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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京师范大学珠海分校考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Thesunisnotgrowingweaker,yetitslightappearstobedimming.Between1960and1990,somescientistsbelieve,theamountofsolarradiationreachingEarth’ssurfacemayhavedeclinedasmuchas10%—andinsomeplaces,HongKong,forexample,morethan35%.

Whatwasgoingon?Well,itappearsthatincreasedairpollutionduringthose30years—overAsia,inparticular—withthehelp,perhaps,ofsomeincreasedcloudiness,mayhaveexertedacoolinginfluenceonthesurfaceoftheplanetevenascarbondioxideandothergreenhousegaseswereencouragingtheatmospheretowarm.Theimpactsofthattug-of-warontheclimatesystemcouldbedevilishlydifficulttountangle.Atthesametime,notaskcouldbemoreurgent.Forifglobalpollutionhashelpedkeepglobalwarmingincheck,saysVeerabhadranRamanthan,anatmosphericscientistattheUniversityofCaliforniaatSanDiego,thenthefullimpactofthebuildupofgreenhousegaseshasyettobefelt.Thisweek,attheAmericanGeophysicalUnionmeetinginMontreal,Ramanathanandotherswillbepresentingthelatestdataonthesolar-dimmingproblemandponderingitsimplicationsfortheclimatesystemasawhole.

Manyscenariosforglobalwarming,forexample,invokeaspeedupinthehydrologicalcyclebywhichwaterevaporatesandthencomesdownasrain.Thecoolingproducedbysolardimming,however,mayslowtherateofevaporation,whilehigherupintheatmospherethepollutantsresponsibleforabsorbingandreflectingsunlightarelikelytointerferewiththeprocessthatproducesrain.

Why?Thesepollutants,whichtaketheformoftiny,airborneparticlescalledaerosols,actasnucleiaroundwhichclouddropletsform.Theproblemis,therearetoomanyaerosolsintheatmospherecompetingforwatermolecules,sotheclouddropletsthatformaretoosmallandneverbecomeweightyenoughtofalltotheground.Asaresult,saysBeateLiepert,anatmosphericphysicistatColumbiaUniversity’sLamont-DohertyEarthObservatory,theatmospherecouldbefilledwithmoisturewhileEarth’ssurfacethirstsforrain.

Manyquestionsremain,includingthetrueextentofthedimming.Oneanalysispegstheaverageworldwidedarkeningtobeabout4%overthreedecades,whileanothercomputesittobemorethantwicethatmuch.TherearealsoquestionsaboutthereliabilityofthedevicesthatmeasurethesunlightreachingEarth’ssurface.Knownasradiometers,theseinstrumentsarenothingmorethanflat,blacksolarcollectorscappedwithglass.Theyaresometimesfinicky:asmudgeofdirtoraspeckofdustcancausebogusreadingsandchangethecalculatedresults.

Solardimming,inotherwords,isaproblemstillintheprocessofbeingdefined,andasitsdimensionsbecomeclearer,sowillthenatureofthechallengetheworldfaces.Althoughscientistshavedonealotofthinkingaboutglobalwarming,theyarejustbeginningtograpplewiththeproblemofhowglobalwarmingandsolardimminginteract.AsRamanthanputsit,“It’slikewehaveanewgorillasittingdownatthetable”—anditcouldturnouttobeaverybiggorillaindeed.

1.Bytug-of-war,(line4,Paragraph2),theauthormeans(

).

2.Howdothescientistsfeelaboutthecurrentclimatesituation?

3.Whenmentioning“it’slikewehaveanewgorillasittingdownatthetable”(Line4,Paragraph6),theauthorimpliesthat(

).

4.Whichofthefollowingcannotserveasfactorofcausingthecoolingsurfaceoftheplanet?

5.WhichofthefollowingisTUREaccordingtothetext?

问题1选项

A.thedifferenteffectofsolardimmingandglobalwarming

B.theimpactofthesolardimmingontheclimatesystem

C.theinfluenceofthesolardimmingontheglobalwarming

D.theinteractionbetweenthesolardimmingandglobalwarming

问题2选项

A.Serious

B.Optimistic

C.Carefree

D.Panicked

问题3选项

A.scientistshouldhaveacloselookatthesolardimmingproblem

B.wearefacinganewproblemwhichisverycomplicatedanddifficulttomanage

C.wearejustbeginningtohaveresearchonthisnewfield

D.thenewsolardimmingproblemisbeyondscientists’abilitytotackle

问题4选项

A.Thelackoftherainintheplanet.

B.Theincreasingofthepollutants.

C.Theformingoftheclouddroplets.

D.Thelessweightoftheclouddroplets.

问题5选项

A.Theinstrumentsusedinthestudyaretoosimpletofunctionwell.

B.Livingthingsintheearthwillbegreatlyinfluencedbysolardimming.

C.Thereisstillalongwaytogointhestudyofsolardimming.

D.Thefindingsthatthesolardimminghasinfluenceonthesurfaceoftheplanetaredoubtful.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.词义题。由第二段“Whatwasgoingon?Well,itappearsthatincreasedairpollutionduringthose30years—overAsia,inparticular—withthehelp,perhaps,ofsomeincreasedcloudiness,mayhaveexertedacoolinginfluenceonthesurfaceoftheplanetevenascarbondioxideandothergreenhousegaseswereencouragingtheatmospheretowarm.Theimpactsofthattug-of-warontheclimatesystemcouldbedevilishlydifficulttountangle.发生了什么事?在这30年里,空气污染的加剧——尤其是在亚洲——在云层增加的帮助下,可能对地球表面产生了降温的影响,而二氧化碳和其他温室气体却在促使大气变暖。这种拉锯战对气候系统的影响可能极其难以理清。”可知tug-of-war指全球变暖以及云层增加导致地面降温,太阳变暗的相互作用。故D项正确。

2.观点态度题。由第二段“Atthesametime,notaskcouldbemoreurgent.Forifglobalpollutionhashelpedkeepglobalwarmingincheck…与此同时,没有比这更紧迫的任务了。因为如果全球污染助长了全球变暖的话……。”可知科学家认为当前的气候形势是十分严峻的。故A项正确。

3.推理判断题。通读最后一段“Solardimming,inotherwords,isaproblemstillintheprocessofbeingdefined,andasitsdimensionsbecomeclearer,sowillthenatureofthechallengetheworldfaces.Althoughscientistshavedonealotofthinkingaboutglobalwarming,theyarejustbeginningtograpplewiththeproblemofhowglobalwarmingandsolardimminginteract.换句话说,太阳变暗仍然是一个仍在界定过程中的问题,随着它的范围变得更清楚,世界所面临的挑战的性质也将更清楚。尽管科学家们已经对全球变暖做了很多思考,但他们刚刚开始解决全球变暖和太阳变暗如何相互作用的问题。”可知太阳变暗这个问题,科学家们还才刚刚开始研究,还有很多东西需要了解。最后以Ramanthan的话结尾,那么结尾语应该与上文呼应,即太阳变暗这个问题,还才开始,比较难以处理。故B项正确。

4.推理判断题。通读第四段“Why?Thesepollutants,whichtaketheformoftiny,airborneparticlescalledaerosols,actasnucleiaroundwhichclouddropletsform.Theproblemis,therearetoomanyaerosolsintheatmospherecompetingforwatermolecules,sotheclouddropletsthatformaretoosmallandneverbecomeweightyenoughtofalltotheground.Asaresult,saysBeateLiepert,anatmosphericphysicistatColumbiaUniversity’sLamont-DohertyEarthObservatory,theatmospherecouldbefilledwithmoisturewhileEarth’ssurfacethirstsforrain.为什么?这些污染物以被称为气溶胶的微小空气微粒的形式存在,它们充当云滴形成的核心。问题是,大气中有太多的悬浮颗粒在争夺水分子,所以形成的云滴太小,永远不会重到足以落到地面。哥伦比亚大学拉蒙特-多尔蒂地球观测站的大气物理学家贝亚特•利佩特说,这样一来,大气层就会充满水分,而地球表面却渴望雨水。”可知A项“地球缺少雨水”是结果,而非原因。B项“污染物的增加”,C项“云滴的形成”,D项“云滴的重量较轻”都是导致地球大气层温度低的原因。

5.推理判断题。本文最后一段提到对于太阳变暗这个问题。科学家的研究还才刚开始,还有很多东西不了解,故C项“在太阳变暗这个问题的研究上还有很长的路要走”正确。

2.单选题

Mostofthecivilservantsinvolvedintheaffairhavebeensuccessfully()andsentenced.

问题1选项

A.prosecuted

B.propagated

C.persecuted

D.precipitated

【答案】A

【解析】prosecute"起诉,告发";propagate"传播,传送;繁殖";persecute"迫害,困扰";precipitate"使沉淀;促成"。句意:大部分涉案公务员已被成功检控和判刑。选项A符合句意。

3.单选题

Thisrestaurantisfrequently()bytouristsbecauseofitsfamouscooking.

问题1选项

A.patronized

B.serviced

C.attended

D.utilized

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析。句意:旅客经常

这家餐馆,因为这里的烹饪很有名。patronized光顾;serviced为……服务;attended参加,出席;utilized利用。故选A。

4.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingtextintoEnglish.

在今天的中国,平均每天有24万人成为互联网的新用户,平均每400个中国人就拥有一个网站。按照目前的发展速度,再过两年,中国的互联网使用者将超过5亿,互联网的普及率将从目前的25.5%提高到38.5%。对于一个发展中国家而言,互联网能够如此快速普及是一大奇迹。中国人民从互联网受益匪浅。在中国,互联网正广泛应用于电子政务、电子商务、公共教育、新闻传播等各个领域。电子商务在中国快速发展,中国电子商务交易总额在过去5年保持45%以上的年均增长速度,2008年超过4600亿美元。

【答案】InChinatoday,onaverage,240,000peopleperdaybecomenewusersoftheInternetandevery400Chinesepossessonewebsite.Atthecurrentrateofdevelopment,Chinawillhavemorethan500millionInternetusersandtheInternetpenetrationratewillrisefromthecurrent25.5%to38.5%intwoyears.Foradevelopingcountry,therapidpopularizationoftheInternetisamiracle.ChinesepeoplehavebenefitedalotfromtheInternet.InChina,theInternetisbeingwidelyusedinvariousfieldssuchase-government,e-business,publiceducation,journalismandcommunicationandsoon.InChina,E-commerceisdevelopingrapidly.Thetotalvalueofe-commercetransactionsinChinahasmaintainedanaverageannualgrowthrateofmorethan45%overthepastfiveyears,exceeding$460billionin2008.

5.单选题

Withsomuchfocusonchildren'suseofscreens,it'seasyforparentstoforgetabouttheirownscreenuse.“Techisdesignedtoreallysuckonyouin,”saysJennyRadeskyinherstudyofdigitalplay,"anddigitalproductsaretheretopromotemaximalengagement.Itmakesithardtodisengage,andleadstoalotofbleed-overintothefamilyroutine."

Radeskyhasstudiedtheuseofmobilephonesandtabletsatmealtimesbygivingmother-childpairsafood-testingexercise.Shefoundthatmotherswhouseddevicesduringtheexercisestarted20percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernonverbalinteractionswiththeirchildren.Duringaseparateobservation,shesawthatphonesbecameasourceoftensioninthefamily.Parentswouldbelookingattheiremailswhilethechildrenwouldbemakingexcitedbidsfortheirattention.

Infantsarewiredtolookatparents'facestotrytounderstandtheirworld,andifthosefacesareblankandunresponsive-astheyoftenarewhenabsorbedinadevice-itcanbeextremelydisconcertingforthechildren.Radeskycitesthe"stillfaceexperiment"devisedbydevelopmentalpsychologistEdTronickinthe1970s.Init,amotherisaskedtointeractwithherchildinanormalwaybeforeputtingonablankexpressionandnotgivingthemanyvisualsocialfeedback:Thechildbecomesincreasinglydistressedasshetriestocapturehermother’sattention."Parentsdon’thavetobeexquisitelypresentatalltimes,butthereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandsensitivetoachild'sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed,"saysRadesky.

Ontheotherhand,Tronickhimselfisconcernedthattheworriesaboutkids'useofscreensarebomoutofan"oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysbeinteracting"withtheirchildren:"It’sbasedonasomewhatfantasized,verywhite,veryupper-middle-classideologythatsaysifyou’refailingtoexposeyourchildto30,000wordsyouareneglectingthem."Tronickbelievesthatjustbecauseachildisn'tlearningfromthescreendoesn'tmeanthere’snovaluetoit-particularlyifitgivesparentstimetohaveashower,dohouseworkorsimplyhaveabreakfromtheirchild.Parents,hesays,cangetalotoutofusingtheirdevicestospeaktoafriendorgetsomeworkoutoftheway.Thiscanmakethemfeelhappier,whichletsthembemoreavailabletotheirchildtherestofthetime.

1.Radeskycitesthe"stillfaceexperiment"toshowthat(

).

2.TheoppressiveideologymentionedbyTronickrequiresparentsto

).

3.AccordingtoTronick,kid'suseofscreensmay(

).

问题1选项

A.itiseasyforchildrentogetusedtoblankexpressions

B.verbalexpressionsareunnecessaryforemotionalexchange

C.childrenareinsensitivetochangesintheirparents'mood

D.parentsneedtorespondtochildren'semotionalneeds

问题2选项

A.protectkidsfromexposuretowildfantasies

B.teachtheirkidsatleast30,000wordsayear

C.ensureconstantinteractionwiththeirchildren

D.remainconcernedaboutkid'suseofscreens

问题3选项

A.givetheirparentssomefreetime

B.maketheirparentsmorecreative

C.helpthemwiththeirhomework

D.helpthembecomemoreattentive

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。题目提问‘Radesky引用“静态面部实验”来证明什么?’根据文章第三段第一句‘Infantsarewiredtolookatparents'facestotrytounderstandtheirworld,andifthosefacesareblankandunresponsive-astheyoftenarewhenabsorbedinadevice-itcanbeextremelydisconcertingforthechildren.婴儿很容易通过看父母的脸来试图理解他们的世界,如果这些脸是空白的、没有反应的——就像他们沉浸在一个设备里时经常做的那样——这对孩子来说是非常令人不安的。’和最后一句“Parentsdon’thavetobeexquisitelypresentatalltimes,butthereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandsensitivetoachild’sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed.父母不必时时刻刻都在身边,但需要有一个平衡,父母需要对孩子的情感需求的语言或非语言表达做出反应和敏感。”确定实验是为了证明D选项“父母需要回应孩子的情感需求”。

2.细节事实题。题目提问‘特罗尼克提到的压迫性意识形态要求父母干什么?’根据文章最后一段中“an‘oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysbeinteracting’withtheirchildren.“压迫性的意识形态”要求父母应该始终与孩子互动。”确定C选项“确保与孩子不断的互动”正确。

3.推理判断题。题目提问‘据特洛尼克说,孩子们使用屏幕可能会怎样?’根据最后一段中“Tronickbelievesthatjustbecauseachildisn'tlearningfromthescreendoesn'tmeanthere’snovaluetoit-particularlyifitgivesparentstimetohaveashower,dohouseworkorsimplyhaveabreakfromtheirchild.特罗尼克认为,孩子没有从屏幕上学习并不意味它没有价值,特别是如果父母有时间洗澡、做家务或者仅仅是因不用照顾小孩而可以休息一下。Parents,hesays,cangetalotoutofusingtheirdevicestospeaktoafriendorgetsomeworkoutoftheway.Thiscanmakethemfeelhappier,whichletsthembemoreavailabletotheirchildtherestofthetime.他说,父母可以通过使用他们的设备和朋友交谈或做些工作以获得很多好处。这会让他们感到更快乐,这会让他们在其他的时间里更容易接触到自己的孩子。”可知,孩子使用屏幕可以让父母有更多时间去做别的事情,所以A选项“给父母更多自由时间”正确。

6.单选题

Althoughthemodellooksgoodonthesurface,itwillnotbearclose().

问题1选项

A.temperament

B.contamination

C.scrutiny

D.symmetry

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项temperament“气质,性情”;B选项contamination“污染”;C选项scrutiny“详细审查,细看”;D选项symmetry“对称”。句意:尽管这个模型表面上看起来还不错,但它经不起细看。选项C符合句意。

7.单选题

Onewayforwriterstosupportapointisthrough(

),thatis,bymeansofseveralexamplestobackupanidea.

问题1选项

A.illustration

B.explanation

C.demonstration

D.interpretation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项illustration“说明”,有举例说明的意思;B选项explanation“解释”;C选项demonstration“游行示威,证明”;D选项interpretation“解释,说明”。根据severalexamples(几个例子)可知选A。句意:作家支持一个观点的一种方法是通过说明,即通过几个例子来支持一个观点。

8.单选题

Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthetactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thathedoesnotwholeheartedlyparticipateinhisworkandthatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblue-collarandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.

Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob;theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.

Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoredmatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasforthetightmixtureofsubmissivenessandindependence.Fromthatmomentontheyaretestedagainandagainbythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong.etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone'sfellow-competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.

AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century“freeenterprise”capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities—thoseofloveandofreason—aretheaimsofallsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.

1.By“awell-oiledcoginthemachinery”theauthorintendstorendertheideathatmanis().

2.Fromdiepassagewecaninterthatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothose().

3.Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorsuggeststhatweshould().

4.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsindustrialismmightbestbesummarizedasoneof().

问题1选项

A.anecessarypartofthesocietythougheachindividual'sfunctionisnegligible

B.workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofthesociety

C.anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofthesociety,thoughfunctioningsmoothly

D.ahumblecomponentofthesociety,especiallywhenworkingsmoothly

问题2选项

A.whoareatthebottomofthesociety

B.whoprovebetterthantheirfellow-competitors

C.whocouldkeepfarawayfromthiscompetitiveworld

D.whoarehigherupintheirsocialstatus

问题3选项

A.resorttotheproductionmodeofourancestors

B.offerhigherwagestotheworkersandemployees

C.enablemantofullydevelophispotentialities

D.takethefundamentalrealitiesforgranted

问题4选项

A.approval

B.dissatisfaction

C.suspicion

D.tolerance

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:B

【解析】1.信息推断题。根据第一段“...yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless...”,由此推断,作者将人比喻成机械中运转良好的齿轮,实则是想表明人们相对于社会中其他部分来说已经变得不那么重要了。选项C符合原文。

2.信息推理题。根据第二段的内容可知,作者认为这些人之所以焦虑是因为处于一个竞争激烈的社会之中,只有远离了竞争激烈的社会,才会有真正幸福的生活。所以选项C正确。

3.事实细节题。根据最后一段的内容可知,作者建议将官僚主义的工业转变为以人为本的工业主义,使人能充分发挥他的潜力。选项C符合原文。

4.态度判断题。根据文章内容可知,作者认为现在的工业主义使人丧失了其在社会中应发挥的重要作用,最后一段提到了作者建议将工业主义转变为一种以人为本的工业主义,所以作者对待工业主义的态度是不满的。选项B正确。

9.单选题

A(

)isagrillonwhichmeat,fish,andotherfoodsarecookedoverhotcharcoal,usuallyoutofdoors.

问题1选项

A.duet

B.barbecue

C.tonic

D.fag

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项duet“二重奏”;B选项barbecue“烧烤”;C选项tonic“补药”;D选项fag“苦工、疲劳”,由题干中提到的各种食物以及热木炭,可知barbecue“烧烤”符合语境。句意为:烧烤是肉、鱼和其他食物放在烤架上,再在热木炭上烘烤,通常在户外进行。故正确答案选B。

10.单选题

Themagicianpickedoutseveralpeople()fromtheaudienceandaskedthemtohelphimwiththeperformance.

问题1选项

A.byaccident

B.onoccasion

C.atrandom

D.onaverage

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定结构。byaccident“意外的”;onoccasion“有时”;atrandom“胡乱的、随便的”;onaverage“平均的”。本句意为“魔术师随意的从观众中挑选一些人帮助他表演”,atrandom符合句意,因此选C。

11.翻译题

Directions:TranslatetheunderlinedpartofthefollowingTEXTintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

在一般人的观念中,中国传统文化和现代生活似乎是两个截然不同而且相互对立的实体。前者是中国几千年积累下来的旧文化传统,后者则是近百余年才出现的一套新的生活方式,而且源于西方。所以这两者的冲突实质上也被理解为西方现代文化对中国传统文化的冲击与挑战。

在这个一般的理解之下产生种种不同的观点与态度,但大体上可以分为两个方向,一方面是拥抱西方文化,认为中国传统文化是现代生活的阻碍,另一方面则极力维护传统,视西方的现代生活破坏了传统的道德秩序。在这两种极端的态度之间当然还存在着不同程度及模式各异的调和论。实际上,中国传统文化与现代生活并不是两个不相干也不是相互排斥对立的实体。“现代生活”即是中国传统文化在现代的具体转变。中国传统文化的现代转变使其已经脱离了旧的轨道,并且不可否认地受到了西方文化的重大影响。但现代文化并不等同于西方文化,我们所接纳的科技以及制度层面上的西方文化并不会触及中国传统文化的价值系统的核心部分。

【答案】Undersuchageneralcomprehension,variousviewsandattitudeshavearisen.Buttheycanroughlybedividedintotwodifferentdirections:oneistoembracewesternculture,regardingtraditionalChinesecultureasahindrancetomodernlife;theotherstrivestomaintaintradition,believingthatthewesternmodernlifehasbrokenthetraditionalmoralorder.Betweenthesetwoextremesofattitude,ofcourse,thereareavarietyofopinionsindifferentdegreesandpatterns.Infact,Chinesetraditionalcultureandmodernlifeareneithermutuallyexclusivenoropposingentities.“Modernlife”istheconcretetransformationofChinesetraditionalcultureinmoderntimes.ThemoderntransformationofChinesetraditionalculturehasalreadydeviateditselfawayfromtheoldtrackandundeniablysufferedthesubstantialinfluencesfromwesternculture.

12.单选题

Anypropertythatabankruptpersonmaystillhaveisusuallydividedamongthevariouspeopletowhommoneyareowed.

问题1选项

A.property

B.maystillhave

C.among

D.areowed

【答案】D

【解析】根据题中的money为不可数名词,可知D选项应该用isowed,句意:破产人的财产仍然会被分给债权人。选项D符合题意。

13.单选题

Jack(

)theprobleminhismindfortwodaysbeforehedidsomethingaboutit.

问题1选项

A.turnedout

B.turnedto

C.turnedon

D.turnedover

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。turnedout结果是;turnedto转向,求助于;turnedon打开;turnover仔细考虑。句意:杰克在采取行动之前,关于这个问题,他在脑海中仔细考虑了两天。D项符合句意,答案D

14.单选题

)atamusicstorewasoneofLilArmstrong’sfirstprofessionaljobsasayoungpianistwhenshecametoChicagoin1917.

问题1选项

A.Demonstrationtunes

B.Demonstratingtunes

C.Demonstratetunes

D.Tunesthatdemonstrated

【答案】B

【解析】考查句子结构。句意:LilArmstrong1917年来到芝加哥时,作为年轻的钢琴家的第一份专业工作是在音乐商店里演奏曲调。空格处所填单词与后面部分一起构成名词短语做整个句子的主语。C项demonstrate是动词,不能做主语。A、D两项中tunes是复数,而谓语动词是was,故排除。

15.单选题

Themissioncontrollerssayitisimportantto________thatthespacepioneersdonotgohungry.

问题1选项

A.ensure

B.assure

C.becertain

D.bedependent

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项“保证,确保”;B选项“保证,担保”;C“确信,肯定”;D选项“依靠”。句意:任务团的负责人说:“()太空航天员不饿肚子是很重要的。”根据句意排除D。

1.assure用来表示向某人保证某事将要发生,既可以用来确证某事,也可以表示使某人确信,assure的宾语通常是人或人称代词,如Heassuredusofhisabilitytosolvetheproblem(他向我们保证他有解决这件事的能力)

2.ensure的意思是使某行为或某件事的结果得以保证,即确保某事发生(tomakesurethatsth.happens)。ensure后可以直接跟that-clause,并可以用复合宾语。Wemustensurethatallpatientshaveaccesstohighqualitycare.(我们必须确保所有的病人都能够得到高质量的护理。)

3.certain表示某人准确无疑的相信某事,如She’sabsolutelycertainshe’sgoingtomakeitintheworld.(她确信自己将享誉全球。)

16.填空题

After(1)aboutitforseveralweeks,wedecidedtodoourfieldworkinanareaofsoutheasternYunnan(2)alongtheborderwithVietnam.The(3)withourchoicewasthattheareawasclosed,sowehadtoaskforofficial(4)toworkatthesitewehadinmind.(5),theofficialswespokewithwereveryopentoourarguments,afterwe(6)ourreasonsforwantingtodofieldworkneartheborder,theyquicklyapprovedourrequest.Wefinishedourfieldworkin2005.LastmonthIwent(7)totheareaforthefirsttimeanddiscoveredthatthingshavechangedgreatly(8)then.Theareaisnowcompletelyopenandthereisabrisktradeinmanufacturedgoodsinthetownsonsidesoftheborder.

句意:

在开始工作几个星期后,我们决定去云南东南部一个沿途与越南接壤的地方进行我们的野外作业。我们选择存在的一个问题是这个地方是关闭的,所以为了去在我们所想的地方作业,我们不得不去寻求官方的许可。幸运的是,与我们谈话的官员们非常乐意接受我们的推理。在我们解释完我们选择在临近边境地方做野外工作的原因后,他们很快就同意了我们的请求。

我们在2005年完成了我们的野外工作。上个月我独自第一次去了那个地方,发现情况从那时起己发生很大变化。这个区域现在是完全开发的,边境两边城镇里的制成品生意很兴隆。

【答案】1.setting

2.all

3.problem

4.approval

5.Fortunately

6.explained

7.alone

8.from

【解析】1.固定搭配。Setaboutdoingsth.开始着手做某事。

2.固定搭配。Allalong沿途,一路。

3.由后面的theareawasclosed“这个地方被关闭了”可推知“我的选择有问题”,根据“was”推测此处应用单数形式problem。

4.语义题。句意:在这个地方工作需要寻求官方的许可。

5.逻辑衔接。本来以为官方人员不好打交道,幸运的是他们比较开明。

6.逻辑衔接。说明施工原因。

7.逻辑关系。由关键词“I我”知这里可用副词alone独自”来修饰went(动词go“去”的过去式)。

8.由空格前的“havechanged己发生变化”为现在完成时态及“then那时”知可填一个表示“从……起”的介词,故可填from来构成from…then从那时起”。

both空格后面为复数形式sides,这里填入both表示边境的两边。

17.单选题

Thebookwaswidelytranslatedandcopiedintheancientworldandwasinfluential().

问题1选项

A.atanyprice

B.withinreach

C.beyondmeasure

D.onpurpose

【答案】C

【解析】考查介词短语辨析。atanyprice“无论如何”;withinreach“伸手可及”;beyondmeasure“无可估量”;onpurpose“有目的地,故意地”。句意:在古代这本书被广泛地翻译和复制,其影响力______。根据关键信息widely,可知选项C符合题意。

18.单选题

ChoosethecorrectletterfromA-Dforeachanswer.

1.ScottMiller()

2.JoanneMcCarthy()

3.LouiseTate()

4.GeorgeMercer()

5.Thewriterofthisarticle()

问题1选项

A.hadalwayswantedtoworkfromhome.

B.nolongerhastheoriginalreasonforworkingfromhome.

C.haddifficultypersuadinghisemployertolethimdoit.

D.onlyvisitstheofficeforstaffmeetings.

问题2选项

A.sometimeshasregretsaboutworkingfromhome.

B.enjoystalkingaboutherworkwithherhusband.

C.isstilllearningherbusiness.

D.isdeterminedtoensurethatworkingfromhomesatisfiesher.

问题3选项

A.gotangrywithherhusbandabouttheofficedoor.

B.hadtohaveatotalchangeofmindsettobeworkfromhome.

C.oftengetsdistractedbyherdomesticduties.

D.recommendsworkingfromhome.

问题4选项

A.doesallhisbusinessusingmoderntelecommunications.

B.usuallyonlyseeshismanagersatscheduledmeetings.

C.liveslessthan7milesfromanyofthiscafes.

D.Noneoftheabove.

问题5选项

A.isenviousofthesepeoplebeingabletoworkfromhome.

B.worksfromhomeherself.

C.doesn’tgiveheropiniononthesubject.

D.planstoworkfromhomeinthefuture.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据文章第三段,“Interestingly,IfeelthatIworkevenbetterfromhome,somuchsothateventhoughoursonnowatschool,Istillworkthere.”,可知ScottMiller认为在家工作得更好。可判断出ScottMiller一直想在家工作。选项A符合题意。

2.事实细节题。根据文章第四段,“Shesaysshelovesthefreedomthatworkingfromhomegivesher,butshereallymissedthesocialinteraction.”,可知JoanneMcCarthy喜欢在家工作给她带来的自由,但她真的很怀念社交活动。可判断出JoanneMcCarthy有时会后悔在家工作。选项A符合题意。

3.事实细节题。根据文章第六段,“Itwassoeasytogetdistractedbytheotherthingsyouhavetodoathome,likewastingandcleaning”,可知LouiseTate认为在家工作很容易被家里要做的其他事情分心,比如丢垃圾和打扫。可判断出Louise经常被家务分心。选项C符合题意。

4.事实细节题。根据文章倒数第二段,“IfIgetfedupwithworkingfromhomeorifthereareproblemsthathavetobedealtwithinperson.Ijustjumpinthecaranddrivetothecafes.”,可知除了倒数第三段中提到他通过现代通讯和经理们交流之外,如果厌倦了在家工作,或者有一些问题需要亲自处理,会直接去咖啡馆。选项A可排除。根据文章倒数第二段,“wehavemeetingsatmyplace,whichgivethemanagersabreakfromtheirown‘office’.Theygetachangeofscenery.”,可知有时候会选择在家开会,让经理们在自己的办公室里休息一下。他们也可以换换环境。可判断出GeorgeMercer并不是在计划的会议上才能见到经理。选项B可排除。根据文章倒数第三段,“GeorgeMercer,whoownssevencafeswithina7-mileradiusofdowntownMiami.HehasbasedhisofficeinhisFortLauderdalebeachfronthome”,可知他在迈阿密市中心方圆7英里内拥有7家咖啡馆。他的办公室设在劳德代尔堡海滨的家中,可判断出他并没有住在离这些咖啡馆不到7英里的地方。选项C可排除。综上所述,选项D符合题意。

5.作者态度题。作者在文章中只是就在家工作列举了很多人的例子,指出有的人喜欢在家工作,而有的人后悔在家工作,并没有就这个问题发表自己的看法,没有在文章中表明自己是否愿意在家工作。选项C符合题意。

19.单选题

Furthermore,thecampaignitselfwaslavishlyfinanced,withplentyofmoneyfortop-flightstafftravelandtelevisioncommercials.

问题1选项

A.dubiously

B.potently

C.profusely

D.candidly

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。横线单词lavishly意为“丰富地;浪费地;大方地”;A选项“dubiously”意为“怀疑地;可疑地”;B选项“potently”意为“有说服力地;强有力地;有效力地”;C选项“profusely”意为“丰富地;不吝惜地;大量地”;D选项“candidly”意为“坦白地;率直地;直率而诚恳地”。句意:此外,竞选活动本身得到了慷慨的资助,有足够的钱用于一流的工作人员旅行和电视广告。由题干可知,withplentyofmoney(有足够的钱)说明financed(资助)肯定是充足的,或者数量巨大的。由此可知,lavishly在此处最可能是“大方地”的意思。因此C选项符合题意。

20.单选题

NewChinesefirstladyPengLiyuan’schoiceofattirehassparkedaflurryofexcitementoveranindependenthomegrownlabel,anunusualphenomenoninacountrywherepoliticalfiguresaremorefrumpythanfashionableandwivesusuallyshyawayfromthespotlight.

ImagesofPeng,50,steppingoffaplanearm-in-armwithherhusbandPresidentX

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