Unit 2 Sports and Fitness 语法知识点总结讲义-高中英语北师大版（2019）必修第一册

语法：关系代词引导的定语从句和不定代词一、定语从句（一）定语从句概述.定义：在复合句中作定语修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词，叫作先行词。.构成：+I关露词I+I定语从句连接主连接主2和从句I连接主2和从句II指代I行词II在从句中1当句子成分］.关系词：关系代词：连接主2和从句I.分类：限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句。.关系代词的用法（二）指物时that和which的区别关系代词指代在从句中充当的成分人物句子主语宾语表语定语whoJVVwhomJVthatVVVVVwhichJVVVwhoseVVV用that不用which的情况1.当先行词为行1,everything,nothing,anything,little,much等不定代词或先行词被这些词修饰时。Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.一切能做的都已经做了。.当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。ThisisthemostdeliciousfoodthatIhaveeverhad.这是我吃过的最美味的食物。.当先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast修饰时。Chattingwastheonlythingthatinterestedhermost.聊天是她唯一感兴趣的事。.当先行词既指人，又指物时。Shetookphotographsofthethingsandpeoplethatshewasinterestedin.她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来。.当主语是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为避免重复而用thal。Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?站在门口的那个人是谁？当关系词在定语从句中作表语时。Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.上海已不是过去那个样子了。用which不用that的情况.在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词前时。Thisistheroominwhichhelives.这是他住的房间。.引导非限制性定语从句时。Tomcameback,whichmadeusveryhappy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。（三）指人时that和who的区别：指人的代词如theone,those等后常用thatThosewhoareinterestedinChinesetraditionalculturecansignupforit.（四）whose+名词Thehousewhoseroofwasdama-edinthebigfirebelongstomygrandparents.在大火中屋顶被毁坏的那座房子是我祖父母的。Myeldestson,whoseworktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.（五）介词+whom/whichThehouseinwhichIusedtolivehasbecomeashoeshop.我过去住的那个房子现在已经变成一家鞋店了。ThemanwithwhomourEnglishteacheristalkingisTom,sfather.二、不定代词可数/不可数不定代词代替可数名词one,each,many,another,either,neither,(a)few代替不可数名词much,(a)little代替可数/不可数名词none,any,other,all,some,both复合不定代词anyone,anybody»