2023版高考英语一轮总复习高效备考新模式第二部分狠抓基础语法4.冠词课件新人教版

冠词冠词概念：用于名词或“形容词+名词”前帮助说明名词含义的一种虚词知识网络冠词7.

区分a与an:anhour,anhonestboy;ausefulbook,aone-wayticket不定冠词1.

泛指“一个/本/段/张/...”:rentanapartment,foralongtime2.

任一：Ahorseisausefulanimal.3.每一：twiceamonth,write800wordsaday4.说话者不认的“某一”：AMrsGreeniswaitingforyouattheschoolgate.5.

单一：Hedidn’ttellusathingaboutit.6.固定词组：asaresult/whole/rule,makealiving,makeatrip,goonadiet,cometoanend5.

序数词或最高级前:onthesecondfloor,themostoutstandingexamples冠词定冠词1.

特指某(些)人或某(些)事，相当于“这(些)”“那(些)”：thehistoryoftheOlympics2.

谈话双方都明确所指的人或事：Openthedoor,please.3.复指上文已提及的人或事：Hegavemeapen.Thepenisveryexpensive.4.独一无二的事物名词前：theearth,themoon,theworld,theuniveres.冠词9.演奏西洋乐器的乐器名词前：Playthepiano,playtheviolin定冠词6.普通名词构成的专有名词前：theUnitedNations,theYellowRiver,theParty7.

在姓氏复数前表示某某夫妇或一家人：theGreens;theBakers8.

与某些形容词连用表示一类人：thepoor=poorpeople,therich,thesick,thewounded13.固定词组和句型：inthecity,inthecountryside,one…theother;themore…themore,atthesametime冠词定冠词10.中国传统节日前：thespringFestival,theMid-AutumnFestival,theDragonBoatFestival.11.

方向方位名词前：intheeast,ontheright12.

打/抓/拍某人的某个部位：hitsbintheface;takesbbythearm,touchsbontheshoulder3.表示一日三餐的名词前：havebreakfast,havelunch,havedinner,havesupper,havebrunch冠词零冠词1.季节、月份、星期几、非中国传统节日：inSpring/July,onMonday,atChristmas2.不可数名词或复数可数名词表示泛指时：Wateriscomposedofhydrogenandoxygen./Bookaremybestfriends.6.某些建筑或家具指其用途时：gotobed/school/church/prison,beinhospital,attable冠词零冠词4.语言、学科、运动或游戏名词前：learnEnglish,playfootball,playhide-and-seek5.专有名词前：LondonisthecapitalofEngland7.做表语、补语或同位语的唯一职位名词前：WeelectedTommonitorofourclass8.by+交通工具：bybus/bike/plane/ship/boat/taxi/subway/train;byland/air/sea冠词零冠词atfirst,atlast,atonce,atdusk,atdawn,atnoon,atnight,atpeace/war,atrisk,atrandom

indetail,invain,inadvance,introuble,infact,inparticular,ingeneral,inconclusion,inneedondisplay,onpurpose,afterschool,aftergraduation;bymistake,bychance;underattack9.固定词组：考点考法Thisisoneof_____mostvividcartoonsIhaveeverseen.填空Shewasasuccessas___actress.“形容词+名词”前名词前Hehasbeendivinginto_____historyofChineseliterature.

Drinkingplays____importantroleinChinesebanquets(宴请).

ananthethe语法填空在空白处填入1个适当的单词。1.(2021全国甲卷)Ittookusabout3hourstogoall____

wayaroundtheXi’anCityWall.2.(2021全国乙卷)Dueto_____growingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypesoftripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.the真题回顾特指与环境相关的冒险旅行的受欢迎度，用定冠词the。特指沿着西安城墙的这条路，用定冠词the。thea因must表示“必须做的事”时为可数名词，此处表示泛指，用不定冠词a。3.(2021全国新高考Ⅰ卷)Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanis____musttovisit!因arangeof

(一系列；一套)为固定搭配。a4.(2020新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Eachvolumeinthesetexplores____widerangeofmaterial,

explainsthebasicconceptsofmajorapplicationsofdigitalsystems,anddiscussestheinfluencestheyhaveoneverydaylife.5.(2020全国Ⅱ卷)Theplumtreesare_____firsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting(融化).6.(2019全国Ⅰ卷)Of_____nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,sixarestable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.thethe此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。在序数词/最高级前用定冠词the。7.(2019全国Ⅱ卷)Whenwegotacallsayingshewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwas_____joke.8.(2018全国Ⅱ卷)Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover_______past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.thea表示特指一段时间，意为“过去的25年间”，故用定冠词the。表示泛指“一个”玩笑，应用不定冠词a。9.(2018全国Ⅲ卷)

Unexpectedly,I’mface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat_____topofherlungs.10.(2017全国Ⅰ卷)

As____result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.athe因asaresult(结果)是固定词组。因atthetopofone’slungs为固定搭配，意为“用某人最大的声音”。11.(2017全国Ⅲ卷)Instead,sheisearning￡6,500adayas___modelinNewYork.

12.(2015全国Ⅱ卷)Theadobedwellings(土坯房)areadmiredbyeven______mostmodernarchitectsandengineers.thea在最高级前用定冠词the。表示职业或身份的单数可数名词前习惯上用不定冠词。考情：冠词是高考每年必考的考点，就近六年高考来说，已考查的有：1.定冠词和不定冠词的一般用法。即定冠词表示特指，相当于“这；那；这些；那些”；不定冠词表示泛指，相当于“一(个，段，座等)”。2.在最高级前、序数词前、独一无二的事物名词前等要用定冠词。3.含定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词的固定短语或习惯搭配。解法：冠词用于名词或“形容词+名词”前。因此，在语法填空中，如果空格设在名词或“形容词+名词”前，一般填冠词，如上述第1、2、3、4、7、9、11题。语法填空在空白处填入1个适当的单词。1._____numberoftimesupcyclinghasbeenlookedupontheCambridgeDictionarywebsitehasrisenby181%sinceDecemberof2011.The模拟操练作者应是表达“剑桥词典网站里，upcycling被查阅的次数上升了”，表示“……的数量”是thenumberof…。顺便提提，该短语作主语时，与单数动词连用，本句中hasrisen就是单数动词。2.Thismouth-burningandtongue-numbinghotpothasbeengaining_____largeamountofattentioninrecentyearsinforeigncountries.3.As____resultofhisefforts,Chang-anbecamethestartingplaceoftheSilkRoad,anetworkoftradingroutesthatwentallthewaytotheRomanEmpire.a因alargeamountof为固定搭配，意为“大量的”。a因asaresultof为固定搭配，意为“由于……”。4.Theartistwantedtoshowtheendofanera(时代).Thetimeofthebeautiful,

oldsailingshipsiscomingto____end.5.Theydiscoveredthatsingingingroupsplayed____importantpartinhelpingpeoplerecoverfrommentalillness.an因cometoanend(结束)是固定词组。an因playanimportantpartin(在……中发挥重要作用)为固定搭配。6.…peoplecelebratehisspiritsbyshowinggoodwillandgiving____helpinghandtoothers.7.But

the

increasing

numberofpeopletravellingtotheendsoftheEarthcanhave____negativeeffectonfragileecosystems(生态系统).Shouldtouristsbeallowedtovisitpolarregions?a因giveahelpinghand(伸出援助之手)是固定词组。a因haveaneffecton(对……有影响)是固定词组，而effect的修饰语negative的读音是辅音开头，故填a。8.Acouplet(对联)musthavethefollowingfeatures:____numberofcharactersofonelineisequaltothatoftheotherlineandbothlineshavethesamesensegroups.9.Alegendhasitthatat_____endoftheEasternHanDynasty(AD25-220)ZhangZhongjingsavedmanypeopleinHenanProvincefromatyphoidepidemic(伤寒)…aroundStartofWinter.the因thenumberof为固定搭配，意为“……的数目”。the因attheendof(在……的末尾)是固定词组，意为“相传在东汉末年”。句中Alegendhasitthat…是“相传……”的意思。10.

The

Tibetan

antelopes(羚羊)are

listed

inthe“ConventiononInternationalTradeinEndangeredSpeciesofWildFaunaandFlora”asendangered(濒临灭绝的)specieswithapopulationestimatedtobelessthan35,000andstillon_____decline.the因on

the

decline(在减少)是固定词组。

顺便提提，ontheincrease意为“正在增长”。11.Andthemoreweliveinthem,_____morestresswehave…12.SomepeoplethinktheInternetwillcertainlytake_____placeofthetraditionallibrary.thethe因taketheplaceof(代替)是固定词组。因themore…themore…(越……就越……)是固定句式。13.SherememberedthatfrequentlyatbreakshehadtakenDouglas,asmalllonelychildby_____hand.14.TakeHeyteaas_____example.ItwasjustasmallteashoplocatedinasmalllaneinasmallcityofGuangdongProvincein2019.the因takesbbythehand(牵着某人的手)是习惯搭配。an因take…asanexample(以……为例)是固定搭配。15.Iwanttoset_____goodexampletodeafchildren.16.ThefamousLascauxCavesconsistofalargeholeand_____seriesofconnectingcaves,

withanaturalwatersystem.a因setagoodexampletosb(给某人树立一个良好的榜样)是固定表达。a因aseriesof(一系列；一连串；一些)是固定词组。17.InAustralia,whichhasthehighestnumberoffoodadvertisements

in

children’s

television

in

theworld,thereare_____averageof12foodadsperhour.18.TheyconductedatrialacrossChinafromAugust2018toMay2019,covering_____totalof1,369adultsmokers.an因anaverageof(平均有)是习惯表达。a因atotalof(总数为……)是固定词组。19.Thedoctorchangedhismindovernightand,_____nextday,hedecidedtodressthedeepwoundeveryotherdayforthreemonths.20.Iwasdelighted_____otherdaywhenIsawacardleftonthetabletosaythanks.the因thenextday为固定短语，意为“第二天”。the因为theotherday(几天前)是固定词组，且与一般过去时连用。21.Infact,itlookssomuchlikeanelephantthatmanypeoplethinkitmusthavebeenshapedbyhumans.Thatisnot_____case,however.22.…itwasduetoawarmer,wetterclimateandenrichmentfromtheaddedcarbondioxidein_____atmosphere.thethe表示“大气；大气层”习惯上说theatmosphere。表示“实情；事实”习惯上说thecase。23.Fromhispointofview,

theBigBangwasthestartofuniverseanditonlytooklessthanasecond____tohappen.24.Sharedbikesplayapositiveroleinmeeting______public’sneedfor“lastmile”transportationandcreatingalow-carbontransportnetwork.the表示“宇宙；天地万物”习惯上说theuniverse。the表示“公众；民众”习惯上说thepublic。25.HakkaEarthBuilding(客家土楼)…ispraisedasamagnificentarchitecturalworkofvillagehousesin___worldforitslonghistory,uniquestyle,smartstructureandmagnificentscale…the因intheworld(在世界上)为固定词组。句意：它以其悠久的历史、

独特的风格、巧妙的结构和宏大的规模被誉为世界村屋的宏伟建筑作品。26.Recently,anIndianfilm“HindiMedium”hasmade_____hit!a因makeahit(大获成功；轰动一时；给予极其良好的印象)是固定词组。27.InJune,shewasinvitedasanimportantspeakeratthe9thBiennialObesityConference…andwashonoredbytheAmericanHeartAssociationforherworkandeffectsinthehealthcommunityatsuch____earlyage.an因

such后面的单数可数名词前习惯上要用不定冠词，suchanearlyage意为“如此小的年龄”，又如

suchadisaster

(这样的灾难)，suchanintelligentboy这么聪明的孩子。28.Over_____lastseveralcenturies,Beijingresidentshavelikedtoraisepigeonsandletthemsoarthroughtheskyeveryday.the特指在刚刚过去的几个世纪里，故填the。这类短语还有inthepastfewyears,duringthelastfewyears等，建议作为一个整体来掌握。29.ItisalsoaculturalbridgebetweenXishuangbannaandSoutheastAsiancountriesthatshare______samefestival.

30.In____word,Chinaisleadinginmanyways.athe因inaword(总之)是固定词组。因为same习惯上总是与the连用的。31.Afterherpresentation,shewontheopportunitytoexhibitherwork,whichturnedouttobe______greatsuccess.32.Scientistsconsiderthis___remarkableachievement,forheavyliftingequipmentusedinmodernconstructionwasnotavailableatthattime.a虽success作“成功”解是抽象名词，即不可数名词，但意为“成功的人或事”时为可数名词，此处表示“一个”巨大的成功，故填不定冠词a。a泛指“一项”了不起的成就，故填不定冠词a。33.Whensendingmessages,theyoungergenerationtendtobreakuptheirthoughtsbysendingeachoneas_____separatemessage,insteadofusingafullstop.34.Today,they’re____essentialpartofherdailyroutine.a泛指“一条”独立的信息，故填不定冠词a。an泛指必不可少的一部分，又因essential的发音以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。35.KatelynnHardeewasinspiredtosellherbakedgoodsaftersheoverheardastudent’smothertalkingabouthowshecouldn’tafford_______after-schoolprogramforherchild.an泛指“一项”课外活动，又因after的发音以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。36.Released(发布)onAug30,itwasthemost-downloadedfreeappin

Chinaasof

Sept10,

accordingtoApp

Annie,___websitethattracksappdata.a意为“一个追踪应用数据的网站”，表达“一个”用不定冠词。顺便提提，awebsite…是AppAnnie的同位语，起补充说明作用。句中asof意为“截至”。37.Shehastaughtmehowtolive,I’velearnedtoslowdownandseetheworldin____differentway.a因way是可数名词，前面用不定冠词，表示“一种”不同的方式。

另外，inadifferentway(以一种不同的方式)也可作词组来记。38.Seippel’smusicismainlyelectronicandsoundsquitemodern.Butthepipaletshimadd___uniqueelementtohismusic.a句意“但琵琶让他为自己的音乐增添了一种独特的元素”，表示“一种”用不定冠词。

注意：unique的拼写虽以元音字母开头，但读音却以辅音/j/开头，类似的还有ausefulapproach(一种有用的方法),aEuropeanbrand(一个欧洲的品牌)，aone-waystreet

(一条单行道)；相反，也有以辅音字母开头但读音却以元音开头的情况，如：anhour(一小时)，anhonestperson(一个诚实的人)。39.Productslikecars,phones,toastershavetouchedthehandsofoneindustrialdesignertoanother,beenthoughtover,andcreatedsoyoucanhave______bestqualityoflife.40.Theyarebythecoastandknownforhavingsomeof_____sunniestweatherintheUK.the在形容词最高级前用定冠词the。the形容词最高级前要加定冠词the。41.TheStateHermitageMuseuminSt.Petersburgis______secondlargestartmuseumintheworld.42.ThistechniquelaterhelpedcreateDollythesheepin1996,______firstclonedmammalintheworld.the在表顺序的序数词前常加定冠词the。the表顺序的数词前要加the。43.Ifsomethinggoeswrong,NewZealandpeoplearemorelikelytogivepeople_____secondchancesothattheycan

prove

themselvesorshowthatthingscanbedonedifferently.44.______Smithslearnedit’shardtogetstatisticsonlatchkeychildren.Mostparentsareunwillingtoadmittheyleavetheirchildrenalone.a虽然second是序数词，但在此并不表示顺序，而是表示在原基础上增加一次，即表示“再一；又一”时，用不定冠词。The指史密斯夫妇，表示某一家人或夫妇时，用“the+姓氏复数”。45.Duetotheeffortsbythemastersin____ForbiddenCity,