthefarmer.Ifweplantagoodseed,wereapagoodharvest.Ifourseedispoorandfullofweeds,wereapauselesscrop.Ifweplantnothingatall,weharvestnothingatall.

Iwantthefuturetobebetterthanthepast.Idon’twantitcontaminatedbythemistakesanderrorswithwhichhistoryisfilled.Weshouldallbeconcernedaboutthefuturebecausethatiswherewewillspendtheremainderofourlives.

Thepastisgoneandstatic.Nothingwecandowillchangeit.Thefutureisbeforeusanddynamic.Everythingwedowillaffectit.Eachdaybringswithitnewfrontiers,inourhomesandinourbusinesses,ifwewillonlyrecognizethem.Wearejustatthebeginningoftheprogressineveryfieldofhumanendeavor.

【答案】我们可以把神秘的、不可知的未来塑造成我们所能想象到的任何东西，就像雕刻家将不成形的石头上雕刻成雕像一样。我们都站在农民的立场。如果我们播下好的种子，我们就会收获好收成。如果我们的种子贫瘠，杂草丛生，我们就会收获无用的庄稼。如果我们什么都不种，我们就什么也收获不了。

我希望未来比过去更美好。我不希望它会被那些充斥在过去中的错误与过失所污染。我们都应该关心未来，因为我们将在未来度过余生。

往昔已逝，静如止水。我们所能做的一切都改变不了它。未来就在我们面前，充满活力。我们所做的每一件都将会影响它。只要我们认识到这些，在我们的家中和在企业中，每一天都会带来新的领域。在人类努力开拓的每一片领域上，我们正处于进步的开端。

10.单选题

OurteamcouldreceivealotofsupportandfundingifwecouldconvinceamajorcompanylikeNIKEorCocaColato（）us.

问题1选项

A.approve

B.endorse

C.oblige

D.comply

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。approve“批准”；endorse“认可；签署”；oblige“迫使；强制”；comply“遵守；顺从”。句意：如果我们能说服像耐克和可口可乐这样的大公司来______我们的话，我们的团队就能得到大量支持和资金。根据句意可知选项B符合题意。

11.单选题

Theimportanceandfocusoftheinterviewintheworkoftheprintandbroadcastjournalistisreflectedinseveralbooksthathavebeenwrittenonthetopic.Mostofthesebooks,aswellasseveralchapters,mainlyin,butnotlimitedto.journalistandbroadcastinghandbooksandreportingtexts,stressthe"howto"aspectsorjournalisticinterviewingratherthantheconceptualaspectsoftheinterview,itscontext,andimplications.Muchofthe"howto"materialisbasedonpersonalexperiencesandgeneralimpressions.Asweknow,injournalismasinotherfields,muchcanbelearnedfromthesystematicstudyofprofessionalpractice.Suchstudybringstogetherevidencefromwhichbroadgeneralizedprinciplescanbedeveloped.

Thereis,ashasbeensuggested,agrowingbodyofresearchliteratureinjournalismandbroadcasting,butverylittlesignificantattentionhasbeendevotedtothestudyoftheinterviewitself.Ontheotherhand,manygeneraltextsaswellasnumerousresearcharticlesoninterviewinginfieldsotherthanjournalismhavebeenwritten.Manyofthesebooksandarticlespresent,thetheoreticalandempiricalaspectsoftheinterviewaswellasthetrainingoftheinterviewers.Unhappily,thisplentifulgeneralliteratureaboutinterviewingpayslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterview.Thefactthatthegeneralliteratureoninterviewingdoesnotdealwiththejournalisticinterviewseemstobesurprisingfortworeasons.First,itseemslikelythatmostpeopleinmodern.Westernsocietiesaremorefamiliar,atleastinapositivemanner,withjournalisticinterviewingthanwithanyotherformofinterviewing.Mostofusareprobablysomewhatfamiliarwiththeclinicalinterview,suchasthatconductedbyphysiciansandpsychologists.Inthesesituationstheprofessionalpersonorinterviewerisinterestedingettinginformationnecessaryforthediagnosisandtreatmentofthepersonseekinghelp.Anotherfamiliarsituationisthejobinterview.However,veryfewofushaveactuallybeeninterviewedpersonallybythemassmedia,particularlybytelevision.Andyet,wehaveavividacquaintancewiththejournalisticinterviewbyvirtueofourrolesasreaders,listeners,andviewers.Evenso,trueunderstandingofthejournalisticinterview,especiallytelevisioninterviews,requiresthoughtfulanalysesandevenstudy,asthisbookindicates.

1.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthat（）

2.Muchresearchhasbeendoneoninterviewsingeneral（）

3.Westernersarefamiliarwiththejournalisticinterview（）

4.Whoistheintervieweeinaclinicinterview?

5.Thepassageismostlikelyapartof（）

问题1选项

A.generalizedprinciplesforjournalisticinterviewsarethechiefconcernforwritersonjournalism

B.conceptsandcontextualimplicationsareofsecondaryimportanceto.journalisticinterviewing

C.importanceshouldbeattachedtothesystematicstudyofjournalisticinterviewing

D.personalexperiencesandgeneralimpressionsshouldbeexcludedfromjournalisticinterviews

问题2选项

A.butjournalisticinterviewingasaspecificfieldhasunfortunatelybeenneglected

B.thoughthestudyoftheinterviewingtechniqueshasn'treceivedmuchattention

C.sothetrainingofjournalisticinterviewershaslikewisebeenstrengthened

D.andtherehasalsobeenadramaticgrowthinthestudyofjournalisticinterviewing

问题3选项

A.butmostofthemwishtostayawayfromit

B.andmanyofthemhopetobeinterviewedsomeday

C.butmostofthemmaynothavebeeninterviewedinperson

D.andmanyofthemwouldliketoacquireatrueunderstandingofit

问题4选项

A.Thepsychologist.

B.Thephysician.

C.Thejournalist.

D.Thepatient.

问题5选项

A.anewsarticle

B.apreface

C.aresearchreport

D.ajournalisticinterview

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:根据第一段的最后两句“Asweknow,injournalismasinotherfields,muchcanbelearnedfromthesystematicstudyofprofessionalpractice.Suchstudybringstogetherevidencefromwhichbroadgeneralizedprinciplescanbedeveloped.”正如我们所知，在新闻领域和在其他领域一样，可以从对专业实践的系统研究中学到很多东西。这样的研究汇集了证据，从中可以发展出广泛而普遍的原则。所以第一段主要是说要重视对新闻采访的系统研究。选项C符合原文。

第2题:根据第二段“Unhappily,thisplentifulgeneralliteratureaboutinterviewingpayslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterview.”不幸的是，大量关于采访的一般文献很少关注新闻采访。选项A符合原文。

第3题:根据第二段“However,veryfewofushaveactuallybeeninterviewedpersonallybythemassmedia,particularlybytelevision.”然而，我们中很少有人真正接受过大众媒体，特别是电视的亲自采访。选项C符合原文。

第4题:根据第二段“Inthesesituationstheprofessionalpersonorinterviewerisint