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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南京理工大学泰州科技学院考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Arecentpollshowsthat,while81percentofcollegestudentsareeligibleforsomeformoffinancialaid,only63percentofthesestudentsare___suchaid.

问题1选项

A.complainingabout

B.recipientsof

C.dissatisfiedwith

D.turneddownfor

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项complainingabout“投诉;对……抱怨”;B选项recipientsof“……的收件人;……的获得者”;C选项dissatisfiedwith“对……不满意”;D选项turneddownfor“为……减小,关小,调低/拒绝”。句意:最近的一项民意调查显示,81%的大学生有资格获得某种形式的经济援助,而这些学生中只有63%的人___这种援助。本句表示“只有63%的学生是这些援助的获得者(只有63%的学生获得这些援助)”。因此B选项符合题意。

2.单选题

Arapidmeansoflong-distancetransportationbecameanecessityfortheUnitedStateassettlementspreadeverfartherwestward.Theearlytrainswereimpracticalcuriosities,andforalongtimetherailroadcompaniesmetwithtroublesomemechanicalproblems.Themostseriousonesweretheconstructionofrailsabletobeartheload,andthedevelopmentofasafe,affectivestoppingsystem.Oncetheseweresolved,therailroadwasestablishedasthebestmeansoflandtransportation.By1860therewerethousandsofmilesofrailroadscrossingtheeasternmountainrangesandreachingwestwardtotheMississippi.Therewerealsoregionalsouthernandwesternlines.

Thehighpointinrailroadbuildingcamewiththeconstructionofthefirsttranscontinentalsystem.In1862CongressauthorizedtwowesternrailroadcompaniestobuildlinesfromNebraskawestwardandfromCaliforniaeastwardtoameetingpoint,soastocompleteatranscontinentalcrossinglinkingtheAtlanticseaboardwiththePacific.TheGovernmenthelpedtherailroadsgenerouslywithmoneyandland.Actualworkonthisprojectbeganfouryearslater.TheCentralPacificCompany,startingfromCalifornia,usedChineselabor,whiletheUnionPacificemployedcrewsofIrishlaborers.Thetwogroupsworkedatremarkablespeed,eachtryingtocoveragreaterdistancethantheother.In1869theymetata

placecalledPromontoryinwhatisnowthestateofUtah.Manyvisitorscamethereforthegreatoccasion.Therewerejoyouscelebrationsalloverthecountry,withparadesandtheringingofchurchbellstohonorthegreatachievement.

Therailroadwasveryimportantinencouragingwestwardmovement.Italsohelpedbuildupindustryandfarmingbymovingrawmaterialsandbydistributingproductsrapidlytodistantmarkets.Inlinkingtownsandpeopletooneanother,ithelpedunifytheUnitedStates.

1.ThemajorproblemswithAmerica’srailroadsysteminthemiddleI9lhcenturylayin().

2.Thebuildingofthefirsttranscontinentalsystem().

3.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe().

4.Theconstructionofthetranscontinentalrailroadtook().

5.Whatmostlikelymadepeoplethinkaboutatranscontinentalrailroad?

问题1选项

A.poorqualityrailsandunreliablestoppingsystems

B.lackoffinancialsupportfordevelopment

C.limitedrailroadlines

D.lackofatranscontinentalrailroad

问题2选项

A.broughtaboutarapidgrowthofindustryandfarminginthewest

B.attractedmanyvisitorstotheconstructionsites

C.attractedlaborersfromEurope

D.encouragedpeopletotravelalloverthecountry

问题3选项

A.SettlementsSpreadWestward

B.TheCoast-to-CoastRailroad:AVitalLink

C.AmericanRailroadHistory

D.TheImportanceofTrainsintheAmericanEconomy

问题4选项

A.9years

B.7years

C.4years

D.3years

问题5选项

A.Thepossibilityofgovernmentsupportforsuchatask.

B.TheneedtoexploreUtah.

C.Theneedtoconnecttheeastcoastwiththewest.

D.Theneedtodeveloptherailroadindustryinthewest.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。第一段指出:Themostseriousonesweretheconstructionofrailsabletobeartheload,andthedevelopmentofasafe,affectivestoppingsystem(最严重的问题是建设能承重的铁轨和开发安全、有效的(火车)制动系统),由此可知A项“质量差的铁轨和不可靠的制动系统”正确。

2.细节事实题。最后一段指出:Therailroadwasveryimportantinencouragingwestwardmovement.Italsohelpedbuildupindustryandfarmingbymovingrawmaterialsandbydistributingproductsrapidlytodistantmarkets(在鼓励西进运动方面,铁路(即美国的第一个横贯大陆的铁路)非常重要。它通过运输原材料和快速地把产品分配到更远的市场也帮助加强了工业和农业(的发展)),由此可知A项“带来了西部工业和农业的快速发展”正确。

3.主旨大意题。第一段提出:火车成为了美国陆地交通的最好方式,第二段讲述美国第一条横贯大陆铁路系统的修建。因此B项“横贯大陆的铁路:重要的连接”适合作文章标题。

4.判断推理题。第二段指出:In1862CongressauthorizedtwowesternrailroadcompaniestobuildlinesfromNebraskawestwardandfromCaliforniaeastwardtoameetingpoint,soastocompleteatranscontinentalcrossinglinkingtheAtlanticseaboardwiththePacific(1862年,国会授权两家西部铁路公司建设从内布拉斯加州往西和从加利福尼亚州往东到一个汇聚点的铁路线,以便完成一条连接大西洋沿岸和太平洋地区的横贯大陆的铁路线),以及:Actualworkonthisprojectbeganfouryearslater(这个工程的实际工作在4年后开始),以及:In1869theymetataplacecalledPromontoryinwhatisnowthestateofUtah,manyvisitorscamethereforthegreatoccasion(1869年,他们在如今犹他州一个名为普罗蒙特里的地方相遇,很多游客为了这伟大的吋刻而去那里),由此可知横贯大陆的铁路线建设时间为1866—1869年,供3年,故选D。

5.判断推理题。第二段指出:soastocompleteatranscontinentalcrossinglinkingtheAtlanticseaboardwiththePacific(以便完成一条连接大西洋沿岸(即文中指代的美国东海岸)和太平洋地区(即文中指代的美国西部)的横贯大陆的铁路线),故选C“需要连接东海岸和西部”。

3.单选题

OnJan.17,1995,Kobewashitbya6.9-magnitudequake.TheGreatHanshinEarthquakekilled6,400people.Damagewasestimatedatmorethan$100billion,similartocurrentestimatesofthetolloflastweek’s9.0-magnitudetemblorintheTohokuregionofnorthernJapan.Yet,within18months,economicactivityinKobehadreached98percentofitspre-quakelevel.Astate-of-the-artoffshoreportfacilitywasbuilt,housingwasmodernized—andascruffyportcitybecameaninternationalshowpiece.

TheMarch11earthquakeandtsunamidevastatedasocietythat,forallitswealth,wasstuckinarut.Overthepasttwodecades,Japan’seconomicgrowthaveragedananemic1percentayear.Politically,thecountrywasrudderless.TheLiberalDemocraticParty,whichhadgovernedalmostcontinuouslysincetheendoftheU.S.militaryoccupationfollowingtheWorldWarII,hadfinallywornoutitswelcome.AndthenoviceDemocraticPartyofJapan,whichhadassumedpowerin2009,wasflailing.

Forfourdecadesafterthewar,Japanexperiencedcozypoliticsbackedbyarobusteconomy.Lightlypopulatedruraldistricthadadisproportionateeffectonnationalpolitics.Thegovernmentfinancedmultibillion-dollarbridgestonowhere,expensiveportfacilitiesforsmallfishingvillageandbullettrainstotraversebucolicruralareas—andseeminglylinedeveryriverbedinJapaninconcrete.

Butin1900,thebubbleburst.Theworking-ageshareofthepopulationbegantofall.In1998,thelaborforcestartedtoshrink,andadecadelater,thecountry’spopulationbegantodecline.Eventually,votersconcernedaboutthemountingcostsofwastefulprojectstossedouttheLDP.

BeforetheearthquakeandtsunamidevastatedtheTohokuregiononMarch11,thecountrywasalreadyfacingaslowingeconomy,fiscalstrainanddeflation,anddecadesofwastefulspendinghadsaddledthecountrywithadebtmorethantwicethesizeoftheeconomy.Now,beyondthetragedy’shumantoll,theeconomiccostsarestillbeingcounted—andcouldbevastlyexpandedifthenuclearreactordamageisclosertothatofChernobylthantoThreeMileIsland.Butifrebuildingishandledskillfully,thereishopethatadifferentkindofJapanwillemerge.

Despiteitsweakstartingpoint,thegovernmentholdsafewcards.Ninety-fivepercentofJapan’sdebtisownedbyitscitizens,noforeignhedgefunds;it’sunlikelythatthosecitizenswoulddumptheirbondholdingsifthegovernmenttakesonmoredebttorebuildthecityofSendai,forexample.Financially,thegovernmenthasmoremaneuveringroomthanmightseemapparent.

Somerebuildingcanbefinancedbyredirectingspendingfromuselesswhite-elephantprojectstothehigherpriorityofremakingTohoku.Thequalityofpublicinvestmentinthenationcouldimprove,perhapspermanently,asaresultofthiscrisis.

Whatisreallyatstake—andwhatwilldeterminewhethertheseotherchangeshaveanychanceofcomingtopass—isthestructureofJapanpolitics.IftheincumbentDPJsuccessfullymanagesthisemergency,theepisodecouldreassureJapanesevotersthatthisfledglingpartyrepresentsacrediblealternativetotheLDP.Japanwouldthenhaveatruetwo-partysysteminwhichpoliticalpowerandideasaregenuinelycontested.TheGreatTohokuEarthquakecouldbetheshockthatpushesJapannotonlytorebuildacity,buttoremakeitselfpoliticallyforthe21stcentury.

21.Theauthorwrotethefirstparagraphinanattemptto________.

22.Accordingtothetext,theauthorsuggeststhatDemocraticPartyofJapan________.

23.ExcepttheMarch11earthquakeandtsunami,thehindrancesthatJapan’seconomicgrowthconfrontsEXCLUDE________.

24.Onwhichofthefollowingstatementwouldtheauthormostprobablyagree?

25.Whichofthefollowingisthemostpropertitleofthetext?

问题1选项

A.exemplifyhowseveretheconsequencesoftheGreatHanshinEarthquakeare

B.indicatethattheMarch11disastercouldbringoutanewJapanlikeGreatHanshinEarthquakedid

C.makeananalogybetweentheGreatHanshinEarthquakeandtheGreatTohokuEarthquake

D.statethepost-quakereconstructionisdisproportionatetothedamagecausedbythequake

问题2选项

A.hasbeentherulingpartyforapproximately50-oddyears

B.isfailinginleadingtheJapanoutofthedifficulties

C.isanewlyemergentpartinJapan’spoliticalcommunity

D.hassuccessfullymanagedthisemergency

问题3选项

A.deflation

B.theaginglaborforce

C.massivedebts

D.fiscaldeficit

问题4选项

A.CriticismismixedwithoptimismforJapan’seconomicandpoliticallandscape.

B.Theburstingbubbleofeconomyresultsinthedecreasingworking-agepopulation.

C.Japan’spartysystemhasbeenaone-partyonesinceWorldWarIItillDPJ’soffice.

D.ThemeritsJapancanderivefromthequakeoverwhelmtherisksandconsequencesofit.

问题5选项

A.WilltheCrisisCreateaNewJapan?

B.TheHistoryofGreatEarthquakesinJapan.

C.HowJapaneseGovernmentWillCopeWiththe311Emergency.

D.VirtuesandVicesofMarch11EarthquakeandTsunami.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】21.推理判断题。根据第一段第三句Damagewasestimatedatmorethan$100billion,similartocurrentestimatesofthetolloflastweek’s9.0-magnitudetemblorintheTohokuregionofnorthernJapan.(地震造成的损失估计超过1,000亿美元,与上周日本北部东北地区9.0级地震造成的损失类似。),作者分别列出两个地震的损失情况,所以C选项“将阪神大地震与东北大地震进行类比”正确。A选项“举例说明阪神大地震的后果有多严重”和D选项“说明震后重建与地震造成的损失不成比例”:作者只是陈述了事实,没有这样的意思,故错误。B选项“表明3月11日的灾难可能带来一个像阪神大地震那样的新日本”:作者没有要预示的意图,故错误。因此C选项正确。

22.事实细节题。根据第二段最后一句AndthenoviceDemocraticPartyofJapan,whichhadassumedpowerin2009,wasflailing.(2009年刚上台的日本民主党也陷入了困境。),可知民主党没有解决掉问题,所以B选项“没有成功领导日本走出困难”正确,D选项“成功地处理了这一紧急情况”和A选项“已经执政了大约50多年”错误。C选项“是日本政治共同体中一个新兴的部分”:文章没有提到,故错误。因此B选项正确。

23.推理判断题。根据第四段第二句Theworking-ageshareofthepopulationbegantofall.(劳动年龄人口的比例开始下降。),第五段第一句thecountrywasalreadyfacingaslowingeconomy,fiscalstrainanddeflation,anddecadesofwastefulspendinghadsaddledthecountrywithadebtmorethantwicethesizeoftheeconomy.(日本已经面临着经济放缓、财政紧张和通货紧缩的问题,数十年的浪费开支使日本背负了超过经济规模两倍的债务。),可知日本经济增长的障碍包括了A选项“通货紧缩”,B选项“劳动力老龄化”和C选项“巨额债务”,符合文章意思,故错误,D选项“财政赤字”没有提到,不符合文章意思,因此D选项正确。

24.观点态度题。根据最后一段第一句Whatisreallyatstake—andwhatwilldeterminewhethertheseotherchangeshaveanychanceofcomingtopass—isthestructureofJapanpolitics.(真正利害攸关的是日本的政治结构,这将决定这些其他变化是否有机会实现。)和最后一句TheGreatTohokuEarthquakecouldbetheshockthatpushesJapannotonlytorebuildacity,buttoremakeitselfpoliticallyforthe21stcentury.(日本东北大地震可能不仅会促使日本重建一座城市,还会促使日本在21世纪重塑自己的政治形象),可知作者对于日本的前景处于中立态度,所以A选项“对于日本的经济和政治前景,既有批评也有乐观”正确。B选项“经济泡沫的破裂导致了劳动年龄人口的减少”:根据第四段第一、二句Butin1900,thebubbleburst.Theworking-ageshareofthepopulationbegantofall.(但在1900年,泡沫破裂了。劳动人口的比例开始下降。),这里没有提到经济泡沫破裂和劳动人口减少的直接关系,故错误。C选项“日本的政党制度自二战以来一直是一党执政,直到民主党上台”:根据第二段倒数第二句TheLiberalDemocraticParty,whichhadgovernedalmostcontinuouslysincetheendoftheU.S.militaryoccupationfollowingtheWorldWarII(自二战后美国军事占领结束以来,自民党几乎一直持续执政),自民党几乎一直持续执政不代表一直执政,故错误。D选项“日本可以从地震中获得的优点压倒了它的风险和后果”:根据第五段最后一句Butifrebuildingishandledskillfully,thereishopethatadifferentkindofJapanwillemerge.(但如果重建工作处理得当,一个不同类型的日本将有望出现。),文章没有提到地震带来的好处比损失大,只有处理得当,益处才会呈现,故错误。因此A选项正确。

25.主旨大意题。文章第一段指出神户因为地震而现代化,后面提到日本的各种问题,再在文章最后展望日本在政治经济方面可能的情况,所以A选项“危机会创造一个新日本吗”正确。B选项“日本大地震的历史”,C选项“日本政府将如何应对311紧急事件”和D选项“3月11日地震和海啸的利弊”是文章的部分内容,不足以概括全文,故错误。因此A选项正确。

4.单选题

The()cycleoflifeanddeathisasubjectofinteresttoscientistsandphilosophersalike.

问题1选项

A.incompatible

B.exceeding

C.instantaneous

D.eternal

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析。incompatible不相容的,矛盾的;exceeding超越;instantaneous瞬间的,即刻的;eternal永恒的,不朽的。句意:()生死轮回是一个科学家和哲学家都感兴趣的课题。D选项eternal符合句意。

5.单选题

MostbroadcastersmaintainthatTVhasbeenunfairlycriticizedandarguethatpowerofthemediumis().

问题1选项

A.granted

B.implied

C.exaggerated

D.remedied

【答案】C

【解析】granted授予,同意;implied暗示;exaggerated夸张;remedied补救。句意:大多数广播公司认为电视受到了不公正的批评,认为媒体的力量被夸大了。

6.单选题

Theworkloadcanbeevenedout,insteadoftheshophavingbusytimesand(

)periods.

问题1选项

A.prosperous

B.memorable

C.discrete

D.slack

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。prosperous“繁荣的,兴旺的”;memorable“难忘的,值得纪念的”;discrete“离散的,不连续的”;slack“松弛的,萧条的”。句意:工作量可以均衡分配,这样商店就不会有旺季和淡季之分。选项D符合句意。

7.单选题

Hotmetal______asitgrowscooler.

问题1选项

A.contracts

B.reduces

C.condenses

D.compresses

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项contract“收缩、订约”;B项reduce“减少”;C项condense“浓缩、凝结”;D项compress“压缩、压紧、精简”;句意:热金属一变冷就收缩。因此该题A项正确。

8.单选题

Theworkers'demandare(

);theyareaskingforonlyasmallincreaseintheirwages.

问题1选项

A.complicated

B.moderate

C.abnormal

D.commercial

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。complicated“复杂的”;moderate“适度的”;abnormal“不正常的”;commercial“商业的”。句意:工人们提出了适度的要求:涨一点工资。由后半句的“onlyasmallincrease…”可知这种要求是适度的。B项符合题意,答案B

9.单选题

Politicallythesenationstendtobe(

),withveryhighbirthratesbutpooreducationandverylowlevelsofliteracy.

问题1选项

A.unstable

B.reluctant

C.rational

D.unsteady

【答案】A

【解析】句意:这些国家出生率很高而教育和文化水平低下,所以政治上不稳定。

形容词辨析。Unstable不稳定的,不牢固的;reluctant不情愿的,勉强的;rational合理的,理性的;unsteady不安定的,反复无常的。因此A符合句意。

10.单选题

Seariseasaconsequenceofglobalwarmingwouldimmediatelythreatenthatlargefractionoftheglobelivingatthesealevel.Nearlyone-thirdofallhumanbeingslivewithin36milesofacoastline.Mostoftheworld’sgreatseaportcitieswouldbe(1):NewOrleans,Amsterdam,Shanghai,andCairo.Somecountries—MaldivesIslandsintheIndianOcean,islandsinthePacific—wouldbeinundated.HeavilypopulatedcoastalareassuchasinBangladeshandEgypt,(2)largepopulationsoccupylow-lyingareas,wouldsufferextreme(3).

Warmeroceanswouldspawnstrongerhurricanesandtyphoons,(4)incoastalflooding,possiblyswampingvaluableagriculturallandsaroundtheworld.(5)waterqualitymayresultas(6)floodingwhichforcessaltwaterintocoastalirrigationanddrinkingwatersupplies,andirreplaceable,natural(7)couldbefloodedwithoceanwater,destroyingforevermanyofthe(8)plantandanimalspecieslivingthere.

Foodsuppliesandforestswouldbe(9)affected.Changesinrainfallpatternswoulddisruptagriculture.Warmertemperatureswould(10)grain-growingregionspole-wards.Thewarmingwouldalsoincreaseandchangethepestplants,suchasweedsandtheinsects(11)thecrops.

Humanhealthwouldalsobeaffected.Warmingcould(12)tropicalclimatebringingwithityellowfever,malaria,andotherdiseases.Heatstressandheatmortalitycouldrise.Theharmful(13)oflocalizedurbanairpollutionwouldverylikelybemoreseriousinwarmer(14).Therewillbesome(15)fromwarming.Newsea-laneswillopenintheArctic,longergrowingseasonsfurthernorthwill(16)newagriculturallands,andwarmertemperaturewillmakesomeoftoday’scolderregionsmore(17).Butthesebenefitswillbeinindividualareas.Thenaturalsystems一bothplantandanimal—willbelessablethanmantocopeand(18).Anychangeoftemperature,rainfall,andsealevelofthemagnitudenow(19)willbedestructivetonaturalsystemsandlivingthingsandhencetomanaswell.

Thelistofpossibleconsequencesofglobalwarmingsuggestsveryclearlythatwemustdoeverythingwecannowtounderstanditscausesandeffectsandtotakeallmeasurespossibletopreventandadapttopotentialandinevitabledisruptions(20)byglobalwarming.

问题1选项

A.ascended

B.assaulted

C.erased

D.endangered

问题2选项

A.which

B.where

C.when

D.what

问题3选项

A.dislocation

B.discontent

C.distribution

D.distinction

问题4选项

A.rebuking

B.rambling

C.resulting

D.rallying

问题5选项

A.Increased

B.Reduced

C.Expanded

D.Saddened

问题6选项

A.inland

B.coastal

C.urban

D.suburban

问题7选项

A.dry-land

B.mountain

C.wetlands

D.forest

问题8选项

A.unique

B.precious

C.interesting

D.exciting

问题9选项

A.geologically

B.adversely

C.secretively

D.serially

问题10选项

A.shift

B.generate

C.grease

D.fuse

问题11选项

A.hiking

B.hugging

C.attacking

D.activating

问题12选项

A.endanger

B.accommodate

C.adhere

D.enlarge

问题13选项

A.profits

B.values

C.effects

D.interests

问题14选项

A.conditions

B.accommodation

C.surroundings

D.evolution

问题15选项

A.adjustments

B.benefits

C.adoptions

D.profits

问题16选项

A.alternate

B.abuse

C.advocate

D.create

问题17选项

A.accidental

B.habitable

C.anniversary

D.ambient

问题18选项

A.adapt

B.alleviate

C.agitate

D.assert

问题19选项

A.ascertained

B.conformed

C.consoled

D.anticipated

问题20选项

A.tutored

B.relayed

C.triggered

D.reflected

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

第6题:B

第7题:C

第8题:A

第9题:B

第10题:A

第11题:C

第12题:D

第13题:C

第14题:A

第15题:B

第16题:D

第17题:B

第18题:A

第19题:D

第20题:C

【解析】(1)动词辨析和上下文语义。句意:海平面上升沿海城市。ascended攀登,上升;assaulted攻击,袭击;erased抹去,擦掉;endangered危及。选项D符合句意和上下文逻辑。

(2)状语从句。地名BangladeshandEgypt后用地点引导词where。

(3)名词辨析和上下文语义。原句为,Heavilypopulatedcoastalareaswouldsufferextreme(人口稠密的沿海地区将遭受)。dislocation混乱,断层;discontent不满;distribution分配;distinction区别,差别。选项A符合句意。

(4)固定搭配。故答案为C。rebuke“指责,谴责”;ramble“漫步,漫游”;rally“重整旗鼓,使恢复健康”。resultin后面接coastalflooding,意为“引起,导致海岸洪灾”。

(5)上下文语义。Increased增加的,上升的;reduced减少的,简化的;expanded膨胀的,扩大的;saddened悲哀的,忧愁的。根据上下文可知水质量是下降的。

(6)上下文语义。全文都围绕海平面上升和沿海洪水展开论述,coastal沿海的,海岸的。

(7)名词辨析。dry-land旱地;mountain山脉;wetlands湿地;forest森林。根据原文,在沿海地区的自然地带,有可能被洪水,选项C符合逻辑。

(8)形容词辨析和上下文语义。unique独特的;precious值得珍视的;interesting有趣的;exciting令人兴奋的。句意:摧毁那儿的动植物物种。unique强调数量稀有而独特,precious强调价值宝贵。选项A更符合。

(9)副词辨析。geologically地质学地,地质地;adversely不利地;secretively隐秘地,隐匿地;serially连续地。句意应为:粮食供应和森林受到不利的影响。

(10)动词辨析和上下文语义。shift移动,移位;generate产生,发生;grease涂脂,贿赂;fuse熔化。句意:温度升高会使谷物生长区向两极。选项A符合句意。

(11)动词辨析。hiking远足,步行;hugging拥抱;attacking侵袭。activating刺激,使活动。选项C符合句意。weedsandtheinsectsattackingthecrops表示杂草和昆虫攻击庄稼。

(12)动词辨析。endanger危及;accommodate供应,供给;adhere黏附,胶着;enlarge扩大,扩展。句意:气候变暖可能热带气候,导致黄热病、疟疾和其他疾病。enlarge放在此处符合句意。

(13)上下文语义。句意:局部化的城市空气污染的有害更加严重。harmful后面接effects,表示有害影响。

(14)名词辨析。选项中,conditions条件;accommodation住处,膳宿;surroundings环境;evolution进展;进化。句意:在更加温暖的下会更加严重。conditions符合句意。

(15)名词辨析和固定搭配。adjustments调整;benefits益处;adoptions收养;profits利润,收益。Benefits符合句意,在此与fromwarming表示变暖的好处。

(16)动词辨析和上下文语义。alternate交替,轮流;abuse滥用;advocate提倡;create创造,产生。此处还是说海平面上升带来的有利方面,create符合上下文语义。

(17)形容词辨析。accidental意外的,非主要的;habitable可居住的;anniversary周年纪念为名词,排除;ambient周围的。句意:气候变暖使现在更冷的地方更加适宜。habitable符合句意。

(18)动词辨析。adapt使适应;alleviate使易于忍受,减轻;agitate搅动,煽动;assert断言,声称。

空前有一个并列连接词and,此处应填一个cope的并列词。选项中,adapt(使适应)符合逻辑。

(19)上下文语义。ascertained确定的,探知的;conformed一致的,顺从的;consoled安慰的,慰藉的;anticipated预见的,预期的。句中有一个will,因此选项要体现将来的含义。Anticipated符合逻辑。

(20)动词辨析。tutored辅导,辅助;relayed使接替,传播;triggered触发;reflected反射,反映。此处应填triggered表示由全球变暖引发的不良影响。

11.单选题

Childrenvalueperceptivecomments,responsesandquestionsontheirwriting,buttheyquicklyseethrough()approvalandgeneralizedfaintpraise.

问题1选项

A.pernicious

B.perfunctory

C.lethargic

D.phlegmatic

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。pernicious“有害的”;perfunctory“敷衍的”;lethargic“昏睡的,无生气的”;phlegmatic“冷淡的,迟钝的”。句意:孩子们重视他们写作中具有洞察力的评论、回答和问题,但是他们能迅速区分敷衍的意见和普通的赞美。选项B符合题意。

12.单选题

Onlyonceinawhile()anovellikethat.

问题1选项

A.theloverofbookscomesabout

B.theloverofbookscomesacross

C.doestheloverofbookscomeacross

D.doestheloverofbookscome

【答案】C

【解析】考查倒装。Only位于句首,句子需要倒装,由此可首先排除选项A和选项B;再根据句意:爱书的人只有偶尔才会遇到这样的小说。comeacross意为“偶遇,无意中发现”,选项C符合语境。

13.单选题

He(

)bethepersonwhokilledMarybecausehewaswithmelastnightthewholenightand(

)it.

问题1选项

A.can’t...couldnotdo

B.maynotcouldnotdo

C.mustnot...couldnothavedone

D.can’t...couldnothavedone

【答案】A

【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意:他肯定不是杀害玛丽的人,因为他昨晚整晚跟我在一起,所以他不可能做这件事。第一空表示推测,后面提到了原因,所以这里的推测是非常肯定的猜测,用can’t,mustnot表示“禁止”的意思,不符合题意;第二空couldnothavedone表示“本不会做某事(实际上做了)”,不符合题意,因此此处要填入couldnotdo。选项A符合题意。

14.单选题

Thereisa()differenceinmeaningbetweenthetwowords“surroundings”and“environment”.

问题1选项

A.gentle

B.feeble

C.subtle

D.humble

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项gentle“温和的;文雅的”;B选项feeble“微弱的;虚弱的”;C选项subtle“微妙的;细微的;敏感的;稀薄的”;D选项humble“谦逊的;简陋的;(级别或地位)低下的”。句意:“surroundings”与“environment”这两个单词在意思上存在细微的差异。根据句意,选项C正确。

15.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintogoodEnglish.

1.故宫雄伟、壮丽,是中国古建筑艺术的巅峰之作,其规模和独具特色的风格享誉世界。故宫内保存着大量珍贵、稀有的古物,它们对研究明、清两代历史和历史艺术具有十分重要的意义。1925年故宫改名为故宫博物馆,成为世界最大的博物馆之一。

2.这一年,我们隆重纪念了中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年,举行了盛大阅兵,昭示了正义必胜、和平必胜、人民必胜的真理。我和马英九先生在新加坡会面,实现了跨越66年时空的握手,表明两岸关系和平发展是两岸同胞的共同心愿。

3.新西兰是发达的高福利社会,并以盛产高质量的水果、肉和乳制品著称于世。服务业,特别是旅游以及与教育相关的产业,也在经济发展中起着重要作用。每年有很多来自中国的游客和留学生来到新西兰享受它所提供的一切。

【答案】1.ThemagnificentandsplendidImperialPalace,asthepinnacleofancientChineseart,isworld-renownedforitsscaleanduniquestyle.TheImperialPalacecontainsalargenumberofpreciousandrareantiquities,whichareofgreatsignificancetothestudyofthehistoryandhistoricalartoftheMingandQingdynasties.In1925,TheImperialPalacewasrenamedthePalaceMuseum,becomingoneofthelargestmuseumsintheworld.

2.Thisyear,wesolemnlycommemoratedthe70thanniversaryofthevictoryoftheChinesepeople'swarofresistanceagainstJapaneseaggressionandtheworldanti-fascistwar.Agrandmilitaryparadewasheldtodemonstratethetruththatjusticewillwin,peacewillprevailandthepeoplebeboundtowin.WhenMr.MaYing-jeouandImetinSingapore,weshookhandsacross66yearsoftimeandspace.Thisshowsthatpeacefuldevelopmentofcross-straitsrelationsisthecommonaspirationofpeopleonbothsidesoftheTaiwanstraits.

3.NewZealandisadevelopedsocietywithhighwelfareandisrenownedforitshighqualityfruit,meatanddairyproducts.Services,especiallytourismandeducation-relatedindustries,alsoplayanimportantroleineconomicdevelopmentinNewZealand.EveryyearmanyChinesetouristsandstudentscometoNewZealandtoenjoywhatitcanoffer.

16.单选题

ProfessorSmithhasalreadyretired,buthisteachingsstill()stronginfluenceonhisstudents.

问题1选项

A.execute

B.forsake

C.exert

D.forge

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。execute“实行,执行;处死”;forsake“放弃”;exert“运用,发挥;施以影响”;forge“锻造”。句意:Smith教授已经退休了,但是他的教导依然在他的学生中产生重大影响。选项C符合题意。

17.单选题

Asthetrainwillnotleaveuntilonehourlater,we(

)grababiteatthesnackbar.

问题1选项

A.maywell

B.justaswell

C.mightaswell

D.aswell

【答案】C

【解析】句意:既然火车一小时后才开,我们不妨去快餐店吃点东西。

固定搭配。mightaswell不妨……,最好……。

18.单选题

Althoughthebodyismadeupofmanydifferenttissues,thesetissuesarearrangedinan(

)andorderlyfashion.

问题1选项

A.incredible

B.internal

C.intricate

D.initial

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项incredible“不可思议的,难以置信的”;B选项internal“内在的”;C选项intricate“错综复杂的”;D选项initial“最初的”。原句表示“虽然人体是由许多不同的组织组成的,但这些组织是以______而有序的方式排列的”可知C选项符合句意。句意:虽然人体是由许多不同的组织组成的,但这些组织是以错综复杂而有序的方式排列的。

19.单选题

TherearepeopleinItalywhocan’tstandsoccer.NotallCanadianslovehockey.AsimilarsituationexistsinAmerica,wheretherearethoseindividualsyoumaybeoneofthemwhoyawnorevenfrownwhensomebodymentionsbaseball.Baseballtothemmeansboringhourswatchinggrownmeninfunnytightoutfitsstandingaroundinafieldstaringawaywhileverylittleofanythinghappens.Theytellyouit’sagamebettersuitedtothe19thcentury,slow,quiet,andgentlemanly.Thesearethesamepeopleyoumaybeoneofthemwholovefootballbecausethere’sthesportthatglorifies“thehit”.

Bycontrast,baseballseemsabstract,cool,silent,still.OnTVthegameisfracturedintoadozenperspectives,replays,andclose-ups.Thegeometryofthegame,however,isessentialtounderstandingit.Youwillcontemplatethegamefromonepointasapainterdoeshissubject;youmay,ofcourse,projectyourselfintothegame.Itisinthisprojectionthatthegameaffordssomuchspaceandtimeforinvolvement.TheTVwon’tdoitforyou.

Take,forexample,thethirdbaseman.Yousitbehindthethirdbasedugoutandyouwatchhimwatchinghomeplate.Hislegsareapart,kneesflexed.Hisarmsbangloose.Hedoesalotofthis.Theskepticstillcannotthinkofanyothersportssostill,sopassive.Butwatchwhathappenseverytimethepitcherthrows:thethirdbasemangoesuponhistoes,flexeshisarmsorbringtheglovetoapointinfrontofhim,takesasteprightorleft,backwardorforward,perhapsheglancesacrossthefieldtocheckhisfirstbaseman’sposition.Supposethepitchisaball.“Nothinghappened,”yousay.“Icouldhavehadmyeyesclosed.”

Theskepticandtheinnocentmustplaythegame.Andthisinvolvementinthestandsisnomoreintellectualthanlisteningtomusicis.Watchthethirdbaseman.Smooththedirtinfrontofyouwithonefoot;smooththepocketinyourglove;watchtheeyesofthebatter,thespeedofthebat,thesoundofhorsehideonwood.Iffootballisasymphonyofmovementandtheatre,baseballischambermusic,aspaciousinterlockingofnotes,choresandresponses.

1.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith______.

2.Thosewhodon’tlikebaseballmaycomplainthat______.

3.Theauthoradmitsthat______.

4.Bystating“Icouldhavehadmyeyesclosed.”theauthormeans______.

5.Wecansafelyconcludethattheauthor______.

问题1选项

A.thedifferenttastesofpeopleforsports

B.thedifferentcharacteristicsofsports

C.theattractionoffootball

D.theattractionofbaseball

问题2选项

A.itisonlytothetasteoftheold

B.itinvolvesfewerplayersthanfootball

C.itisnotexcitingenough

D.itispretentiousandlooksfunny

问题3选项

A.baseballistoopeacefulfortheyoung

B.baseballmayseemboringwhenwatchedonTV

C.footballismoreattractingthanbaseball

D.baseballismoreinterestingthanfootball

问题4选项

A.thethirdbasemanwouldrathersleepthanplaythegame

B.evenifthethir

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