PPT国际工程招投相关知识讲义（中英文）

2.

Internationalprojecttender

国际工程投标3.

Tenderoffer

投标报价1.

Internationalprojecttenderingprocedures

andcontracttype

国际工程招标程序与合同类型Contents目录1.1Definitionoftendering

招标的定义1.3Internationalprojecttenderingways国际工程招标方式1.4Internationalprojectcontracttype国际工程合同类型1.2Internationalprojecttenderingprocedures国际工程招标程序1.

InternationalProjectTenderingProceduresandContractType

国际工程招标程序与合同类型

Tendering：themethodandprocessofchoicethat

theownerschooseimplementerswhocan

implementtheentire

orsomecertainstageoftheprojectbymarket

procurement.

Procurementofworks:

choosingapreferredqualifiedcontractortocompletetheworkthatthecontractrequiredthroughtenderinginthemarket.1.1Definitionoftendering

招标的定义1.InternationalProjectTenderingProceduresandContractType

国际工程招标程序与合同类型EstablishmentofProjectstrategyPrequalificationofbiddersCallforTender&TenderOpeningofTendersBidEvaluationAwardofContract1.2Internationalprojecttenderingprocedures国际工程招标程序1.InternationalProjectTenderingProceduresandContractType

国际工程招标程序与合同类型◆

Invitingtenders公开招标◆Requestforbid

邀请招标◆

Negotiatedbidding

议标

◆Two-stagebidding

两阶段招标

◆Two-envelopebiddingprocedure

双信封招标1.3Internationalprojecttenderingways国际工程招标方式1.InternationalProjectTenderingProceduresandContractType

国际工程招标程序与合同类型Advantages

Afaircompetitiveopportunity◆

Invitingtenders公开招标OwnerscanchooseamoresuitablecontractorReducetheprojectcostIncreasetransparency(透明度)，preventandreducetheincidenceofcorruption1.3InternationalProjectTenderingWays国际工程招标方式

“Unlimitedcompetitiveopenbidding”Disadvantages

Wastetime◆

Invitingtenders公开招标DocumentsarecomplicatedLeadtodiversificationofequipmentspecificationsintheprocurementofgoods,andsoinfluencethestandardizationandmaintenance1.3InternationalProjectTenderingWays国际工程招标方式◆

Requestforbid

邀请招标Scopeofapplication

ContractamountissmallLimitednumberofsuppliers1.3InternationalProjectTenderingWays国际工程招标方式

“LimitedCompetitiveSelectedBidding”

◆

Requestforbid

邀请招标

Advantages

Mostofcontractorsareexperiencedandreputable

Disadvantages

Maybemissingsomeofthecontractorswhoarecompetitiveintechnologyandprice.1.3InternationalProjectTenderingWays国际工程招标方式

ShortperiodLowtotalpriceSpecializedMilitaryprojects

◆

Negotiatedbidding

议标

Scopeofapplication1.3InternationalProjectTenderingWays国际工程招标方式AdvantagesSavetimeDisadvantagesNotcompetitiveinprice◆Negotiatedbidding议标1.3InternationalProjectTenderingWays国际工程招标标方式◆Two-stagebidding两阶段招标Firststage：Secondstage：提交不不带报报价的的技术术建议议书业主评评审指指出不不足投标人人改进进技术术方案案提交最最终的的技术术建议议书和和带报报价的的投标标书评标1.3InternationalProjectTenderingWays国际工工程招招标方方式ScopeofapplicationEPCLarge,complexfacilitiesSpecialprojectsComplexinformationandcommunicationtechnologies◆Two-stagebidding两阶段段招标标1.3InternationalProjectTenderingWays国际工工程招招标方方式◆Two-envelopebiddingprocedure双信封封招标标同时递递交技技术建建议书书和价价格建建议书书对技术术建议议书进进行审审查、、讨论论价格建建议书书如需需修改改，退退回后后再次次提交交评标ScopeofapplicationMechanicalequipmentandmanufacturingplant1.3InternationalProjectTenderingWays国际工工程招招标方方式Case:中国铁铁建麦麦加轻轻轨项项目1.3InternationalProjectTenderingWays国际工工程招招标方方式2010-11-04南方周周末（（漫画画一针针）：：冤大头头，中中国铁铁建自自找1.3InternationalProjectTenderingWays国际工工程招招标方方式中国铁铁建沙沙特轻轻轨项项目预预计亏亏损41亿元。。铁建建解释释说，，主因因是业业主不不断追追加要要求以以及实实际工工程量量远大大于签签约时时工程程量。。听凭凭业主主追加加，铁铁建难难道是是到海海外做做慈善善去了了？概概预算算严重重失误误，国国际运运营能能力极极度匮匮乏，，领导导水平平低下下，铁铁建暴暴露无无遗。。南方周周末（（漫画画一针针）：：1.3InternationalProjectTenderingWays国际工工程招招标方方式EPC+O&M迄今为为止全全世界界设计计运能能最大大、运运营模模式最最复杂杂、建建设设工期期最短短、外外部气气候环环境最最恶劣劣的轻轻轨铁铁路项项目Condition:Question：Whichkindoftenderingshouldtheowneradoptinthiscase?Why?1.3InternationalProjectTenderingWays国际工工程招招标方方式AdoptsEPC+O&MforthefirsttimeActualresults:Contractor：(ChinaRailwayConstructionCompany)CRCCnegotiatedbiddingTenderingway:1.3InternationalProjectTenderingWays国际工工程招招标方方式◆lumpsumcontract总价合合同◆Unitpricecontract单价合合同◆Costreimbursementcontract成本补补偿合合同1.4Internationalprojectcontracttype国际工工程合合同类类型1.InternationalProjectTenderingProceduresandContractType国际工工程招招标程程序与与合同同类型型◆Lumpsumcontract总价合合同ThepriceofcontractorisbasedonthedetaileddesigndrawingsandcalculationsofownersCanbechangedwiththedrawingsandengineeringContractorsbearalltherisk1.4InternationalProjectContractType国际工工程合合同类类型HousingconstructionEngineeringtechnologyisnotcomplicated,lessrisk,shortertimeDBandEPC/turnkeyprojectApplyto:1.4InternationalProjectContractType国际工工程合合同类类型◆Lumpsumcontract总价合合同Settleaccountsaccordingtotheactualamountofworkload◆Unitpricecontract单价合合同Applyto:ProjectcontentanddesignindexisnotquitesureProjectquantitycan’’tbeaccuratelydetermined1.4InternationalProjectContractType国际工工程合合同类类型◆Costreimbursementcontract成本补补偿合合同Actualdirectcosts+Managementfees+ProfitItisdifficulttodescribethescopeandnatureofworkinearlystagesofprojectworksThepreparationofdesigndrawingsandspecificationisinadequatetodeterminethecontractpriceTimeisurgentApplyto:1.4InternationalProjectContractType国际工程程合同类类型ThestageanddepthofdesignContracttype◆Basicdesignstage◆Conceptualdesignstage◆DetaileddesignstageCostreimbursementcontractUnitpricecontractLumpsumcontractUnitpricecontract1.4InternationalProjectContractType国际工程合同同类型ConceptualdesignwhilesigningofcontractCondition:Case:CRCCMeccalightrailproject中国铁建麦加加轻轨项目Question：WhichtypeofcontractshouldCRCCacceptinthiscase?Why?1.4InternationalProjectContractType国际工程合同同类型实际工程数量量比签约时预预计量大幅度度增加业主对该项目目的2010年运能需求较较合同规定大大幅提升业主为增加新新的功能使部部分已完工工工程重新调整整业主负责的地地下管网和征征地拆迁严重重滞后Actualresults:项目工作量和和成本投入大大幅增加计划工期出现现阶段性延误误Contracttype:lumpsumcontract1.4InternationalProjectContractType国际工程合同同类型2.1Definitionoftender投标的定义2.2Tenderprocess投标过程2.3Tenderdecision-making投标决策2.InternationalProjectTender国际工程投标标Tender/Bid：beingtheseller,thecontractorinaccordancewithowner'sbiddingdocumentstoparticipateininternationalprojectcompetitionintheformofofferandtrytogettheproject.2.1Definitionoftender投标的定义2.InternationalProjectTender国际工程投标标Tenderdecision-makingPreparationoftenderFormulatetheconstructionprogramCalculationofthetenderofferPreparationoftenderdocumentsSubmissionoftenderdocuments2.2Tenderprocess投标过程2.InternationalProjectTender国际工程投标标2.3Tenderdecision-making投标决策Politics,law,market,naturalenvironment,finance,othercompanies,hostcountryandowner◆Earlyresearchwork2.InternationalProjectTender国际工程投标标麦加加是是伊伊斯斯兰兰教教的的第第一一圣圣城城宰牲牲节节期期间间的的朝朝圣圣被被称称为为大大朝朝觐觐，，为为期期五五天天，，每每年年吸吸引引的的朝朝圣圣者者都都在在百百万万以以上上朝圣圣，，是是每每位位有有条条件件的的穆穆斯斯林林一一生生需需要要完完成成的的一一件件大大事事麦加加轻轻轨轨专专为为朝朝觐觐活活动动修修建建，，2010年11月13日将将正正式式开开通通运运行行。。这这条条轻轻轨轨只只在在朝朝觐觐活活动动期期间间运运营营，，平平时时关关闭闭2010年11月17日，穆穆斯斯林林的的宰宰牲牲节节Condition:2.3TenderDecision-making投标标决决策策Case:CRCCMeccalightrailproject中国国铁铁建建麦麦加加轻轻轨轨项项目目该项项目目社社会会影影响响重重大大且且受受两两国国政政府府高高度度关关注注Condition:2.3TenderDecision-making投标标决决策策总裁裁会会见见代代理理公公司司代代表表2.3TenderDecision-making投标标决决策策2009年2月10日，，签签署署项项目目合合同同2010年11月13日开开通通运运营营Question：IfCRCCdecidestobidontheproject,whenlossoccursintheprocess,whatwouldtheydo?Condition:2.3TenderDecision-making投标标决决策策2009年年亏亏损损已已开开始始出出现现，，但考考虑虑到到停停工工可可能能在在穆穆斯斯林林世世界界造造成成的的负负面面影影响响，，中中国国铁铁建建未未按按通通常常商商业业合合同同做做法法停停工工谈谈判判，，而而是是调调集集国国内内技技术术骨骨干干不不计计成成本本赶赶工工，，确保保了了项项目目主主体体工工程程按按期期完完工工，，满满足足了了业业主主有有关关2010年年11月月开开通通运运营营的的要要求求。。Actualresults:2.3TenderDecision-making投标标决决策策havinglittleexperienceininternationalprojectcontractnotfamiliarwithhostcountry’’sconditionIfthetendererentersintothehostcountry’’smarketforthefirsttime,whenthetendererthen,hecanundertakesub-contractortenderwithlocalcontractors.2.3TenderDecision-making投标标决决策策Condition:MeccalightrailprojectisChinarailwayindustry’’sfirstprojectexpandingintotheMiddleEastmarketCRCCadoptsEPC+O&MforthefirsttimeQuestion：ShouldCRCCtenderalone?why?2.3TenderDecision-making投标决策策Case:CRCCMeccalightrailproject中国铁建建麦加轻轻轨项目目Actualresults:ThelossoccursandCRCCassumesalltheloss2.3TenderDecision-making投标决策策3.2Tenderoffersteps投标报价价的步骤骤3.1Definitionoftenderoffer投标报价价的定义义3.TenderOffer投标报价价Tenderoffer：afterbuyingtenderingdocuments,contractorcarryonofferaccordingtoprojectpropertiesandquantitysize.3.TenderOffer投标报价价3.1Definitionoftenderoffer投标报价价的定义义Sitevisits

StudyofthetenderdocumentCheckquantityDevelopmentof

theoverallconstructionplanUnitpricecalculationDeterminethetenderpricePreparationoftenderdocuments

3.TenderOffer投标报价价3.2Tenderoffersteps投标报价价的步骤骤NaturalandgeographicalconditionsSitevisits3.2TenderOfferSteps投标报价价的步骤骤Condition:施工区域域地处高高温和特特大风沙沙区，自自然环境境比较恶恶劣Question：Doyouthinkairconditioningdesignshouldbemadeaccordingtohowhighthetemperatureis?3.2TenderOfferSteps投标报价价的步骤骤Case:CRCCMeccalightrailproject中国铁建建麦加轻轻轨项目目空调设计计提高到到按照46度进行Actualresults:成本增加加空调最初初按照室室外温度度38度进行设设计3.2TenderOfferSteps投标报价价的步骤骤Studyofthetenderdocument3.2TenderOfferSteps投标报价