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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川工商职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Sincethetwocountriescouldn’t______theirdifferences,theydecidedtostoptheirnegotiations.

问题1选项

A.rectify

B.obscure

C.reconcile

D.oblige

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.rectify矫正,纠正B.obscure使模糊;使隐晦

C.reconcile使和谐一致;调解D.oblige(以法律、义务等)强迫,迫使

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句意“由于这两个国家的分歧无法______,他们决定停止谈判”可知,是因为分歧无法调解,所以会停止谈判,该题选择C项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合句意。

【句意】由于这两个国家的分歧无法调解,他们决定停止谈判。

2.单选题

TheexhibitionattheShanghaiScienceandTechnologyCenter(

)suchendangeredanimalsasthegiantpandaandtheSiberiantigeranddescribestheworkbeingdonetoprotectthem.

问题1选项

A.detects

B.exploits

C.features

D.survive

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析题。detect察觉,发现;exploit利用,开发;feature以...为特色;survive幸存,生还。句意:在上海科技中心举办的展览以大熊猫和东北虎等濒危动物为特色,并且描述了保护它们所做的工作。选项C符合句意。

3.单选题

Toimpressafutureemployeroneshoulddressneatly,be(

),anddisplayinterestinthejob.

问题1选项

A.swift

B.instant

C.timely

D.punctual

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项swift“迅速的,敏捷的,立刻的”;B选项instant“立即的,直接的,紧迫的”;C选项timely“及时的”;D选项punctual“按时的,准时的”。句意:要想给未来老板留下好印象,应聘者应穿着整齐,严格准时,并且表现出对工作的兴趣。结合句意,D选项正确。

4.单选题

Aseriesofborderincidentswould()leadthetwocountriestowar.

问题1选项

A.inevitably

B.consistently

C.uniformly

D.persistently

【答案】A

【解析】inevitably不可避免地,必然地;consistently一贯地,始终如一地;uniformly一致地;persistently固执地。句意:一系列的边境事件将不可避免地导致两国之间的战争。选项A符合句意。

5.填空题

ProfessorReich’splaneis(1)at2:30.Canyougototheairportto(2)himup?

【答案】1.arriving

2.pick

【解析】1.语义题。Arriveat到达。

2.固定搭配。picksb.up接某人。

6.填空题

Psychologiststakecontrastiveviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraisetocoldcash,affectmotivationandcreativity.Behaviorists(1)researchtherelationbetweenactionsandtheirconsequencesarguethatrewardscanimproveperformanceatworkandschool.Cognitiveresearchers,whostudyvariousaspectsofmentallife,maintain(2)rewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependence(3)approvalandgiftsfromothers.

Thelatterviewhasgainedmanysupporters,especiallyamongeducators.Butthecarefuluseofsmallmonetaryrewardssparks(4)ingrade-schoolchildren,suggestingthatproperlypresentedinducementsindeedaidinventiveness,(5)toastudyintheJuneJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology.

“Ifkidsknowthey’reworkingfora(6)andcanfocusonarelativelychallengingtask,theyshowthemostcreativity’’,saysRobertEisenbergeroftheUniversityofDelawareinNewark.“Butit’seasytokillcreativitybygivingrewardsfor(7)performanceorcreatingtoomuchanticipationforrewards.”

Ateacherwhocontinuallydrawsattentiontorewardsorwhohandsouthighgradesforordinaryachievementendsupwithdiscouragedstudents,Eisenbergerholds(8)anexampleofthelatterpoint,henotesgrowingeffortsatmajoruniversitiestotightengradingstandardsandrestorefailing(9).

Inearliergrades,theuseofso-calledtokeneconomies,in(10)studentshandlechallengingproblemsandreceiveperformance-basedpointstoward,showspromiseinraisingeffortandcreativity,theDelawarepsychologistclaims.

【答案】(1)who

(2)that

(3)on

(4)creativity

(5)according

(6)reward

(7)poor

(8)As

(9)grades

(10)which

【解析】(1)语法题。考查定语从句。此空后的句子为定语从句,先行词为“Behaviorists”,所以应填关系代词who,引导修饰人的定语从句。

(2)语法题。考查宾语从句。空后的内容为maintain的宾语,应填一个可引导宾语从句的词。而且上文的宾语从句“arguethat...”也可以推断出本空填"that。

(3)固定搭配。固定短语dependon意为“依赖,依靠”,其名词形式dependence也需要跟介词on。

(4)语义连接。本文是在讲述奖励、表扬与创造性的关系,此句意为“但是小心地使用小量的金钱报酬能激起分级学校孩子们的”第一段中提到“destroycreativity”,因此该空格处应填“creativity”。

(5)固定搭配。According填在空格处,句意为:根据一项个性与社会心理学的六月杂志的研究。

(6)语义连接。本文讲奖励与创造性的关系,此句意为“如果孩子们知道他们在为工作。”显然,此空处应填“reward”(奖励)。

(7)语义连接。推测此句意为“但是如果奖励表现不好的,或者制造过高的对创造力的奖励期望值,这很容易扼杀创造性。因此此处填poor比较合适。

(8)语义连接。此句意为作为后一种观点的例子”。

(9)语义连接。前句句意:给平常成绩的学生打高分的老师,最终会使学生泄气。此句句意:他指出,各大学在严格控制评分标准和恢复不及格成绩方面做出越来越多的努力。此处应填grade的复数形式。

(10)语法题。考查定语从句。此空后的句子应为定语从句,先行词为“tokeneconomies”,故此空应填一个可引导定语从句的关系词,而且空格前面有介词in,故只能填“which”。

7.单选题

问题1选项

A.Itcanimprovepeople'smood

B.Itmaycauseweightloss

C.itcanincreasetheinsulinsensitivity

D.Itmaycauseabnormalbloodsugar

问题2选项

A.ltcanresetthebody'smetabolicclock

B.Itcannotresetthebody'smetabolicclack

C.ltmayreducetheriskofdiabetes

D.Itmayincreaseinsulinsensitivity

问题3选项

A.Emphasizetheimportanceofrecoverysleep

B.Emphasizetheimportanceofsufficientsleep

C.Therelationshipbetweensleepandhealth

D.Theeffectsofcycleofsufficientandinsufficientsleeptohealth

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

【解析】第1题:由文中可知,充足和不充足的睡眠周期会导致体重增加、胰岛素敏感性下降,血糖异常,因此D选项正确。

第2题:它不能重置身体的新陈代谢。最后一句说到“Theso-calledrecoverysleepcannotresetthebody'smetabolicclock(所谓的恢复性睡眠不能重置身体的新陈代谢时钟)”,因此恢复性睡眠并不能重置身体的新陈代谢。B选项正确。

第3题:本篇短文说到的睡眠不足和睡眠充足和健康之间的关系,因此C选项正确。

8.单选题

Theessentialweaknessoftheoldandtraditionaleducationwasnotjustthatitemphasizedthenecessityforprovisionofdefinitesubject-matterandactivities.Thesethingsarenecessitiesforanythingthatcanrightlybecallededucation.Theweaknessandevilwasthattheimaginationofeducatorsdidnotgobeyondprovisionofafixedandrigidenvironmentofsubject-matter,onedrawnmoreoverfromsourcesaltogethertooremotefromtheexperiencesofthepupil.Whatisneededintheneweducationismoreattention,notless,tosubject-matterandtoprogressintechnique.ButwhenIsaymoreIdonotmeanmoreinquantityofthesameoldkind.Imeananimaginativevisionwhichseesthatnoprescribedandready-madeschemecanpossiblydeterminetheexactsubject-matterthatwillbestpromotetheeducativegrowthofeveryindividualyoungperson;thatevennewindividualsetsanewproblem;thathecallsforatleastasomewhatdifferentemphasisinsubject-matterpresented.Thereisnothingmoreblindlystupidthantheconventionwhichsupposesthatthematteractuallycontainedintextbooksofarithmetic,history,geography,etc.,isjustwhatwillfurthertheeducationaldevelopmentofallchildren.

Butwithdrawalfromthehardandfastandnarrowcontentsoftheoldcurriculumisonlythenegativesideofthematter.Ifwedonotgofarinthepositivedirectionofprovidingabodyofsubject-mattermuchricher,morevariedandflexible,andalsointruthmoredefinite,judgedintermsoftheexperienceofthosebeingeducated,thantraditionaleducationsupplied,weshalltendtoleaveaneducationalvacuuminwhichanythingmayhappen.Completeisolationisimpossibleinnature.Theyoungliveinsomeenvironmentwhetherweintenditornot,andthisenvironmentisconstantlyinteractingwithwhatchildrenandyouthbringtoit,andtheresultistheshapingoftheirinterests,mindsandcharacter—eithereducativelyormis-educatively.Iftheprofessededucatorgivesuphisresponsibilityforjudgingandselectingthekindofenvironmentthathisbestunderstandingleadshimtothinkwillbecontributivetogrowth,thentheyoungareleftatthemercyofalltheunorganizedandcasualforcesofthemodernsocialenvironmentthatinevitablyplayuponthemaslongastheylive.Intheeducativeenvironmenttheknowledge,judgmentandexperienceoftheteacherisagreater,notasmallerfactor,thanitisinthetraditionalschool.Thedifferenceisthattheteacheroperatesnotasajudgesetonhighandmarkedbyarbitraryauthoritybutasafriendlyco-partnerandguideinacommonenterprise.

1.Intheauthor’sview,thebasicfaultofoldeducationconsistsin().

2.Theauthoragitatesreformsinthe().

3.Itseemsthatneweducationalistsfavor().

4.Therewillbetheriskofforminganeducationalblankif().

5.Pupilsmaybewellguardedagainstillsocialinfluencesaslongas().

问题1选项

A.theinadequatesupplyofspecificsubjectsandprograms

B.thepoorimaginativecapacitiesofeducators

C.providinginflexibleeducationalconditions

D.makingpupilsreadtextbookswithoutdatedcontent

问题2选项

A.oldsubject-mattertofollowtechnologicaladvances

B.staleteachingmaterialsandteachingmethods

C.prescribedtextbooksandunchangingsystems

D.generalconsentaboutmultipurposetextbooks

问题3选项

A.teachingpupilsaccordingtoeachone’stalent

B.introducingthelatestinformationtotheyouth

C.renderinginstructionclosetopupils’experiences

D.supplementingalltextbookswithfreshmaterials4.Therewillbetheriskofforminganeducationalblankif().

问题4选项

A.therigidschoolcurriculaarethoroughlytransformed

B.thenegativeeffectofoldeducationisonlypartlyrecognized

C.thetraditionalsubject-mattertotallysubstitutesfornewone

D.thereplacementofunvaryingcourseswithflexibleonesfails5.Pupilsmaybewellguardedagainstillsocialinfluencesaslongas().

问题5选项

A.educatorsdiscardtheirliabilityforthebeing-educated

B.teachershavesoundjudgmenttomaketherightchoice

C.instructorshelpestablishconditionsfavorabletopupils’growth

D.schoolmastersfunctionasequalco-operatorsinajointbusiness

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.事实细节题。题干:在作者看来,旧教育的基本错误在于_____。根据关键词“basicfault”和“oldeducation”可以定位到文章第一段Theessentialweaknessoftheoldandtraditionaleducationwasnotjustthatitemphasizedthenecessityforprovisionofdefinitesubject-matterandactivities.Thesethingsarenecessitiesforanythingthatcanrightlybecallededucation.Theweaknessandevilwasthattheimaginationofeducatorsdidnotgobeyondprovisionofafixedandrigidenvironmentofsubject-matter,onedrawnmoreoverfromsourcesaltogethertooremotefromtheexperiencesofthepupil.(旧的和传统的教育的本质弱点不仅仅是它强调提供明确的主题和活动的必要性。这些东西对于任何可以被称为教育的东西都是必需的。教育工作者的缺点和不幸是,他们的想象力不能超越为学生提供一个固定的、僵化的学习环境,而且他们的学习来源与学生的经历相距甚远。),B选项“教育工作者缺乏想象力”,符合原文表达的意思。A选项“特定科目和课程供应不足”和C选项“提供固定的教育条件”,和原文表达的意思冲突,D选项“让学生阅读内容过时的课本”在文中并没有提及,综上所述,本题的正确答案是B选项。

2.事实细节题。题干:作者在_________上鼓励改革。根据题干可以定位到文章第一段第四句话Whatisneededintheneweducationismoreattention,notless,tosubject-matterandtoprogressintechnique.(新教育所需要的是更多的关注,而不是更少的关注素材和技术的进步。),可知A选项“跟随技术进步的老题材”符合题意。B选项“陈旧的教材和教学方法”,C选项“规定的教科书和不变的系统”和D选项“对多用途教科书的普遍认可”在文中均未提及。综上所述,本题的正确答案是A选项。

3.事实细节题。题干:新的教育学家似乎更青睐_________。根据题干可以定位到文章第一段Whatisneededintheneweducationismoreattention,notless,tosubject-matterandtoprogressintechnique.ButwhenIsaymoreIdonotmeanmoreinquantityofthesameoldkind.Imeananimaginativevisionwhichseesthatnoprescribedandready-madeschemecanpossiblydeterminetheexactsubject-matterthatwillbestpromotetheeducativegrowthofeveryindividualyoungperson;(新教育所需要的是更多的关注,而不是更少的关注素材和技术的进步。但是,当我说“更多”的时候,我并不是指同样的数量上的“更多”。我指的是一种富有想象力的愿景,认为没有现成的计划可以确定最能促进每个年轻人教育成长的确切主题;),原文表达的意思是没有固定的教材可以促进每个年轻人的成长,不同的年轻人应该使用不同的教育素材,因此A选项“因材施教”,符合题意。B选项“向青年介绍最新的信息”,C选项“贴近学生的经验进行教学”,D选项“用新材料补充所有教科书”,均不符合原文意思,所以本题的正确答案是A选项。

4.细节推理题。题干:如果_________,将有形成教育空白的风险。根据关键词“educationalblank”可以定位到文章第二段第二句Ifwedonotgofarinthepositivedirectionofprovidingabodyofsubject-mattermuchricher,morevariedandflexible,andalsointruthmoredefinite,judgedintermsoftheexperienceofthosebeingeducated,thantraditionaleducationsupplied,weshalltendtoleaveaneducationalvacuuminwhichanythingmayhappen.(如果我们不能比传统教育提供一个主题更丰富、更多样和灵活的主体的正确方向,不能在事实上比传统教育更加明确,不能判断针对这些教育的经验,针对任何发生的事情,我们都将可能形成教育空白。),D选项“用灵活的课程替代不变的课程失败了”说法与句意一致。A选项“僵化的学校课程被彻底改变了”与句意相反。B选项“旧教育的负面影响只被部分认识到”,在文中没有提及,说法无根据。C选项“传统的题材完全取代了新的题材”与句意相反。综上所述,本题的正确答案是D选项。

5.主旨大意题。题干:只要_________,学生们就可以很好地防范不良的社会影响。根据题干可以定位到文章第二段Theyoungliveinsomeenvironmentwhetherweintenditornot,andthisenvironmentisconstantlyinteractingwithwhatchildrenandyouthbringtoit,andtheresultistheshapingoftheirinterests,mindsandcharacter—eithereducativelyormis-educatively.Iftheprofessededucatorgivesuphisresponsibilityforjudgingandselectingthekindofenvironmentthathisbestunderstandingleadshimtothinkwillbecontributivetogrowth,thentheyoungareleftatthemercyofalltheunorganizedandcasualforcesofthemodernsocialenvironmentthatinevitablyplayuponthemaslongastheylive.(不管我们愿意与否,年轻人都生活在某种环境中,而这种环境不断地与儿童和青少年带给它的东西相互影响,其结果是他们的兴趣、心智和性格的塑造——是受教育的或者是受误导的。如果自诩的教育家放弃判断和选择在他的理解下有利于成长的环境的责任,那么年轻人就会任由现代社会环境中所有无组织的、随意的力量摆布,只要他们活着,这些力量就不可避免地会对他们产生影响。),所以只有教育者判断和选择对年轻人有利的环境,才能避免他们受到不良的影响,B选项“老师有足够的判断力来做出正确的选择”,符合题意。A选项“教育者放弃他们对受教育者的责任”和原文的意思相反,排除。C选项“教师帮助建立有利于学生成长的条件”,教师只能帮助判断和选择环境,而不是主动创造条件,所以C选项不对。D选项“校长在联合企业中扮演平等的合作者的角色”,在文中并没有提及。综上所述,本题的正确答案是B选项。

9.单选题

Correctideasarenot()inthemind,butcomefromsocialpractice.

问题1选项

A.learned

B.friendly

C.imparted

D.innate

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项learned“博学的,有学问的”;B选项friendly“友好的,亲切的”;C选项imparted“给予的,授予的”;D选项innate“先天的,固有的”,句意:正确的思想不是头脑中固有的,而是来源于社会实践。由选项意思和句意可知,D选项符合句意。

10.单选题

Childhoodmemoirsoftengaintheirpoignancythroughasenseofdisplacement:eachlessonisaccompaniedbyalossof().

问题1选项

A.perspective

B.innocence

C.permission

D.veracity

【答案】B

【解析】名词辨析。句意:童年记忆经常由于取代感而更加哀伤,每一次教训都伴随着

的丢失。

perspective洞察力,看法;innocence纯洁,纯真;permission允许,许可;veracity诚实,真实。故选B。

11.单选题

(

)thatmanyanimalsseemtobehighlysensitivetovarioussignalsassociatedwithearthquakes,thebasicquestionremainsofhowthisbehaviorcanbeputtouseinearthquakeprediction.

问题1选项

A.Considering

B.Provided

C.Granted

D.Assuming

【答案】C

【解析】动词词义辨析题。A选项的consideringthat“鉴于……,就……而论,考虑到”;B选项的providedthat“如果,条件是,倘若”;C选项的grantedthat“即使,假定”;D选项的assumingthat“假定”。根据句意‘即使许多动物似乎对于地震有关的各种信号具有高度的敏感性,根本问题仍然是如何能将此习性在预报地震中加以运用’确定C选项正确。

12.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpartintoChinese.

Unlesswegivepartofourselvesaway,unlesswecanlivewithotherpeopleandunderstandthemandhelpthem,wearemissingthemostessentialpartofourownhumanlives.Thereareasmanyroadstotheattainmentofwisdomandgoodnessastherearepeoplewhoundertaketowalkthem.Thereareasmanysolidtruthsonwhichwecanstandastherearepeoplewhocansearchthemoutandwhowillstandonthem.Thereareasmanyideasandidealsastherearemenofgoodwillwhowillholdthemintheirmindsandactthemintheirlives.

【答案】除非我们乐于奉献,除非我们能够与人们一起生活并帮助他们,否则我们的人生就失去了最重要的意义。世间有多少行路者,通往善良与智慧的途径就有多少。世间有多少真理,就有多少探索、坚持真理的人。有多少信念与理想,就有多少仁人志士在生活中奉行并实现它们。

13.单选题

Thisyoungman,()withacravingformaterialisticgratification,caresaboutnothingbutmoney.

问题1选项

A.obsessed

B.negotiated

C.compromised

D.provided

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。obsessedwith沉迷于;negotiatedwith与…协商;compromisedwith向(某人)妥协;providedwith给…提供。句意:这个年轻人贪图物质上的满足,只关心钱。选项A符合句意。

14.单选题

Everyeffortshouldcontributetothehealthydevelopmentofourcompany,buthowdidtheyreachsuchadecisionthatmaybe()tothecompany’sfuture?

问题1选项

A.irrelevant

B.detrimental

C.casual

D.preceding

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。Irrelevant“不相干的”;detrimental“有害的”;casual“随意的,偶然的”;preceding“先前的”。句意:每一项努力都应该为公司的健康发展做出贡献,但是他们是如何做出这样一个可能对公司未来不利的决定的呢?选项B符合题意。

15.单选题

Aircraftandrocketcanbeusedtocollectradioactivedebris,whilehigh-altitudesatellitescarrydetectorsforgammaraysandotheremissions.

问题1选项

A.diffusion

B.remains

C.glitter

D.transfer

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。debris表示“碎片,残骸”。A项diffusion“扩散,传播”,B项remain“遗留,残骸”,C项glitter“闪光,灿烂”,D项transfer“转移”。句意:飞机和火箭可以用来收集放射性碎片,而高空卫星携带探测伽马射线和其他辐射的探测器。根据句意,该题选B正确。

16.单选题

Geneticallymodifiedcropsareeverywhere.ItseemseveninEurope,strictlawsdesignedtokeeptheEuropeanUnionfreeofGMcropsarenotworking,insteadareposingproblemsfortheEU:Farmers’srepresentativessaythatsuppliesofanimalfeedforpoultryandpigsarebeingrefusedentryatEuropeanportswhenfoundtocontaineventraceamountsofGMmaterial.

UnderEurope’s“zero-tolerance”lawsonGM,introducedin2007,thepresenceofevenafewseedsofGMmaterialwillruleoutanentireshipment.TheanimalfeedindustrysaysthelawsareunworkablebecauseGMmaterialisalmostunavoidable,giventoday’sglobalsupplychain.“ThoughweunderstandtheconsumerconcerninEurope,wedon'tunderstandzerotolerancebecauseitclosesdowntrade.”saysPekkaPesonen,secretarygeneralofCopa-Cogeca,afederationofgroupsrepresenting15millionEUfarmersintotal.HeclaimsthatEuropeanpigandpoultryfarmerswillgooutofbusinessunlesstheEUadoptsamorepracticalcheckingapproachbysettingastandard―say0.5percent—beneathwhichGMistolerated.Pesonensayssuch“tolerances”operateforotherpollution,includingpesticidesandheavymetals.SowhynotforGMmaterial,muchofwhichhasbeenclearedforhumanconsumptionelsewhereintheworld?

Lastyear200,000tonsofconventionalanimalfeed―mainlysoyandcom―wererefusedentrytotheEUwhentheywerefoundtocontainsmallamountsofGMcomvarieties.ThenflaxfromCanadawasfoundtocontaintracesofaGMvarietynamedCDCTriffidthatwaswithdrawnfromcommercialsalein2001.Followingaprohibitiononflaxmorethan100shipmentswererejected,buttradeisslowlyresuming.Therejectedtonnagesisonlyasmallpartofthe32milliontonsoffeedimportedeachyear.Butitleadstodelaystosubsequentcontracts,higherpricesandreluctancebyimporterstoriskfurthershipments.

Priceswillbehigherstillthisyear,saysPesonen.owingtonaturaldisasterinSouthAmericaandagrowingmarketforAmericanfarmerssellingcropstoAsia,whichacceptsmixedshipments.IncreasingnumbersofGMcropvarietiesareontheway.Atpresent,around30varietiesaregrownaroundtheworld,blitthatispredictedtodoubletwiceby2015.makingscreeningmoredifficultthanever.

AfurtherconflictarisesbecausealltheEuropeanofficialsareduetobereplacedinFebruary.Aspokeswomanforthehealthcommission,whichintroducedthezero-tolerancepolicytosatisfywidespreadquestioningsinEuropeaboutthesafetyofGMcrops,saysthatintensivediscussiononfeedimportshavealreadytakenplace.“Oncethenewcommissionisestablished,itwillhavetoconsiderhowtoproceedonthismatter.”shesays.

1.EuropeanlawsagainstGMproducts(

).

2.Takingtoday’sglobalsupplychainintoaccount,theanimalfeedindustrythinksthat

(

).

3.WhatisEuropeanfarmers’attitudetoGMaccordingtoPekkaPesonen?

4.Aftersomeshipmentsarerefusedtobeimported,

(

).

5.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whydidthehealthcommissionintroducethezero-tolerancepolicy?

问题1选项

A.managetofunctionwell

B.bringtroublestofarmers

C.helpfarmersalot

D.allowfoodwithGMmaterial

问题2选项

A.GMmaterialispossibletobeprevented

B.Europeanlawsareimpractical

C.Onlytheinternationalsupplychaincanwork

D.GoodsshouldbeprohibitedonceanyGMstuffisfound

问题3选项

A.Theythinkit’sreasonableforpeopletoworryaboutGM’sinfluence.

B.Theythinkit’sunderstandabletosetanabsolutelimitonGMproducts.

C.TheywillbebrokenifEUhelpthemtolimitGMeffect.

D.Theythink0.5percentistoohighastandard.

问题4选项

A.Tradeisgoingdownalltheway

B.Peoplestillsigntradeontime

C.Goodsaregettingmoreexpensive

D.Merchantstryriskingtradingagain

问题5选项

A.BecausetheEuropeanofficialsaretobereplaced

B.Becausethepolicyistheresultoftheintensivediscussion.

C.BecauseitwantstoeliminatethedoubtsabouttheGMcrops’safety.

D.BecausethepriceofGMcropsisveryhigh.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据第二段的内容:欧洲2007年出台了关于转基因的“零容忍”法律。动物饲料行业说,这些法律是行不通的。Copa-Cogeca组织的秘书长PekkaPesonen说:“欧洲的养猪户和家禽养殖户将会破产,除非欧盟采取一种更实际的检查方法,设定一个可以容忍转基因的标准,比如0.5%。”由此可推断,这一法律给农民带来了麻烦,所以选项B正确。

2.细节事实题。根据第二段第二句“TheanimalfeedindustrysaysthelawsareunworkablebecauseGMmaterialisalmostunavoidable,giventoday’sglobalsupplychain.动物饲料行业说,这些法律是行不通的,因为考虑到当今的全球供应链,转基因物质几乎是不可避免的。”选项B符合原文。

3.细节事实题。根据关键词“PekkaPesonen”定位到第二段的内容“ThoughweunderstandtheconsumerconcerninEurope,wedon'tunderstandzerotolerancebecauseitclosesdowntrade.尽管我们理解欧洲消费者的担忧,但我们不理解零容忍,因为它关闭了贸易。”由此可知,欧洲农民认为人们担心转基因产品的影响是合理的。选项A符合原文。

4.细节事实题。根据第三段的最后两句“Therejectedtonnagesisonlyasmallpartofthe32milliontonsoffeedimportedeachyear.Butitleadstodelaystosubsequentcontracts,higherpricesandreluctancebyimporterstoriskfurthershipments.被拒绝的吨数只是每年进口的3200万吨饲料的一小部分。但这导致随后的合同延期、价格上涨以及进口商不愿冒进一步发货的风险。”由此可知,选项C正确。

5.细节事实题。根据最后一段第二句“...introducedthezero-tolerancepolicytosatisfywidespreadquestioningsinEuropeaboutthesafetyofGMcrops...(委员会)推出零容忍政策,以满足欧洲对转基因作物安全性的普遍质疑”。选项C符合原文。

17.单选题

Theship’sgeneratorbrokedown,andthepumpshadtobeoperated______insteadofmechanically.

问题1选项

A.artificially

B.automatically

C.manually

D.synthetically

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.artificially人造地,人为地B.automatically自动地,机械地

C.manually手动地D.synthetically综合地,合成地

【考查点】副词辨析。

【解题思路】根据insteadof(而不是)可知,空格处和mechanically(机械地)是相对立的,所以要表示“人工的,手动的”,C项符合。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合句意。

【句意】这艘船的发电机坏了,水泵不得不用人工而不是机械操作。

18.单选题

Somepeoplethinkthata(

)translation,orword-for-wordtranslation,iseasierthana

freetranslation.

问题1选项

A.literal

B.literary

C.liberal

D.linear

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。literal“照原文的,逐字的”;literary“文学的”;liberal“自由的”;linear“直线的”。句意:一些人认为直译或者逐字的翻译要比意译简单。选项A符合题意。

19.填空题

Pesticides,themostcost-effective(1)ofpestandweedcontrol,allowthemaintenanceofcurrentyieldsandsocontribute(2)economicviability.Concernabouttheenvironmentalimpactofrepeatedpesticideusehaspromptedresearchintotheenvironmentalfateoftheseagents,which(3)emigratefromtreatedfieldstoair,otherlandandwaterbodies.How(4)thepesticideremainsinthesoildependsonhowstronglyitisboundbysoilcomponentsandhowreadilyitisdegraded.It(5)dependsontheenvironmentalconditionsatthetimeofapplication,e.g.oilwatercontent.Pesticideusemustensurepublicsafetyandenvironmentalprotectionwith(6)toboththechemicalitselfandtheirpotentiallyharmfulmetabolites.Thispaperreviewswhatisknownofthe(7)ofthephysicalandchemicalcharacteristicsofthesoilsystem,suchasmoisturecontent,organicmatterandclaycontents,andpH,onthesorption/desorptionanddegradationofpesticidesandtheiraccesstogroundwaterandsurfacewaters.Anunderstandingofthefateofpesticidesisessentialforrationaldecision-takingregardingtheirauthorization.Toreachanadequateunderstandingwillrequiretheconcourse(8)soilscience,claymineralogy,physicalchemistry,surfacechemistry,environmentalmicrobiology,plantphysiologyand,nodoubt,otherdisciplines.

(9)throughamultidisciplinaryapproachtoenvironmentalresearchwillitbepossibletoplan,manage,pursueandintegratetheresultsofthestudiesthatwillbenecessaryforthedevelopmentoftoolsandtechniquesallowingeffectiveenvironmentaldecision-making.Thereseemstobeagreatpotentialtodevelopmicrobiallyderivedpesticides,whichareeffective,reliableandhavea(10)environmentalrisk.Inaddition,newapplicationtechniques,forexampleprecisionbandspraying,canreducethedose,whichcanbeaveryeffectivewaytominimizetransportandemissionbutalsotoavoidabuild-upofresistanceintargetorganisms.Improvedformulationswillalsobeneededtoreduceoff-targetdeposition,improveretentionontarget,andenhanceuptakeandtranslocation.

【答案】(1)Means。

(2)to。

(3)can。

(4)long。

(5)also。

(6)regards。

(7)influence。

(8)of。

(9)Only。

(10)low。

【解析】1.语义连接。句意:农药是除害虫和杂草的最有效的()。means:方式,手段。

2.固定搭配。contributeto:有助于。

3.语义连接。句意:农药重复使用对环境造成污染,此现象已经引起了研究机构的注意,污染治理的范围将不仅仅局限于土壤本身,可能转向其他领域。

4.语义连接。howlong:多久,表示时间长度。句意:农药在土壤中残留多久,取决于它的强度。

5.语义连接。前句提到农药在土壤中残留程度取决于多方面因素,接着讲述也取决于……

6.固定搭配。Withregardsto:关于,考虑到。

7.语义连接。句意:本文综述了土壤系统的物理和化学特性(如含水量、有机质和粘土含量、pH值)对农药的吸附/解吸和降解及其进入地下水和地表水的影响。influence:影响。

8.语义题。concourse:综合。空格处填介词of,此处表示各学科的综合。

9.固定搭配。句子是部分倒装句,状语提前放到句首,谓语动词放在主语前面。表示:只有通过……才……。

10.逻辑分析。微生物源农药更effective,reliable(有效,可靠),应该对应alowenvironmentalrisk(低风险)。

20.单选题

Shewasafraid()thedogincaseitbecamedangerous.

问题1选项

A.ofexciting

B.toexcite

C.thatsheexcited

D.tobeexciting

【答案】B

【解析】句意:她不敢让这条狗兴奋,以防有危险。

考查固定搭配。beafraidtodosth.害怕/不敢做某事。beafraidofdoingsth.一向害怕做某事(表示习惯)。因此B项符合语境。

21.单选题

Wateristhegiverand,atthesametime,thetakeroflife.Itcoversmostofthesurfaceoftheplanetweliveonandfeatureslargeinthedevelopmentofthehumanrace.Onpresentpredictions,itisancementthatissettoassumeevengreatersignificance.

Throughouthistory,waterhashadahugeimpactonourlives.Humankindhasalwayshadaratherambiguousrelationshipwithwater,ontheonehandreceivingenormousbenefitfromit,notjustasadrinkingsource,butasaprovideroffoodandameanswherebytotravelandtotrade.Butforcedtoliveclosetowaterinordertosurviveandtodevelop,therelationshiphasnotalwaysbeenpeacefulorbeneficial.Infact,ithasbeenquitethecontrary.Whathasessentiallybeenanecessityforsurvivalwasturnedoutinmanyinstancestohaveaverydestructiveandlife-threateningside.

Throughtheages,greatfloodsalternatedwithlongperiodsofdroughthaveassaultedpeopleandtheirenvironment,hamperingtheirfragilefightforsurvival.Thedramaticchangestotheenvironmentthatarenowafeatureofourdailynewsarenotexactlynew:fieldsthatwereoncelushandfertilearenowbarren;lakesandriversthatwereonceteemingwithlifearenowlonggone;savannahhasbeenturnedtodesert.Whatperhapsisnewisournativewonderwhenfacedwiththeforcesofnature.

Today,wearemoreawareofclimaticchangesaroundtheworld.Floodsinfar-flungplacesareinstantnewsforthewholeworld.Perhapstheseeventsmakeusfeelbetteraswefacethedestructionofourownpropertybyfloodsandothernaturaldisasters.

In2002,manypartsofEuropesufferedsevereflooddamagerunningintobillionsofeuros.Propertiesacrossthecontinentcollapsedintotheseaaswavespoundedthecoastlinewreakinghavocwithseadefenses.Butitwasnotjusttheseas.Riversswollenbyheavyrainsandbytheeffectsofdeforestationcarriedlargevolumesofwaterthatwreckedmanycommunities.

Buildingstrongerandmoresophisticatedriverdefensesagainstfloodingistheexpensiveshort-termanswer.Therearesimplerways.Plantingtreesinhighlandareas,notjustinEuropebutinplacesliketheGangesDelta,isacheaperandmoreattractivesolution.Progressisalreadybeingmadeinconvincingcountriesthattheemissionofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegasesiscausingconsiderabledamagetotheenvironment.Butmoreeffortisneededinthisdirection.

Andthefuture?Ifwearetobelievetheforecasts,itispredictedthattwothirdsoftheworldpopulationwillbewithoutfreshwaterby2025.Butforagrowingnumberofregionsof

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