2023年河南省信阳市息县一中高考仿真卷英语试卷（含答案解析）

2023高考英语模拟试卷注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．I’mnotsureofthereasonforthedog’sillness,butit____byeatingtoomuch.A．mayhavebeencaused B．needhavebeencausedC．shouldhavebeencaused D．musthavebeencaused2．---CanyoucomeonMondayofTuesday？---I'mafraid__________dayispossible.A．either B．neitherC．some D．any3．—Howdiditcomethatyoudamagedyourcarsobadly?—I____intoatreeontheroadsidetheotherday.A．ran B．hadrun C．wasrunning D．run4．Thepolicehaveanyonewithinformationtocomeforwardandtalktothem.A．appealedtoB．attendedtoC．respondedtoD．attachedto5．Thoughlackingthenecessaryworkingexperience,mycousingotthejob______herconfidenceandflexibility.A．intermsofB．inresponsetoC．byvirtueofD．withrespectto6．____ofdangerinthestreetatnight,thegirldoesn’tdaretogooutwithoutsomeone____her.A．Warned;accompaniedB．Warned;accompanyingC．Warning;accompaniedD．Warning;accompanying7．Theweatherturnedouttobefine.I_____________thetroubletocarrytheumbrellawithme.A．shouldhavetaken B．musthavetakenC．couldn'thavetaken D．needn'thavetaken8．Peoplefromallwalksoflifeareeagerforsuccess,_______lackofconfidence,however,isagreatbarrier.A．where B．whichC．towhich D．beyondwhich9．—Thelectureabout3Dtechnologywasveryinteresting.—It’sapity.HowIwishI________timetoattendit.A．had B．have C．hadhad D．havehad10．Atthattime,mymindwasacomplete_______;Icouldn'tthinkofasingleanswer.A．blank B．bonusC．blow D．bottom11．Theproblemliesin______we’renowgivinghimafish,notteachinghimhowtofish.A．what B．thatC．which D．if12．We’llhavetofinishit,_____________.A．howeverittakeslong B．howeverlongittakesC．nomatterhowittakes D．nomatterhowlongdoesittake13．Thegovernmentisto_____thetechnologiestothefullinthestructuraltransformationoftheeconomy.A．adaptB．exposeC．exploitD．attach14．Thegovernmentplaced_____onthenumbersofforeigncarsthatcouldbeimported.A．limitations B．administrationC．requirements D．restrictions15．Comehere,Mary.Ifyoustandatthisangle,you______justseethesunset.A．must B．needC．can D．should16．Sinceitwasgettinglate,wedecidedtofindasmallinnto_______forthenight.A．putoff B．putout C．putaway. D．putup17．AsJohnLennononcesaid,lifeis________happenstoyouwhileyouarebusymakingotherplans.A．Which B．thatC．what D．where18．Theydohaveadifferenttotheproblemofoverpopulation．A．solutionB．opinionC．decisionD．conclusion19．Thedebatehasonlyafewmomentsthatmightbeinspiringtothosewho______thisissue.A．followed B．hadfollowed C．havebeenfollowing D．werefollowing20．Somepeoplesuggestchangingthedateforthecollegeentranceexamsinto______SaturdayandSundayofthefirstweekofJune,whichIthinkis______goodadvice.A．/;/ B．the;the C．the;a D．the;/第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Inacountrywheremanygirlsarestilldiscouragedfromgoingtoschool,SushmaVermaishavinganythingbutatypicalchildhood.The13-year-oldgirlfromapoorfamilyinnorthIndiahasenrolledin(入学登记)amaster’sdegreeinmicrobiology,afterherfathersoldhislandtopayforsomeofhisdaughter’stuitiontohelphertobepartofIndia’sgrowingmiddleclass.Vermafinishedhighschoolat7andearnedanundergraduatedegreeatage13withtheencouragementofheruneducatedandpoorparents.“TheyallowedmetodowhatIwantedtodo,”Vermasaid,“Ihopethatotherparentsdon’tmaketheirchildrenaccepttheirchoices.”Sushmaliveswithherfamilyinacrowdedsingle-roomapartmentinLucknow.Theironlyincomeisherfather’sdailywageofupto200rupees(lessthan$3.50)forlaboringonconstructionsites.Theirmostpreciouspossessionsincludeastudytableandasecond-handcomputer.Itisnotagreatatmosphereforstudying,sheadmitted.Buthavingnotelevisionandlittleelseathomehasadvantages,shesaid.“Thereisnothingtodobutstudy.”Herfirstchoicewastobecomeadoctor,butshecannottakethetesttoqualifyformedicalschooluntilsheis18.“SoIchosethemaster’sofscienceandthenIwilldoadoctor’sdegree,”shesaid.Inanotherfamily,Sushmamightnothavebeenabletoreceivehighereducation.MillionsofIndianchildrenarestillnotenrolledingradeschool,andmanyofthemaregirlswhoseparentschoosetoholdthembackinfavourofadvancingtheirsons.Somefromconservative(守旧的)villageculturesareexpectedonlytogetmarried.“Thegirlisaninspirationforstudentswhoarebornwitheverything”,saidDr.BindeshwarPathakofSulabhInternational,whodecidedtohelpafterseeingalocaltelevisionprogramonSushma.Sheisalsoreceivingfinancialaidfromwell-wishingciviliansandothercharities.1、WhichwordcanbestdescribeSushmaVerma’sfather?A．Strict.B．Educated.C．Understanding.D．Supportive.2、Whydoesthewritermentionastudytableandasecond-handcomputer?A．Toshowherfamilyenjoyasimplelife.B．Toshowherfamilyliveaverypoorlife.C．Totellusherroomispoorlyfurnished.D．Totellusherroomisagreatplacetostudyin.3、WhatmadeSushmanotqualifiedtotakethetestformedicalschool?A．Herage.B．Herchoice.C．Herinterest.D．Herpoverty.4、Whatcanweinferfromparagraph6?A．Indianparentstreattheirsonsanddaughtersequally.B．Indianparentsspendmuchoftheirincomeoneducation.C．Indianboyshavemorechancestoreceivehighereducation.D．Indiangirlsinthecountrysidegetmarriedwhentheyleaveprimaryschool.22．（8分）Youknowthosenutritionguidelinesthegovernmentissueseveryfewyears?Itturnsoutthatfollowingthemisn'tjustgoodforyourhealth.It'sgoodfortheplanet,too.“Whatwefoundisthatimpactsvaryacrossnations,butinthehigh­impactnations,ingeneral,youcanseethat,ifyoufollowanationallyrecommendeddiet,despitethefactthatthesedietsdon'tmentionexplicitly—ormostofthemdon'texplicitlymention—environmentalimpacts,thatyouaregoingtohavelowerenvironmentalimpactsduetothat.Sothat'ssortoffairlyclearacrossallthehigh­incomenations.”saidPaulBehrens,anenvironmentalscientistatLeidenUniversityintheNetherlands.Thefoodweeattakesabigtollontheenvironment.Athirdoftheice­freelandonEarthisusedforagriculture,andaccordingtosomeestimates,producingfoodaccountsforroughlyafifthofallhuman­causedgreenhousegasemissions.Fertilizerrunoffalsoleadstootherproblems,likethealgaebloomsinLakeEerieandtheDeadZoneintheGulfofMexico.However,followingdietaryguidelineswouldreducethoseimpacts,especiallyinwealthycountriesliketheUS.“Mostofthereductionscomefrommeatanddairy，”whichhaveanoutsizedimpactonlanduseandpollution,andareamajorsourceofgreenhousegases.(That'spartlyduetocowfarts.Seriously.)Followingthesuggestionswouldalsomeaneatingfewercalories,sincemanypeoplehereeatmorethantheyneed.Overall,inhigh­incomecountries,Behren'steamestimatesthatfollowingtherulescouldresultinasmuchasa17percentreductioninlanduse,a21percentreductioninnutrientpollution,anda25percentdropinagriculturalgreenhousegasemissions.Cuttingdownonhowmuchfoodwewaste—whichisroughlyathirdintheUS—couldhelpevenmore.TheresultsareintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Ofcourse,peoplearenotoriouslybadatfollowingdiets.But:“Thesenationallyrecommendedguidelinesdoactuallyhaveaknock­oneffectonotherareasofpolicymaking.SoifI'mdevelopinganewhealthy­eating­for­schoolsprogramthenthat'sgoingtobebasedoffalotofdetailthatIgetfromthenationallyrecommendedguidelines.Sowhileitmightnotnecessarilybethecasethatpeoplefollowdirectly…theyactuallyarequiteinfluentialonthepreparationofotheradvice.”Itseemsthatasmallerenvironmentalfootprintandahealthierlifestylecouldgohandinhand.1、WhichofthefollowingstatementwillPaulBehrensapproveof?A．Followinganationallyrecommendeddietcanhavesimilarimpactsindifferentcountries.B．Followinganationallyrecommendeddietcandogoodtoourhealth.C．Notallthecountrieshaverecommendeddietsinanexplicitmanner.D．Somehigh­incomenationsdon'tmentionthedietexplicitlyforitsimpactscanbeignored.2、Whatdotheunderlinedwords“takesabigtollon”inparagraph3probablymean?A．showssignsof B．hasabadeffectonC．takesfulladvantageof D．makesupfor3、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Foodproductioncanleadtoabout20percentofhuman­causedgreenhousegaswithonlyathirdoftheice­freelandused.B．Itisestimatedthatfollowingdietaryguidelinescanleadtodecreaseinmorelandusethaninnutrientpollution.C．PaulBehrens'newprogramconcerninghealthyeatingforschoolsislikelytobebasedonnationalnutritionguidelines.D．Somewealthycountriestendtoreducemeatanddairythoughtheotherareasofpolicymakingisn'teffectedmuch.23．（8分）InFlorida,oneMcDonald’scustomerstaredapay-it-forwardchainthatinspiredother249customerstobegenerousanddothesame.ABCNewsreportsthespiritofgivingisintheairas250drive-thru（免下车服务）customeratalocalMcDonald’spaidforthemealsofthepeoplenexttothethem.LakelandcustomerTorieKeenewaspayingforherfoodonWednesdaymorningwhenshedecidedtopayforthemealofthecarnexttoher.KeenethenpurposelytoldMcDonald’scashierMarisabelFigueroatogreettheothercustomer“MerryChristmas”andnot“HappyHolidays.”ThenextcustomerwasmovedwhenFigueroasaidherfoodwasalreadypaidbythepreviouscar.That’swhenshethoughtthatshewouldlovetodothesameandthedominoeffectfollowed.Figueroa,whoworkedfrom9a.m.to3p.m.onWednesday,saidthatthechainreactionalmostlasedforherentireshift.“Ijustkeptgivingeveryonethesamemessage,andtheywereallsostunnedandsohappy”,shecontinued,“Oneladyevenpaidforthemealsofthenextthreecarsbehindher.”Whilepeoplewereamazedbyhowgeneroustheycouldget,Figueroasaidshehad“neverexperiencedsomethinglikethatbefore”inher12yearsofworkingforMcDonald’s.“Ijustkeptgivingeveryonethesamemessage,andtheywereallsostunnedandsohappy”,shecontinued,“Oneladyevenpaidforthemealsofthenextthreecarsbehindher.”Whilepeoplewereamazedbyhowgeneroustheycouldget,Figueroasaidshehad“neverexperiencedsomethinglikethatbefore”inher12yearsofworkingforMcDonald’s.“Ifeelveryblessedtohavebeenapartofallthat”,thecashiersaid.KeenecontactedFigueroaonFacebookwhenthepay-it-forwardchaincameoutinthelocalnews.Sherevealedthatshewasthe“mysterycustomer”thatstartedthelongchainofkindness.Keeneaddedthatshewassurprisedbythenumberofpeoplewhocontinuedhergooddeedwhenshewasonlytryingtobrightensomeone’sday.1、Whostartedthepay-it-forwardchain?A．TorieKeenefromLakeland.B．MarisabelFigueroa.C．ManagerofaMcDonald’s.D．FatherChristmas.2、What’rethedrivers’reactionstowardsthegenerousbehavior?A．Luckyandunbelievable.B．Funnyandsurprised.C．Amazedandmoved.D．Ridiculousandhappy.3、Forhowlongdidthechainlast?A．Aweek.B．Awholeday.C．Abouttwelvehours.D．Aboutsixhours.24．（8分）Myviolinislikeasoulmatethatwhisperswordsofwisdomtome.Together,we’vegonethroughbothtearsandhappiness.About12yearsago,Imadeacquaintancewithitfollowinganorderfrommymom.Manyhoursofboredomwerespentpracticingit.Andtomakethingsworse,thedisappointmentinmyteacher’seyesasIplayedthewrongnoteswaslikeaninvisiblehammer,strikingonmyheart.Oneday,Ifinallydecided:Ihateit!Bychance,thingschangedwhenIwasseven.Iwasathomelyingonthesofa,wonderinghowthosefamousviolinistsdealtwiththisterribledilemma.IsearchedonlinefortheE-minorConcerto,awell-knownviolinworkbyGermancomposerFelixMendelssohn,andlistenedtoit.Abeautifulandmysterioussoundcamefromtheviolinasthebowmovedacrossit.Itwaslikethemusicslidovertheflowers,roseup,andstartedtofilltheair.Theviolin’svoicewokeupthesun,madethetreesgreen,andfreshenedtheair.Asthemusicchanged,theskyturnedbacktogray.Agloomyshadecoveredthegrassasallthesunshinedisappeared.Icouldhearchildrencryingandmenshouting.Itwaslikeaninvisibleclawhadgrabbedmyhearttightly,makingitunabletobeat.Thatgloriousdaysetoffmypassionandinterestinviolin-Igrabbedmineandneverletitgo.Beforethememoriesfaded,Istaredatmyinstrument.Withouthesitating,Ipickeditup,rosined(用松香擦)thebow,andbegantoplay.Peacefilledmyheart.Myviolinhasbeenbymysidefor12years.WhenIfeelhappy,anenergetictunemakesitevenbetter;whenI’mdeepinsorrow,apeacefultunewashesitaway,whenI’mwalkingonair,feelingespeciallypleasedwithmyachievements,solemn(庄严的)tunescalmmedown.Gradually,ithasbecomeapartofmylife.Myviolin,shallIcompareyoutoasummer’sday?1、Whatfurthercontributedtotheauthor'sdislikeofviolin-playing?A．Ordersfrommum. B．Boredomofpractice.C．Lossofpassionforviolin. D．Disappointmentintheteacher’seyes.2、WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A．Theauthor’sfeelingwascontinuouslyinfluencedbythemusic.B．Theweatheractuallychangedbecauseofthetune.C．Thesuddenchangemadetheauthor'sheartunabletobeat.D．Thesceneryoutsidetheroomwasquiteattractive.3、Whydidtheauthorpickuptheviolinagain?A．Theinvisiblehammerandclawaregone.B．Thebeautifulimaginationchangedhisattitude.C．Afamoustunearousedhisinterestandpassion.D．HewascrazyaboutFelixMendelssohn’sworks.4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Deeploveformusic. B．Mydislikeandlikeofviolin.C．Aninspiringstoryofviolin. D．Musicalsoulmate—violin.25．（10分）DryIceisauniquesubstancewhichhasmanyuses.Essentially,dryiceisfrozenCO2.ThefirstreportofwhatwenowcalldryicecamefromtheFrenchchemistCharlesThilorierin1834.In1924,theDryleeCorporationofAmericanamedthesolidformofCO2as"DryIce",whichiswhatitispopularlycalledtoday.Atnormalatmosphericpressure,CO2changesdirectlyfromsolidtogas.Itskipstheliquidphase（阶段）whichmakesregularicewet.FrozenCO2isalsomuchcolderthanregularice.Butregularicefreezesat32degreesFahrenheit,CO2changesfromgastosolidat-109.3degreesFahrenheit.Thisextremelycoldtemperaturemakesitverydangeroustohandlewithbarehands.Itcancausefrostbiteinaveryshortperiodoftime.Dryicehasbeenusedforavarietyofpurposesthroughoutthepastcentury.Itsprimaryuseistorefrigeratefoodwhenelectricalrefrigerationisn'tavailable.Throughtheprocessofsublimation(whenCO2changesfromsolidtogas),itcanmaintaincoldfoodforalongtime.Ifyou'veeverbeentoaplayandseenheavyfogontheground,itislikelythatyouhaveseendryiceinaction.ThiseffectcanbeachievedbecauseCO2isheavierthanair,soevaporated（挥发的）CO2willsinkandaccumulateontheground.Anotherinterestinguseforthissubstanceistobait（诱杀）insectslikemosquitoes.TheseinsectshavesensorswhichguidethemtoCO2.TheyfindthehighconcentrationofCO2indryicequiteattractive.Marshaslongbeenamysteryforhumanbeings.WehavebeenlookingforevidenceoflifeonMars.Inthe1960sscientistsguessedthatthepolaricecapofMarswasmadeoffrozenCO2.MorerecentobservationshaveshownthatwhilethetopmostlayerconsistsoffrozenCO2,themostofitisprobablyregularfrozenwater.1、FrozenCO2getsitsnameof"DryIce"mainlybecauseA．itisveryeasytomakeitdryB．wecan'tmeltitanditdoesn'tgetwetC．itlookslikeiceatalowtemperatureD．itissolidlikeiceat-109.3degreesFahrenheit2、Theunderlinedword"frostbite"inthesecondparagraphprobablymeansA．theshakescausedbycoldB．damagecausedbyfreezingC．afevercausedbybeingcoldD．asharppaincausedbybums3、Accordingtothepassage,dryicecanbeusedtoA．freezemostoffoodinthenextcenturyB．increasetheproductionoffarmingC．makeavividfogeffectonstagesD．helptoimprovetheenvironment4、Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A．DryiceonMarsisnearthepolar.B．NotmuchdryicehasbeenfoundonMars.C．ThepolaricecapofMarsisunique.D．NofrozenCO,onMarscanbemelt.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Jaycebegannoticingwhenhewasinkindergartenthathelookeddifferentfromhisclassmates.Theyhadtwoarms.Hehadone.Itstartedwhenoneboy1him,saidhismother,Lewis.He’dreturntohishomewithquestions:“WhyamI2?Whyme?HismotherrecalledhewasactuallymadatGodformakinghimthatwayandthatitwasaheavy3tohisheart.Lewis4shedidn’tknowwhattodoatthatpoint.Afewweekslater,LewisturnedontheTVtoanewsstoryaboutaneighthgrader,Trashaun,becominganInternethitafter5videosofhisslamdunks(灌篮),and,likeJayce,he6mostofhisleftarm.LewiscalledJaycein.Tohersurprise,Jaycewasimmediately7.Atthetime,itseemedthatwatchingTrashaunwas8aninspiringmomentforJayce—hesawarolemodelwithasimilar9.Ifithadstayedjustthat,Lewiswouldhavebeenhappyenough.Butlittledidsheknowthatafamilyfriendhadalready10tothenewspapertohelpsetupa11withTrashauntobuildJayce’sconfidence.Theboysmetandinstantly12witheachotherasbothofthemwereinthesamecondition.Theyrodebikes,tookphotos,andshotbasketballonthecourt.Insteadofspendingthewholedayfeeling13forthemselves,theyhadalotoffun.However,Trashaundidget14withJaycesometimes.Theytalkedabouthisleftarm.HetoldJaycehewasperfectthewayGodmadehim.Healsotoldhimnottoletanyone15himandnottoletthosewordsshakehis16.Sincethatmeeting,Lewishasseenanoticeable17inherson.AsforTrashaun,hisrelationshipwithJaycemadehim18tohelpmorekids.“Honestly,it19alottoknowthatIchangedJayce’slife,”Trashaunsays.Still,heneverdreamedthathis20wouldhavesuchanimpact.“Ijustthoughtmyfriendswouldseethem,andbelike,‘Oh,hedunkedit!’”Hecertainlydid.1、A．supported B．teased C．cheated D．pleased2、A．lonely B．silly C．different D．ordinary3、A．duty B．breath C．debt D．blow4、A．argued B．promised C．suspected D．admitted5、A．downloading B．posting C．buying D．watching6、A．lost B．hurt C．used D．recovered7、A．satisfied B．confused C．bored D．attracted8、A．hardly B．simply C．still D．never9、A．response B．family C．problem D．education10、A．reachedout B．lookedout C．gotout D．turnedout11、A．game B．fighting C．trap D．meeting12、A．bonded B．competed C．parted D．raced13、A．happy B．grateful C．sorry D．fearful14、A．angry B．serious C．tough D．familiar15、A．approach B．comfort C．discourage D．leave16、A．confidence B．patience C．sadness D．honesty17、A．advantage B．scar C．drawback D．change18、A．expect B．agree C．hesitate D．refuse19、A．cares B．means C．saves D．takes20、A．attitudes B．words C．videos D．disabilities第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Itisinterestingtolookatdifferencesbetweenschoolsindifferentcountries.InmanyEuropeancountries,forexample,therelationshipbetweenteachersandstudents1．(be)quiteformal.ThisistrueofFrance,Germany,andSpain,2．(连词)disciplineandrespectfortheteacherisconsideredveryimportant.Thesameistrue3．(介词)Russia.In4．(north)Europeancountries,however,therelationshipbetweenteachersandstudentismuch5．(friendly)andmorerelaxed.InAmerica,studentsandteachersarequiterelaxedwitheachother.InBritain,relationshipsarequiterelaxed,butteacherscanhavebigproblemswithdiscipline.Anotherimportantdifferenceiswhetherschoolsarestatesschools6．(连词)privateschools.Stateschools7．(pay)forbythegovernment,butinprivateschools,theparentspayforeducationoftheirchildren.GermanyandFrancehavebothstateandprivateschools,butmoststudentsgotostateschools,8．(连词)areverygood.9．(similar),Americahasbothstateandprivateschools.MostAmericanchildrengotostateschools,buttheprivateschoolscanbeverygoodand10．(go)toprivateschoolsisveryexpensive.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）文中共有10处语言错误，每句中城多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Livingwithoutanaimislikesailingwithoutcompass.Ifthereisnoaim,wewillgetlose.Lastterm,Icouldn’tacceptthetruthwhichIfailedinmymathexamination.Idecidedtogiveitup,soIskippedfromclassesfrequently.Consideredmycase,myteacherofferedmeseveraldetailedapproachandadvisedmetosetashort-termgoaltoimprovemymath.Finally,Iworkharderthaneverandmadegreatprogressinhermath.Inmyopinion,successliesinaseriesofgoals.However,weshouldremembertomakeourtargetsclearlyandtryourbesttorealizeourdreams.第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．（25分）近来，共享单车(sharedbikes)成为中国时尚，它因方便、环保而广受好评，然而共享单车也出现了许多弊病，例如乱停放、人为破坏、非法占有等。假如你是光明中学的学生李华，请你将有关