高考英语语法考点复习-非谓语动词课件

Part2考点8Part2语法专题考点8非谓语动词

(2010·湖南)Sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoney______inthelibrary.discoveredB.tobediscoveredC.discoveringD.havingdiscovered

思路点拨：选项所提供的为非谓语动词的不同形式，分析题干句可知空格处应为money的定语，money与discover有被动关系，故该处应用表被动的过去分词；B项表示的是“将要被发现”的意思，根据句意“到目前为止还没有人来认领在图书馆被发现的钱”可判断选A项。熟读深思1.不定式和动名词作主语(1)Smoking(抽烟)isprohibited(禁止)here.(2)Havingstudiedcomputerisanimportantqualificationforthejob.(3)Jack's_suddenly_disappearing(杰克的突然失踪)madethemworried.(4)Ifounditimpossibleforhimtodothejobalone.(5)Itisnouse/goodcrying(哭).熟读深思(5)Theroadiscoveredwithsomefallentreesandtheyneedremoving/toberemovedimmediately.(6)Don'tyourememberseeingthemanbefore?Youmustremembertoleavetomorrow.(7)Iwouldliketoseehimtomorrow.(8)Thereisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.(9)Hehadagoodtimeintravellingabroadthissummervacation.(10)Theycan'tlosetimeplayingcomputergamesasusual.熟读深思(11)Thereisnopointofdoing

(12)LastnightIdidnothingbutwatch(watch)TV.Thedoctortoldhimnothingbutto_stop(stop)smoking.(13)WhenIconsiderhowtalentedheisasapainter,Icannothelpbutbelievethatthepublicwillappreciatehisgift.熟读深思(15)Idon'tmindtherebeing(be)achairhere.(16)Therebeingnobodyelseathand,Ihadtodobymyself.(17)Johndidn'tpasshisdrivingtest,butIexpectedhimto.(3)remembertodo记住去做某事(未做)rememberdoing记得做过某事(已做)(4)regrettodo对要做的事遗憾(后常跟动词say,tell,inform等)regretdoing对做过的事后悔(5)trytodo努力、企图做某事trydoing试验、试一试某种办法(6)meantodo打算，有意要……meandoing意味着(7)goontodo继而(去做另外一件事情)goondoing继续(原先没有做完的事情)归纳总结(7)cannot(help/choose)butdo,candonothingbutdo,havenochoice/alternativetodo表示“不得不”，如：(13)。(8)“Whynot＋动词原形”表达向某人提出建议，意为：“为什么不……？”，“干嘛不……？”(9)“wouldrather/hadbetter＋(not)＋动词原形”意为“宁愿/最好(不)做某事”。归纳总结归纳总结规则3：get,become,look,seem,appear,remain等系动词后都可跟done，表示被动或主语的状态。如remainseated/hidden，getpaid/dressed/changed/stuck/hurt/injured/burnt等，如：(5)。常用bedone＋介词短语表示所处的状态，如下：beaddictedto…沉迷于……beabsorbedin…全神贯注于……beaimedat…旨在/意图……bearmedwith…有……装备beburiedin…埋葬在……归纳总结bedevotedto…专心致志于……bedividedinto…分成(几份/几组)bedesigned/meant/intendedfor…专为……而设计beengagedin…忙于……beengagedtosb.与……订婚befixedon…专注于……befacedwith…面临着……befilledwith…装满了……begreetedwith…受到了……问候begrownup已经长大了behiddenin…躲在……belinkedto…与……有关归纳总结beconnectedwith…与……相连/有关bemadeof/from/upof由……制成/由……组成beknownas/for/to…以……著称/因……著名berecoveredfrom…从……中康复beloadedwith…载有……belocatedin/on/at…位于……bemarried(tosb.)与某人结婚了bematched很般配bemistaken弄错了bepavedwith…铺着……归纳总结bereplacedwith…更换为……berelatedto/with…与……有关beseparatedfrom…与……隔开beshoulderedwith…肩负着……beseated坐着besurroundedwith/by…四周环绕着……besupposedtodo…应该做……熟读深思4.不定式、动名词和分词作定语

(1)Thewaterpollutedbythefactoryshouldbetoblame.(2)We'dbetterfindsomeworkforthechildrentodo.(3)Heisthefirstoneto_help(help)mewithcomputer.(4)Yourabilitytoanalyzetheproblemreallysurprisedus.(5)Doyouhaveanythingtosend？(是主语you送)(6)Doyouhaveanythingto_be_sent(send)？(不是主语you送，是别人送)熟读深思(7)Barkingdogsseldombite.(8)Theplanto_be_made(make)isofvitalimportance.(9)Thebuildingbeingconstructedwillbeusedasalibrary.(现在正在进行的被动)(10)Thesuggestionsenttothecommitteewasadopted.(过去的被动)(11)Theteacherissatisfiedwithoursatisfyingperformanceinclass,whichcanbeseenfromhersatisfiedexpressiononherface.归纳总结完成式不能作定语3.drink,learn,sink,light都有两种形式的过去分词，但作定语时，只能用拼写较长的过去分词。

adrunkendriver喝醉酒的司机；alearnedlawyer博学的律师；asunkenship沉船；alightedcandle点着的蜡烛熟读深思5.不定式和分词作状语

(1)Hemadealongspeech,onlyto_show(show)hisignoranceofthesubject.(2)Being_watched(watch)bytheaudience,theyoungspeakerfeltverynervous.(3)Encouraged(encourage)bythesesuccesses,theydecidedtoexpandthebusiness.(4)Whenleavingtheairport,theywavedagainandagaintous.(5)Not_having_received(notreceive)ananswer,hedecidedtowriteanotherlettertothem.熟读深思(11)I'monlytoopleasedtohelpyou.(12)Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.(13)Seatinghimself/Seated(＝Sitting)intheroom,heisabsorbedinreading.(14)ItbeingSunday,weneedn'tgotoschool.⇒BecauseitisSunday,weneedn'tgotoschool.(15)Alltheworkdone,youcanhavearest.⇒Ifalltheworkisdone,youcanhavearest.(16)Whilewaitingthere,hesawtwoprettygirlscomeoutofthebuilding.归纳总结【注意】1.too…todo表示肯定的情况①当onlytoo和alltoo与动词不定式连用时，表示肯定意义。如：(11)。②tooready/apt/anxious/eager/glad/willing(表示心情或情绪)＋todo，其后的动词不定式具有肯定意义，这时too相当于very。③never(not)＋too…to…句型为“不会太……所以能……”之意。如：(12)。归纳总结③given…考虑到……，providedthat…如果……4．独立主格结构：n./pron.＋doing/done/todo/adj./adv./prep.短语前后主语不一致时，作状语的非谓语动词需有自己的逻辑主语，此时的“n./pron.＋doing/done/todo/adj./adv./prep.短语”，就是“独立主格结构”。如：(14)、(15)。归纳总结独立主格结构的特点：①独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。②n．/pron.与后面的doing/done/todo/adj./adv./prep.短语是主动或被动关系。③独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。5.连词＋分词(短语)有时，为了使非谓语动词短语与主句的逻辑关系更清楚，可在非谓语动词前加连词。连词有when，while，if，unless，though，after,before,as等。但分词的主语和主句的主语必须一致，如：(16)。熟读深思6.不定式和分词作宾语补足语(1)Myfatherpermitsmeto_surf(surf)theInternetattheweekend.(2)Thechildrenwerelastseenplaying(play)bytheriver.(3)Shesawtheoldmancrosstheroad.⇒Theoldmanwasseentocrosstheroad.(4)FinallyIgotmycarrunning.(5)Theteacheroftengetsustorecitetexts.(6)I'dliketogetmycarcleanedbeforetheNewYear.归纳总结【注意】hope,welcome,agree,suggest,demand不能跟sb.todo(×)hopesb.todosth.应改为→wish/expectsb.todosth.(×)welcomesb.todosth.应改为→sb.bewelcometodosth.(×)agreesb.todosth.应改为→allow/permitsb.todosth.(×)suggestsb.todosth.应改为→advisesb.todosth./suggestsb.(should)dosth.(×)demandsb.tosth.应改为→requiresb.todo/demandsb.(should)dosth.归纳总结规则2：感官动词带宾补的结构，如：(2)。感官动词see,observe，hear,notice,watch,feel，