考研考博-英语-山西信息职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-山西信息职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Thefamouspicture________inItalyisnowexhibitedinamuseuminParis.

问题1选项

A.thatshoot

B.itwasshot

C.asisshot

D.whichwasshot

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这张著名的照片（）于意大利，现展览在巴黎的一家博物馆。四个选项都有shoot即“拍摄”的意思。因为照片只能被拍摄，所以要用被动语态，A选项排除。一个句子，没有从句连接词或者连词的话只能出现一套主谓结构，所以B不选；as可以引导状语从句充当从句主语，但是表因为，或者类比，C选项逻辑不通，所以答案选D。

2.单选题

Thepresidentexplainedthatthepurposeoftaxationwasto（

）governmentspending.

问题1选项

A.finance

B.expand

C.enlarge

D.budget

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析。句意:总统解释说，税收的目的是为政府开支（

）。

Finance为...提供资金;expand扩大;enlarge扩大;budget安排开支,预算。故选A。

3.单选题

Justasthereareteacherswhosimplygothroughthemotionsanddragusthroughthematerialinordertocompletearequiredcourse,therearecompaniesandjobsandbossesthatdothesame.Thatdoesn'tmeanyouhavetolivewithit.Avoidthosefear-runworkplaces.Quitthosejobs.Askyourfriendsaboutwheretheywork,oraboutcompaniesthey'vereadaboutorheardaboutwherepassion,excitement,andhumanenergyarevaluedaboveallelse.Inthoseplaces,youwillfindthatfearisnotprimarymotivatorforgettingtoresults.

AlthoughI'vefoundthatmostorganizationsdonotfocusontheirculture,therearealsoasignificantnumberofcompanieswhoarequiteclearaboutwhattheyaretryingtoachieve.Thosecompanieshaveamissionandapurposeinwhattheydo.Thepeoplewhoworktherearefocusednotonthemselves,butonthosetheyserve.Theyareworkingonsomethingmuchbiggerthanthemselves.Ilearnedtolovemyjobbyconnectingittojoy:joyforourcustomers,joyfortheendusersofourproducts,joyformyteam,andpersonaljoyinwhatweweredoing.

Manybelievethiskindofmissionfocuscanonlyoccurinthenon-profitworld.Thiscouldn'tbefurtherfromthetruth.Therearesuccessfulpurpose-drivenprivateandpubliccorporations,largeandsmall.Theyarestillrare,though,soitwon'tnecessarilybeeasytofindthem,butitisworthyourtimetopursuethissearch.SomeofyouwillbeinclinedtodowhatIultimatelydidandstartyourownfirm,withitsownmissionandpurpose.Entrepreneurshipformewastheenablerofanobleyetselfishpursuit:IwantedtocreateacompanythatIloved.Icreatedmyownfulfillingjob,butitwouldonlybefulfillingtomeifitwerealsorewardingforthosewhoworkedaroundme.

Tolearntoloveyourjob,it'simportanttofindajobwherelearningisarequirementtosuccess.Learningproducesjoy,regardlessoftheindustryyou'rein.Becomeastudentagain.Readbooks,studyorganizations,andstretchyourselftotrynewthings.Ifyouareinatechnicalorasupportrole,volunteerforsalessupportassignmentsandwatchhowyourcompanyinteractswithitscustomers.Signupfortradeshowboothdutyandlearnwhatothersintheworldareseekingfromfirmslikeyours.Learntopresentinfrontofothers.Signuptospeakatconferences,andthengolistentootherspeakers.Findtheideas,thepeopleandthecompaniesthatinspireyou.

1.Theauthor'spurposeinusingteachersasanexampleisto（）.

2.Theauthorfavorscompaniesthat（）.

3.By“Thiscouldn'tbefurtherfromthetruth”(Line1,Para.3),theauthormeanshethinks（）.

4.Whatdowelearnabouttheauthor'sjoyforhisjob?

5.Whatsuggestiondoestheauthormakeattheendofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.emphasizethevalueofcommitment

B.showconcernforbadworkperformance

C.pointouttheimportanceofjobtraining

D.argueagainstfear-runworkplaces

问题2选项

A.arebigandambitious

B.arecustomer-oriented

C.motivateemployeeswithrewards

D.focusontheirself-image

问题3选项

A.thenon-profitworldhashiddenrules

B.amissiontellstruthaboutacompany

C.thestatementisabsolutelyfalse

D.acompanytrulygoesafterprofits

问题4选项

A.Itdependslargelyonhisfreewillandselfishpursuit.

B.Itcomesfromthesatisfactionofpeopleinhiscompany.

C.Itenableshimtoinspirepeopleworkingaroundhim.

D.Itisbasedonhisownfirmbeliefinhisbusinessskills.

问题5选项

A.Seizeopportunitiestolearnonthejob.

B.Playavarietyofrolestobesuccessful.

C.Keepagoodrelationshipwithcustomers.

D.Seekotherfirmsthatneedyourskills.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.【试题解析】观点态度题。题干意思是“作者使用教师的例子是为了……？”。第一段陈述的例子是“有些老师只是走过场敷衍的讲完授课的内容，以便完成一项规定的课程”，然后第三句提到Avoidthosefear-funworkplace.（避开那些让人恐惧得想跑的公司），由此看出作者是想用例子来表达他对这种公司的反对态度。A选项“强调贡献的价值”，文中是强调快乐的工作，不是贡献就会快乐；B选项“对不好的工作表现的关注”，文中关注的是如何快乐工作；C选项“指出工作培训的重要性”文中没有提到。因此该题D正确。

2.【试题解析】判断推理题。题干意思是“作者支持……的公司？”。第二段第三句Thepeoplewhoworktherearefocusednotonthemselves,butonthosetheyserve（在那里工作的人不是专注于自己，而是专注于他们服务的人），由此可以推断作者是支持以客户为中心的公司。A项“规模大且有野心的”不全面，根据第三段第三句Therearesuccessfulpurpose-drivenprivateandpubliccorporations,largeandsmall.（有许多成功的以目标为驱动的私营和公立公司，有大的公司，也有小的公司），可知也有规模小的；C项“用奖励激励员工”和D项“关注自我形象”未提及，因此B选项正确。

3.【试题解析】判断推理题。题干意思是“通过第三段第一行‘Thiscouldn’tbefurtherfromthetruth’，作者的意思是他认为……？”。第三段第一句Manybelievethiskindof…inthenon-profitworld.（很多人认为这种专注使命的做法只发生在非营利性组织里面）与Thiscouldn’tbefurtherfromthetruth.（这与事实相差甚远）衔接，第二句话是作者觉得很多人认为的这种专注使命的做法只发生在非营利性组织里面的想法是错误的。A选项“非盈利组织有隐藏规则”没有提到；B选项“使命揭示了公司的真相”，这不是作者表达的意思；D选项“一个公司真正追求的是利益”，这个是人们认为公司是以利益为目标的，不是作者的看法。因此该题C项正确。

4.【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“关于作者的工作乐趣我们了解到什么？”。第三段最后两句Entrepreneurshipformewastheenablerofanobleyetselfishpursuit…Icreatemyownfulfillingjob,butitwouldonlybefulfillingtomeifitwerealsorewardingforthosewhoworkedaroundme.（创业精神促使我走上了一条崇高但自私的追求之路……我创造了令我有成就感的工作，但是如果这项工作对我周围工作的人没有回报的话，那么对我来说也没有成就感可言了）；从这两句看，作者的快乐是来自于他身边的人得到了回报，最终是得到身边人对工作的满意度。A项“主要取决于他自由的意志和自私的追求”这是作者的创业精神，不是工作的乐趣；C项“工作使他去激励身边的人”，真正的快乐是对身边的人赋予回报，不仅仅是激励，文中也没有提到激励；D项“基于他对自己的商业技能有坚定的信念”也不是作者快乐工作的原因。因此只有B项符合题意。

5.【试题解析】判断推理题。题干意思是“在文章的最后，作者是提出了一个什么建议？”。最后一段提到Tolearntoloveyourjob,it’simportanttofindajobwherelearningisarequirementtosuccess.（要学会热爱你的工作，那么找到一份只有学习是通往成功必经之路的工作是很重要的），另外作者陈述了做不同的工作应该如何学习的建议。B项“扮演各种各样的角色会成功”不符合题意，作者只是阐述了不同的角色应该如何学习；C项“和客户保持良好的关系”在最后一段没有提到；D项“寻找需要你的技能的其他公司”，最后一段第五行andlearnwhatothersintheworldareseekingfromfirmslikeyours（了解世界上其他人想从你们这样的公司得到什么），没有提到寻找其他公司。因此此题A项正确。

4.问答题

Thisisequallytrueofthesolidcallediceandthegascalledsteam.Chemicallythereisno

A

B

differencebetweenthegas,theliquid,andthesolid,allofwhichismadeupofmoleculeswith

C

D

theformulaH20.

【答案】试题答案：D;are

【解析】考查主谓一致。which指代的是hegas,theliquid,andthesolid，故谓语be动词用复数形are。

5.单选题

Researchsuggeststhat,heavypenaltiesdonotactasa（）topotentialcriminals.

问题1选项

A.deterrent

B.prevention

C.safeguard

D.distraction

【答案】A

【解析】本题考查了名词的辨析。deterrent“威慑物；制止物”；prevention“预防；阻止”；safeguard“保护；安全设施”；distraction“分心；消遣”，heavypenalties“严厉的刑罚”是用来威慑那些犯罪者的，所以此处应该选择名词deterrent，故正确答案为选项A。句意为：研究表明，严厉的刑罚并不能威慑那些潜在的犯罪者。

6.单选题

TheGermancompanyretaineda（）positioninhormoneresearch.

问题1选项

A.chair

B.pole

C.soap

D.floor

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定短语搭配。A选项chair“椅子；讲座；主席位；大学教授的职位”；B选项pole“杆；极点；电极”；C选项soap“肥皂；将肥皂涂在……上；对……拍马屁”；D选项floor“地板，地面；楼层；基底；议员席”。poleposition指的是方程式赛车中的“竿位”，即决赛中排在第一位出发的选手。“竿位”由决赛前排位赛中成绩最好的车手获得。此外，poleposition还可表示“跑道内圈；有利位置”。句意：这家德国公司在激素研究方面保持着有利地位。因此B选项正确。

7.单选题

14.

问题1选项

A.Thewomanistoooptimisticaboutthestocksmarket.

B.Thewomanwillevenlosemoremoneyatthestockmarket.

C.Thestockmarketbubblewillcontinuetogrow.

D.Thestockmarketbubblewillsoonmeetitsdemise.

【答案】A

【解析】W:IthinkIcouldrecoverthecoughattheendofthisyear.

M:I’msorrytoburstyourbubble,butthestockindexstillrangesbetween1900and2900afterayear.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

【解析】常用习语。女士认为今年年底该站稳了（股市会反弹），男士说：I’msorrytoburstyourbubble，即认为女士过于乐观。

8.单选题

Thenewprincipalhopesto（

）anumberofchangestothecoursesofstudy.

问题1选项

A.affect

B.effect

C.react

D.influence

【答案】B

【解析】句意:这位新校长希望对学习课程进行一些改变。

考查动词辨析。Affect影响,感染;effect使发生,实现,引起;react起反应,(对…)作出反应,回应;influence影响,对…起作用,支配。故B符合句意。

9.单选题

Itiscrucialtodevelopapowerfulstrategythroughoutthejobsearchprocessthatinvolvesthreemaincomponents:asolidresumeformatbasedonyourachievements,adynamicresumecoverletterthatgrabsanemployer'sattention,andaconsistentstrategythatbindseverythingtogether.

FirstImpressionResumeServicesofferpersonallydesignedresumeandcoverletterstrategiesandinterviewtrainingbyaCertifiedProfessionalResumeWriterandCertifiedEmploymentInterviewProfessional.Resumesamplesarefeaturedin"ExpertResumesforComputerandWebJobs","ExpertResumesforTeachersandEducators,"andtheupcoming“ExpertResumesforManufacturingIndustryProfessionals”byWendyS.EndowandLouiseM.Kursmark,publishedby1STWorks.

Aftercompletinganin-depthinterview,yourresumeformatisdevelopedtofocusonyourcareergoals,notonlyonyourpastjobexperience.Accomplishments,keywords,andstrategicplacementofcriticalinformationformadynamicandsuccessfulblueprintforyourjobsearch(Tip:Searchforjob-relatedkeywords(nouns)inclassifiedadsinthenewspaperoronlineatjobboards).Byknowingtherightquestionstoask,FirstImpressioncanhelpyouanduncoverpertinent(相关的)informationyoumayhaveoverlooked.

WeascribetoaprofessionalCodeofEthicsandguaranteeprompt,courteousprofessional,andethicalservices.FirstImpressionoffersprofessionalresumewritinghelp,jobreadiness,andpersonalsupporttoadultswhoareinneed.

1.Agoodresumedesignmustinclude（）.

2.ItwasmostprobablythatFirstImpressionResumeServiceswas（）.

3.Whatdoestheofficeoffer?

4.Fromthecontext,wecanguessthattheword“tip’’(inparagraph3)probablymeans（）.

5.Theofficeguaranteesthat（）.

问题1选项

A.achievements,coverletterandaconsistentstrategy

B.asolidresumeformat,grabsanemployer’sattention;bindseverythingtogether

C.formatdesign,coverdesignandconsistenceconsideration

D.noneoftheabove

问题2选项

A.anofficethatinterviewspeoplewhoarelookingforajob

B.anofficethatgivesadvicetojob-huntingpeopleonhowtosucceedingettingemployed

C.anofficethatinterviewspeoplewhoarelookingforajob

D.anofficethatgivesadvicetoyoungpeoplewhowanttostartaprofession

问题3选项

A.Avarietyofresumesamples.

B.Interviewtraining.

C.Personallydesignedresumesandcoverletterstrategies.

D.Alloftheabove

问题4选项

A.extremity

B.point

C.premium

D.advice

问题5选项

A.theywillgivetheirservicesonthebasisoftheCodeofEthics

B.theywillgiveperfectservices

C.theywillofferprofessionalhelptoallkindsofpeople

D.alloftheabove

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。根据第一段的内容“在整个求职过程中制定一个强有力的策略是至关重要的，该策略包括三个主要部分：以你的成就为基础的一致的简历格式，吸引雇主注意的动态简历求职信，以及将所有内容结合在一起的连贯策略。”由此可知，选项B符合原文。

2.判断推理题。根据第二段第一句“FirstImpressionResumeServicesofferpersonallydesignedresumeandcoverletterstrategiesandinterviewtrainingbyaCertifiedProfessionalResumeWriterandCertifiedEmploymentInterviewProfessional.第一印象简历服务中心提供个人设计的简历和求职信策略以及经过认证的专业简历写手和就业面试专家的面试培训。”由此可知，第一印象简历服务中心是一家为找工作的人提供如何成功找到工作的建议的办公室，所以选项B正确。

3.细节事实题。本题答案定位也是在第二段第一句，根据上一题可知，A、B、C三个选项都是第一印象简历服务中心所提供的服务。所以选项D正确。

4.语义推断题。根据第三段第二句“Accomplishments,keywords,andstrategicplacementofcriticalinformationformadynamicandsuccessfulblueprintforyourjobsearch(Tip:Searchforjob-relatedkeywords(nouns)inclassifiedadsinthenewspaperoronlineatjobboards).成就、关键字和关键信息的战略性布局构成了一个动态的、成功的求职蓝图（Tip:在报纸分类广告或在线求职网站上搜索与工作相关的关键词(名词)）。”由此可知，Tip指的是建议，忠告，选项D与之意思最为相符，所以正确。

5.细节事实题。根据原文最后一段的内容“我们遵循职业道德准则，保证及时、礼貌、专业和道德的服务。第一印象为有需要的成年人提供专业的简历撰写、工作准备和个人支持。”由此可知，选项A符合原文。B选项中的“perfectservice”在原文中没有承诺；C选项中“allkindsofpeople”表述太绝对，所以也不正确。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

10.单选题

Hesaiditwasimportantthateverymember（）hissubscriptionbytheendofthemonth.

问题1选项

A.sends

B.end

C.sent

D.hadsent

【答案】B

【解析】句意:他说，重要的是每个会员都要在月底前提交注册资料。

考查常用句型。在itisimportantthat引导的句型中，后面的从句谓语动词应该用should(可省略)+动词原形。

11.单选题

PerhapsonlyasmallboytrainingtobeawizardattheHogwartsschoolofmagiccouldcastaspellsopowerfulastocreatethebiggestbooklaunchever.WhereverintheworldtheclockstrikesmidnightonJune20th,hisfollowerswillflocktogettheirpawsononeofmorethan10mcopiesof’’HarryPotterandtheOrderofthePhoenix".Bookshopswillopeninthemiddleofthenightanddeliveryfirmsaredraftinginextrastaffandbleatertrucks.Relaxedtoys,games,DVDsandothermerchandisewillbeeverywhere.TherewillbenoescapingPottennania.

YetMr.Potter’sworldisacuriousone,inwhichthingsareoftennotwhattheyappear.Whileanexcitablemedia(herebyincludingTheEconomist,happytosupportsuchafineexampleofglobalization)ishelpingtohypethelaunchofJ.K.Rowling'sfifthnovelaboutthemostadventurousthingthatthepublishers(ScholasticinAmericaandBritain'sBloomsburyinEnglishelsewhere)haveorganizedisareadingbyMs.RowlinginLondon'sRoyalAlbertHail,tobebroadcastasaJivewebcast.Hollywood,whichownseverythingelsetodowithHarryPotter,saysitisdoingevenless.Incredibleasitmayseem,theguardiansofthebrandsaythat,toprotectthePotterfranchise,theyaretryingtomaintainalowprofile.Well,relativelylow.

MsRowlingsignedacontractin1998withWarnerBrothers,partofAOLTimeWarner,givingthestudioexclusivefilm,licensingandmerchandisingrightsinreturnforwhatnowappearstohavebeenasteal:some$500,000.WarnerlicensesotherfirmstoproducegoodsusingHarryPottercharactersorimages,fromwhichMsRowlinggetsabigenoughcutthatsheisnowwealthierthanthequeen-ifyoubelieveBritain’sSundayTimesrichlist.Theprocessisselfgenerating:eachbooksetsthestageforafilm,whichboostsbooksales,whichliftssalesofPotterproducts.

Globally,thefirstfourHarryPotterbookshavesoldsome200mcopiesin55languages;thetwomovieshavegrossedover$1.8billionattheboxoffice.Thisisastunningsuccessbyanymeasure,especiallyasMsRowlinghaslongdemandedthatHarryPottershouldnotbeovercommercialized,inlinewithherwishes,Warnersaysitisbeingextraordinarilycareful,atleastbyHollywoodstandards,aboutwhatitlicensesandtowhom.ItimposedtoughconditionsonCocaCola,insistingthatnoHarryPotterimagesshouldappearoncans,andisnowintheprocessofmakingitslicensingprogrammeevenmorerestrictive.Cokemaysoonbeconsideredtoomassmarkettocarrythebrandatall.

ThedealwithWarnertiesmuchofthemerchandisingtothefilmsalone.Therearenoofficiallysanctionedproductsrelatingto"OrderofthePhoenix";noryetfor"HarryPotterandPrisonerofAzkaban",thefilmofthethirdbook,whichisdueoutinJune2004.WarneragreesthatMsRowling’screationisadifferentsortofcommercialproperty,onewithlong-termpotentialthatcouldbedamagedbyatypicalHollywoodmarketingblitz,saysDianeNelson,thestudio’sglobalbrandmanagerforHarryPotter.Itisvital,sheadds,thatwithmoretocome,readersofthebocksarenotalienated."Theevidencefromourmarketresearchisthatenthusiasmfortheproperlybyfansisnotwaning."

1.Whentheauthorsays“therewillbenoescapingPottermania”，heimpliesthat（

）.

2.MsRowling’sreadinginLondon’sRoyalAlbertHallismentionedtoshow

（

）.

3.Theauthorbelievesthat

（

）.

4.Paragraph4intendsmainlytoflowWarner's

（

）.

5.Itcanbeconcludedfromthelastparagraphthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.HarryPotter'sappealforthereadersissimplyirresistible

B.itissomewhatirrationaltobesocrazyaboutthemagicboy

C.crazeaboutHarryPotterwillnotbeoverinthenearfuture

D.Hogwartsschoolofmagicwillbethebiggestattractionworldover

问题2选项

A.publishersarereallyadventurousinmanagingthePotter'sbusiness

B.businessesareactuallymorecrediblethanmediainPotter’sworld

C.themediaarepromotingPottermaniamoreactivelythanHollywood

D.businessesinvolvedwithPotteraremovingalonginanunusualway

问题3选项

A.Britain’sSundayTimesrichlistisnotveryconvincingasitsounds

B.TimeWarner'smanagementoflicensesisabitovercommerciatized

C.otherfirmsmayproducegoodsusingHarryPotterimagesatwill

D.whatMsRowlinggotinreturnforherofferingtoWarnerisarealbargain

问题4选项

A.determinationtopromotePotter

B.consistenceinconductingbusiness

C.highregardforMsRowling'srequest

D.carefulrestrictionsonlicensingtoCoco-Cola

问题5选项

A.productsofPotterfilmshavebroughtenormous,profitstoWarner

B.currentHollywood'smarketingofPottermaydamageitspotential

C.readerscouldgettiredofMsRowling'swritingssoonerorlater

D.WarnerwillmaintainthesamestrategywithPotterinfuture

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.文章第一段讲述了哈利波特迷们的世界性狂热，没有人能够躲过哈利波特狂潮（Relaxedtoys,games,DVDsandothermerchandisewillbeeverywhere.TherewillbenoescapingPottennania），说明哈利波特的吸引力极其强大。选项A“哈利波特的吸引力势不可挡”符合题意。

2.文章第二段提到了罗琳应邀去朗读这件事是为了保持低调（Incredibleasitmayseem,theguardiansofthebrandsaythat,toprotectthePotterfranchise,theyaretryingtomaintainalowprofile），选项D符合题意。

3.文章第三段提到罗琳与华纳兄弟签订一个五十万美元的合约，在作者看来inreturnforwhatnowappearstohavebeenasteal:some$500,000，作者称为“steal”,选项D符合题意。

4.文章第四段讲述了由于罗琳提出不能让哈利波特过于商业化（overcommercialized），因此华纳兄弟公司按照罗琳所说的去做了，选项C符合题意。

5.选项A可以从文章第四段推测出，并不是最后一段得出的，排除；作者对华纳兄弟的做法是予以支持的，所以选项B排除；从文章中可以看出哈利波特迷的热情有增无减，所以选项C排除。因此，选项D符合题意。

12.单选题

Ataboutthesametime,doctorsbegantounderstand______together.

问题1选项

A.whichwentdirtanddisease

B.whatwentdirtanddisease

C.thatdirtanddiseasewent

D.thatdiddirtanddiseasego

【答案】C

【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：大约在同一时间，医生们开始明白污垢和疾病相伴而生。本从句成分完整，不需要用先行词作从句成分，故先行词用that，从句时态和主句时态保持一致，故用过去式，所以C选项thatdirtanddiseasewent符合题意。因此C选项正确。

13.单选题

Whilestillcatching-uptomeninsomespheresofmodernlife,womenappeartobewayaheadinatleastoneundesirablecategory.“Womenareparticularlysusceptibletodevelopingdepressionandanxietydisordersinresponsetostresscomparedtomen,”accordingtoDr.Yehuda,chiefpsychiatristatNewYork’sVeteran’sAdministrationHospital.

Studiesofbothanimalsandhumanshaveshownthatsexhormonessomehowaffectsthestressresponse,causingfemalesunderstresstoproducemoreofthetriggerchemicalsthandomalesunderthesameconditions.Inseveralofthestudies,whenstressed-outfemaleratshadtheirovaries(thefemalereproductiveorgans)removed,theirchemicalresponsesbecameequaltothoseofthemales.

Addingtoawoman’sincreaseddoseofstresschemicals,areherincreased“opportunities”forstress.“It’snotnecessarilythatwomendon’tcopeaswell.It’sjustthattheyhavesomuchmoretocopewith,”saysDr.Yehuda.“Theircapacityfortoleratingstressmayevenbegreaterthanmen’s,”sheobserves,“it’sjustthatthey’redealingwithsomanymorethingsthattheybecomewornoutfromitmorevisiblyandsooner.”

Dr.Yehudanotesanotherdifferencebetweenthesexes.“Ithinkthatthekindsofthingsthatwomenareexposedtotendtobeinmoreofachronicorrepeatednature.Mengotowarandareexposedtocombatstress.Menareexposedtomoreactsofrandomphysicalviolence.Thekindsofinterpersonalviolencethatwomenareexposedtotendtobeindomesticsituations,by,unfortunately,parentsorotherfamilynumbers,andtheytendnottobeone-shotdeals.Thewear-and-tearthatcomesfromtheselongerrelationshipscanbequitedevastating.”

AdelineAlvarezmarriedat18andgavebirthtoason,butwasdeterminedtofinishcollege.“Istruggledalottogetthecollegedegree.Iwaslivinginsomuchfrustrationthatthatwasmyescape,togotoschool,andgetaheadanddobetter.”Later,hermarriageendedandshebecameasinglemother.“It’sthehardestthingtotakecareofateenager,haveajob,paytherent,paythecarpayment,andpaythedebt.Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck.”

NoteveryoneexperiencesthekindsofseverechronicstressesAlvarezdescribes.Butmostwomentodayarecopingwithalotofobligations,withfewbreaks,andfeelingthestrain.Alvarez’sexperiencedemonstratestheimportanceoffindingwaystodiffusestressbeforeitthreatensyourhealthandyourabilitytofunction.

1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs？

2.Dr.Yehuda’sresearchsuggeststhatwomen（）

3.AccordingtoParagraph4,thestresswomenconfronttendstobe（）

4.Thesentence“Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck.”(Line4,Para.5)showsthat（）

5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

问题1选项

A.Womenaremoreexperiencedthanmenincopingwithstress.

B.Menandwomenshowdifferentinclinationswhenfacedwithstress.

C.Womenarebiologicallymorevulnerabletostress.

D.Womenarestillsufferingmuchstresscausedbymen.

问题2选项

A.havelimitedcapacityfortoleratingstress.

B.needextradosesofchemicalstohandlestress.

C.areexposedtomorestress.

D.aremorecapableofavoidingstress.

问题3选项

A.domesticandtemporary.

B.durableandfrequent.

C.irregularandviolent.

D.trivialandrandom.

问题4选项

A.Alvarezcaredaboutnothingbutmakingmoney.

B.Alvarezgotpaychecksfromdifferentjobs.

C.Alvarez’ssalarybarelycoveredherhouseholdexpenses.

D.Alvarezpaidpracticallyeverythingbycheck.

问题5选项

A.StrainofStress:NoWayOut?

B.ResponsestoStress:GenderDifference

C.StressAnalysis:WhatChemicalsSay

D.GenderInequality:WomenUnderStress

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.判断推理题。题目问的是：根据前两段的内容，下列哪一项是正确的？根据原文第一段的第二句Womenareparticularlysusceptibletodevelopingdepressionandanxietydisordersinresponsetostresscomparedtomen…（与男性相比，女性在面对压力时特别容易患上抑郁症和焦虑症）以及第二段第一句Studiesofbothanimalsandhumanshaveshownthatsexhormonessomehowaffectthestressresponse,causingfemalesunderstresstoproducemoreofthetriggerchemicalsthandomalesunderthesameconditions.（对动物和人类的研究表明，性激素会以某种方式影响应激反应，使处于压力下的女性比处于相同条件下的男性产生更多的触发化学物质。）由此可知，C选项“从生理上来看，女性更容易受到压力的影响”表述正确。故本题正确答案为C选项。

2.判断推理题。题目问的是：Dr.Yehuda的研究表明女性……。根据原文第三段第一句Addingtoawoman’sincreaseddoseofstresschemicals,areherincreased“opportunities”forstress.（女性压力大的原因除了是因为激素增加导致压力大外，还因为增加了造成压力的“机会”。）由此可知，C选项“会承受更多的压力”正确。因此本题正确答案为C选项。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是：根据第四段的内容，女性面临的压力往往是？根据第四段第二句…womenareexposedtotendtobeinmoreofachronicorrepeatednature.（女性所面临的压力更多是慢性或重复性的性质。）由此可知，B选项的“持久的，频繁的”符合原文表述。A选项“家庭内部的，暂时性的”；C选项“不规律的，暴力的”；D选项“琐碎的，偶然的”均不正确。

4.语义推断题。题目问的是：“我生活在不停的支票支付中”是什么意思？根据原文第五段的内容可知，Alvarez作为单身母亲，有很大的生活压力，她要照顾十几岁的孩子，还要工作，付房租，付汽车费用，还要还债务。由此可见，她的工资早已捉襟见肘，难以支撑家庭开支。选项C与原文表述一致，所以正确。

5.主旨大意题。题目问的是：这篇文章最恰当的标题是？本文通过讲述两性在生理以及实际生活中的差异，描述了女性在压力面前的表现，侧重分析了女性压力大的主要原因。A选项没有集中于体现男女之间的差异，因此A选项错误；B选项只是表明男女之间在压力方面存在差异，并未侧重表现女性要面对更多压力；C选项表示只是属于造成压力的其中一个因素，不能概括文章全部内容。因此本题正确答案为D选项。

14.单选题

Thefamousinventorwasawardedan（）_doctoratebytheuniversity.

问题1选项

A.honorary

B.honorable

C.honored

D.honorific

【答案】A

【解析】形近异义词辨析。honorary“荣誉的”；honorable“可敬的”；honored“受尊敬的”；honorific“表示敬意的”。句意：这位著名的发明家被这个大学授予了荣誉的博士学位。选项A符合题意。

15.单选题

Sheansweredwithan（）“No”totherequestthatsheattendthepublichearing.

问题1选项

A.eloquent

B.effective

C.emotional

D.emphatic

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项eloquent“意味深长的；雄辩的，有口才的；有说服力的”；B选项effective“有效的，起作用的；实际的，实在的”；C选项emotional“情绪的；易激动的；感动人的”；D选项emphatic“着重的；加强语气的；显著的”。由本句“Sheansweredwithan______‘No’”（她回答不）可知她对否定这件事情的态度的坚决，所以emphatic的意义与其对应。句意：对于要求她出席公开听证会的要求，她断然地说了“不”。因此D选项正确。

16.不定项选择题

Thefirstthingtonoticeisthatthemediawe’reallfamiliarwith—frombookstotelevision—areone-waypropositions:theypushtheircontentatus.TheWebistwo-way,pushandpull.Infinerpoint,itcombinestheone-wayreachofbroadcastwiththetwo-wayreciprocityofamid-cast.Indeed,itsusercanatoncebeareceiverandsenderofbroadcast—aconfusingproperty,butmind-stretching!

AsecondaspectoftheWebisthatitisthefirstmediumthathonorsthenotionofmultipleintelligences.Thispastcentury’sconceptofliteracygrewoutofourintensebeliefintext,afocusenhancedbythepowerofoneparticulartechnology—thetypewriter.Itbecameagreattoolforwritersbutaterribleoneforothercreativeactivitiessuchassketching,painting,notatingmusic,orevenmathematics.Thetypewriterprizedoneparticularkindofintelligence,butwiththeWeb,wesuddenlyhaveamediumthathonorsmultipleformsofintelligence—abstract,textual,visual,musical,social,andkinesthetic.Aseducators,wenowhaveachancetoconstructamediumthatenablesallyoungpeopletobecomeengagedintheiridealwayoflearning.TheWebaffordsthematchweneedbetweenamediumandhowaparticularpersonlearns.

AthirdandunusualaspectoftheWebisthatitleveragesthesmalleffortsofthemanywiththelargeeffortsofthefew.Forexample,researchersintheMaricopaCountyCommunityCollegesysteminPhoenixhavefoundawaytolinkasetofseniorcitizenswithpupilsintheLongviewElementarySchool,ashelper-mentors.It’swonderfultoseekidslistentothesegrandparentsbetterthantheydototheirownparents,thementoringreallyhelpstheirteachers,andtheseniorscreateasenseofmeaningforthemselves.Thus,thesmalleffortsoftheman—theseniors—complementthelargeeffortsofthefew—theteachers.ThesamethingcanbefoundinoperationatHewlett-Packard,whereengineersusetheWebtohelpkidswithscienceormathproblems.Bothoftheseexamplesbarelyscratchthesurfaceaswethinkaboutwhat’spossiblewhenwestartinterlacingresourceswithneedsacrossawholeregion.

1.Whatdoesthewordmind-stretchingimply?

A.Obtainingone’smentalpower.

B.Strengtheningone’spowerofthought.

C.Makinggreatdemandsonone’smentalpower.

D.Exertingone’smentalpowerasfaraspossible.

2.Whatisaterribletoolforactivitiessuchassketchingandpainting?

A.Technology.

B.Typewriter.

C.Text.

D.Theweb.

3.Whichgroupofpeoplemakesomeeffortstohelppupilsinelementaryschools?

A.Teachers.

B.Researchers.

C.Grandparents.

D.Seniorcitizens.

4.Thesentencetheseniorscreateasenseofmeaningforthemselvesmeanstheseniors（）.

A.acquireanewmeaningoftheirlives

B.understandthemeaningoftheweb

C.createawebsiteforthemselves

D.addanewmeaningtotheweb

5.Theexpress