人教版新目标英语八年级下册：Unit9《Haveyoueverbeentomuseum》讲解+练习题目+答案

Unit9知识点和练习附详细参考答案inventinvent作动词，意为“发明；创造“。例如：Edisoninventedthelightbulb. 爱迪生发明了电灯。invent还可以表示"虚构"。例如：Thewholestorywasinvented. 整个故事是虚构的。33)invent的名词形式有两个，一个是inventor(发明者；发明家)，另一个是invention(发明物)。例如：Edisonisagreatinventorinhistory.爱迪生是历史上伟大的发明家。Humanhistoryisalsoahistoryofgreatinventions.人类的历史也是一个伟大发明的历史。【拓展】invent和discover的辨析：invent意为“发明，发明之物”指“从无到有”。例如：AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.亚历山大？格雷厄姆？贝尔在1876年发明了电话。discover意为“发现”，指“本来就已经存在，但不为人知”的事物。例如：ColumbusdiscoveredAmericain1492. 哥伦布在1492年发现了美洲。unbelievableunbelievable作形容词，意为“难以置信白不真实的”，是由believable "可相信的；可信任的”加否定前缀 un-派生而来的。其动词形式为 believe,意为“相信；以为”。例如：It'sunbelievablethatyouareawriter. 我难相信你是一个作家。【拓展】un-是个前缀，意为“不”。例如：happy”高兴的"一unhappy"不高兴的"；lucky“幸运的"一unlucky"不幸的"；important ”重要的"一unimportant;“不重要的"；healthy“健康的"一unhealthy "不健康的"。encourageencourage作动，意为“鼓励”。encouragesb.todosth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”例如：Theteacheroftenencouragesustostudyhard.老师经常鼓励我们要努力学习。Mymotherencouragedmetoenterthecontest.妈妈鼓励我参加那场比赛。【拓展】encouragesb.insth.意为"在 方面鼓励/助长某人”。例如：Don'tencouragehiminlaziness.别助长他的懒惰行为。2)encouragement是encourage的名形式，意为“鼓舞 /鼓励”。例如：Theteacher'swordswereagreatencouragementtohim.老师的话对他是极大的鼓舞。collectcollect作及物动，意为“收集，搜集”。例如：collectstamps收集邮票 collectcoins收集硬币【拓展】collection作名，意为“收藏品、收集物”。是动 collect的名形式，是由动词collect后缀－tion变化来的。collector作名，意为“收藏家”。例如：Thesearemycollections.这些是我的收藏品。Mybrotherhasaverygoodcollectionofstamps.我的弟弟收集了许多邮票。Markisafamousstampcollector.Mark是一位著名的邮票收藏家。acoupleofacoupleof意为“少数；几个”。例如：Heboughtacoupleofbooksforhisdaughter.他为他的女儿买了几本书。【拓展】acoupleof还可意为“一双；一对”。

例如：Ifoundacoupleofsocksintheroombuttheydidnotmakeapair.我在房间里找到两只袜子，但他们不是一双。thousandsofthousand是数词，意为“千”，当表示具体的“几千”时，用“基数词 +thousand”，注意不加-s。例如：Therearesixthousandstudentsinthecity. 这个城市有 6000名学生。【拓展】thousandsof表示“数千，成千上万的”这时 thousand后要加-s，且后面有介词of，但是不能与数词连用。例如：Therearethousandsofpeopleonthesquare. 在广场上有成千上万的人。（2）表示数词的还有 hundred“百”，million“百万”，billion“十亿”。它们的用法和thousand一样，可以用来表示约数和确数。whetherwhether常引导宾语从句，表示“是否”之意。当把一般疑问句的直接引语转化成间接引语时，常用if或whether作引导词。例如：Iaskedher,“DoyoustudyEnglishhere?”我问她：“你在这里学习英语吗？”Iaskedherif/whethershestudiedEnglishthere. 我问她是否在那里学习英语。【拓展】if和whether的辨析：if和whether均可表示“是否”，一般情况下二者可以互换。但在下列条件下，只能用whether而不能用if：if后不能直接接 ornot。whether可作介词的宾语。whether后可接不定式。whether可用于句首。whether可引导主语从句、表语从句。例如：Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.一切都取决于我们是否有足够的钱。Itdoesn'tmatterwhetherhewillcomeornot.Whetheritisrightorwrong,Idon'tknow.正确与否，我不知道。Itdoesn'tmatterwhetherhewillcomeornot.他来不来没关系。mostlymostly作副词，意为“主要地；通常例如：Hereadstheoccasionalbook,butmostlyjustmagazines.他偶尔也看书，但大多只看杂志。Lizardslivemostlyinwarmclimates.蜥蜴主要生长在气候温暖的地方。HeworksmostlyinLondonoffice.他通常在伦敦办事处工作。句式精讲I'veneverbeencamping.hhave+been+现在分词”为现在完成进行时结构。表示从过去某一时刻一直延续至今的动作。在句中，说话人使用这一时态来强调自己从未有过野营的经历，欠缺这方面经验。例如：I'vebeencleaningthehousebutIstillhaven'tfinished.我一直在打扫屋子，但我仍然没有做完。havebeenworkingfor12hours.我已经工作了12小时了。（刚结束了工作，或者还正在做并将继续）。句式精讲Iwonderhowmuchmorecomputerswillbeabletodointhefuture.wonder作及物动词，意为“想知道；对……感到怀疑”，常见的用法有：1）后接 who，what，why，where等引导的宾语从句。Iwonderwhosheis.我想知道她是谁。Shewonderedwhatthechildwasdoing.她感到疑惑，孩子究竟在干什么。IwonderwhyAnnislate.我想知道安为什么迟到了。Iwonderwheretheyhavegone.我想知道他们去哪儿了。2）后接that引导的宾语从句，表示“对……感到惊讶"， that常可省去。Iwonder（that）shehaswontherace.我对她赢了比赛感到惊讶。3）后接 if或whether引导的宾语从句，常用来表示一种委婉的请求或疑问。Shewonderedwhetheryouwerefreethatmorning.她想知道你那天上午是否有空。Iwonderifhewillsucceed.我不知道他会不会成功。Let'sgotoonetomorrow.let意为“让，允许”，表示“让（允许）某人做某事”应该说“letsb.dosth.不能说“letsb.todosth.”。例如：Letmehelpyou.让我帮助你。Hismotherdoesn'tlethimgooutatnight.他母亲不让他晚上出去。let's…是表示建议或请求的祈使句句型， let's是letus 的缩写形式。例如：Let'sgotoschool.咱们上学吧。Let'splaybasketballafterschool.咱们放学后打篮球吧。【拓展】let's与letus在用法上略有区别。在表示向对方提出建议，涉及双方的共同行为时，letus可以缩写成 let's；而表示请求对方允许做某事，不涉及对方行为时，letus不能缩写成 let's。例如：Let's（=Letus）playsports.咱们做运动吧。Letusknowyourtelephonenumber.请把你的电话号码告诉我们。（Letus不能缩写成 Let's）【注意】以Let's开头的句子改为反意疑问句的时候，后面的附加疑问句用“shallwe?”，因为Let's是把说话人包含在内了；以Letus开头的句子改为反意疑问句的时候，后面的附加疑问句用“willyou?”，因为Letus不包括对方。It'sreallyinteresting,isn'tit?It'sreallyinteresting, isn'tit?是反意疑问句，表示对陈述句所说的事实提出相反的疑问，要求对方用yes或no来进行回答。反意疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是陈述句，后一部分是疑问句，疑问句是由be，have，助动词或情态动词后接主语构成。如果陈述句是肯定结构，反意疑问句须用否定结构；反之，陈述句如果是否定结构，反意疑问句须用肯定结构。反意疑问句的两部分，必须保持人称和时态的一致。例如：Heisold,isn'the?他老了，不是吗？Heneverwentthere,didhe?他从没有去过那里，是吗？无论哪种形式的反意疑问句，回答时要遵循：“Yes,后接肯定式”或者“No,后接否定式。例如：—Thegirlishelpinghermotherwiththehousework,isn'tshe?那个女孩正在帮妈妈做家务，不是吗？—Yes,sheis.是的，她在帮。—No,sheisn't.不，她没有帮。Theteaartperformancesshowhowtomakeaperfectcupofteawithbeautifulteasets.howtomakeaperfectcupoftea是"特殊疑问词+动词不定式“，在句子中作动词show的宾语。相当于特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。例如：Idon'tknowwhattodo=Idon'tknowwhatIcandonext.我不知道下一步做什么。【拓展】疑问词what,which,how,where,when等可以和动词不定式连用，构成不定式短语。“疑问词+动词不定式”可以做主语、宾语、表语等。例如：Whentostartoffhasn'tbeendecidedyet. 什么时候出发还没决定。（做主语）Thequestioniswhichbustotake. 问题是乘哪辆公共汽车。（做表语）“疑问词+动词不定式”可以由名词从句简化而来。Idon'tknowwhatIshouldsay. fIdon'tknowwhattosay.我不知道该说些什么。句式精练I.句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。Maryhasn'tbeentoDalian.Ihaven'tbeentoDalian,either.（改为同义句）MaryIbeentoDalian.Tomisthetallestboyinhisclass .（改为同义句）Tomistallerthaninhisclass .Lindahasn'tbeentoWuhan.Ihaven'tbeenthere,either.（改为同义句）Lindahasn'tbeentoWuhan..She'sbeentoQingdaotwice.（对划线部分提问）hasshebeentoQingdao?Theyhavecleanedtheclassroom.（改为否定句）Theytheclassroom.Hasyourbrotherfinishedhishomework?（ 作肯定回答）Yes,..句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。Neither;nor;haveanyotherboy/theotherboysMeneitherHowmanytimeshaven'tcleanedhehas.根据汉语提示，完成句子。.四分之三以上的人口是中国人。MorethanofthepopulationareChinese ..你将毫不费力地找到米饭、面条或饺子。Youwon'thaveanyrice,noodlesordumplings.我不知道你是否喜欢印度食品。Idon'tknowyoulikeIndianfood..天黑的时候去动物园或许很奇怪。Ittogotoazoowhenit'sdark ..你可以选择在你喜欢的任何时间去那里。Youcanchoosetogo.如果你不去买东西，我也不去。Ifyoudon'tgoshopping,..许多孩子已经听说那部电影了。Lotsofchildrenhavethatmoviealready ..我常看见他们在家写作业。Ioftentheirhomeworkathome..这本字典比其他的字典贵很多。Thisdictionaryismoreexpensivethan.在博物馆有那么多好看的东西。There'stoseeinthemuseum..根据汉语提示，完成句子。threequartersproblemgettingwhether/ifmightseemstrangewheneveryoulikeneitherwillIheardofseethemdoanyotherone/dictionary或theotherdictionariessomuchfunIII. 语法专练：句型转化。Ihaven'twashedtheclothes.Neitherhasshe.（ 改为同义句）Ihaven'twashedtheclothes.She.Shehasalreadyfinishedthehomework.（ 改为否定句）Shethehomework.BothofthemhavevisitedMountHuang.（ 改为否定句）themvisitedMountHuang.Neitherthisanswernorthatoneisright.（ 改为同义句）theanswerright.改为同义HehasneverbeentoNewYork.Ihaveneverbeenthere,either.(改为同义句)HehasneverbeentoNewYork,andI.III.语法专练：句型转化。hasn'teitherhasn'tfinished;yetNeitherof;has|Neitherof;isneitherhaveIV.从方框中选择适当的句子完成对话。IwishIwillgotherewithyouthatday.ButIhaveneverbeentoanamusementpark.Wherewillyougo?Wehavenotimenow.Howmuchistheticket?Haveyoueverbeentoanaquarium?Yes,Ihave.Iwenttherelastyear.1NeitherhaveI.Iwanttogothere.Iwanttogotothespacemuseum,too.Ihaven'teverbeentothespacemuseum,either.Myfathersaidhewouldtakemethereoneday.Howluckyyouare!2Iwish,too.Ibelievewewillhaveagreattimethere.Yes.Nowit'sgettinglate.3Iwanttoseeafilminthetheaternow.Iwanttogo,too.4Twentyyuan.5Let'sgo.IV.从方框中选择适当的句子完成对话。1-5:BACED巩固练习I.单项选择。一Howdoyougotoschooleveryday,bybikeorbybus?—.Igotoschoolonfoot.A.BothB.EitherC.NoneD.Neitherofthestudentsinourschoolhaveseenthefilm .A.ThirdquartersB.ThreequarterC.AthreequarterD.Threequarters

3PleasebequietIhave totellyouBimportantsomethingDanythingimportantBimportantsomethingDanythingimportant?， CsomethingimportantHecanhardlyspeakEnglishAcanheBcan'theCdoesheDdoesn'theTheygaveaway bookstoourschoollastyearAthousandofBtwothousandsCthousandsofDtwothousandofI'veneverseen birdbeforeAsoabeautifulBsuchabeautifulCsobeautifulDsuchbeautifulYoucancomeandplaywithme you'refreeAwhateverBwhereverChoweverDwheneverWedidn'thaveanyproblems thebookstoreAfindingBfindCtofindDfoundIwanttoknow Awheredoeshelive BhowoldisheCwhatheisdoing DhowsoonwillhecomebackLook!Canyouseethechildren inthepark?AbeplayingBplayingCtoplayDplay—Haveyou visitedtheoldhousebytheriver?—No， Aever；everBever；neverCnever；everDnever；never— yoursister HainanIsland?Yes，shesaiditisawonderfulplaceADid；goBWill；goCHas；gonetoDHas；beento13．— haveyoustayedinthiscity?Foraboutfiveyears．A．HowlongB．HowfarC．Howsoon D．Howoften14．IliketravelingandIwanttofindajob atourguideA．asB．forC．underD．at15．— Ineedto EnglishwellifIwanttobeaflightattendant—IthinkMr.Smithcan yousomeeasywaystoimproveyourEnglishbetterandfaster．A．speak；tellB．speak；sayC．say；tellD．say；talkto完形填空。Thatdaywaslikeanyotherdayinhislife.AfterschoolMichaelwalkedpasttheshopinthestreetcorner.Hestoppedto___l___thefrontrowofshoes,andhefeltsorryforhimself.He___2___wantedtohaveapairofshoesforhisbirthday.Hewalkedawaysadlyandthoughtofwhattotellhismother.Heknewshewouldgivehim___3___ifshecould.Buthealsoknewverywellshehad___4___money.Hedecidednottogohome___5___,ashelookedworriedandhismotherwouldnoticeit.Sohewenttotheparkandsatdownonthegrass.Thenhesawaboyinawheelchair.Henoticedthattheboymovedthewheelswithhishands.Michaellookedathimcarefullyandwas___6___toseethattheboyhadnofeet.Helooked___7___athisownfeet. “Itis___8___bettertobewithoutshoesthan___9___feet.”hethought.Therewasnoreasonforhimto___l0___sosorryandsad.Hewentawayandsmiled,thinkinghewasmoreluckyinhislife.1.A.seeB.lookatC.hearD.notice2.A.gladlyB.nearlyC.reallyD.quickly3.A.somethingB.whatC.nothingD.anything4.A.littleB.alittleC.muchD.lotsof5.A.atonceB.thenC.justnowD.atall

6.A.pleasedB.excitedC.surprised6.A.pleasedB.excitedC.surprisedD.interested7.A.upB.throughC.outD.down8.A.muchB.stillC.evenD.less9.A.outofB.withC.withoutD.havingnoAlook B.feel C.appear D.seem阅读理解。AMr.andMrs.Turnerliveoutsideasmalltown.Theyhaveabigfarmandtheyarealwaysbusyworkingonit.Theirson,Peter,studiedatamiddleschool.Theyoungmanstudiedhardanddidwellinhislessons.Itmadethemhappy.LastmonthPeterfinishedmiddleschoolandpassedtheentranceexamination（升学考试）.Mrs.Turnerwasveryhappyandtoldthefarmersaboutit.Yesterdaymorningthewomanwenttothetowntobuysomethingforherson.Onthebusshetoldoneofherfriendshowcleverandablehersonwas. Shespokeveryloudly.Allthepeopleinthebusbegantolistentoher.“Whichuniversity （大学）willyoursonstudyin?”awomannexttoherasked.“Inthemostfamousuniversityinourcountry! ”Mrs.Turnersaidhappily.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z“Themostfamousuniversity? ”“OxfordUniversity（牛津）.”Mostofthepassengers（乘客）lookedathercarefully.Someofthemsaidtoher,“Congratulations! ”Awomansaid,“I'msurehe'llknowFredSmith.”“Who'sFredSmith?”“He'smyson.”“Doeshestudyintheuniversity,too? ”“No,”saidthewoman.“Heisoneoftheprofessors.”Thestoryhappenedin .A.AmericaB.FranceC.GermanyD.EnglandMr.andMrs.Turnerwerehappybecause theirsondidwellinhislessonstheyhaveabigfarmtheyhaveagoodharvesttheirsonstudiedatamiddleschoolMrs.Turnerwantedeveryonetoknow .hersonfinishedmiddleschoolhersonwashandsomehersonwasgoingtostudyinauniversityhersonwasveryfriendlytoothersMrs.Turnerspokesoloudlyinthebusthat herfriendcouldhearherallthepeoplecouldhearhershehopedtomakeallthepeoplehappyshehopedtheywouldsaycongratulationstoherWhichofthefollowingistrue? .A.Thewomanwasn'tinterestedinMrs.Turner'swordsMrs.TurnerknewnothingaboutthefamousuniversityThewomanwantedtostopMrs.Turnerfromshowingoff（ 炫耀）ThewomannexttoMrs.Turnerwantedtoshowoffherson,tooBlueOceanAquariumisagreatplaceforfamiliestotakeaholiday ．ChildrenlovetoseetheseaanimalsandwatchmoviesaboutsharksinitLastSaturdaymorning，Mr.Blacktookhiswifeandtwolittlesonstotheaquarium.Attheticketoffice，heasked，“HowmuchshallIpaytogetin?”Thewomanattheticketofficeanswered，“Thepriceis20dollarsforeachadult（成年人）oranykidolderthanfive．Weletkidsinfree（免费）iftheyarefiveoryounger．Howoldareyourkids?”Mr.Blacksaid，“Theolderoneissixandtheyoungeroneisthree．IthinkImustbuythreetickets.”Thewomanwassurprised．Shesaid，“Sir，don'tyouwanttosave20dollars?Ifyoutellmeyouroldersonisfive ，Iwon'tknowthedifference.”Mr.Blacksaidwithasmile，“Yes，thatsoundsright，butmykidswillknowthedifference.”FromMr.Black'sstory，weknowhonestyisveryimportantinthemodernsociety．Weshouldtellthetruthtothepeoplearoundus，especiallytothekids．TherearepeopleinthisstoryA.threeB.fiveC.fourD.sixMr.BlackpaidfortheirticketstotheaquariumatlastA.20dollarsB.40dollarsC.60dollarsD.80dollarsChildrencanseeinBlueOceanAquarium.A.dolphinsB.pandasC.koalasD.tigersTheunderlinedword“honesty"means.A.激情B.友谊C.乐观D.诚实Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Mr.Blackwasveryrich.Mr.Blackwantedtosavesomemoney.Mr.Blackpaidforhistwosons'ticketsintheend .Mr.Blackthoughthonestywasmoreimportantthanmoney .书面表达。假设你是吉姆，上周末你和父母乘飞机去海南度假了。 请以AwonderfultriptoHainan为题，写一篇80词左右的短文。AwonderfultriptoHainanI.单项选择。Do由答语中“我步行去上学”可知既不是骑自行车，也不是乘公共汽车。表示“两者都不"用neithero故选D。Do在表达分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，如果分子大于一，分母用复数形式。"四分之三”应表示为threequarters,故选D。Co形容词修饰不定代词时要后置，故排除A、B两项；一般情况下，something用于肯定句中，anything用于否定句或疑问句中，故选C。Ao因为陈述句中有否定词 hardly,所以反意疑问部分用肯定形式。 又因句中有情态动词can,故选AoC。当thousand前有具体数字修饰时，thousand必须用单数形式，故排除B项；当其表示概数时，用复数形式，并且后加 of,即thousandsof,意为“数以千计的，许许多多的"。故选CoBo空格后的bird为可数名词单数；“such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数”可与“so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数”进行互换。故选B。Do由句意“无论你何时有空，都可以来和我玩"知， whenever符合题意。A。haveproblems（in）doingsth.意为“做某事很费事”，为固定结构。Co宾语从句用陈述语序，而A、B和D三项都用了疑问语序，可排除，故选 CoBoseesb.dosth.“看见某人做某事“，强调全过程；seesb.doingsth.“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。由句中的“Look!”可知强调动作正在进行，故选BoB。ever用于一般疑问句，而never用于否定句，表示“从未”的意思。D。用现在完成时说明到目前为止的情况。 have/hasbeento表示“去过某地（现已回来）"，have/hasgoneto表示“去了某地（正在去的路上或已经到了）"。由答语可知是“去过了"，故选D。Ao答语是"for+一段时间”，故用howlong提问。Aoasatourguide意为"作为一名导游”。AospeakEnglish意为"说英语"；tellsb.sth.意为“告诉某人某事”。II.完形填空。Bolookat表示“看"，指有意识地看；而see是"看见"，notice是“注意到"，它们都表示无意识的动作。Co根据前面的"hefeltsorryforhimself",判断他很想要双鞋。D。从上下文可看出他妈妈深爱他， 如有可能，她会为他买任何东西，anything是“任何东西”的意思，在此表示一种强调的语气。Ao通过but一词，可知语气转折，littlemoney为“几乎没有钱"，表示否定意义。而alittle则表示“少许,一点点”。Ao根据"ashelookedworriedandhismotherwouldnotice”做出判断，为了不使他妈