维和考试英语

/16UNPOLCandidatesSelectionTestPartOne:ListeningComprehension(20minutes；20%)Directions:InsectionA,youwillhear10shortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeasked.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.YoumustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDasquicklyaspossible.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterproperlyontheanswersheet.InsectionB,youwillhear3shortpassages.Ateachendofthepassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassagesandquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.YoumustchoosethebestanswerofeachquestionfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDasquicklyaspossible.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterproperlyontheanswersheet.SectionAA)OnThursdaynight.OnMondaynight.OnFridaymorning.OnThursdaymorning.A)Trytohelphimfindroomsinanotherhotel.Checktoseeifthereareanyvacanciesinherhotel.Lethimmovetoaroomwithtwosinglebeds.ShowhimthewaytoImperialHotel.A)Robust.Brave.Generous.Dangerous.A)Heloveshispresentjob.Heisgoingtoopenastore.Heisabouttoretire.Heworksinarepairshop.A)Shehasconfidenceinhim.Shehasalsowonascholarship.Sheissurprisedatthenews.Sheisnotinterestedinthenews.A)Hisonlysonisdying.Hismotherdiedsometimeago.Hedidn'tlikeafterhissickwife.Hehasn'ttakengoodcareofhisson.A)Attheairport.Inatravelagency.Inahotel.Atthereceptiondesk.A)Heisnotequaltothejob.Heisnotwellpaidforhiswork.Hedoesn'tthinkthejobischallengingenough.Hecannotkeephismindonhiswork.A)Thetalkshaven'tstartedyet.Thetalkshaven'tachievedmuch.Thetalkshaveproducedageneralagreement.Thetalksbrokedownandcouldgonofurther.A)Helphimtocarrysomeluggage.Getsometravelinformation.Tellhimthewaytotheleft-luggageoffice.Lookaftersomethingforhim.SectionBPassageOneQuestions11to13arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Crowdedairtraffic.Thelargesizeofairplanes.Mistakesbyairtrafficcontrollers.Badweather.A)Theybumpedintoeachotheroveraswimmingpool.Theyavoidedeachotherbyturningindifferentdirections.Theynarrowlyescapedcrashingintoeachother.Oneplaneclimbedabovetheotheratthecriticalmoment.A)Toshowthekeyroleplayedbyairtrafficcontrollers.Toshowthegreatresponsibilityshoulderedbythepilots.Togiveanexampleofairdisasters.

toshowthatairtravelisfarsaferthandrivingacar.PassageTwoQuestions14to17arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.14.A)B)C)D)Heruniqueexperience.Herfutureprospects.Herfavoritejob.Herlonelylife.15.A)B)C)D)Authority.Agoodrelationship.Goodluck.Independence.16.A)B)C)D)Shewillliveanemptylife.Shewillworkinabookstore.Shewillremainsingle.Shewillearnalotofmoney.17.A)B)C)D)Sheshouldfindagoodjob.Sheshouldopenasmallrestaurant.Sheshouldhavemorecontroloverherlife.Sheshouldgetmarried.PassageThreeQuestions18to20arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.18.A)B)C)D)Inday-carecenterswherelittlechildrenweretakencareof.InareasinChicagopoorpeoplelived.Inplaceswherehotlunchwasprovidedforfactoryworkers.Inschoolswherefreeclasseswereorganizedforyoungpeople.19.A)B)C)D)Foryoungpeopleandadults.Forimmigrants.Forfactoryworks.Forpoorcitychildren.20.A)B)C)D)JaneAdams'contributionstosociety.JaneAdams'struggleforwomen'sliberation.JaneAdams'lifestory.JaneAdams'responsibilityforthepoor.PartTwo:ReadingComprehension(40minutes;20%)Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterproperlyontheanswersheet.Questions21-25arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Peoplecanbeaddictedtodifferentthings—e.g.,alcohol,drugs,certainfoods,oreventelevision.Peoplewhohavesuchanaddictionarecompulsive:theyhaveaverypowerfulpsychologicalneedthattheyfeeltheymustsatisfy.Accordingtopsychologists,manypeoplearecompulsivespenders.Theyfeelthattheymustspendmoney.Thiscompulsion,likemostothers,isirrational—impossibletoexplainreasonably.Forcompulsivespenderswhobuyoncredit,chargeaccountsareevenmoreexcitingthanmoney.Inotherwords,compulsivespendersfeelthatwithcredit,theycandoanything.Theirpleasureinspendingenormousamountsisactuallygreaterthanthepleasurethattheygetfromthethingstheybuy.Thereisevenaspecialpsychologyofbargainhunting.Tosavemoney,ofcourse,mostpeoplelookforsales,lowprices,anddiscounts.Compulsivebargainhunters,however,oftenbuythingsthattheydon'tneedjustbecausetheyarecheap.Theywanttobelievethattheyarehelpingtheirbudgets,buttheyarereallyplayinganexcitinggame.Whentheycanbuysomethingforlessthanotherpeople,theyfeelthattheyarewinning.Mostpeople,expertsclaim,havetworeasonsfortheirbehavior:agoodreasonforthethingsthattheydoandtherealreason.Itisnotonlyscientists,ofcourse,whounderstandthepsychologyofspendinghabits,butalsobusinesspeople.Stores,companies,andadvertisesusepsychologytoincreasebusiness.Theyconsiderpeople'sneedsforlove,power,orinfluence,theirbasicvalues,theirbeliefsandopinions,andsoonintheiradvertisingandsalesmethods.Psychologistsoftenuseamethodcalled“behaviortherapy”tohelpindividualssolvetheirpersonalityproblems.Inthesameway,theycanhelppeoplewhofeelthattheyhaveproblemswithmoney.Accordingtothepsychologists,acompulsivespenderisonewhospendslargeamountsofmoney.andtakesgreatpleasurefromwhatheorshebuysinordertosatisfyhisorherbasicneedsinlifejusttomeethisorherstrongpsychologicalneedentirelywithanirrationaleagernessAccordingtothewriter,compulsivebargainhuntersareinconstantsearchofthelowestpossibleprices.becausetheywanttosavemoneytohelptheirbudgetsbecausetheycanopenlyboastoftheirtriumphoverothersingettingthingsforlessandwillnothavemoneyproblemsiftheycankeeptotheirbudgetsbuttheyseldomadmittheyfeelsatisfiediftheycangetthingsforlessthanothersWhichofthefollowingistrue?Allpeoplespendmoneyforexactlythesamereasonthattheyneedtobuythings.Businesspeopleandadvertiserscanusethepsychologyofmoneytoincreasesales.Businesspeopleunderstandthepsychologyofcompulsivebuyingbetterthanscientistsdo.Compulsivebargainhuntersdonothaveproblemswithmoney.Thearticleismainlyabout.thepsychologyofmoney-spendinghabitsthepurchasinghabitsofcompulsivespendersaspecialpsychologyofbargainhuntingtheuseofthepsychologyofspendinghabitsinbusinessFromthepassagewemaysafelyconcludethatcompulsivespendersorcompulsivebargainhunters.arereallyunreasonableneedspecialtreatmentarereallybeyondremediescannevergetanyhelptosolvetheirproblemswithmoneyQuestions26-30arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Attentiontodetailissomethingeveryonecanandshoulddo—especiallyinatightjobmarket.BobCrossley,ahuman-resourcesexpert,noticesthisinthejobapplicationsthatcomeacrosshisdeskeveryday.“It'samazinghowmanycandidateseliminatethemselves,”hesays.“Resumesarrivewithstains.Somecandidatesdon'tbothertospellthecompany'snamecorrectly.OnceIseemistake,Ieliminatethecandidate,”Crossleyconcludes.“Iftheycannottakecareofthesedetails,whyshouldwetrustthemwithajob?”Canwepaytoomuchattentiontodetails?Absolutely.Perfectionistsstruggleoverlittlethingsatthecostofsomethinglargertheyworktoward.“Tokeepfromlosingtheforestforthetrees,”saysCharlesGarfield,associateprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,“wemustconstantlyaskourselveshowthedetailswe'reworkingonfitintothelargerpicture.Iftheydon't,weshoulddropthemandmovetosomethingelse.”GarfieldcomparesthisprocesstohisworkasacomputerscientistatNASA.“TheApolloIImoonlaunchwasslightlyoff-course90percentofthetime,”saysGarfield.“Butasuccessfullandingwasstilllikelybecauseweknewtheexactcoordinatesofourgoal.Thisallowedustomakeadjustmentsasnecessary.”Knowingwherewewanttogohelpsusjudgetheimportanceofeverytaskweundertake.Toooftenwebelievewhataccountsforothers'successissomespecialsecretoraluckybreak.Butrarelyissuccesssomysterious.Againandagain,weseethatbydoinglittlethingswithinourgraspwell,largerewardsfollow.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Itisnotnecessarytobeaperfectionist.Itisattentiontodetailsthathelpsrealizemajorgoals.Itisofgreatimportancetobeadjustable.Itislargelyamatteroflucktogetsuccess.Decidewhichoneofthefollowingfourstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage.Somejobapplicantswererejectedbecausetheyfailedtopresentdetailsabouttheirbackground.Somejobapplicantswererejectedbecausetheyeliminatedtheirnamesfromtheresume.Somejobapplicantswererejectedbecausetheypresentedaresumecopythatwasunclean.Somejobapplicantswererejectedbecausetheylackededucationinspelling.Theword“eliminate”(Para.1,line3)inthispassagemeans“”.objectneglectgetridofcatchupwithTheexampleoftheApolloImoonlaunchisgiventoshowthat.failureisthemotherofsuccessminormistakescanbeneglectedinachievingmajorobjectivesadjustmentshelpavoidmajormistakesagoodunderstandingofthegoalhelpsindecidingwhichdetailscanbeignoredWecaninferfromthepassagethat.althoughtoomuchattentiontodetailsmaybecostly,theyshouldnotbeoverlooked.carelessapplicantslosetheirjobsweshouldbeawareoftheimportanceofataskbeforecarryingitoutworkingondetailsthatareofvitalimportancetothewholetaskthensuccessiswithinreachQuestions31-35arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Islanguage,likefood,abasichumanneed?JudgingfromthedrasticexperimentofFrederickIIinthe13thcenturyitmaybe.Hopingtodiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakifheheardnomothertonguehetoldthenursestokeepsilent.Alltheinfantsdiedbeforethefirstyear.Butclearlytherewasmorethanlanguagedeprivationhere.Whatwasmissingwasgoodmothering.Withoutgoodmothering,inthefirstyearoflifeespecially,thecapacitytosurviveisseriouslyaffected.TodaynosuchdrasticdeprivationexistsasthatorderedbyFrederick.Nevertheless,somechildrenarestillbackwardinspeaking.Mostoftenthereasonforthisisthatthemotherisinsensitivetothecuesandsignalsoftheinfant,whosebrainisprogrammedtomopuplanguagerapidly.Therearecriticaltimes,itseems,whenchildrenlearnmorereadily.Ifthesesensitiveperiodsareneglected,theidealtimeforacquiringskillspassesandtheymightneverbelearnedsoeasilyagain.Linguistssuggestthatspeechmilestonesarereachedinafixedsequenceandataconstantage,buttherearecaseswherespeechhasstartedlateinachildwhoeventuallyturnsouttobeofhighIQ(IntelligenceQuotient).Recentevidencesuggeststhataninfantisbornwiththecapacitytospeak.WhatisspecialaboutMan'sbrain,comparedwiththatofthemonkey,isthecomplexsystemwhichenablesachildtoconnectthesightandfeelof,say,ateddy-bearwiththesoundpattern“teddy-bear”.Butspeechhastobetriggered,andthisdependsoninteractionbetweenthemotherandthechild,wherethemotherrecognizedthecuesandsignalsinthechild'sbabbling,clinging,grasping,crying,smiling,andrespondstothem.Insensitivityofthemothertothesesignalsdullstheinteractionbecausethechildgetsdiscouragedandsendsoutonlytheobvioussignals.Sensitivitytothechild'snon-verbalcuesisessentialtothegrowthanddevelopmentoflanguage.FrederickI'sexperimentwas“drastic”because.hewantedtoprovechildrenarebornwithabilitytospeakheignoredtheimportanceofmotheringtotheinfanthewasunkindtothenurseshewantedhisnursestosaynomothertongueThereasonsomechildrenarebackwardinspeakingtodayisthat.theydonotlistencarefullytotheirmotherstheirbrainshavetoabsorbtoomuchlanguageatoncetheirmothersdonotrespondtotheirattemptstospeaktheirmothersarenotintelligentenoughtohelpthemBy“criticaltimes”theauthormeans.difficultperiodsinthechild'slifemomentswhenthechildbecomescriticaltowardsitsmotherimportantstagesinthechild'sdevelopmenttimeswhenmothersoftenneglecttheirchildrenWhichofthefollowingisnotimpliedinthepassage?Thefacultyofspeechisinborninman.Childrendonotneedtobeencouragedtospeak.Thechild'sbrainishighlyselective.Mostchildrenlearntheirlanguageindefinitestages.Ifthemotherdoesnotrespondtoherchild'ssignals,.thechildwillneverbeabletospeakproperlythechildwillstopgivingoutsignalsthechildwillinventalanguageofitsownthechildwillmakelittleeffortstospeakQuestions36-40arebasedonthefollowingpassage:In1957,adoctorinSingaporenoticedthathospitalsweretreatinganunusualnumberofinfluenzalikecases.Influenzaissometimescalled“flu”ora“badcold”.Hetooksamplesfromthethroatsofpatientsandinhishospitalwasabletofindthevirusofthisinfluenza.Therearethreemaintypesoftheinfluenzavirus.ThemostimportantofthesearetypeAandB,eachofthemhavingseveralsubgroups.WiththeinstrumentsatthehospitalthedoctorrecognizedthattheoutbreakwasduetoavirusingroupA,buthedidnotknowthesubgroup.ThenhereportedtheoutbreaktotheWorldHealthOrganizationinGeneva.W.H.O.publishedtheimportantnewsalongsidereportsofasimilaroutbreakinHongKongwhereabout15—20%ofthepopulationhadbecomeill.AssoonastheLondondoctorsreceivedthepackageofthroatsamples,doctorsbeganthestandardtests.Theyfoundthatbyreproducingitselfwithveryhighspeed,thevirushadgrownmorethanamilliontimeswithintwodays.Continuingtheircarefultests,thedoctorscheckedtheeffectofdrugsagainstalltheknownsubgroupsofvirustypeA.Noneofthemgaveanyprotection.This,then,wassomethingnew,anewinfluenzavirus,againstwhichthepeopleoftheworldhadnohelpwhatever.Havingfoundthevirustheywereworkingwith,thetwodoctorsnowdroppeditintothenosesofsomespeciallyselectedanimals,whichgetinfluenzaasmuchashumanbeingsdo.Inashorttimetheusualsignsofthediseaseappeared.Theseexperimentsprovedthatthenewviruswaseasytocatch,butthatitwasnotakiller.Scientists,likethegeneralpublic,callitsimplyAsianflu.Thefirstdiscoveryofthevirus,however,wasmadeinChinabeforethediseasehadappearedinothercountries.VariousreportsshowedthattheinfluenzaoutbreakstartedinChina,probablyinFebruaryof1957.BythemiddleofMarchithadspreadalloverChina.TheviruswasfoundbyChinesedoctorsearlyinMarch.ButChinaisnotamemberoftheWorldHealthOrganizationandthereforedoesnotreportoutbreakofdiseasetoit.Notuntiltwomonthslater,whentravelerscarriedthevirusintoHongKong,fromwhereitspreadtoSingapore,didthenewsoftheoutbreakreachtherestoftheworld.Bythistimeitwaswellstartedonitswayaroundtheworld.Thereafter,W.H.O.'sWeeklyReportsdescribedthesteadyspreadofthisgreatvirusoutbreak,whichwithinfourmonthssweptthrougheverycontinent.Wheredidtheinfluenzanotoccur?InSingapore.InHongKong.InBeijing.InLondon.TheoutbreakinHongKongwasduetoavirusin.anewsubgroupofGroupAanoldsubgroupofGroupAanewsubgroupofGroupBanoldsubgroupofGroupBWhydidthetwodoctorsdropthefluintothenosesofanimals?Totestthespeedandeffectofvirusreproduction.Toseehowitcanaffecttheanimals.Tofindthechannelofthevirusspread.Todecideonthevirusname.Wherewastheflufirstfound?InHongKong.InSingapore.InChina.Notmentioned.Whendidthevirusreachtherestoftheworld?InFebruary.BeforeMarch.InApril.AfterMay.PartThree:VocabularyandStructure(30minutes;20%)Directions:Thereare40incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterproperlyontheanswersheet.Althoughtherearedifferentopinionsamongthem,theyfinallyaplan.agreetoagreewithagreeonagreeinTheofhumanknowledgearebeingpushedfurther.boundariesborderslimitsedgesSincemixturesarecomposedoftwoormorepuresubstances,panycompoundcompanioncomponentKaterefusedtothecarkeystoherhusbanduntilhehadpromisedtowearhissafetybelt.handoverhanddownhandouthandinQuitealotofpeoplewatchTVonlytotime.wastespendkillpassTheydidnotfindtopreparefortheworstconditionstheymightmeet.worththeywhile

B)itworthwhileB)itworthwhileC)itworthD)itworthy47.Theburnt.A)supremeB)significantC)promptD)vitalactionofthepolicemensavedthepeopleinthehousefrombeingInmosturbanandsuburbanareasoftheworld,sickpeoplegotoadoctorforA)cureB)diagnosisC)healingD)treatmentAftereveryonewasseated,thechairmantoannouncehisplans.mumbledtendedattemptedproceededYoudidn'tgooverthelessonsbeforetheexamandyoucanfindnoforyourfailure.explanationexcuseexceptionexpectationThepetis,,amemberofthefamily.sospeakingsotobecalledsoastospeaksotospeakAfterrestingforafewweeks,theBritishadventurersetoffoncemorehisfriends'attemptstodissuadehim.asopposedtoincontrasttoinspiteofinsteadofThepresenceofelementsirongreatlyaffectsthephysicalpropertiesofsteel.ratherthanmorethanotherthanlessthanTheEnglishlanguagecontainsa(n)ofwordswhicharecomparativelyseldomusedinordinaryconversation.altitudelatitudemultitudeattitudeTheywerewaitinganxiouslyfortheofthejury'sdeliberation.outsetoutcomeoutputoutletThefootballmatchwastelevisedfromtheworker'sstadium.alivelivinglivelivelyTheofavocationtobespentinDalianisfascinatingandpleasant.perspectiveprospectrespectperceptionBeforewedecidetoHenry,weshouldbesurethatheistrust-worthy.countaboutcounttocountofcountonIdon'tunderstandthispoint;pleaseitbygivingoneortwoexamples.illustrateimbueidentifyimitateHewassofastasleepthateventheringingofthealarmclockfailedtowakehimup.consistentprimaryperiodicpersistentWeshouldbeabletodothejobforyouquickly,yougiveusallthenecessaryinformation.incaseprovidedthatorelseasifHewrotebacktosaythathehadreceivedoutletterandthesample.addingaddedattachedattachingIndeed,almosteveryscientistnowfind