《英美文学第一讲》课件

Warm-upquestionsforyou:Fillintheblanks:themostfamous6wordsofShakespeare:___J.K.Lowlingisprobablytherichestwomanwriterintheworld,becauseshecreatedalovelyboy____inherbook.IfyouranintotheservantofRobinsonCrusoe,Whatnamedoyoucallhim?1hWarm-upquestionsforyou:1hWarm-upquestionsforyouthefollowingfamoussayingmightcomefromwhomandhisworks1.Frailty,thynameiswoman!2.Ifthewintercomes,canspringbefarbehind?3.Eyeforeye,toothfortooth,handforhand,footforfoot.2hWarm-upquestionsforyouthefQuestions:1.whatisliterature?

2.Whydowereadliterature?

(whatcanwebenefitfromlliterature?)3hQuestions:3hPossibleanswers:

1.Literaturereferstothepracticeandprofessionofwriting.Itcomesfromhumaninterestintellingastory,inarrangingwordsinartisticforms,indescribinginwordssomeaspectsofhumanexperiences.

4hPossibleanswers:

1.LiteraturFourGenresofLiterature–FictionMyths,romances,novels,shortstories–Poetry–Drama

–ProseNewsreports,featurearticles,essays,editorials,textbooks,historicalandbiographicalworks5hFourGenresofLiterature–FicWhydowereadliterature?1.readingforpleasureandentertainment(theartisticaspectofliterature)2.readingforrelaxation3.readingtoacquireknowledge(thepracticalaspectofliterature)toinstructreaderstoleadamorebalanced,meaningfullife(thevalueofliterature)6hWhydowereadliterature?1.reTheadvantagesoflearningliteratureEnlargeourvocabularyTurnusintogoodreaders(readfaster)DevelopourcreativeandindependentthinkingKnowsomeknowledgeofliterature7hTheadvantagesoflearninglitHowshouldwestudyliterature1.Understandthehistoricalbackground2.Knowsth.Aboutauthor(hisfamily,hiseducationbackground,hisworks,hislifeexperience)3.Readandanalyzetheworkitself(themainideaofthestory,themes,charactersanalysis,artfeatures)8hHowshouldwestudyliteratureYourgradeforthecoursewillbecomposedof4parts:Part1.yourperformanceinteamwork20%Part2.yourperformanceinclassattendance10%part3.youressay-writing20%Part4.finalexam50%9hYourgradeforthecoursewillyourtasksthistermTeamworkCooperationandparticipationinclassandafterclassUsefulwebsitesWikipedia维基百科10hyourtasksthistermTeamworkChapter1oldEnglishliterature

theAnglo-Saxonperiod(449-1066)11hChapter1oldEnglishliteraturChapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriod1.historicalbackground

Threeconquests:Romanconquestin43AD;Anglo-Saxonconquestin449;Normanconquestin1066

12hChapter1

Chapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriodoldenglishliterature(450-1066)43AD,RomanconqueredBritain,makingthelatteraprovinceofRomanEmpire;thewithdrawalofRomantroops,theTeutonictribes,esp.,theAnglosconqueredtheislandandcalleditAngle-land,thenEngland,theirlanguageisAnglo-SaxonoldEnglish.Intheancienttimes,therewerethreetribescalledAngles,SaxonsandJutesinthenorthernEurope.Inthe5thcentury,theyconqueredBritainandsettleddownthere.Bythe7thcentury,thesesmallkingdomswerecombinedintoaunitedkingdomcalledEngland.ThishistoricalperiodisknownastheAnglo-Saxonperiod.ThelanguagespokenbythepeopleinthisperiodiscalledOldEnglish.13hChapter1

theChapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriod2.oldEnglishliterature(450-1066)TherearetwokindsofEnglishpoetryinAnglo-Saxonperiod:secularpoetryandreligiouspoetry.

secularpoetryisrepresentedbyBeowulf

The14hChapter1

theChapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriod

3.BeowulfNationalepicoftheEnglishpeopleThepoemof3182linesdescribesthedeedsoftheTeutonicheroBeowulf.3.1epic3.2thestoryandthetheme3.3thecharacteristicsofBeowulf3.4thefilm

15hChapter1

theolChapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriod3.1whatisanepic?Anepicisalongnarrativepoemtellingaboutthedeedsofagreatheroandreflectingthevaluesofthesocietyfromwhichitoriginated.返回16hChapter1

theoldChapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriod3.2thestoryandthethemefightwithGrendelfightwithGrendel’smotherfightwithfiredrakedeathandfuneralThepoempresentsavividpictureofhowtheprimitivepeoplewageheroicstrugglesagainstthehostileforcesofthenaturalworldunderawiseandmightyleader.Thepoemisanexampleoftheminglingofthenaturemythsandheroiclegends.返回17hChapter1

theChapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriod3.3alliterationItsrhythmdependsuponaccentandalliteration.Thatis,thebeginningoftwoormorewordsinthesamelinewiththesamesoundorletter.butamusicaleffectisproduced.somewordsinthesamelineusuallybeginwiththesamesoundorletter.返回18hChapter1

theolChapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriodThemediealperiodofEnglishliterature(1066-14thcentury)1.GeoffreyChaucer2.Popularfolkliterature3.Romance19hChapter1

theChapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriod1.GeoffreyChaucerhislife

borninawinemerchantfamily,pagetoElizabethhehadbroadandintimateacquaintancewithpersonshighandlowinallwalksoflifeandknewwellthewholesociallifeofhistime.20hChapter1

theoldandmedieChapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriod2.TheCanterburyTalesOnespringday,thepoetisintheTabardInninSouthwarkatthesouthendofLondonBridge.HejoinstheotherpilgrimsboundforCanterbury.Thehostoftheinnsuggeststhattheytellstoriestokilltimeduringthejourney.Allagree.Thehostactsasthejudge.Eachistotelltwostorieswhilegoingandtwowhilereturning.Thereare30peopleinthecompany,whichmeantthattherewouldbealotofstories,butactuallyonly24werewritten.21hChapter1

theoldandmedievTheCanterburyTalesPrologue:introductorypartofapoem,beginningofaplay开场白，引子，4月的一天，一群香客去坎特伯雷朝圣，投宿在泰巴旅店。次日，店主、香客与在此住宿的作者一起出发。店主提议在去坎特伯雷的路上每人讲两个故事，回来时再讲两个，被大家公认为最佳的讲故事者可以在回来时白吃一顿丰盛的晚餐。乔叟只完成计划中120个故事中的24个(包括两个未完成的)，其中22个为诗体，两个散文体。每个故事前均有开场语，全书有一个总序。作者用这种方式把各个零散故事连成一体。

22hTheCanterburyTalesPrologue:TheCanterburyTalesIt’sapoem,prologuewasregardedasthemostimportantpartofthepoem.Itcontainsagroupofvividmedievalfigures.ThepilgrimsportrayalrepresentallclassesofEnglishfeudalsocietyexcepttheveryhighestclass,thekingandthelowest,theverypoor,laboringfolk.Thedescriptionsofpilgrimsonebyonerevealnotonlyappearance,profession,theirwaysoflifeanddiversetastesandhumors.Eachofthenarratorstellshistaleinapeculiarmanner,thusrevealinghisownviewsandcharacter.Thegreatnessofcanterburytalesalsoliesinchaucer’shumorandsatire.

23hTheCanterburyTalesIt’sapoeTheCanterburyTalesThebookpresentedforthefirsttimeinEnglishliterature,acomprehensiverealisticpictureofthemedievalEnglishsocietylifeandcreatedmanyvividcharactersfromallworksoflife.乔叟第一次展示了表现当时英国社会的一幅综合性的，现实主义的画卷。坎特伯雷故事集塑造了一系列来自社会各阶层生动形象的人物。24hTheCanterburyTalesThebookpCanterburytales一、它展现了广阔的社会画面。香客来自社会各个阶层：骑士、僧侣、学者、律师、商人、手工业者、自耕农、磨坊主等。二、它综合采用了中世纪的各种文学体裁，有骑士传奇、圣徒传、布道文、寓言等。三、总序和开场白中对人物的描写和故事本身饶有趣味，充满幽默感。四、语言带上了讲述人自身的特征，每人所讲的故事都体现出讲述人的身份、趣味、爱好、职业和生活经验。25hCanterburytales一、它展现了广阔的社会画面Chaucer’scontributionstoEnglishLiteratureandLanguagea.amasterofrealismb.founderofEnglishliterarylanguagec.Chaucer’sEnglish:Londondialectd.FatherofEnglishpoetry:heroiccouplet(Theheroiccoupletisaniambicpentameterheavingthelinesrhyminginpairs.e.thefirstoccupantofthePoets’Corner

26hChaucer’scontributionstoEngFolkballads(民谣)Balladsarestorytoldinsong,usuallyin4-linestanzas,withthe2ndand4thlinerhymed.TheycomefromEnglishpeopleratherthanpoets.FolkballadsaremadefortheupperclassesorcommonpeopleinEngland?27hFolkballads(民谣)BalladsarestromanceThemostprevailingkindofliteratureinfeudalEnglandisromance.Itwasalongcomposition,sometimesinverse,sometimesinprose,describingthelifeandadventuresofanoblehero.28hromanceThemostprevailingkinWarm-upquestionsforyou:Fillintheblanks:themostfamous6wordsofShakespeare:___J.K.Lowlingisprobablytherichestwomanwriterintheworld,becauseshecreatedalovelyboy____inherbook.IfyouranintotheservantofRobinsonCrusoe,Whatnamedoyoucallhim?29hWarm-upquestionsforyou:1hWarm-upquestionsforyouthefollowingfamoussayingmightcomefromwhomandhisworks1.Frailty,thynameiswoman!2.Ifthewintercomes,canspringbefarbehind?3.Eyeforeye,toothfortooth,handforhand,footforfoot.30hWarm-upquestionsforyouthefQuestions:1.whatisliterature?

2.Whydowereadliterature?

(whatcanwebenefitfromlliterature?)31hQuestions:3hPossibleanswers:

1.Literaturereferstothepracticeandprofessionofwriting.Itcomesfromhumaninterestintellingastory,inarrangingwordsinartisticforms,indescribinginwordssomeaspectsofhumanexperiences.

32hPossibleanswers:

1.LiteraturFourGenresofLiterature–FictionMyths,romances,novels,shortstories–Poetry–Drama

–ProseNewsreports,featurearticles,essays,editorials,textbooks,historicalandbiographicalworks33hFourGenresofLiterature–FicWhydowereadliterature?1.readingforpleasureandentertainment(theartisticaspectofliterature)2.readingforrelaxation3.readingtoacquireknowledge(thepracticalaspectofliterature)toinstructreaderstoleadamorebalanced,meaningfullife(thevalueofliterature)34hWhydowereadliterature?1.reTheadvantagesoflearningliteratureEnlargeourvocabularyTurnusintogoodreaders(readfaster)DevelopourcreativeandindependentthinkingKnowsomeknowledgeofliterature35hTheadvantagesoflearninglitHowshouldwestudyliterature1.Understandthehistoricalbackground2.Knowsth.Aboutauthor(hisfamily,hiseducationbackground,hisworks,hislifeexperience)3.Readandanalyzetheworkitself(themainideaofthestory,themes,charactersanalysis,artfeatures)36hHowshouldwestudyliteratureYourgradeforthecoursewillbecomposedof4parts:Part1.yourperformanceinteamwork20%Part2.yourperformanceinclassattendance10%part3.youressay-writing20%Part4.finalexam50%37hYourgradeforthecoursewillyourtasksthistermTeamworkCooperationandparticipationinclassandafterclassUsefulwebsitesWikipedia维基百科38hyourtasksthistermTeamworkChapter1oldEnglishliterature

theAnglo-Saxonperiod(449-1066)39hChapter1oldEnglishliteraturChapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriod1.historicalbackground

Threeconquests:Romanconquestin43AD;Anglo-Saxonconquestin449;Normanconquestin1066

40hChapter1

Chapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriodoldenglishliterature(450-1066)43AD,RomanconqueredBritain,makingthelatteraprovinceofRomanEmpire;thewithdrawalofRomantroops,theTeutonictribes,esp.,theAnglosconqueredtheislandandcalleditAngle-land,thenEngland,theirlanguageisAnglo-SaxonoldEnglish.Intheancienttimes,therewerethreetribescalledAngles,SaxonsandJutesinthenorthernEurope.Inthe5thcentury,theyconqueredBritainandsettleddownthere.Bythe7thcentury,thesesmallkingdomswerecombinedintoaunitedkingdomcalledEngland.ThishistoricalperiodisknownastheAnglo-Saxonperiod.ThelanguagespokenbythepeopleinthisperiodiscalledOldEnglish.41hChapter1

theChapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriod2.oldEnglishliterature(450-1066)TherearetwokindsofEnglishpoetryinAnglo-Saxonperiod:secularpoetryandreligiouspoetry.

secularpoetryisrepresentedbyBeowulf

The42hChapter1

theChapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriod

3.BeowulfNationalepicoftheEnglishpeopleThepoemof3182linesdescribesthedeedsoftheTeutonicheroBeowulf.3.1epic3.2thestoryandthetheme3.3thecharacteristicsofBeowulf3.4thefilm

43hChapter1

theolChapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriod3.1whatisanepic?Anepicisalongnarrativepoemtellingaboutthedeedsofagreatheroandreflectingthevaluesofthesocietyfromwhichitoriginated.返回44hChapter1

theoldChapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriod3.2thestoryandthethemefightwithGrendelfightwithGrendel’smotherfightwithfiredrakedeathandfuneralThepoempresentsavividpictureofhowtheprimitivepeoplewageheroicstrugglesagainstthehostileforcesofthenaturalworldunderawiseandmightyleader.Thepoemisanexampleoftheminglingofthenaturemythsandheroiclegends.返回45hChapter1

theChapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriod3.3alliterationItsrhythmdependsuponaccentandalliteration.Thatis,thebeginningoftwoormorewordsinthesamelinewiththesamesoundorletter.butamusicaleffectisproduced.somewordsinthesamelineusuallybeginwiththesamesoundorletter.返回46hChapter1

theolChapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriodThemediealperiodofEnglishliterature(1066-14thcentury)1.GeoffreyChaucer2.Popularfolkliterature3.Romance47hChapter1

theChapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriod1.GeoffreyChaucerhislife

borninawinemerchantfamily,pagetoElizabethhehadbroadandintimateacquaintancewithpersonshighandlowinallwalksoflifeandknewwellthewholesociallifeofhistime.48hChapter1

theoldandmedieChapter1

theoldandmedievalPeriod2.TheCanterburyTalesOnespringday,thepoetisintheTabardInninSouthwarkatthesouthendofLondonBridge.HejoinstheotherpilgrimsboundforCanterbury.Thehostoftheinnsuggeststhattheytellstoriestokilltimeduringthejourney.Allagree.Thehostactsasthejudge.Eachistotelltwostorieswhilegoingandtwowhilereturning.Thereare30peopleinthecompany,whichmeantthattherewouldbealotofstories,butactuallyonly24werewritten.49hChapter1

theoldandmedievTheCanterburyTalesPrologue:introductorypartofapoem,beginningofaplay开场白，引子，4月的一天，一群香客去坎特伯雷朝圣，投宿在泰巴旅店。次日，店主、香客与在此住宿的作者一起出发。店主提议在去坎特伯雷的路上每人讲两个故事，回来时再讲两个，被大家公认为最佳的讲故事者可以在回来时白吃一顿丰盛的晚餐。乔叟只完成计划中120个故事中的24个(包括两个未完成的)，其中22个为诗体，两个散文体。每个故事前均有开场语，全书有一个总序。作者用这种方式把各个零散故事连成一体。

50hTheCanterburyTalesPrologue:TheCanterburyTalesIt’sapoem,prologuewasregardedasthemostimportantpartofthepoem.Itcontainsagroupofvividmedievalfigures.ThepilgrimsportrayalrepresentallclassesofEnglishfeudalsocietyexcepttheveryhighestclass,thekingandthelowest,theverypoor,laboringfolk.The