考研考博-英语-恩施职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解4_第1页
考研考博-英语-恩施职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解4_第2页
考研考博-英语-恩施职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解4_第3页
考研考博-英语-恩施职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解4_第4页
考研考博-英语-恩施职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解4_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩357页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-恩施职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

)foralongtime,thefieldsarealldriedup.

问题1选项

A.Therehasbeennorain

B.Havingnorain

C.Therehavingbeennorain

D.Therebeingnorain

【答案】C

【解析】句意:由于长时间没下雨,所有的农田都干涸了。

语法题。考查therebe的非限定性形式。题干后半部分已经是完整句子,因此前半部分应该为独立主格结构,即therebe的非限定形式在做状语therebeing形式。而由题干关键词foralongtime判断此处应该用现在完成时。

2.单选题

Thegoalistousecrops,weedsandevenanimalwaste________thepetroleumthatfuelsmuchofAmericanmanufacturing.

问题1选项

A.intermsof

B.infavorof

C.inspiteof

D.inplaceof

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项intermsof“在……方面,就……而言”;B选项infavorof“赞成”;C选项inspiteof“不管,尽管”;D选项inplaceof“取代,代替”。句意:这个目标是用庄稼,野草甚至是动物排泄物来()为绝大多数美国人生产活动提供动力的石油。人们使用庄稼等有机物很明显是为了取代石油这种化学物来充当燃料的,所以答案选D。

3.单选题

Thereisconcernthatpoliceusethelawto(

)assetsfrompeoplewhohavecommittedminoroffences.

问题1选项

A.confiscate

B.offset

C.submit

D.intensify

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。confiscate意为“没收”;offset意为“抵消”;submit意为“顺从”;intensity意为“加强,增强”。

句意:有人担心警察利用法律从轻微犯罪分子那里没收财产。

4.单选题

Anexaminationofthestagesofhisrise,themethodsheemployedtostrengthenhimself,andtheinstitutionalreformsheeffectedinordertomaintainhispowerhelpsus()thefactor’sanddynamicsofpowerwithinabureaucraticallydominatedsociety.

问题1选项

A.thinkof

B.accountfor

C.consider

D.weigh

【答案】B

【解析】考查短语搭配。A选项thinkof“想起”;B选项accountfor“解释,说明”;C选项consider“考虑”;D选项weigh“权衡”。根据前文通过利用某种方法,以及后文官僚统治的社会中权力的因素和动态,可以推测方法解释了这种因素,B选项正确。句意:通过对他成名阶段的调查,发现他用来加强自身实力的方法和为了维护其权利的体制改革帮助我们……了官僚主义占主导的社会中的权利因素和权利力量。因此B选项正确。

5.单选题

HiseffortstobringaboutareconciliationbetweenthetwoParties(

).

问题1选项

A.cameoff

B.cameon

C.cameround

D.camedown

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组。A选项comeoff“举行,发生;实现,成功”;B选项comeon“逐渐开始,催促”;C选项comeround/around“恢复(知觉),还原”;D选项comedown“跌落,失去财富或地位,传递”。句意:他为促成双方和解而付出的努力取得了成功。结合此处语境,A选项正确。

6.单选题

Whatifarchitectscouldbuildlivingsystemsratherthanstaticbuildingsdynamicstructuresthatmodifytheirinternalandexternalformsinresponsetochangesintheirenvironment?Thisideaismakingwavesinthefieldofarchitecture.Houses,forexample,mightshrinkinthewintertoreducesurfaceareaandvolume,thuscuttingheatingcosts.Theycouldcoverthemselvestoescapetheheatofthesummersunorshakesnowofftheroofinwinter.Skyscraperscouldchangetheirprofiles,swayingslightlytodistributeincreasedloadsduringhurricanes.

Such“responsivearchitecture”woulddependontwosortsoftechnology:controlsystemscapableofdecidingwhattodo,andstructuralcomponentsabletochangethebuilding'sshapeasrequired.Architectshavebeenworkingtoimprovethecontrolsystemsinbuildingsformanyyears,butshape-shiftingtechnologyisatamuchearlierstageofdevelopment.

Oneapproachbeingpursuedbyresearchersistoimitatenature.Manynaturalconstructions,includingspiders'webs,are“tensegritysystems”strongstructuresmadeupofmanyinterconnectedelementswhichcanbemanipulatedtochangeshapewithoutlosingtheirstructuralintegrity.“Thesestructurescanbendandtwist,butnoelementinthestructurebendsandtwists,”saysRobertSkeltonoftheStructuralSystemsandControlLaboratoryattheUniversityofCaliforniainSailDiego.“It'sthearchitectureoflife.”

WhileDr.Skeltonisworkingonsolvingtheengineeringequationsassociatedwithtensegritysystems,Tristand’EstreeSterkattheOfficeforRoboticArchitecturalMedia&theBureauforResponsiveArchitecture,anarchitecturalpracticebasedinVancouver,Canada,hasbeguntoconstructprototypesofshape-changing“buildingenvelopes”basedontensegritystructures.Lightweightskeletalframeworks,composedofrodsandwiresandcontrolledbypneumatic(气动的)“muscles”,serveasthewallsofabuilding;adjustingtheirconfigurationtochangethebuilding'sshape.Mr.Sterkisalsodevelopingthe‘brain’neededtocontextsuchabuildingbasedoninformationfrominternalandexternalsensors.

Carsarealreadycapableofmonitoringtheirownperformanceandactingwithacertaindegreeofautonomy,fromcruise-controlsystemstoairbagsensors.Suchresponsivebehaviorisconsiderednormalforacar,architectsarguethatthesamesortofideasshouldbeincorporatedintobuildings,too.Andjustastheperformanceofacarcanbesimulatedinadvancetochoosethebestdesignforarangeofdrivingconditions,thesameshouldbedoneforbuildings,arguesGianCarloMagnoli,anarchitectandtheco-directoroftheKineticDesignGroupattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Heisdevisingblueprintsforresponsivehouses.‘Weneedtoevolvedesignsforthebestperformingresponsive-buildingmodels,”hesays.

Sowillweendupwithcitiesofskyscrapersthatwaveinthebreeze?Itsoundscrazy.But,saysMr.Sterk,manyideasthatwereonceconsideredcrazyarenowcommonplace.“Electricitywasastrangeidea,butnowit'suniversal’hesays.Dynamic,intelligent,adaptablebuildingsare“thelogicalnextstep”,heclaims.

1.Whichtechnologyisneededforsuch“responsivearchitecture”?

2.AccordingtoPara.3,manynaturalconstructions(

).

3.WhatcontributiondoesSterkmaketoresponsivearchitecture?

4.TowhichofthefollowingisMagnolilikelytoagree?

问题1选项

A.Thechangeofinternalandexternalforms.

B.Thealteractionofprofiles.

C.Controlsystemsappliedtomanualcontrols.

D.Structuralcomponentscapableofchangingthebuilding’sshape.

问题2选项

A.cancausechangetoelementsinthestructure

B.aremotivatedbybiologicalmaterialarchitecture

C.canchangetheirshapewithoutaffectingtheirstructuralintegrity

D.arefragilestructuresmadeupofmanyinterconnectedelements

问题3选项

A.Hemakesarchetypesofshape-changingbuildingframes.

B.Heusesrodsandwirestobethewallsofabuilding.

C.HedoesmoreforresponsivearchitecturethanDr.Skelton.

D.Hehasinventedthe‘brain’tocontrolbuilding.

问题4选项

A.Cruise-controlsystemsshouldbeincorporatedintobuildings.

B.Architectsneedtoperfecttitledesignsofresponsivebuildingforthebestmodels.

C.Thedevelopmentofbuildingsisnothingcomparedtothatofcars.

D.Theperformanceofabuildingshouldbemonitoredinadvance.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:A

【解析】1.根据文章第二段第一句‘Such“responsivearchitecture”woulddependontwosortsoftechnology:controlsystemscapableofdecidingwhattodo,andstructuralcomponentsabletochangethebuilding'sshapeasrequired.这种“响应式建筑”将依赖两种技术:能够决定做什么的控制系统,以及能够根据需要改变建筑形状的结构组件。’确定D选项‘能够改变建筑物形状的结构部件’正确。

2.根据第三段‘Manynaturalconstructions,includingspiders'webs,are“tensegritysystems”strongstructuresmadeupofmanyinterconnectedelementswhichcanbemanipulatedtochangeshapewithoutlosingtheirstructuralintegrity.许多自然结构,包括蜘蛛网,都是“张拉整体系统”——由许多相互关联的元素组成的强大结构,可以在不失去结构完整性的情况下改变形状。’确定C选项‘能在不影响其结构完整性的情况下改变其形状’正确。

3.根据文章第四段‘hasbeguntoconstructprototypesofshape-changing“buildingenvelopes”basedontensegritystructures.Lightweightskeletalframeworks,composedofrodsandwiresandcontrolledbypneumatic(气动的)“muscles”,serveasthewallsofabuilding;adjustingtheirconfigurationtochangethebuilding'sshape.Mr.Sterkisalsodevelopingthe‘brain’neededtocontextsuchabuildingbasedoninformationfrominternalandexternalsensors.已经开始构建基于张拉整体结构的可变形“建筑信封”原型。轻量级的骨骼框架,由金属杆和电线和由气动控制(气动的)“肌肉”,作为建筑物的墙壁;调整他们的配置来改变建筑的形状。斯特克还在开发一种“大脑”,这种大脑可以根据来自内部和外部传感器的信息为这样一座建筑设定环境。确定B选项‘他用金属杆和电线做建筑物的墙’表达不完整,C选项‘他在响应式架构方面比斯凯尔顿博士做得更多’没有提及,D选项‘他发明了控制建筑的“大脑”’,文章是说‘还在开发中,没有完成,’句意不符合,所以A选项正确。

4.根据倒数第二段的第一句和第二句’Carsarealreadycapableofmonitoringtheirownperformanceandactingwithacertaindegreeofautonomy,fromcruise-controlsystemstoairbagsensors.Suchresponsivebehaviorisconsiderednormalforacar,architectsarguethatthesamesortofideasshouldbeincorporatedintobuildings,too.从巡航控制系统到安全气囊传感器,汽车已经能够监控自己的性能并在一定程度上自主行动。这样的反应行为对汽车来说是正常的,建筑师认为同样的想法也应该被纳入建筑中。确定A选项‘巡航控制系统应纳入建筑物’正确。

7.单选题

Mostpersonsexperiencea(

)increaseinmemoryproblemsastheygetolder,particularlywithregardtotheabilitytorememberrelativelyrecentexperiences.

问题1选项

A.modest

B.razor-sharp

C.time-consuming

D.prompt

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项modest“谦虚的;较小的”;B选项razor-sharp“锋利的;犀利的”;C选项time-consuming“耗时的;旷日持久的”;D选项prompt“敏捷的;迅速的”句意:随着年龄的增长,大多数人的记忆问题……增多,在记忆相对较近期经历的能力方面更为明显。随着年龄增加,记忆问题是逐渐增多的,因此A选项符合题意。

8.单选题

TheManchushadeffectedacoalitionwiththeChinesegentryclasswhichsecuredthepositionsofbothparties.Thegentryweresetapartfromthecommonersandgiven()careerprivilegesinthegovernmentbureaucracy.

问题1选项

A.inclusive

B.special

C.exclusive

D.especial

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项inclusive“包含的”;B选项special“专用的,专门的”;C选项exclusive“独有的,专有的”;D选项especial“特别的,尤其的”。根据前文贵族人与普通平民区分开来,可推测后文应该是赋予贵族独有的地位,exclusive含有“排他”之意,故答案选项为C。

9.单选题

Hesaidthatveryclearlysothatnobodywasinany()aboutwhatwasmeant.

问题1选项

A.wonder

B.doubt

C.question

D.consideration

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词组辨析。inquestion讨论中的,考虑中的;indoubt感到怀疑,不能肯定的;wonder想知道,inconsideration考虑到,鉴于。句意:他说得很清楚,所以没有人对他的意思感到怀疑。选项B符合句意。

10.单选题

Don'tleaveyourbicycleoutintherain.It'llget().

问题1选项

A.rusty

B.crude

C.rough

D.tough

【答案】A

【解析】句意:不要将你的自行车放在雨中,

会生锈的。选项A正确。

11.单选题

Wecan’tunderstandUncleGeorge,forhealways(

)whateverhesays.

问题1选项

A.masters

B.mumbles

C.molests

D.muzzles

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。master“控制;精通;征服”;mumble“含糊地说”;molest“骚扰,调戏;干扰”;muzzle“使······缄默”。句意:我们不能理解乔治叔叔说了什么,因为他总是含糊地说。选项B符合题意。

12.单选题

Theoddnoisesandflashesoflightintheemptyhousecompletelybaffledhim.

问题1选项

A.horrified

B.surrounded

C.perplexed

D.surprised

【答案】C

【解析】考查同义动词辨析。A选项horrified“惊骇,使……惊悚”;B选项surrounded“包围,围住”;C选项perplexed“困惑,迷茫,惶恐”;D选项surprised“使惊奇,惊讶”。句意:空房子里奇怪的声音和闪光把他完全弄糊涂了。Baffle“使……困惑;使……受挫折”,C选项与该词意思最相近,因此C选项正确。

13.单选题

Dowomentendtodevaluetheworthoftheirwork?Dotheyapplydifferentstandardstorewardingtheirownworkmorecriticallythantheydotorewardingtheworkofothers?ThesewerethequestionsaskedbyMichiganStateUniversitypsychologistsLawrenceMesseandCharleneCallahan-Levy.Pastexperimentshadshownthatwhenwomenwereaskedtodecidehowmuchtopaythemselvesandotherpeopleforthesamejob,theypaidthemselvesless.Followinguponthisfinding,MesseandCallahan-Levydesignedexperimentstotestseveralpopularexplanationsofwhywomentendtogetlessinpaysituations.

Onetheorythepsychologiststestedwasthatwomenjudgetheirownworkmoreharshlythanthatofothers.ThesubjectsfortheexperimenttestingthistheoryweremenandwomenfromtheMichiganStateundergraduatestudentbody.Thejobthesubjectswereaskedtoperformforpaywasanopinionquestionnairerequiringanumberofshortessaysoncampus-relatedissues.Aftercompletingthequestionnaire,somesubjectsweregivensixdollarsinbillsandchangeandwereaskedtodecidepaymentforthemselves.Othersweregiventhesameamountandwereaskedtodecidepaymentforanothersubjectwhohadalsocompletedthequestionnaire.

Thepsychologistsfoundthat,asinearlierexperiments,thewomenpaidthemselveslessthanthemenpaidthemselves.Theyalsofoundthatthewomenpaidthemselveslessthantheypaidotherwomenandlessthanthemenpaidthewomen.Thedifferencesweresubstantial.Theaveragepaidtowomenbythemselveswas$2.97.Theaveragepaidtomenbythemselveswas$4.06.Theaveragepaidtowomenbyotherswas$4.37.Inspiteofthedifferences,thepsychologistsfoundthatthemenandthewomenintheexperimentevaluatedtheirownperformancesonthequestionnaireaboutequallyandbetterthantheexpectedperformancesofothers.

Onthebasisofthesefindings,MesseandCallahan-Levyconcludedthatwomen'sattachmentofacomparativelylowmonetaryvaluetotheirworkcannotbebasedentirelyontheirjudgmentoftheirownability.

1.Theexperimentdesignedinthepassagewouldbemostrelevanttotheformulation(表述)ofatheoryconcerningthe________.

2.HowistheresearchofMesseandCallahan-Levyrelatedtoearlierexperimentsinthesamefield?

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbythefactsstatedinthepassage?

4.TheworkofMesseandCallahan-Levytendstosupportwhichofthefollowingnotions?

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat________.

问题1选项

A.generallylowersalariesreceivedbywomenworkersincomparisontomen

B.reluctanceofsomewomentoenterprofessionsthataretraditionallydominatedbymen

C.anxietyexpressedbysomewomenworkersindealingwithmalesupervisors

D.prejudicesoftensufferedbywomeninattemptingtoentertheworkforce

问题2选项

A.Itsuggestsaneedtodiscardmethodsusedinearlierexperiments.

B.Ittendstoweakentheassumptionsonwhichearlierexperimentsweredesigned.

C.Itsuggeststhattheproblemrevealedinearlierexperimentsmaybemorewidespreadthanpreviouslythought.

D.Ithelpstoexplainaphenomenonrevealedinearlierexperiments

问题3选项

A.Mentendtopaythemselvesmorethantheypayothermenforthesamework.

B.Womentendtopaymenmorethantheypayotherwomenforthesamework.

C.Mentendtopaywomenlessthantheypayothermenforthesamework.

D.Noneoftheabove.

问题4选项

A.Womenaregenerallylessconcernedwithfinancialrewardsfortheirworkthanmenare.

B.Menarewillingtopaywomenmorethanwomenarewillingtopaythemselves.

C.Paymentforworkshouldgenerallybedirectlyrelatedtothequalityofthework.

D.Womenjudgetheirownworkmorecruciallythantheyjudgetheworkofmen.

问题5选项

A.itisnotalwaysreliabletomeasurewomen’sabilitybyhowmuchtheyearn

B.womenwouldratherattachimportancetosacrificesthanaskforrepaymentfortheirwork

C.womentendtoassesstheirabilityofworkbytheirownself-worthratherthanmonetaryvalues

D.womengenerallyremainindifferenttohowmuchmoneytheyshouldobtainfromtheirwork

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第一段最后一句MesseandCallahan-Levydesignedexperimentstotestseveralpopularexplanationsofwhywomentendtogetlessinpaysituations(Messe和Callahan-Levy设计了一些实验,以检验为什么女性的薪酬往往较低的几种流行学说),可知实验是为了验证女性工资普遍较低的相关话题,A选项“与男性相比,女性员工的工资普遍较低”正确。B选项“一些女性不愿意进入传统上由男性主导的职业”,C选项“一些女性员工在与男性主管打交道时表现出焦虑”和D选项“在试图进入职场时,女性经常遭受偏见”:文中没有提到,属于无中生有。因此A选项正确。

2.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句Pastexperimentshadshownthat…Followinguponthisfinding,MesseandCallahan-Levydesignedexperimentstotestseveralpopularexplanationsofwhywomentendtogetlessinpaysituations.(过去的实验表明……在这一发现的基础上,Messe和Callahan-Levy设计了一些实验,以检验为什么女性的薪酬往往较低的几种流行学说),结合第三段第一句asinearlierexperiments…Theyalsofoundthat…(与之前的实验一样……他们还发现……),可知Messe和Callahan-Levy的实验是为了解释之前实验现象的原因,结果与之前的实验结果如出一辙,并且有进一步的发现,可以为先前的实验提供进一步的解释,D选项“有助于解释在之前实验中发现的现象”正确。A选项“表明有必要抛弃在之前实验中使用的方法”:文中没有提到早期实验的方法以及对此的看法,属于无中生有。B选项“倾向于削弱之前实验设计所依据的假设”:其结果印证了之前的假设,属于反向干扰。C选项“表明早期实验揭示的问题可能比以前认为的更广泛”:文中没有提到在早期实验之前的观点,属于无中生有。因此D选项正确。

3.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。A选项“做同样的工作,男性付给自己的报酬往往比别人的多”:文中没有对比男性给自己的和给其他人的金钱差异,属于无中生有。B选项“做同样的工作,女性往往付给男性的钱比给其他女性的多”:根据第三段第一二句thewomenpaidthemselveslessthanthemenpaidthemselves…womenpaidthemselveslessthantheypaidotherwomenandlessthanthemenpaidthewomen.(女性给自己的报酬低于男性给自己的报酬……女性给自己的报酬低于其他女性,也低于男性给女性的报酬),文中没有对比女性给其他女性和男性的报酬,属于无中生有。C选项“做同样的工作,男性付给女性的钱往往比给其他男性的少”:文中没有提到,属于无中生有。D选项“以上都不是”:A、B、C选项都不正确,因此D选项正确。

4.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第二句thewomenpaidthemselves…lessthanthemenpaidthewomen(女性付给自己的钱比男性付给女性的少),可知男性付给女性的报酬比女性给自己的报酬高,B选项“男性愿意支付给女性的薪水要高于女性愿意支付给自己的薪水”正确。A选项“与男性相比,女性一般不太关心工作的经济报酬”:根据最后一段women'sattachmentofacomparativelylowmonetaryvaluetotheirwork(女性对其工作相对较低的金钱价值依恋),可知女性没有男性那么渴望较高的报酬,但不代表女性不关心自己得到的报酬是多少,属于推理过度。C选项“工作报酬一般应与工作质量直接相关”和D选项“女性评判自己的工作比男性的工作更重要”:文中没有提到,属于无中生有。因此B选项正确。

5.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段women'sattachmentofacomparativelylowmonetaryvaluetotheirworkcannotbebasedentirelyontheirjudgmentoftheirownability(女性对其工作相对较低的金钱价值依恋,不能完全基于她们对自己能力的判断),可知女性不那么追求高报酬,并不是因为能力低,A选项“用收入多少来衡量女性的能力并不总是可靠的”正确。B选项“妇女宁愿重视牺牲,也不愿要求对她们工作的回报”和D选项“女性通常对她们应该从工作中获得多少钱漠不关心”:虽然女性没有要求那么高的报酬,但不至于对钱漠不关心,愿意做出巨大的牺牲,属于推理过度。C选项“女性倾向于通过自我价值而不是金钱价值来评估自己的工作能力”:文中没有提到,属于无中生有。因此A选项正确。

14.单选题

Wehavenotyetbeeninformed().

问题1选项

A.concerningtheonewhobrokethewindow

B.abouttheidentityoftheindividualwhoisresponsibleforbreakingthewindow

C.ofthewindow-breaker

D.astowhobrokethewindow

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词inform的用法,inform一般和介词of或about构成搭配,informsb.(of/aboutsth.)表示“知会;通知;通告”,因此C项正确。句意:关于谁是破窗而入者,我们还未接到通知。

15.单选题

Itissaidinsomepartsoftheworld,goats,ratherthancows,serveasavital(

)ofmilk.

问题1选项

A.storage

B.source

C.reserve

D.resource

【答案】B

【解析】句意:据说,在世界上某些地方,牛奶的重要来源是山羊,而不是奶牛。

名词辨析。Storage存储,仓库;source来源;reserve储备,储存;resource资源,财力。因此B符合句意。

16.单选题

Littlegreenpatchesofmossgrewontherockwherewaterhad______out.

问题1选项

A.oozed

B.dehumanized

C.deified

D.opted

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.oozed渗出;泄漏B.dehumanized使失掉人性

C.deified崇拜,把某人奉若神明D.opted选择;作出抉择

【答案】A

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】where引导的定语从句“岩石上的水______出来”修饰前面的rock(岩石),根据主句句意“岩石上长着一片片绿色的苔藓”可知,岩石上有水渗出才能长苔藓,所以空格处填入A项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项均不符合句意。

【句意】在渗水的岩石上长出了一片片绿色的苔藓。

17.单选题

It’sapitythatweshouldstayathomewhenwehave(

)weather.

问题1选项

A.sofine

B.suchfine

C.suchafine

D.sofinea

【答案】B

【解析】考查so与such的用法。weather是不可数名词,such+adj.+不可数名词,所以选项B符合题意。

Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE

18.单选题

Somepeoplebelievethat“KingJohn”waswrittenbyShakespeare,butsomepeoplethinkitmightbewrittenbyan()author.

问题1选项

A.ambiguous

B.authentic

C.antique

D.anonymous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。ambiguous模糊不清的,模棱两可的;authentic真正的,真实的;antique古老的,年代久远的;anonymous匿名的,无名的。由but可知前后句所述内容相反,前半句说有人相信莎士比亚是《约翰王》的作者,后半句推测作者是一个匿名的作家。故D项正确。句意:有些人认为《约翰王》是莎士比亚写的,但有些人认为它可能是匿名的作者写的。

19.单选题

Iamboredbyyour______talk.

问题1选项

A.insane

B.insipid

C.intrepid

D.invalid

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项insane“疯狂的,精神病的”,B项insipid“无味的,清淡的”,C项intrepid“无畏的,勇敢的”,D项invalid“无效的,有病的”。由bored(感到厌倦的)可知,______talk中的空格表示“无味的”符合语境。句意:我对你枯燥无味的谈话感到厌烦。因此,该题选择B项。

20.单选题

Joyceislovedbyallherfriendsbecausesheisverycongenial.

问题1选项

A.pleasant

B.wealthy

C.courageous

D.sensitive

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。congenial表示“意气相投的,性格相似的,适意的”;A项pleasant“令人愉快的,舒适的,讨人喜欢的”,B项wealthy“富有的,充分的”,C项courageous“有胆量的,勇敢的”,D项sensitive“敏感的,感觉的”。句意:乔伊斯因为性格很相投,所以她的朋友都很喜欢她。根据句意可知,四个选项中只有A项的意思符合句子。因此,该题选择A项正确。

21.单选题

MarketshadfearedthatDollymightdisruptproductionintheGulfofMexico,butthestormmissedtheoilfieldsbeforebearing()Texas.

问题1选项

A.downon

B.downat

C.awayat

D.awayto

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短语搭配。beardownon“逼近,袭击,冲向”。句意:市场曾担心飓风多莉可能会打断墨西哥湾的生产,但风暴在逼近德克萨斯之前没有击中油田。因此A选项正确。

22.单选题

Certainlynoonecouldhavepredictedthatatinywormwouldmakepossiblesuchfar-reaching()intotheverynatureoflife.

问题1选项

A.understanding

B.perception

C.insights

D.inquiry

【答案】C

【解析】understanding理解;perception洞察力;insights深刻见解;inquiry探究,调查。句意:当然,没有人能预料到,一条微小的蠕虫能让我们对生命的本质有如此深远的了解。insightinto为固定搭配。选项C正确。

23.单选题

TheorangutanofSumatraandBorneoshares96.4percentofthesamegeneticmake-upashumans.Thesepeaceful,[A]red-hairprimatesspendtheirdays[B]chewingonfruit,leavesandflowersfromtrees,[C]alongwithanystrayinsectsthatmightbehidden[D]amongthefoliage.

问题1选项

A.red-hair

B.chewingon

C.alongwith

D.amongthefoliage

【答案】A

【解析】考查词形。A选项后面修饰的是primates“灵长类”,名词,因此划线词应为形容词形式。这类词语的构成规则为:形容词+名词+ed构成新的形容词,所以应将red-hair改为red-haired“红发的”。

24.单选题

OnmanyissuesJohnandMaryfoundthemselvesseriously().

问题1选项

A.atodds

B.atrandom

C.atintervals

D.athaphazard

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组。A:atodds“争执;不一致”;B:atrandom“随机地”;C:atintervals“不时”;D:athaphazard“偶然地”。句意:约翰和玛丽发现他们自己在许多问题上不一致。根据句意,A为正确答案。

25.单选题

PassageTwo

问题1选项

A.1996.

B.1997.

C.2011.

D.2014.

问题2选项

A.Itsbenefitstohealth.

B.Itsimproperuseinsoftdrinks.

C.Theamountofcaffeine.

D.Theconsumptionofenergydrinks.

问题3选项

A.Ageaffectsthebody’sresponsetocaffeine.

B.Otheringredientsalsomakeenergydrinksunsafe.

C.Caffeineinbeveragesgreatlyimprovesperformance.

D.Energydrinksareriskyforpeoplewithheartproblems.

问题4选项

A.Becausetheyareinsufficientlyinvestigated.

B.Becausetheyarenotjudgedasfairlyascoffeeortea.

C.Becausetheyaremorebeneficialthanharmfultokids.

D.Becausetheyarenottheprimarycaffeinesourcesforkids.

问题5选项

A.Strict.

B.Official.

C.Voluntary.

D.Compulsory.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】Energydrinks—wehearallthetimethatthey’rereallybadforus,especiallyforteens.Wealldrinkthemanyway.Soenergydrinksreallythatbad.First,let’srewindbackto1997.WhenRedBullbecamethefirstenergydrinktoreachthemarketintheUS.Sincethen,energydrinkslikeRedBullhavesky-rocketedinpopularity.Butthingsstartedgettingintensein2011.WhentheAmericanAcademyofPediatricsrecommendedthatchildrenshouldneverdrinkenergydrinks.Thereasonwhytheyweresoworried—caffeine.Thecaffeineisinatonofthingslikecoffee,tea,soda,andevenchocolate.Andthedangersofcaffeinereallyboileddowntohowmuchyouhave.Acupofcoffeeusuallyhasbetween90fiveto,200milligramsofcaffeine.So,foradults,theexpertsrecommendnomorethan400milligramsaday,andforkids,nomorethan100milligrams.Soalittlebitofcaffeine,probablynotthatbad,buthighdosescanbelethal.In2011,apaperpublishedinthejournalpediatricsreviewedtheeffectsofenergydrinksonchildren,adolescence,andyoungadults.Theresearchhasfoundthatageaffectsthebody’sresponsetocaffeineandenergydrinkscouldbeespeciallyriskyforkidswithheartproblems.ADHBordiabetes.Giventheseconcerns,itmaycomeasnosurprisethatsomeplaceshavepushedforcompletelybanningthesalesofenergydrinkstoanyoneundertheageof18.Asfaraswecantell,thathasn’tpassedlocallyhereintheusbutin2014,Lithuaniabecamethefirstcountrytoactuallybanthesaleofenergydrinkstoanyoneundertheageof18.

Butnoteveryoneisafanoftheseideas.Somethinktheserestrictionsareunfair.Ifyouaren’tworriedaboutsellingcoffeeorteatokids,whysingleoutenergydrinks?SotheAmericanbeverageassociation,thetradegrouprepresentingmanyoftheseenergydrinks,cameupwithanotheridea—voluntaryguidelinesforlabelingenergydrinks.

26.WhendidenergydrinkfirstappearintheAmericanmarket?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为:功能饮料第一次出现在美国市场是什么时候?由文中“First,let’srewindbackto1997.WhenRedBullbecamethefirstenergydrinktoreachthemarketintheUS.(首先让我们回到1997年。当‘红牛’成为第一款功能饮料投入美国市场)”,可知B选项“1997”符合原文。A选项“1996”;C选项“2011”;D选项“2014”不符合原文。

27.Whenitcomestocaffeine,whatseemstobetheissue?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干为:说到咖啡因,问题出在哪里?由文中“Thereasonwhytheyweresoworried—caffeine.Thecaffeineisinatonofthingslikecoffee,tea,soda,andevenchocolate.(他们如此担心的原因是咖啡因。咖啡因出现在很多东西,比如咖啡、茶、苏打甚至是巧克力里面)”以及“thedangersofcaffeinereallyboileddowntohowmuchyouhave.(咖啡因的危险其实在于我们摄入多少)”,可知C选项“Theamountofcaffeine.(咖啡因的量)”符合原文。A选项“对健康有好处”;B选项“在软饮料中使用不当”;D选项“能量饮料的消耗”不符合原文。

28.Whichofthefollowingfindingsisreportedinthejournalpediatrics?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为:以下哪项发现被刊登在《儿科学》杂志上?由文中“Theresearchhasfoundthatageaffectsthebody’sresponsetocaffeineandenergydrinkscouldbeespeciallyriskyforkidswithheartproblems.ADHBordiabetes.(研究发现,年龄影响身体对于咖啡因的反应,功能饮料对于孩子特别危险,可能导致心脏病,ADHB和糖尿病)”,可知A选项“Ageaffectsthebody’sresponsetocaffeine(年龄影响身体对于咖啡因的反应)”符合原文。B选项“其他成分也使能量饮料不安全”;C选项“饮料中的咖啡因大大提高了表现”D选项“能量饮料对有心脏问题的人有风险”不符合原文。

29.Whydosomedisagreewiththerestrictionsontheenergydrinkstokids?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干为:为什么有些人不同意对儿童能量饮料进行限制?由文中“Somethinktheserestrictionsareunfair.Ifyouaren’tworriedaboutsellingcoffeeorteatokids,whysingleoutenergydrinks?(一些人认为这些限制是不合理的。如果你不担心向儿童出售咖啡和茶饮料,为什么独独对功能饮料不排斥呢?)”,可知B选项“Becausetheyarenotjudgedasfairlyascoffeeortea.(因为他们不能将功能饮料与茶和咖啡相提并论)”符合原文。A选项“因为它们没有得到充分的调查”;C选项“因为它们对孩子是有益的而不是有害的”;D选项“因为它们不是孩子的主要咖啡因来源”不符合原文。

30.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethelabelingguidelinesfromtheAmericanbeverageassociation?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干为:以下哪一项能最好地描述美国饮料协会的标签指南?由文中“SotheAmericanbeverageassociation,thetradegrouprepresentingmanyoftheseenergydrinks,cameupwithanotheridea—voluntaryguidelinesforlabelingenergydrinks.(因此,美国饮料协会—代表功能饮料大多数企业的贸易组织产生了另一个想法—对于功能饮料标签自发制定指导标准)”,可知美国饮料协会制定的标签标准是C选项“voluntary(自发的)”符合原文。A选项“严格的”;B选项“正式的”;D选项“强迫的”不符合原文。

26.单选题

Auction(拍卖)arepublicsalesofgoods,conductedbyanofficiallyapprovedauctioneer.Heaskedthecrowdtogatherintheauctionroomtobidforvariousitemsonsale.Heencouragesbuyerstobidhighestfiguresandfinallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.Thisiscalled“knockingdown”thegoodsforthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerbangsasmallhammeronaraisedplatform.

TheancientRomansprobablyinventedsalesbyauctionandtheEnglishwordcomesfromtheLatin“antic”,meaning“increase”.TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar,thesemileswerecalled“subhanta”,meaning“underthespear’’,aspearbeingstuckinthegroundasasignalforacarvedtogather.InEnglandintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturiesgoodswereoftensold“bythecandle’’,ashoecandlewaslitbytheauctioneerandbidscouldbemadewhileitwasburning.

Practicallyallgoodscanbesoldbyauction.Amongthesearecoffee,skins,wool,tea,cobra,fir,mat,vegetablesandwines.Auctionsalesarealsousualforlandandproperty,antiquefurniture,pictures,oldbooks,oldchinaandworksofart.TheauctionroomsatChristie’sandSotheby’sinLondonandNewYorkareworldfamous.Anauctionisusuallyadvertisedbeforehandwithfullparticularsofthearticlestobetoldandwhereandwhentheycanbeviewedbythebuyers.Iftheadvertisementcannotgivesfulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calleddrafter,asgenerallyas.Theauctioneerneednotbeginwithlotoneandcontinuethenumericalorder,hesafelywaituntilhethefactthatcertainbuyersareintheroomandthenproducethelotstheyarelikelytobeinterestingin.Theauctioneer’sservicesarepaidforintheformofapercentageofthepricethegoodsaresoldfor.Theauctioneerthereforehasadirectinterestinpushingupthebidding.

1.Auctionedgoodsaresold(

).

2.Theendofbiddingiscalled“

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论