(新高考)高考英语三轮冲刺大题优练1 阅读理解 应用文(解析版)

阅读阅读理解（应用文）大题优练1优选例题优选例题【例题】(2020·山东卷)POETRYCHALLENGEWriteapoemabouthowcourage,determination,andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.Prizes3GrandPrizes:TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner’schoice.Tripincludesround-tripairtickets,hotelstayfortwonights,andtoursoftheNationalAirandSpaceMuseumandtheofficeofNationalGeographicWorld.6FirstPrizes:ThebookSkyPioneer:APhotobiographyofAmeliaEarhartsignedbyauthorCorinneSzaboandpilotLindaFinch.50HonorableMentions:Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart’sfinalflight.RulesFollowallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.■Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.Yourpoemcanbeanyformat,anynumberoflines.■Writebyhandortypeonasinglesheetofpaper.Youmayuseboththefrontandbackofthepaper.■Onthesamesheetofpaper,writeortypeyourname,address,telephonenumber,andbirthdate.■MailyourentrytousbyOctober31thisyear.1.Howmanypeoplecaneachgrandprizewinnertakeonthefreetrip?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Six.2.Whatwilleachofthehonorablementionwinnersget?A.Aplaneticket.B.AbookbyCorinneSzabo.C.AspecialT-shirt.D.AphotoofAmeliaEarhart.3.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?A.Typingyourpoemout.B.Writingapoemof120words.C.Usingbothsidesofthepaper.D.MailingyourentryonOctober30.【答案】1.A 2.C 3.B【解析】本文为应用文，内容为诗歌竞赛的规则和奖项。1.细节理解题。根据3GrandPrizes中第一句“TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner'schoice.”可知，旅行可以携带两个人，故选A。2.细节理解题。根据50HonorableMentions这一段“Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight”，由此可知，纪念奖是送的T恤，故选C。3.细节理解题。由Rules中“Followallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.”，写诗用词不能超过100词，故选B。模拟优练模拟优练（一）TheOlympicMuseumfirstopenedtothepubliconJune23rd,1993.ItisagreatmuseumsetinextremelyattractivegroundsonthebanksofLakeGeneva.Intotal,morethan3.5millionvisitorsofallagesandallwalksoflifehavecometothismuseumtoexperiencethemagicoftheOlympicGames.TheOlympicMuseum'srichcollectionsincludeitemsfromallovertheworld.Thecollectionsbegantotakeshapein1915,andhavecontinuedtogrowanddevelopovertheyears.Followingalmosttwoyearsofrenovationwork,TheOlympicMuseumnowhasanadditional1,000squaremetersofexhibitionspace.TherestauranthasbeenmovedtothesouthsideofthemuseumtoofferabeautifulviewoverthelakeandtheAlps,OpeningTimes:9amto6pm:fromMay1sttoOctober14th(MondaytoSunday)10amto6pm:fromOctober15thtoApril30th(TuesdaytoSunday)(butopenEasterMondayorforspecialevents).ClosedonDecember25thandJanuary1stMuseumRates:TicketscanbeboughtdirectlyatTheOlympicMuseum.Noreservationarerequired.Therearethreeticketmachines,twoonthegroundfloorandoneonthe2ndfloor.Adult:CHF18Childrenaged6-16(under6free):CHF10Disabledpersons:CHF124．WhatisthepurposeofvisitingTheOlympicMuseumformostpeople?A．Tofindmanynewinventions.B．ToenjoythebeautyofLakeGeneva.C．Tomeetpeopleofallagesandwalksoflife.D．ToenjoythecollectionsaboutTheOlympicMuseum.5．WhenthemuseumopenonthedayafterEasterSunday?A．At11am. B．At10am. C．At9am. D．At8am. 6．Wherecanwebuytheticketsofthemuseum?A．Onthewebsite.B．Intheticketmachineonthe2ndfloor.C．Inthethreeticketmachinesonthe1stfloor.D．Onthegroundfloorofthesouthsideofthemuseum.【答案】4．D 5．B 6．B【解析】4．推理判断题。根据第一段第三，四句可知，总共有350多万来自各个年龄段和各行各业的游客来到这座博物馆，体验奥运会的魅力。奥林匹克博物馆丰富的收藏品包括来自世界各地的物品。推知，对于大多数人来说，参观奥林匹克博物馆的目的是欣赏有关奥林匹克博物馆的收藏品。故选D。5．细节理解题。根据OpeningTimes中“10amto6pm:fromOctober15thtoApril30th(TuesdaytoSunday)(butopenEasterMondayorforspecialevents).(上午10时至下午6时:10月15日至4月30日(星期二至星期日)(复活节星期一开放或有特别活动)。)”可知，复活节后的白天营业时间是从上午10点开始。故选B。6．细节理解题。根据“TicketscanbeboughtdirectlyatTheOlympicMuseum.Noreservationarerequired.Therearethreeticketmachines,twoonthegroundfloorandoneonthe2ndfloor.”门票可以直接在奥林匹克博物馆购买。不需要预订。有三个售票机，两个在一楼，一个在二楼。由此可知，我们可以在一楼的两个售票机和二楼的一个售票机买票入场参观。故选B。（二）Enterthe17thAnnualKids’FishArtContestEachfall,OntariostudentsareinvitedtoentertheKids’FishArtContest．ThisfreeannualcontestletsyoushowoffyourartistictalentsandlearnaboutOntario’snativefishandtheirhabitats．Thecontestisopentoallstudents：●whoareresidentsofOntario●currentlyattendingelementaryorsecondaryschool(orhomeschooled)●betweenthegradesof4-12ChildrenofMinistryofNaturalResourcesandForestry’sFishandWildlifeServicesBranchemployeesarenotpermitted．PrizesThereis1winnerforeachofthe3categories：●gradesof4-6●gradesof7-9 ●gradesof10-12Thisyear’sprizesinclude：●afishingtripatBrennanHarbourResort●adayoffishingwithCanadianSportfishingTelevisionShowHost,ItaloLabignan●thewinningdesignsadvancetoaninternationalcompetitionKeydatesOpens:September30,2020Closes:December6,2020Announcementofwinners:March2021Howtoenter1.Prepareyourentry：●originalartwork●ashortessay2.Downloadandcompletetheentryform3.Mailyourentry,postmarkednolaterthanDecember6,2020To:OntarioMinistryofNaturalResourcesandForestryKids’FishArtContestPeterboroughONK9J3C7Do：●provideyourartisticinterpretationofthefishinitshabitat●submityouroriginal,hand-donecreationDonot：●usephotographs,tracings,computer-generatedartwork●submitfreehandcopiesofotherpeople’swork●putanylettering,signaturesorinitialsonthefrontofthedesignEssayWritea1essayabout：●yourfish●itshabitat●howtoprotectitforfuturegenerationsIncludeyournameandaddressonyouressay．7．Whoispermittedtosignupforthecontest?A．Cindy,a3graderfromOntario. B．Smith,a9-gradehomeschooler.C．Cristal,wholivesoutsideofOntario. D．Ann,whosemotherworkswiththecontest.8．Whenwillthewinningentriescomeout?C．March2021. B．December6,2020．A．September30,2020. D．December31,2020．9．Whatshouldparticipantsdoiftheywanttoenterthecontest?A．Createtheirartworksbyhand.B．Puttheirnamesontheirartworks.C．Mailtheentryformtothecontestholder.D．EnsuretheirentriesarereceivedbyDecember6,2020.【答案】7．B 8．A 9．A【解析】7．推理判断题。由第二段内容可知，比赛对符合以下条件的学生开放：①residentsofOntario②currentlyattendingelementaryorsecondaryschool（orhomeschooled）③betweenthegradesof4-12④ChildrenofMinistryofNaturalResourcesandForestry'sFishandWildlifeServicesBranchemployeesarenotpermitted，这四个条件，四个选项中只有B选项满足。故选B项。8．细节理解题。由文章Keydates这部分的“Announcementofwinners：March2021”，可知，宣布获胜者日期为March2021。故选C项。9．细节理解题。由文章Howtoenter部分的“Do：submityouroriginal,hand-donecreation”，可知，参赛作品必须是亲手创作的。故选A项。（三）TheVisitorOystercardAVisitorOystercardisthecheapestwaytopayforasingleadultjourneyinLondon.It’saplasticsmartcard.Youcanuseitonthebus,tube,tram,DLR,LondonOvergroundandmostNationalRailservices.It’smuchcheaperthanbuyingindividualtickets,insomecasescosting50%lessthanthepriceofaregularpaperticket.HowtogetaVisitorOystercardYoucanbuyaVisitorOystercardonline.Yourcardwillbedeliveredbypost.Thecardcosts£5andyouchoosehowmuchmoneyyouwanttoaddtothecard.ThismeansyoucanstartusingthecardthemomentyouarriveinCentralLondon.HowdoestheVisitorOystercardwork?TheOystercardworksonapay-as-you-gosystem.Youstartbyaddingmoneytothecard.Thenyoutravel,thecostofthefarewillautomaticallybedeductedfromyourVisitorOystercard.Forexample,ifyouadd£20tothecardandmakeatubejourneyof£2.30,youwillhave£17.70leftonthecard.Afewmorepoints:·Achildundertheageof11travelsfreewhenaccompaniedbyanadult.·You’llsavemoremoneyifyouusethetubeseveraltimes.TheVisitorOystercardis“capped(给……定上限)”at£6.80perday.·You’llpaymoreduringpeaktimes.PeakfaresapplyfromMondaytoFriday(6:30am—9:30am;4:00pm—7:00pm),exceptforpublicholidays.·ReusetheOystercardbyaddingcreditatatubestation,OysterticketshoporVisitorCentre.·ReceiveadiscountontheThamesClippersRiverBusservices.10．WhatcanwelearnabouttheVisitorOystercard?A．Youcan’tuseitduringpublicholidays.B．Youcanhaveitmaileddirectlytoyourhome.C．YoucangetafreeOystercardifyouorderonline.D．Youcanreceivea50%discountatanyshopinLondon.11．HowmuchmoneywillbedeductedifyoutakethetubeseveraltimeswithaVisitorOystercard?A．£3.40. B．£6.80.C．£9.20. D.£17.712．WherecanyouaddcredittoyourVisitorOystercard?A．OntheInternet. B．Atabusstation.C．Atatubestation. D．Inconveniencestores.【答案】10．B 11．B 12．C【解析】10．细节理解题。第二段第二句Yourcardwillbedeliveredbypost.可知,VisitorOystercard可以直接寄到你家。故选B。11．细节理解题。根据Afewmorepoints部分You’llsavemoremoneyifyouusethetubeseveraltimes.TheVisitorOystercardis“capped(给……定上限)”at£6.80perday.可知如果你乘几次地铁，你会节省更多的钱。VisitorOyster卡的“上限”是每天6.8英镑。故选B。12．细节理解题。根据Afewmorepoints部分倒数第二段ReusetheOystercardbyaddingcreditatatubestation,OysterticketshoporVisitorCentre.可知,可以在地铁站添加，故选C。（四）FourGreatclassicalpiecesinspiredbyanimalsCatalogueoftheBirdsbyOliverMessiaenMessiaentranscribed13birdsongstopianopieces.EachpieceiswrittenforaFrenchprovincewithatitleofbirdchosenforeachregion.Messiaenusesthe“colouroftones”atitsmostpowerful,wheredifferentsoundsinterconnectandlaythebirdsongamongthenaturemostbeautifully.TheCatandtheMousebyAaronCoplandWecanhearsovividlydifferentplotsandthetuneiseasilyaccessibletoalllisteners.Coplandusesthepaceandrhythmsuccessfully,whichcreatestheanimationinthemusic.Lotsofloudanddissonant(刺耳的)chordisfullyappliedintheentirepiece,givingthe“storytelling”naturetothemusic.TheMaidandtheNightingalebyEnriqueGranadosInthemusic,themaidsingsamournfulsongtothenightingaleasherloverhasgonetofightanotherguyoutofjealousy,andeventuallydies.Afterhermournful“song”ends,thelastpartofthepieceispurebirdsound.Granadosmainlyusesquickandlightsinglenotestopaintthemelodiesofbirdsongs.CarnivaloftheAnimalsbyCamilleSaint-SansTheCarnivaloftheAnimalsisthemostfamousworkfromSaint-Sans.Interestingly,heforbadetheworktobepublishedduringhislifetimeashefeltitdidnotrepresenthimproperly.Thedifferentmusicaltechniquesandthefastandlightrhythmofthefullsuitetrulymakethissetofworksthemosttypicalmusicforanimals.13．WhatcharacteristicdoTheCatandtheMouseandCarnivaloftheAnimalsshare?A．Mournful B．DynamicC．Discouraging D．Peaceful14．Whichworkgainsitspopularityoutofthecomposer'sexpectation?A．CatalogueoftheBirds B．TheCalandtheMouseC．TheMaidandtheNightingale D．CarnivaloftheAnimals15．Whatcanwelearnfromthefourclassicalpieces?A．EachpieceofCatalogueoftheBirdsisnamedafteraFrenchprovince.B．ThetuneofTheCatandtheMouseisacceptedbyalllisteners.C．TheCarnivaloftheAnimalsisthefirsthitofSaint-Sans.D．ThecreationofthebirdsoundinTheMaidenandtheNightingaleisdifferentfromCatalogueoftheBirds.【答案】13．B 14．D 15．D【解析】13．推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知，科普兰成功地运用了节奏和节奏，在音乐中创造了动画。说明这部作品展示了动态的这个特征。故选B。14．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知，他生前禁止这本书出版，因为他觉得这本书不能很好地代表他。不同的音乐技巧和整组曲快、轻的节奏使这组作品成为最典型的动物音乐。所以，CarnivaloftheAnimals这本书的流行出乎作曲家的意料。故选D。15．细节理解题。根据文章第一段，弥赛安将“色彩的音调”运用到最有力的地方，不同的声音相互连接，把鸟鸣置于大自然中最美丽的地方。和文章第三段，格拉纳多斯主要用轻快的单音来描绘鸟鸣的旋律。可知，《少女与夜莺》中鸟儿发出的声音与《鸟类目录》中不同。故选D。（五）Oneofthemostpopulartraveldestinationsintheworld,Englandoffersalmostendlesspossibilitiesforvacationersseekingfunthingstodoandtopattractionstovisit.TowerofLondonBuiltin1078byWilliamtheConqueror,theWhiteTowerishometoamazingexhibits,suchasLineofKings,theworld'soldestvisitorattraction,establishedin1652.OilierhighlightsincludetheimpressiveCrownJewelsexhibition,classicYeomanWarderTours.Ifyou'retravelingwithchildren,besuretocheckforspecialeventsforkids,including"KnightsSchool”andotherimmersiveprogramsthatprovidenfuninsightintothecastle'shistory.StonehengeStonehengeisEurope'sbest-knownprehistoricmonument.It'ssopopularthatvisitorsneedtoreserveaticketinadvancetoguaranteeentry.ExhibitionsattheexcellentStonehengevisitorcentersetthestageforavisit,explainingthroughaudio-visualexperiencesandmorethan250ancientobjectshowtheenormousstoneswereestablishedbetween3000and1500BC,andsharinginformationaboutlifeduringthistime.TheBritishMuseumWithcollectionsofantiquitiesthatareamongtheworld’sfinest,theBritishMuseumholdsmorethan13millionartifactsfromEgypt,Greece,theRomanEmpireandChina.ThemostfamousartifactsaretheElginMarblesfromtheParthenoninAthens.Besides,theAncientEgyptiancollectionisthelargestoutsideofCairo,andthehoardofRomansilver,unearthedinSuffolkin1942,isnothingshortofimpressive.WarwickCastleIfyou'relookingforatrulymemorableEnglishexcursionforthewholefamily,andonethatoffersafascinatinginsightintolifethroughexhibitions,youcouldn'tdomuchbetterth