届高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解《附详析》 优秀奖 名师获奖

2022届高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解（41-45）《附详析》(第41篇)AyearagoAugust,DaveFusslosthisjobdrivingatruckforasmallcompanyinwestMichigan.Hiswife,Gerrie,wasstillworkinginthelocalschoolcafeteria,butworkforDavewasscarce,andthepriceofeverythingwasrising.TheFusseswereatriskofjoiningthemillionsofAmericanswhohavelosttheirhomesinrecentyears.ThenDaveandGerriereceivedatimelygift—$7,000,alegacy(遗产)fromtheirneighborsIshandArleneHatch,whodiedinanaccident.“Itreallymadeadifferencewhenweweregoingunderfinancially，”saysDave.ButtheFussesweren’ttheonlyfolksinAltoandtheneighboringtownofLowelltoreceiveunexpectedlegacyfromtheHatches.DozensofotherfamiliesweretouchedbytheHatches’generosity.Insomecases,itwasafewthousanddollars;inothers,itwasmorethan$100,000.ItsurprisednearlyeveryonethattheHatcheshadsomuchmoney,morethan$3million—theywereanelderlycouplewholivedinanoldhouseonwhatwasleftofthefamilyfarm.ChildrenoftheGreatDepression,IshandArlenewereknownfortheirhabitofsaving.Theythrivedon(喜欢)comparisonshoppingandwouldroutinelygofromstoretostore，checkingpricesbeforemakinganewpurchase.Throughtheyears,theHatchespaidforlocalchildrentoattendsummercampwhentheirparentscouldn’taffordit.“IshandArleneneveraskedifyouneededanything，”saystheirfriendSandyVanWeelden,“Theycouldseethingstheycoulddotomakeyouhappier,andtheywoulddothem.”EvenmoreextraordinarywasthattheHatcheshadtheirfarmlanddistributed.ItwastheHatches’wishthattheirlegacy—alegacyofkindnessasmuchasoneofdollarsandcents—shouldenrichthewholecommunity(社区)andlastforgenerationstocome.Neighborshelpingneighbors—thatwasIshandArleneHatch’sstory.[语篇解读]本文主要介绍了一对关心邻里、无私奉献的夫妻。他们把自己的财产留给需要的人，强调人人互助，世界就会更美好。1．Accordingtothetext,theFusses________.A.wereemployedbyatruckcompanyB.wereinfinancialdifficultyC.workedinaschoolcafeteriaD.losttheirhome[解析]事实细节题。从第一段前三句话可以看出，Fuss夫妇现在正处于经济困境中，所以B为正确答案。A、C项与文中有关细节不符，D项在文中没有信息支持。[答案]B2．WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheHatches?A.TheyhadtheirchildrenduringtheGreatDepression.B.Theyleftthefamilyfarmtoliveinanoldhouse.C.Theygaveawaytheirpossessionstotheirneighbors.D.Theyhelpedtheirneighborstofindjobs.[解析]事实细节题。第四段第一句话说Hatch夫妇是在大萧条时期出生的，而不是他们在大萧条时期有了孩子，排除A；第三段提到他们的老房子位于他们家的农场里，B错误；第二段提到他们帮助有困难的邻居们，但并未提及帮他们找工作，D错误。C项说他们把自己的财产捐赠给邻居，符合文意，故答案为C。[答案]C3．WhywouldtheHatchesroutinelygofromstoretostore?A.Theydecidedtoopenastore.B.Theywantedtosavemoney.C.Theycouldn’taffordexpensivethings.D.Theywantedtobuygiftsforlocalkids.[解析]推理判断题。第四段提到他们有节约的习惯，买东西之前喜欢一个商店一个商店地比较价格，显然是为了省钱，故答案为B。A，他们决定开个商店；C，他们买不起贵的东西；D，他们想给当地的孩子买礼物，都明显与文意不符。[答案]B4．AccordingtoSandyVanWeelden,theHatcheswere________.A.understandingB.optimisticC.childlike D.curious[解析]推理判断题。从文章第五段SandyVanWeelden的话中可知，theHatches从来不问你需要什么，而是能够发现你需要的东西，然后就来帮助你，这说明他们非常善解人意，故答案为A。B表示乐观的；C表示孩子气的，天真烂漫的；D表示好奇的，明显不符合文意。[答案]A5．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.ThecommunityofAltowaspoor.B.Thesummercampwasattractivetotheparents.C.SandyVanWeeldengotalegacyfromtheHatches.D.TheHatcheswouldliketheneighborstofollowtheirexample.[解析]推理判断题。A项错在这个地区很贫困，文章只是说这里有经济困难的人，并不是说这里是一个贫困地区；B项错在parents上；C项说SandyVanWeelden得到了Hatches夫妇的一份遗产，文章只是提到他对他们的评价，并未说他得到遗产之事；从文章倒数第二段第二句话以及最后一段可以看出，Hatches夫妇的愿望就是他们的遗产能够为社区以及子孙后代造福，邻里之间能够互相帮助，故答案为D。[答案]D(第42篇)BParttimeFrontDeskPositionKirchoff,Inc.,abookdevelopmentcompany,islookingforaparttimefrontdeskofficeworker.Thispositionisperfectforapersonwhoischeerful,dependable，andpleasanttoworkwith.Also,youshouldbeabletowelcomeguests,redirectphonecalls,andtakemessages.Moreimportantly,youcanstaycoolunderpressure.Youareexpectedtowork5∶006∶00pmweekdays.Youneedtofillinsomeformsifyouareinterested.FormscanbecollectedatKirchoff,Inc.866UnitedNationsNewYork，NY10017ImportantPointstoRememberWhenSwimming·Waitatleastanhouraftermeals.·Followtheadviceoflifeguards.·Don’tdiveintounknownwaters.Alwaysswiminlinewiththeshore.·Findoutattheseasidewhenandwhereitissafetoswim.·Don’tusefloatingtoysonthewater.Windcaneasilysweepthemouttosea.·Getoutofthewaterifyoufeeltiredorcold.Coldcankillevenstrongswimmers.HelpTelephone:2125435902AtlanticCityArriveontime.Introduceyourselfinapolitemanner.Readcompanymaterialswhileyouwait.Haveafirmhandshake.Listen.Usebodylanguagetoshowinterest.Smileandnodtotheinterviewer.Askaboutthenextthingyoushoulddo.Thanktheinterviewer.Writeathankyoulettertoanyoneyouhavespokento.Formoreinformation,pleasevisit368CooperSquare，NewYork.NY100086.Ifyouwanttoworkinanoffice,wherecanyougettheformstofillin?A.WB.AtlanticCityC.368CooperSquare,D.866UnitednationsPlaza,#525，NewYork，NY10017.[解析]细节理解题。根据第一部分“islookingforaparttimefrontdeskofficeworker.”可知答案。[答案]D7.Whatdoesapersonneedmosttobefitfortheonehourweekdayjob?A.Heshouldbecheerful，dependable，andeasygoing.B.HehastoworkfromMondaytoFriday.C.Hecanremaincalminadifficultsituation.D.Hecanwelcomeguestsanddealwithphonecalls.[解析]推理判断题。由第一部分中间“Moreimportantly，youcanstaycoolunderpressure.”可以推断出在有压力的情况下，需要保持冷静。[答案]C8.Accordingtotheaboveinformation，whatistherightthingtodowhenyouswim?A.Tokeepclosetothebeach.B.Todiveintounknownwaters.C.Tousefloatingtoysonthewater.D.Toswimsoonafterlunch.[解析]细节理解题。由文中第二部分“Findoutattheseasidewhenandwhereitissafetoswim.”可知道答案。[答案]A9.Thebesttitleforthelastpieceofinformationwouldbe________.A.TipsonShowingInterestinaJobB.StepstoaSuccessfulInterviewC.AdviceonIntroducingYourselfPolitelyD.RulesofBodyLanguageinanInterview[解析]主旨大意题。根据文中最后一部分的“Smileandnodtotheinterviewer.”以及“Thanktheinterviewer。”可以判断出这一部分是关于如何面试成功的建议。[答案]B(第43篇)WhenwomensittogethertowatchamovieonTV,theyusuallytalksimultaneously(同时地)aboutavarietyofsubjects,includingchildren,men,careersandwhat’shappeningintheirlives.Whengroupsofmenandwomenwatchamovietogether,themenusuallyenduptellingthewomentoshutcaneithertalkorwatchthescreen—theycan’tdoboth—andtheydon’tunderstandthatwomencan.Besides,womenconsiderthatthepointofallgettingtogetheristohaveagoodtimeanddeveloprelationships—notjusttosittherelikecouchpotatoesstaringatthescreen.Duringtheadbreaks,amanoftenasksawomantoexplaintheplotandtellhimwheretherelationshipbetweenthecharactersisgoing.Heisunable,unlikewomen,toreadthesubtlebodylanguagesignalsthatrevealhowthecharactersarefeelingemotionally.Sincewomenoriginallyspenttheirdayswiththeotherwomenandchildreninthegroup,theydevelopedtheabilitytocommunicatesuccessfullyinordertomaintainrelationships.Forawoman,speechcontinuestohavesuchaclearpurpose:tobuildrelationshipsandmakefriends.Formen,totalkistorelatethefacts.Menseethetelephoneasacommunicationtoolforsendingfactsandinformationtootherpeople,butawomanseesitasameansofbonding.Awomancanspendtwoweeksonvacationwithhergirlfriendand,whenshereturnshome,telephonethesamegirlfriendandtalkforanothertwohours.Thereisnoconvincingevidencethatsocialconditioning,thefactthatgirls’motherstalkedtothemmore,isthereasonwhygirlstalkmorethanboys.PsychiatristDrMichaelLewis,authorofSocialBehaviourandLanguageAcquisition,conductedexperimentsthatfoundmotherstalkedto,andlookedat,babygirlsmoreoftenthanbabyboys.Scientificevidenceshowsparentsrespondtothebrainbiasoftheirchildren.Sinceagirl’sbrainisbetterorganizedtosendandreceivespeech,wethereforetalktothemmore.Consequently,motherswhotrytotalktotheirsonsareusuallydisappointedtoreceiveonlyshortgruntsinreply.[语篇解读]女人在一起总是有说不完的话，甚至能一边看电影一边聊，男人却做不到，这是为什么？因为她们认为感情联络很重要，而且她们的大脑在这方面有着特殊功能。1．WhilewatchingTVwithothers,womenusuallytalkalotbecausethey________.A.areafraidofawkwardsilencewiththeirfamiliesandfriendsB.canbothtalkandwatchthescreenatthesametimeC.thinktheycanhaveagoodtimeanddeveloprelationshipsD.havetoexplaintheplotandbodylanguagetotheirhusbands[解析]考查细节理解。根据文章第一段的最后一句可知妇女们聚在一起总有说不完的话是因为她们认为在一起就要玩得愉快，同时加深关系。[答案]C2．Afteravacationwithhergirlfriend,awomanwouldtalktoheragainonthephoneforhoursinorderto________.A.experiencethehappytimeagainB.keepaclosetiewithherC.recommendheranewscenicspotD.remindherofsomethingforgotten[解析]考查细节理解。根据文章的第三段中的awomanseesitasameansofbonding可知，女人度假回来会给朋友打电话长聊是因为她们把电话看做维系关系的纽带。[答案]B3．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusmost?A.Women’sbrainsarebetterorganizedforlanguageandcommunication.B.Womenlovetotalkbecausetheyaremoresociablethanmen.C.Mendonotliketalkingbecausetheyrelymoreonfacts.D.Socialconditioningisnotthereasonwhywomenlovetalking.[解析]考查写作意图。根据文章最后一段中的“Sinceagirl’sbrainisbetterorganizedtosendandreceivespeech”一句可知，作者最想让读者知道的就是她们能滔滔不绝的原因是她们的大脑在交流当中更善于处理信息。[答案]C4．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WomenAreSociallyTrainedtoTalkB.TalkingMaintainsRelationshipsC.WomenLovetoTalkD.MenTalkDifferentlyfromWomen[解析]考查标题归纳。本文是围绕女人喜欢讲话这个话题来展开的，因此C项为最佳标题。[答案]C(第44篇)WhenIwasachild,IoftendreamedofthetimewhenIcouldleavehomeandescapetothecity.Welivedonafarmand，inthewinterespecially,wewerequitecutofffromtheoutsideworld.AssoonasIleftschool,Ipackedmybagsandmovedtothecapital.However,Isoondiscoveredthatcitylifehasitsproblemstoo.Onebigdisadvantageismoney—itcostssomuchtogoout，nottomentionbasicslikefoodandhousing.Anotherdisadvantageispollution.Isufferfromasthma(哮喘),andattimestheairissobadthatIamafraidtogooutside.Thenthereistheproblemoftravelinground.AlthoughIhaveacar,Iseldomuseitbecauseofthetrafficjams.Onechoiceistogobybicycle，butthatcanbequitedangerous.Ofcoursethereareadvantages.First,thereissomuchtodointhecity，whateveryourtastesincultureorentertainment(娱乐活动).Besides,therearewonderfuljobsandgreaterchancesofmovingtoamoreimportantjoborposition.Finally，ifyoulikeshopping,thevarietyofgoodsisverysurprising—and,whatismore,shopsareoftenonlyashortwalkaway.Islifebetterthen，inthecity?Perhapsitis，whenyouareinyourteens(十几岁)ortwenties.However,asyougetolder，andespeciallyifyouhavesmallchildren,thepeaceofthecountrysidemayseempreferable.Icertainlyhopetomovebacktheresoon.5.Whatwasthewriteralwaysthinkingaboutwhenhewasachild?A.Stayingonthefarm.B.Movingtothecountryside.C.Leavinghomeforthecity.D.Runningawayfromtheschool.[解析]细节理解题。由文章第一段第一句“WhenIwasachild，IoftendreamedofthetimewhenIcouldleavehomeandescapetothecity.”可知作者小时候的梦想是离开家去大城市。[答案]C6.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthewriter?A.Heisveryoldnow. B.Heisingoodhealth.C.Heprefersdrivingacar. D.Helivesinthecitynow.[解析]判断正误题。由文章最后一段“However，asyougetolder，andespeciallyifyouhavesmallchildren，thepeaceofthecountrysidemayseemcertainlyhopetomovebacktheresoon.”可以推出D选项正确。[答案]D7.Inthepassage,thewritertriesto________.A.expresshisopinionsaboutwayoflifeB.describehislifeinthecountrysideC.showaninterestintheoutsideworldD.persuadethereadertoliveinthecity[解析]推理判断题。通读全文不难判断，作者主要表达自己对生活方式的看法。[答案]A8.Howisthepassagemainlydeveloped?A.Byinferring. B.Bycomparing.C.Bylistingexamples. D.Bygivingexplanations.[解析]推理判断题。从第二、三段的首句可以判断，文章主要通过对比展开。[答案]B(第45篇)Iamawriter.Ispendagreatdealofmytimethinkingaboutthepoweroflanguage—thewayitcanevoke(唤起)anemotion,avisualimage,acomplexidea,orasimple.AndIusethemall—alltheEnglishesIgrewupwith.BornintoaChinesefamilythathadrecentlyarrivedinCalifornia,I’vebeengivingmorethoughttothekindofEnglishmymotherspeaks.Likeothers,Ihavedescribedittopeopleas“broken”English.ButIfeelembarrassedtosaythat.IthasalwaysbotheredmethatIcanthinkofnowaytodescribeitotherthan“broken”,asifitweredamagedandneededtobefixed,asifitlackedacertainwholeness.I’veheardothertermsused,“limitedEnglish”,forexample.Buttheyseemjustasbad,asifeverythingislimited,includingpeople’sperceptions(认识)ofthelimitedEnglishspeaker.Iknowthisforafact,becausewhenIwasgrowingup，mymother’s“limited”Englishlimitedmyperceptionofher.IwasashamedofherEnglish.IbelievedthatherEnglishreflectedthequalityofwhatshehadtosay.Thatis,becausesheexpressedthemimperfectlyherthoughtswereimperfect.AndIhadplentyofevidencetosupportme:thefactthatpeopleindepartmentstores,atbanks,andatrestaurantsdidnottakeherseriously,didnotgivehergoodservice,pretendednottounderstandher,orevenactedasiftheydidnothearher.Istartedwritingfictionin1985.AndforreasonsIwon’tgetintotoday,IbegantowritestoriesusingalltheEnglishesIgrewupwith:theEnglishsheusedwithme,whichforlackofabettertermmightbedescribedas“broken”；andwhatIimaginetobehertranslationofherChinese,herinternal(内在的)language,andforthatIsoughttopreservetheessence，butneitheranEnglishnoraChinesestructure.Iwantedtocatchwhatlanguageabilitytestscannevershow:herintention,herfeelings,therhy