2023版高考英语一轮总复习高效备考新模式第二部分狠抓基础语法9.谓语课件新人教版

谓语目前的状况：Wearestillyoung.我们还年轻。经常或习惯动作：TheyoftengetsomeusefulinformationfromtheInternet.真理或客观存在：Twoheadsarebetterthanone.时间、条件状语从句表将来：Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwon’tgo.动词时态一般时一般现在时用法知识网络构成一般加s：attack,donate,occur,recover,respond,clap,escape,ache,survive以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾加es：focus,fix,crash,flash,establish,approach,attach,go,do辅音字母+y结尾，y→ies：study,carry,fly,worry,apply,fancy特殊变化：have→has,be→am/is/are一般时一般现在时动词时态用法存在的状态：Atthattimehewasyoung.发生的动作:Hecameherethreedaysago.在过去某个时间内经常发生的事：Weoftenwentboatingwhenwewerechildren.时间、条件状语从句表示过去将来：Hetelephonedmetosaythathewouldn’tcomeifitrainedthenextday.在过去确定时间里一般时一般过去时动词时态一般直接加ed：want,work,clean,click,attack,crash,prevent,deliver结尾有e(不发音)只加d：survive,tie,donate,breathe,escape,ache重读闭音节，双写尾字母再加ed：jog,hug,chat,refer,occur,clap辅音字母+y结尾，y→ied：study,marry,apply,fancy构成一般时一般过去时动词时态用法在将来某个时间里会发生的动作或存在的状态：Theguideswillentertainyouwithstories.

begoingto+原形：We’regoingtomeetoutsidetheschoolgate.am/is/are+现在分词：I’mleavingforShanghaitonight.构成一般时一般将来时动词时态构成按时刻表或日程表上将要做的事：Whendoestheplanearrive?beto+原形(公务安排或必须做的事)：HeistovisitJapannextyear.beaboutto+原形(即将)：Thatpackageisabouttocomeunwrapped.(不与时间词连用)一般时一般将来时动词时态用法在过去某个时间看来，将要发生的动作或存在的状态过去将来时

构成would+原形：ShetoldmeshewouldhavetodinewithHelenthatnight.was/were+现在分词：Shetoldmeshewascomingtoseeme.was/weregoingto+原形：Wefocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay.一般时动词时态用法：表示说话时刻或现阶段正在发生的动作构成：am/is/are+现在分词

说话时刻:Don’tmakesomuchnoise.Heissleeping.现阶段：Iamtranslatingabookthesedays.一般加ing：reflect,crash,apply,earn,suffer,prevent,deliver去e加ing：explore,bite,hesitate,breathe,escape,ache双写末字母加ing：quit,permit,chat,refer,occur,clap进行时现在进行时动词时态某时：Iwasdoingmylessonsthistimeyesterday.某阶段：Duringthesummerof2016hewastravellinginChina.构成:was/were+现在分词用法：表示在过去某一时刻或某阶段正在发生的事过去进行时用法：表示在将来某时正在进行的动作：Bythistimetomorrow,I’llbelyingonthebeach.构成：willbe+现在分词

将来进行时进行时动词时态构成:have/has+过去分词表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果。常与already,yet,ever,never,before,just,once,twice,threetimes等连用表示从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到现在并可能继续延续下去的动作或状态。常与“for+时间段”,“since+时间点”，以及in/overthepastfewyears,inthelastthreeyears,sofar,tillnow,uptonow,thesedays等连用Hehasalreadyobtainedascholarship.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyvillagesince1978.用法

完成时现在完成时动词时态

构成:had+过去分词用法表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”表示从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到另一个过去时间的动作或状态WhenIgotthere,thetrainhadalreadyleft.Hesaidhehadworkedinthatfactorysince1949.完成时过去完成时动词时态用法：表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在，并且还要继续下去的动作或状态构成:have/hasbeen+现在分词：Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears.

现在完成完成时完成时动词时态被动语态构成主动语态：主语是动作的执行者。如：WestudyEnglisheveryday.被动语态：主语是动作的承受者。如：Englishisstudiedallovertheworld.be(体现时态)+过去分词概念被动语态时态1.一般现在时构成：am/is/are+过去分词：RiceisgrowninSouthChina.华南地区种植水稻。2.一般过去时构成：was/were+过去分词：Shewasaskedtosingasong.大家要求她唱一支歌。3.一般将来时构成：willbe/goingtobe+过去分词：TheconferencewillbeheldinBeijing.这次会议将在北京举行。被动语态时态4.过去将来时构成：wouldbe+过去分词：Heknewhewouldbepunishedforit.他知道他会为此受到惩罚。5.现在进行时构成：am/is/arebeing+过去分词：Theroadisbeingwidened.马路正在加宽。6.过去进行时构成：was/werebeing+过去分词：Theroadwasbeingrepairedthen.那时正在修路。被动语态时态7.现在完成时

构成：have/hasbeen+过去分词：Alltheticketshavebeensoldout.票已售完。8.过去完成时构成：hadbeen+过去分词：Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.当所有这些都完成后，路面被替换了。9.含情态动词构成：情态动词+be+过去分词：Morespacestationsmaybebuilt.可能建造更多的太空站。表能力“能，会”：Icananswerthequestion.我能回答这个问题。情态动词一般式can/could表请求“能，可以”：Canyouhelpmewithit?能帮我一下吗？表允许“能，可以”：CanIreadyournewspaper?我能看看你的报纸吗？提建议“可以”：YoucanaskMrLiaboutit.这件事你可以问问李先生。表可能性“可能”：Whatcantheybedoing?他们可能在干什么呢?表允许：Youmaycomeifyouwish.你愿意来可以来。表可能：ThiscoatmaybePeter’s.这件大衣可能是彼得的。表祝愿：Mayyousucceed!祝你成功!may/might情态动词一般式表必要“必须”：Imuststudyhard.我必须努力学习。表坚持“偏要，非要”：Mustyoumakesomuchnoise?你就非得弄出这么大声吗?表不可避免“必定会”：Allmenmustdie.人总有一死。表推断“一定，准是”：Youmustbetiredafteryourlongwalk.你走了那么远的路，一定累了。must情态动词一般式在疑问句中征求意见(主语是I,we,he)：Shallhewaitforyououtside?要不要他在外面等你?表示说话者给对方的承诺、决心、警告等：Youshallhaveanewdressforyourbirthday.你生日时会得到一件新裙子。表示强制，意为“必须，应该”：Eachcompetitorshallwearanumber.每个参赛者要戴一个号码。shall情态动词一般式表示责任或义务：Heshouldworkharder.他应该更加努力。表示推断“可能，该”：Heshouldarrivesoon.他可能很快就到了。表示“竟然”：It’sstrangethatheshouldbelate.真奇怪，他竟会迟到。表示不感兴趣、惊讶：HowshouldIknow?

我怎么知道呢?表示“一旦”(条件句)：IfIshouldbefreetomorrow,I’llcome.一旦明天有空，我就来。should情态动词一般式表示愿意：Hewilltakeyouhome.他愿意送你回家。表示请求：Will/Wouldyougowithme?你愿意和我一起去吗?表示真理“总是”：Oilwillfloatonwater.油总是浮在水面上。will/would情态动词一般式表示过去的习惯：Hewouldgetupearlywhenhelivedinthecountry.他住乡下时总是早起。表示要求“一定”：Youwillreporttomeafterwards.你稍后一定要向我报告。表示目前情况的预测“一定，大概”：Thiswillbethehouseyou’relookingfor.这大概就是你要找的房子。will/would情态动词一般式情态动词完成式对过去情况的推测musthavedonesth

一定已经做了某事：Imusthaveforgottentotellyou.我一定是忘记告诉你了。might/mayhavedonesth

可能已经做了某事：Shemayhaveleftyesterday.她可能昨天走了。oughtto/shouldhavedonesth

应当已经做了某事：Heshouldhavefinishedtheworkbynow.cannot/couldn’thavedonesth

不可能做了某事：Theycannothavegoneoutbecausethelightison!can/could+主语+havedonesth

可能做了某事吗？：Themoneyhasdisappeared!Whocouldhavetakenit?情态动词完成式对过去情况的推测情态动词完成式表示轻微的责备或后悔couldhavedone本可以做而实际上未做：Youcouldhavestartedalittleearlier.mighthavedone本可以做而实际上未做：Youmighthavedoneitbetterthatday.needn’thavedone本不必做但却做了：Youneedn’thavesaidthat.oughtto/shouldhavedone本该做而实际上没做：Youshouldhavetoldusearlier.oughtnotto/shouldn’thavedone本不该做而实际上做了：Yououghtn’ttohavespokentoyourteacherlikethat.你本不该那样对你的老师说话的。情态动词完成式表示轻微的责备或后悔谓语动词在人称和数方面要和主语保持一致主谓一致基本概念语法一致主谓一致三个原则概念谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语的单复数保持一致1.谓语与主语的数一致：Wetakeexerciseeveryday./Tomtakesexerciseeveryday.2.主语是“manya/an+单数名词”，谓语用单数：Manyapersonhasreadthenovel.3.主语是“morethan+单数名词”，谓语用单数：Morethanoneteachergetstheflowers.例句4.主语是“neither+单数名词”,谓语用单数：Neitherboyistoblame.5.主语是复合不定代词,谓语用单数：Everythingaroundusismatter.语法一致主谓一致三个原则概念谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语的

单复数保持一致例句意义一致主谓一致三个原则概念谓语动词要和主语在意义上的单复数保

持一致例句1.主语是people,thepolice,cattle等,谓语用复数:Cattleeatgrass.2.主语是family,audience,crew,crowd,class,group,company,committee等时，强调整体是单数，强调各个成员时是复数：Theclasswere/wasinterestedinhislecture.意义一致主谓一致三个原则概念谓语动词要和主语在意义上的单复数保持

一致例句3.主语是“the+形容词或分词”，如therich,thepoor,thedead,theliving,theinjured等表示某一类人时，谓语用复数：Thericharenotalwayshappierthanthepoor.4.主语是theChinese(中国人),theBritish(英国人),theIrish(爱尔兰人)等时，谓语用复数：TheChineseusechopsticksinsteadofknivesandforks.意义一致主谓一致三个原则概念谓语动词要和主语在意义上的单复数

保持一致例句5.主语是表示时间、金钱、重量、长度、价值等的复数名词，通常把它们看作一个整体，谓语用单数：Tenpoundsisenough./Thirtyyearsisn’talongtime.意义一致主谓一致三个原则概念谓语动词要和主语在意义上的单复数保

持一致例句6.主语形式是复数但意义却是单数的news,plastics和表示学科的mathematics,physics,politics等时，谓语用单数：Mathematicsisherfavouritesubject.7.主语是单复数同形的sheep,deer,means,works(工厂),species(种类)等，要与实际意义一致：Everymeanshasbeentried./Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried.就近一致主谓一致三个原则概念谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致Thereisapenandseveralbooksonthedesk.Thereareseveralbooksandapenonthedesk.EitheryouorIamwrong.

Eitheryouorsheiswrong.

3.here,there引导：Hereisapen,afewenvelopsandsomepaperforyou.例句1.Therebe结构2.平行

结构主谓一致12个难点1.动名词、不定式、从句作主语，谓语用单数：

RemeberingEnglishwordsisdifficult./Whathesaysisimportant.

2.eachof+复数名词，谓语动词用单数：Eachofushasanewcomputer.3.either/neitherof+复数名词，谓语动词用单数或

复数：Neitherofthetextsis/areinteresting.4.noneof+不可数名词,谓语动词用单数：Noneofthemoneyhereismine.noneof+复数名词或代词,谓语用单数或复数：Noneofthemspeak(s)English.主谓一致12个难点5.half/most/all/therest/thirtypercent/onethirdof+名词，谓语动词与of后的名词的数保持一致：Therestofthebreadwasthrownaway./Therestoftheeggshavegonebad.6.指同一人、同一物、同一概念的并列结构，谓语动词用单数：Thepoetandwriteriscomingtoourschooltomorrow.7.有no,each,every,manya修饰的并列单数主语，谓语动词用单数形式：Eachboyandeachgirlhasabeautifuldream.主谓一致12个难点8.oneof+复数名词+who....谓语动词用复数：Sheisoneofthestudentswhohavepassedtheexam.theonlyoneof+复数名词+who...谓语动词用单数：Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohaspassedtheexam.9.anumberof+复数名词，谓语动词用复数:AnumberofforeignersareworkinginChina.thenumberof+复数名词，谓语动词用单数：Thenumberofforeignvisitorsisincreasing.主谓一致12个难点10.aquantityof+名词，谓语与所接名词的数一致：Alargequantityofnutsareonthetable.quantitiesof+名词，谓语一律用复数：Largequantitiesoffuelareusedbymodernindustry.11.A+with/togetherwith/alongwith/like/except/but/nolessthan/aswellas+B,谓语与A一致：Theteacher,togetherwithsomestudents,hasgonetoanursinghome.12.all指theonlything或everything时,是单数：AllIwantispeaceandquiet.现在：IfIwereyou,Ishouldtakemytime.过去：Ifhehadworkedhard,hewouldhavesucceeded.将来：Ifitrained/weretorain/shouldraintomorrow,thesportsmeetwouldbeputoff.虚拟语气用过去式表示If引导的虚拟条件句虚拟语气用过去式表示含蓄虚拟条件句Withoutair,noonecouldlive./Butforhispension,hewouldstarve.It’sluckythatheboundedaway,otherwisehewouldhavebeenhurt.Ifithadn’tbeenforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavemadesomuchprogress.Ifitwere/Wereitnotforyourhelp,Iwouldstillbehomeless.错综时间条件句

Youwouldbemuchbetternowifyouhadtakenmyadvice.现在:IwishIhadahouseinGuangzhou,butIcan’taffordone.过去:IwishIhadn’twastedsomuchtime.将来:Iwishhecouldcometomorrow.虚拟语气用过去式表示wish后的宾语从句现在：IfonlyIwererich.过去：IfonlyIhadlistenedtoyouradvice!将来：Ifonlyitwouldstoprainingsoon.ifonly后的句子虚拟语气用过去式表示wouldrather后的句子现在：I’dratheryouwerehappy.过去：I’dratheryouhadn’tsaidthat.将来：IwouldratheryoucamenextSunday.asif/though后的句子现在：MrLitreatsmeasifIwerehisownson.过去：Hebehavednaturallyasifnothinghadhappened.将来：Itisn’tasifyouweregoingawayforever.虚拟语气用(should+)动词原形表示一个坚持Heinsistedthatwe(should)acceptthesegifts.(坚持要)比较：Sheinsistedthathewaswrong.(坚持认为)两个命令Themayororderedthatfreefoodbedistributed.Hecommandedthatthesoldiersattackatonce.Irecommendedthathe(should)consultalawyer.Thedoctoradvisedthathechangehisjob.Thedentistsuggestedthatshe(should)comeanotherday.比较：Alltheevidencesuggeststhathestolethemoney.(表明)三个建议虚拟语气用(should+)动词原形表示四个要求虚拟语气用(should+)动词原形表示Sheaskedthatshe(should)bekeptinformedofdevelopment.Werequestedthatthenextmeeting(should)beheldonFriday.Thesituationrequiredthathe(should)bepresent.ThebossdemandedthatMary(should)finishitwithinaweek.主语从句中虚拟语气用(should+)动词原形表示Itisnecessarythathe(should)cometotheoffice.It’snaturalthatyoushouldbenervous.Itisvitallyimportantthattheyreceiveallthehelpavailable.时状明示

Since2011,thecountry___________(grow)morecornthanrice.前后一致

WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustglad...,thehugeanimal_______(mean)menorealharm.时态谓语的考点及考法Ⅰhasgrownmeant主谓一致

Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow____(be)oftenacceptable.并列一致

Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand______(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.(were与would并列)iswerebemade谓语的考点及考法Ⅰ语态主谓一致

Sarah_________________________(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snewsupermodel,earningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.情后原形

Trulyelegantchopsticksmight_________(make)ofgoldandsilver.wastold/hasbeentold语法填空

在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.(2021全国甲卷)It(TheXi’anCityWall)__________(build)originallytoprotectthecityintheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修复).wasbuilt真题回顾因主语It(TheXi’anCityWall)与build是被动关系，故用被动语态；又由后文的the

Tangdynasty可知，用一般过去时，故填wasbuilt。2.(2021全国甲卷)We_______(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshakybutdidthejob.3.(2021全国新高考Ⅰ卷)Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit_____(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.hired结合上下文的时态可知，此处用一般过去时。was由then可知，此处应用一般过去时，表示过去的人搬石头做台阶很艰难。4.(2021全国新高考Ⅱ卷)Ikeptgoing.

WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic,I’dsendanemail.OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto______(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.5.(2020全国Ⅰ卷)TheunmannedChang’e-4probe(探测器)—thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess—_______(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.was结合上文的时态可知，此处用一般过去时，又因主语companies被oneof修饰，故用单数形式。touched由时间状语lastweek可知，应用一般过去时。6.(2020全国Ⅰ卷)

“Thisreallyexcitesscientists,”CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,“becauseit______(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon______________(construct).”means结合语境和上文的Thisreallyexcitesscientists可知，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；且主语为it，为第三人称单数，故填means；isconstructed此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，从句主语themoon和construct之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且themoon为单数，谓语应用第三人称单数形式，故填isconstructed。7.(2020全国Ⅱ卷)

Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers________(carry)specialsignificance.carries此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；从句的主语为动名词短语decoratingwithplants,

fruitsandflowers，谓语应用第三人称单数形式，故填carries。8.(2020全国Ⅲ卷)Theartistwassurehewould__________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.bechosen从句主语he和choose之间为被动关系，且位于情态动词would后，故填bechosen。9.(2020全国Ⅲ卷)Whenheaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(传奇的)artist,theysmiledand_________(point)downtheriver.10.(2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,_________(form)thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseumwhichopenedin1759.pointed根据上文谓语动词的时态，且设空处与and前的smiled并列，可知用一般过去时。formed根据上下文谓语动词的时态可知，应用一般过去时。11.(2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic___________(call)

galleriesorrooms.arecalled主语parts为可数名词复数，与call之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；且此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填arecalled。12.(2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷)

Often,onlyasmallpartofamuseum’scollection____(be)

ondisplay.is此处陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；“apartof+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于of后的名词是单数还是复数，由collection为单数可知，谓语动词应用单数形式，故填is。13.(2020新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Becausethenumberofpossibletopics____(be)

practicallylimitless,wefocusonasampleofthemostinterestingandusefulapplicationsandtoolsandexplainthebasicprinciplesoftechnology.isthenumberof(……的数目)后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数。根据下文谓语动词的时态可知，用一般现在时，故填is。14.(2020新高考全国Ⅱ卷)…wefocusonasampleofthemostinterestingandusefulapplicationsandtoolsandexplainthebasicprinciplesoftechnology.

Readers__________________(encourage)

tocontinueexploringthedigitalworldwiththeguidanceofourFurtherResourcessectionfeaturedineachvolume.areencouraged主语Readers与encourage之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。根据上文谓语动词的时态可知，用一般现在时，故填areencouraged。15.(2019全国Ⅰ卷)InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut______________(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements.16.(2019全国Ⅱ卷)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene_________(declare)shehadnoplanstoretirefromher36-year-oldbusiness.Irenesaid…havereported由时间状语inrecentyears可知，此处用现在完成时态，故填havereported。declared由后文的had和said可知，本句应用一般过去时，故填declared。17.(2019全国Ⅱ卷)Irenesaid,

“Idon’tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI__________(make)overtheyears…”18.(2019全国Ⅲ卷)Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand______________(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.havemade由时间状语overtheyears可知，此处应用现在完成时态，故填havemade。recommended因and连接两个并列谓语动词，时态应保持一致，故填recommended。19.(2018全国Ⅱ卷)

Since2011,

thecountry___________(grow)

morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentoverthepast25years.hasgrown由Since2011可知此处语境表示的是从过去的某个时间(2011年)开始，一直持续到现在的动作，强调对现在造成的影响或结果(玉米种植量比水稻多)，故用现在完成时，且主语country是单数名词，故用hasgrown。20.(2018全国Ⅲ卷)WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofindthemalive.Truetoagorilla’sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal______(mean)menorealharm.meant由frightened和was可知，mean也用一般过去式，故填meant。21.(2017全国Ⅱ卷)

Steamengines____________(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeenfairlyunpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccess…wereused因Steamengines与use是被动关系，又是过去的动作，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填wereused。22.(2017全国Ⅲ卷)

Sarah______________________(tell)that

she

could

be

Britain’snewsupermodel,

earningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.

HerfatherPeter,44,wantshertogiveupschooltomodelfull-time.hasbeentold/wastold由tellsbsth可知要用被动语态，由语境可知，应是“已有人告诉她”或“曾有人告诉她”，故用现在完成时或一般过去时的被动语态。23.(2016全国Ⅱ卷)Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow____(be)oftenacceptable.24.(2016全国Ⅲ卷)

Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand________(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.is动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。were因be与wouldremind并列，根据并列一致原则，be也用过去式；又因主语knives是复数，故填were。25.(2015全国Ⅰ卷)Yangshuo____(be)reallybeautiful.AstudyoftravelersconductedbythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.is指目前的状态或客观存在的状态，用一般现在时，下句谓语动词names是一般现在时，也有提示作用；主语

Yangshuo是第三人称单数，故填is。考情：谓语在高考中不但每年必考而且是考查的重点，考1~2题。主要考查：(1)动词时态，主要是上下文时态一致和并列一致；(2)被动语态；(3)主谓一致。解法：1.要弄清全文是叙述过去发生了的事还是客观地讲述目前的情况，特别留意上下文的时态，因为上下文时态一致是考查的重点，并列一致一定要弄清跟谁并列。2.要分析主语与谓语动词之间是主动关系还是被动关系。被动语态一定是“助动词be+过去分词”；主动语态，若是行为动词且不是进行时，不能用be。3.主谓一致主要是找准主语。语法填空

在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.Thosewho__________(express)themselvesinamorerealway—oratleastpresentedthemselvesonFacebookinawayclosertohowtheyviewedthemselves…expressed模拟操练作定语从句的谓语，由or后面的谓语presented可知，用一般过去时。动词时态2.Withtheculturalexchangesamongdifferentcountriesallovertheworld,theyalso________(begin)tospreadtoVietnam,Japan,andSingaporeinthe20thcentury.3.AntForest,agreenprojectbytheworld’sleadingpaymentandlifestyleplatformAlipay,_________(receive)the“U.N.ChampionsoftheEarth”awardinSeptember,2019.began由inthe20thcentury可知，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。received由时间状语inSeptember,2019可知，要用一般过去时。4.Once,she________________(wonder)howtocompleteascenesetinancientChinawhenthedoorbellsuddenlyrang.waswondering因“was/weredoingsthwhen…”

是固定句型，表示“正在做某事突然……”。5.TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)isanessentialpartofChina.OriginatingintheZhouDynastyandsymbolizedbytheInnerCanonoftheYellowEmperor,TCM________

_________(save)livesandcuringdiseasesasthe

“nationalmedicine”forthepasttwothousandyearsorso.saving根据时间状语forthepasttwothousandyearsorso，且中医从过去到现在，至未来都有用于治病，可知需用现在完成进行时，中医是独一无二的，助动词需用第三人称单数has。故填hasbeensaving。hasbeen6.WhenIwenttothetheatre,thereweretwowomenaheadofmeinline.

IheardoneladyaskforaticketforthesamemovieI____________________(see).Iofferedhermyextrafreeticket.wouldsee/wastosee由在排队买票可知，是“将要看的”一部电影，用将来时；由went,heard,offered可知，此事发生在过去，故用过去将来时态。7.Anduptonow,85%ofthestudents____________(join)usandenjoyedthesimplebuteco-friendlylife.

8.Lateron,Imentionedtheincidentofmeetingthechiefbosstomycolleagues.AndIrealizedthatI____________(make)abigfoolofmyself.havejoined由uptonow可知，用现在完成时，主语为85%ofthestudents，故填havejoined。hadmade因“犯错”这个动作发生在realized这个过去动作之前，即过去的过去，因此要用过去完成时态。9.IntheUK,thelawstatesthatridingoneonthepublichighwayorpavement_____________(forbid).isforbidden因ridingoneonthepublichighwayorpavement与forbid为被动关系，且由前面states可知，应用一般现在时，故填isforbidden。被动语态10.Ourplanetisatatippingpoint,

whichmayresultinnaturaldisastersunlessurgentactions__________(take)immediately.11.InthethirdcenturyBC,thefullstop(句号)orperiod__________________(introduce)byGreekliterarycriticAristophanesofByzantium.aretaken主语actions和谓语take之间是被动关系，unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表将来意义。wasintroduced因主语和introduce之间为被动关系，由时间状语InthethirdcenturyBC可知用一般过去时，故填wasintroduced。12.TheGreatExhibition_________(hold)in1851asthefirstexhibitiontoshowcaseindustrialdesignonaninternationalscale(规模),contributingtoAmericanmassproduction.13.Within24hours,hispost_________(read)1.67milliontimes,andmorethan50,000followerssignedthecommitment.washeld因主语TheGreatExhibition与hold之间为被动关系，结合时间状语in1851可知用一般过去时，故填washeld。wasread根据与之并列的signed的时态可知，用一般过去时；又因主语hispost与read之间为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。14.TheBritishbiologistRichardOwenincompletelydescribeditsbodyinpapersthat________________(publish)in1861.werepublished由时间状语in1861可知，用一般过去时，先行词papers和从句谓语publish是被动关系，papers是复数，谓语应用复数形式，故填werepublished。15.Overtheyears,manythings__________________

(add)tothestoryofStNicholas,

changinghimtotheFatherChristmasweknowoftoday.由句中时间状语overtheyears

(多年来)

可知要用现在完成时；且add和主语things之间是被动关系，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态。havebeenadded16.Forcenturies,thissimplecountingdevice(设备)____________________(pass)downthroughdifferentdynastieswithitsoriginaldesignandpurposeactuallyunchanged.beenpassed由Forcenturies可知要用现在完成时；又因simplecountingdevice(算盘)与pass之间为被动关系，故填hasbeenpassed。has17.Kites_________________(fly)inJapanforhundredsofyears.Inthe1100s,kiteswereflowninautumntogivethanksforagoodharvest.havebeenflown由flykites(放风筝)可知，kites与fly是被动关系,用被动语态；再由forhundredsofyears可知用现在完成时态。18.Nearlyeverythingproducedintheworldcould_______(find)onthestreetsofChang’an.19.Histalentcan_________(see)notonlyonthecourt,butalsoinhiswriting.befound因everything与find为被动关系，且could后加动词原形，故填befound。情态动词beseen因主语talent和谓语see是被动关系，前有情态动词can，故填beseen。20.…afineselectionofcreativeculturalproductswill__________(show)attheShanghaiExhibitionCenter.beshown因主语afineselection…与谓语动词show之间是被动关系，且位于will后，故应填beshown。21.…WorldIndustrialDesignDayisaglobaldayofobservance.There______(be)anumberofdifferentactivities

aroundthedesigncommunitytomarkthisday,

includingnetworkingevents,

exhibits,

designcompetitionsandsoon.are因therebe句型遵循就近原则，由主语anumberofdifferentactivities可知，应用复数形式，且由上文可知用一般现在时，故填are。主谓一致22.Wakingupat7inthemorning,

25-year-oldFanYupeicleansup,watersflowersinthecourtyard,

andthen_______(open)thedoorofherJunporcelain(钧瓷)productionstudio,readyforanewday’sbusiness.opens由and前面并列的cleans和waters，以及主语FanYupei为第三人称单数可知，应用一般现在时。23.Inthebeginningofthepoem,thepoetlooksathiszitherandrecallsthedeathofhisbelovedwife.Thebignumberofstrings_____(be)mentionedtoshowhisfeeling.is因thebignumberof+可数名词复数作主语，谓语动词用单数，又由上文谓语动词时态可知，用一般现在时，故填is。24.Here,

AlipayAntForestshowsthatitispossibletorelyondigitaltechnologyforabetterandgreenerfuture.Severalmoreinitiatives_____(be)underwaytowardsasustainablefutureoftheplanet.are由上文谓语动词的时态可知，用一般现在时，主语是initiatives，故填are。25.InEnglish,“calligraphy”literally________(mean)“beautifulwriting”.ItisawrittenformthatunitesthelanguagesspokeninChina.means根据下文谓语动词的时态可知，用一般现在时，主语是calligraphy，为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填means。26.Inthepast,smokesignals___________(use),buttheymustbeappliedinanareawheretheycouldbereceived.wereused因主语smokesignals与动词use之间是被动关系；又由Inthepast可知，应用一般过去时，主语smokesignals为复数，故填wereused。27.AttheedgeoftheTibetanPlateau,Sichuan___________(attract)alargenumberoftravelersovertheyears.

28.Sofar,the62-year-old_____________(train)50students.hasattracted由时间状语overtheyears可知应用现在完成时，主语Sichuan为第三人称单数，故填hasattracted。hastrained前有Sofar修饰，应用现在完成时，又因主语the62-year-old为单数，故填hastrained。29.Scooter(滑板车),

thistraditionalchildren’svehicle

____________(become)moresophisticated(先进的)overthepastyears.30.Accordingtoexperts,thekeytotheForbiddenCity’sstrength_______(lie)inDougong(斗拱)—acenturies-oldbuildingmethodinventedinChina.hasbecome由句末overthepastyears可知，应用现在完成时，又因主语Scooter为第三人称单数，故填hasbecome。lies主谓之间被作定语的介词短语分隔，主语thekey是单数，又是客观事实，用一般现在时，故填lies。31.Justlikecoffee,teagrownindifferentareas______(have)differentflavors.32.Inthestudy,25,000peoplelivingacrossChina_____________(test)inlanguageandmathskillslastyear.has主谓之间被作定语的过去分词短语隔开了，主语是不可数名词tea，谓语动词用单数，叙述的又是客观事实，为一般现在时，故填has。were主谓之间被作定语的现在分词短语分开了，主语是25,000people，为复数，people与test是被动关系，用被动语态；由lastyear可知用一般过去时；故填weretested。tested33.Infact,somevegetableswegrowtoday_____(be)muchsweeterthanbefore.

34.Pigeonwhistles,alsocalledpigeonbells,arewhistlesthat________(tie)onthetailsofpigeonssothatwhentheyfly,theairthatflowsthroughthewhistlecreatesaharmonicsound.are主谓之间被定语从句所分隔，主语somevegetables是复数，由today可知用一般现在时，故填are。aretied在定语从句中，主语that与tie是被动的关系，用被动语态；由前(are)后(fly)都是一般现在时可知，用一般现在时的被动语态；主语that指代的是复数名词whistles，故填aretied。35.Thankstothehotanddryclimatethatresultsfrombeingsurroundedbythedesert,hugequantitiesoflargeandjuicygrapeswithverythinskins_____(be)produced.are叙述客观事实用一般现在时，hugequantitiesof…短语作主语时，谓语动