考研英语必考词组

86.takethefloor起立发言造句：Heinvitedthemayortotakethefloor.他请市长发言。congratulatesb.on祝贺同义替换:extendgreetingsforCongratulate原始涵义:vt.向（某人）道贺；祝贺Heistobecongratulatedforhissuccess.他将会由于取得的成就而受到祝贺。造句:Wecongratulatedhimonhavingpassedtheexam.我们祝贺他通过了考试。inconnectionwith关于同义替换:withregardto造句：Thecustomersaremoreinterestedingoodsinconnectionwiththeirdailylives.消费者对与日常生活有关的物品更感兴趣。beconsciousof觉察，知道同义替换：beawareofConscious原始涵义：adj.神志清醒的；有知觉的；有意识的Shespoketousinherconsciousmoments.她神志清醒时跟我们说过话。自觉的;蓄意的Ihadtomakeaconsciouseffortnottoberudetohe「,我得刻意约束自己不要对她粗鲁。真题重现:Thedoctorsareveryconsciousoftheirgodlikerole.医生对自己神圣的角色有清醒的认识。（2002阅读）造句:Iwasnotconsciousofhavingoffendedhim.我没有意识到得罪了他。consentto同意同义替换:giveagreementtopermissionConsent原始涵义:n.准许，同意，赞成Herparentsrefusedtheirconsenttothemarriage.她的父母对这桩婚姻持反对态度。vi.同意;赞成Myfatherwon'tconsenttomyleavingschool,我父亲不会同意让我辍学。131.beconfidentof有信心同义替换：haveconfidencein造句：Ihaveeveryreasontobeconfidentofourvictory.我有充分的理由坚信胜利是属于我们的。intheeventof万一，即使发生..时同义替换：=incaseof造句：Intheeventofanemergency,pleaseHusethemarkedexits.万一发生紧急情况，请走带有标志的安全出口。except除.“以外；besides除...以外还有..造句：Hegoestoofficeeverydayexcept(on)Sunday.他每天去办公，星期天除外。Thesalesmangetsexpensesbesideshissalary.推销员除了薪水外还得津贴。except除了。同义替换：=but造句：Heneverdrinksexceptonspecialoccasions.除非在特别场合,他从不喝酒。exceptfor除.“以外同义替换：=apartfrom真题重现：Thegainin1970swasthelowestinAmericanannualrecordsexceptfortheDepressionyears.除了大萧条那几年，美国在20世纪70年代所获得的财富在年度记录中是最少的。(1998阅读)造句：Exceptforoneminorincident,heseemedtobeinexcellenthealth.他除了偶然发生过一次小病外，似乎非常健康。(an)exceptionto…的例外exception原始涵义：n..例外，不包括在内的人(或物)Thisisconsideredanexceptiontotherule.我们把这看作是该规则的例外。.规则的例外；例外的事物造句：Thereisnoexceptiontothisrule.这条规定没有例外。(be)equivalentto相等于，相当于同义替换：=equalinvalue,amount,meaningequivalent原始涵义：adj..相等的，相当的ThereisnoexactlyequivalentFrenchtensetothepresentperfecttenseinEnglish.法语里没有和英语中的现在完成时完全对应的时态。.（数量、度量、价值、力量、意义、重要性等）均等的；同等重要的，等量的；等价的,等值的；等效的；等势的；同义的，等义的造句：Hisreplyisequivalenttoarefusal.他的回答等于是拒绝。inessence本质上同义替换：=inits/one'snatureessence原始涵义：n..本质，实质，要素Intheabovechapter,wehavelearnedwhattheessenceoftranslationis.在上一章中，我们学习了翻译的本质。.（植物，药物等）精髓，精华，香精；精油Thisfactoryproducesessences.这家工厂生产香精。造句：Inessence,treatyoursubordinatesfight,andtheywillliterallydieforyou.其实，只要你好好对待下属，他们就会为你卖命。atallevents不论怎样，无论如何同义替换：=inspiteofeverything,inanycaseevent原始涵义：n..事件，大事Nextdaythenewspapersreportedtheevent.第二天，报纸报道了这个事件。.运动项目Some2000athletescompetedin20events.约2000名运动员参加了20个项目的比赛。造句：Lucyhadanaccident,butatalleventsshewasn'tkilled.露西出了车祸，但不管怎样，她死里逃生了。inanyevent无论如何，不管（将来）怎么样同义替换：=whateverhappensinthefuture造句：Inanyevent,myfeelingswerehurtwhenIlearnedthathehadfalleninlovewithsomeoneelse.无论如何，当知道他爱上了别人时，我的感情受到了伤害。intheeventthat假如，如果.intheevent结果，实际情况是（常与but连用）同义替换：=if造句：Customersshallbeinformedpromptlyintheeventthatnonconformingproducthasbeenshipped.一旦装运了不合格品应立即通知客户.confine...to...把…限制在某范围内同义替换：herangeof...Confine原始涵义：vt.限制;局限于Sheconfinedheractivitiesineducationalcircles.她把她的各项活动都限制在教育圈内。禁闭；管制；关起来Theyconfinedtheprisonerinacell.他们把犯人监禁在监狱里。造句：Atsuch,marriagesareconfinetothesamecaste,fromthesamefamily.因此，结婚对象也是限制在同一阶级或来自同一个家庭。confirmsb.in使某人更坚定（信念等）同义替换:makesb.moreensureConfirm原始涵义：vt.证实，证明；肯定,确认Wehaveconfirmedthereport.我们证实了那则报道。使巩固，加强Thenewsconfirmedmyresolution.这消息坚定了我的决心。造句：Thisinformationconfirmsmeinthebeliefthatheistoblame.这一消息使我坚信他该受到责备。conform,to符合，遵照，遵守同义替换：l)obey服从；2)observe;3)complywith照…办;4)keepto遵循；5)abideby服从;6)stickto按..做Conform原始涵义：vi.遵守，符合，遵从，服从Thebuildingdoesnotconformtosafetyregulations.这座建筑物不符合安全条例。顺应，一致，顺从，随潮流Thereisgreatpressureonschoolchildrentoconform.小学生有巨大的压力要去适应。beconfrontedwith面对,面临同义替换：bebroughtfacetofacewithConfront原始涵义：vt.面对；对抗；与(某人)对峙Asoldierhastoconfrontdange「.士兵须面对危险。造句：Thenewsystemwillbeconfrontedwithgreatdifficultiesatthestart.新系统开始时遇到极大困难。in(outof)condition健康状况好(不好)同义替换：thoroughlyhealthyorfit(notfit)造句：Youhavetobeinconditiontoplayanysportseriouslythesedays.现在你想认真进行任何运动都得有健康的体魄。Ican'tgoswimmingnow;I'moutofcondition.我现在不能去游泳,我身体欠佳。.ingood(bad)condition处于良好(坏)状态造句：Heexercisedstrenouslytokeephiscarcassingoodcondition.他刻苦训练，以使身体处于良好状态。Hewasstillinbadconditionandcouldrecallonlyafragmentedaccountoftheaccident.他的情况仍然不好,只能回忆起那次事故的零碎片断。confess(to)承认，供认同义替换：admitafault,crime,orsth.wrongconfess原始涵义：vt.&vi.承认，供认(错误或罪行)Imustconfessmyselfcompletelypuzzledbythequestion.我必须承认我被这个问题搞迷糊了。Herefusedtoconfesstohiscrime.他拒绝认罪。confidein对…讲真心话，依赖同义替换：totalkfreelytosb.aboutone'ssecretconfide原始涵义：vt.&vi.（向某人）吐露（隐私、秘密等）Jonefeltshecouldonlyconfideinhermother.琼觉得她只有向她妈妈倾吐心中的秘密。造句：Iconfideinhimandhehasneverdeceivedme.我信赖他，他从来没有欺骗过我。inconfidence秘密地,暗中confidence原始涵义：n.信任，信赖，信心Hewasalwaysamazedbyherconfidence.他常常对她的自信惊叹不己。Ishouldliketoexchangeafewwordswithyouinconfidence.我想私下和你交换点意见。withconfidence满怀信心地；造句：Youmustfigureoutthismatterwithconfidence.你必须满怀信心地解决掉这个问题。haveconfidenceinsb.sth.对..•的信赖同义替换：beconfidentof造句：Wehaveconfidenceinthemayor。我们信任这位市长。beconcernedwith(=about)与・・,有关concern原始涵义：n.关心；担心：挂念Heexhibitedtotallackofconcernforthechild.可以看出他对那孩子毫不关心.vt.有关于，关系至I；使关心Economicsisoneofthesubjectswhichconcernhumanactivities.经济学是有关人类活动的学科之一。造句：Collidchemistryisconcernedwithdispersions.肢体化学与各种分散体系有关。concernoneselfabout/with关心、真题重现：''Iamagoodeconomicindicator,"shesays.''Iprovideaservicethatpeoplecandowithoutwhentheyconcernedaboutsavingsomedollars.,z她说：''我是个很好的经济指标，当人们想要节省几美元时，他们可以不享受我的服务。“（2004阅读）造句：Hedoesn'tconcernhimselfabout[with]whatpeoplesay.不管人们怎么讲，他都不关心。inconclusion最后一点；同义替换:asthelastthingconclusion原始涵义：n.结束,结尾Themeetingcametoasuccessfulconclusion.会议圆满结束。结论，推论Edward'sconclusionconformswithGeorge's.艾德华的结论和乔治的一致。造句：Inconclusionhewishedusverysuccessinourwork.最后，他祝我们工作顺利。attheconclusionof当...结束时造句：Attheconclusionofthesewords,thecountrosetodepart.说完这几句话，伯爵就站起身来，准备告辞了。condemnsb.to判决condemn原始涵义：vt.谴责,指责Wecondemnallsortsofslanders.我们谴责一切诽谤中伤的言论。宣判；判处Howcouldshepossiblycondemnhimtothehorribledeathofthetiger'steethandclaws?她怎么可能判处他死在老虎的尖牙利爪之下呢？Thenyoucondemnmetolivewretchedandtodieaccursed?那么你就是判定我活着受罪，死后要受诅咒了？onconditionthat以…为条件，假如同义替换：if造句：doitonconditionthatyoupayforeverything.我可以做此事，条件是你得支付一切费用。inthat因为同义替换：because造句：Thecourtesyofnationsallowsyoumybetter,inthatyouarethefirst-born.各国的风俗承认你有比我优越的位置，因为你是长子。nowthat既然同义替换:since造句：Nowthatthetechnicalproblemshavebeensettled.既然有关技术问题己经解决forallthat尽管同义替换：although造句：Forallthat,thebrutewasthere.虽然如此，但兽性并未消失。bebusywithsth.忙于某事bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事真题重现:Aloneinadesertedhouse,hewassobusywithhisresearchworkthathefeltanythingbutlonely.他自己呆在一个废弃的屋子里忙于自己的研究工作，以至于一点都不感觉到孤独。（1990词汇）造句：Heisbusywithprovingupacoaldeposit.他正忙于勘探煤层。HeistooBusydoingGodknowswhat.他太忙，不知道究竟在忙些什么。lastbutone倒数第二.造句：TheproblemisthelastButone.这是倒数第二个问题。onboard到船上，在船上，上火车或飞机造句:Everybodyonboardwaswordedandwewerecurioustofindoutwhathadhappened.飞机上的人都很着急，大家都想了解出了什么事。boastof(orabout)吹嘘boast原始涵义：n.自吹自擂，自夸的话Talentishisboast.他自夸有才.vt.&vi.自夸Wemustneverbragandboast.我们决不可自吹自擂。真题重现：Givenallthesedisadvantages,centralbankersseemtohavehadmuchtoboastaboutoflate.如果考虑到所有这些不利因素，中央银行家们最近似乎有了夸耀的资本。(1997阅读)造句：That'snothingtoboastof.那没什么好夸耀的。outofbreath喘不过气来breath原始涵义：n.呼吸Thejoggerspausedtocatchtheirbreath.慢跑者们暂停下来以便呼吸。造句：The5-milerunleftusalloutofbreath.五英里的长跑让我们都上气不接下气了。85.inbulk成批地，散装的bulk原始涵义：n.大部分；大量；散装Thebulkoftheworkusuallystartsinonedepartment.大量的工作通常在一个部门先开始。造句：Theyneededflourinbulktobakebread.他们需要大量的面粉来烤面包。forthebetter好转造句：Hisillnesshastakenaturnforthebetter.他的病有了好转。getthebetterof打败，胜过同义替换：defeatsb.造句：Youalwaysgetthebetterofmeatchess.你下国际象棋总是赢我。bybirth在出生上，论出身,按血统atbirth在出生时;givebirthto出生造句：I'maChinesebybirth.我生在中国,是个中国人。Man'snatureatbirthisgood.人之初，性本善。AdelineAlvarezmarriedat18andgavebirthtoason,butwasdeterminedtofinishcollege.艾德琳艾华里斯18岁结婚并生有一子，但她决心要读完大学。80.beinblossom开花（强调状态）comeintoblossom开花（强调动作）blossom原始涵义：n.花丛，花簇Theorientalcherryisinfullblossom.樱花盛开。vi.开花InMarchthepeachblossomed.三月桃花开。造句：Alltheshrubsareinblossom.灌木丛中花团烂漫。Theplumtreescomeintoblossominwinter梅树冬天开花。turnone'sbackonsb.不理睬（某人），背弃，抛弃同义替换：turnawayfromsb.inanimpoliteway造句：Wecannotturnourbackontheworldoutside.我们不能不去理睬整个世界。behindone'sback背着某人（说坏话）造句：Don*tspeakillofhimbehindhisback.别在背后说他坏话。bebasedonupon基于base原始涵义：n.基础，底座Thelampstandsonacircularbase.这盏台灯是装在圆形底座上的。基地，根据地Thecountrymaintainsmilitarybasesonforeignsoil.那个国家在国外设有军事基地。vt.把...建立在，以.・,为基础Oneshouldalwaysbaseone'sopiniononfacts,我们应总是把自己的观点建立在事实的基础上。基于；以…为根据(on,upon)Hebasedthebookonhisownlife.他根据他自己的生活写这本书。vi.基于(on,upon)Fluctuatingpricesusuallybaseonaficklepublic'sdemand.物价的波动往往因公众需求的变化而造成。真题重现：SuperhighscoreslikevosSavant'sarenolongerpossible,becausescoringisnowbasedonastatisticalpopulationdistributionamongagepeers.人们已经不可能得到像萨凡特那么高的分数了，因为现在的得分以各年龄段的人口统计学分布为依据。(2007阅读)造句：Avisualinterfaceisbasedonvisualpatterns.视觉模式是视觉界面的基础。onthebasisof根据...，在...基础上basis原始涵义：n.基础,要素；基点Thesimplestbasisforclassificationisintermsofstructureortexture.最简单的分类基础是结构或构造。真题重现：Onthebasisoftheirmodels,scientistsareoftheopinionthattheclimateoftheworldshouldbebecomingcooler.科学家根据他们的模型，认为全球的气候应该是在变冷。(1992阅读)

造句：Onthebasisoftheevidencewededucedthathewasguilty.根据这些证据，我们推论他是有罪的。beat...at在…运动项目上打赢beat原始涵义：vi.(心脏等)跳动Hisheartwasstillbeating.他的心脏还在跳。(翅膀)扑扇；有节奏地拍动；颤动，震动Thewingsoftheseagullwerebeatingfrantically.海鸥的翅膀在疯狂地扑扇着。vt.&vi.接连地击打Itiswrongtobeatothers.打人是不对的。vt.打败Atlasttheybeattheirenemy.最终，他们打败了敌人。n.敲打,敲打声Weheardthebeatofadrum.造句：Hesaidthatnoonecouldbeathimattennis,buthehadtoeathiswordsafterlosingseveralgames.他说过打网球谁都赢不了他，可是输了几场比赛后他不得不认错了。l.Itisin(orwith) asin(orwith) Itisinlifeasinajourney.人生好比旅途。Itisinstudyingasineating；hewhodoesitgetsthebenefits,andnothewhoseesitdone.读书和吃饭一样，得到利益的是那些实际在吃的人，而不是旁观的人。

Itisinmindasinbodywhichmustbenourishedbygoodfood.精神和身体都必须有好的食物来营养。.asgoodas/aswellasItisasgoosasdone,这就和做好了一样。Itisbroadaswellaslong.那既长且宽。asgoodas有两个含义：amountingto；notfallingshortof；等于；同样；几如；；不欠缺Hewasasgoodashisword.他不爽约。virtually；essentially；ineveryessentialrespect实际上；其实；实在；在各要点上Heisasgoodasdeadalready.宛如死人；行尸走肉；名存实亡aswellas有四个含义：nolessthan；equallywith等于；不下于：亦；一样好Ihaveunderstandingaswellasyou.

both and ；oneequallywiththeother"与"、"两者皆"Workinmoderationishealthyaswellasagreeabletothehumanconstitution.适度劳动对身体给予快感，又有益卫生。(3)与notonly butalso有连带关系HehasexperienceaswellasknowledgesHehasnotonlyknowledgebutalsoexperience.(4)可以代替betterthanAswell(=better)behangedforasheepas(=than)foralamb.窃钩如窃国，与其盗小羊。.Asitis其含义为：asitstands；tostatethematterasitreallystands；asamatteroffact；inreality.相当于：实际上；就实际情况而言；根据(现在)情况看；就现在这个样子等等。它用来指事物的单数；即指前面的单数名词。如果指事物的复数，则用"Astheyare”.如果用来指人时，则为asIam/youare/she/heis/weare/theyare.asitis的过去式为asitwas.其位置可以放在句首，句末或句子中间。(1)用于句首，注意前后时态与该结构保持一致Asitis.wecannothelphim.

Asitwas,wecouldnothelphim.(2)用于句末Let\'skeepitasitis.Youmustn\'tgototheballasyouare.你不能这样去参加舞会。有时it可以省略为"asis",意即：照现在的样子，常指”不再修理或改进”等情况。Hehasanoldradioasis.他有一台没有修理过的旧收音机。I\'llsellittoyouasis,butdon\'tcomplainifitdoesn\'twork.(3)句中时，用逗号把它从前后隔开A.虚拟语气句式+but+asitis/was,该结构意为：其实；事实上Ithoughtthingswouldgetbetter,butasitis,theyaregettingworseandworse.Thericecouldhavebeengotinyesterdyiftheweatherhadbeenfine,butasitwas,ithadtobeleftinthefields.B.过去分词+asitis,表示强调前面的过去分词Writtenasitisinaninterestingway,thisbookisenjoyabletoyoungandoldalike.Publishedasitwasatsuchatime,hisworkattrachedmuchattention.C・现在分词+asitdoes(did)o意为：因为这样，(实际)所以 LivingashedoesinShanghai,heknowstheplaceextremelywell.Readingashedidmanytimes,hecouldreciteitfluently.几个类似的结构：asitstands根据目前情况来看Asitstands,itiscertainthatourcountrycanrealizethefourmodernizationaheadofschedule.suchasitis不怎么样，质量不过如此Theroom,suchasitis,isverybright.asitwere=asifitwereso.属虚拟语气，用于插入语。不可以与asitis混淆Heis，asitwere,alivingdictionary.ComradeLeiFengstilllives,asitwere,inourheart.becautiousof谨防cautious原始涵义：adj.小心的，谨慎的Heisacautiousinvestor.他是个谨慎的投资者。造句：Heisalwayscautiousofgivingoffencetoothers.他一直注意不得罪人。92.becapableof能够，有能力becapableofbeing+过去分词是能够被…的capable原始涵义：adj.有能力的，有技能的：能力强的:足以胜任的He'sacapablebusinessman.他是一位很有能力的业务员。造句：Sheiscapableofjudgingworksofart.她有鉴赏艺术品的能力。Thissewingmachineiscapableofbeingimproved.这台缝纫机是可以改进的。keepcompanywith和…要好同义替换：befriendlyandgoouttogethercompany原始涵义：n.公司Thecompanyisaninternationaltraderingrain.这家公司是国际粮食贸易公司.伴随，陪伴Lightandcolor,peaceandhope,willkeepthemcompanytotheend,oralmosttotheend,oftheday.光线与色彩，和平与希望，将伴随他们一生，或几乎一生。客人，朋友Peoplejudgeamanbythecompanyhekeeps.人们从一个人所交的朋友来判断其人。伙伴关系，R#Weterminatedourrelationwiththecompany«我们结束了伙伴关系。造句：Theymarriedafterkeepingcompanywitheachotherforoneyear.他们交往一年后就结婚了。compare...with...把.“与…比较compare原始涵义：vt.&vi.比较,对照Compareyouranswerswiththoseatthebackofthebooktoseeiftheyareright.把你的答案同书后面的答案对照一下，看看是否正确。真题重现：It'strueoftheoldfamilyfirmsthattheylackedefficiencycomparedwithmodemcompanies.与现代公司相比，古老的家族公司的确是缺乏效率。 （1996阅读）造句：MyEnglishcannotcomparewithhis.我的英语不及他。compare...to...把…比作…真题重现：Atechnologistcanbecomparedtoanartistbecausetheyarebothexpertsinspatialthinking.可以将技工比作艺术家，因为他们都是空间思维方面的专家。（1996阅读）造句:Comparetohisearlywork,thisbearatherslightnovel.这部小说与他早期作品相比，不甚重要。bycomparison比较起来comparison原始涵义：n.比较,对照Thecomparisonholdgood!这个比较是贴切的。造句：Thepairofshoesarecheaperbycomparison.相比之下这双鞋要便宜些。incomparisonwith和...比起来同义替换：incontrastto造句：Manisanunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofthesociety.与社会的其余部分相比，人类是不重要的一部分。charge...for因.“索取（费用），造句:Howmuchdotheychargeforadvertising?他们索取多少广告费？roundthedock昼夜不停地同义替换：alldayandallnight,usuallywithoutstopping真题重现：Theyhadbeenworkingroundtheclockforacoupleofdayshopingtogetthedesignoutbeforetheircompetitorsdid.他们昼夜不停地干了几天，希望先于竞争者把设计搞出来。（1997词汇）造句：Heoftenworksroundtheclock.他经常通宵达旦地工作。commenton评论comment原始涵义:n.评论，意见，解释，批评Hemadeanimpersonalcommentontheincident.他对那一事件作了客观的评论。vt.&vi.评论；谈论Theyarecommentingontheweather.他们在谈论天气。真题重现：Ifyouareaddressingsecretaries,youmaywanttocommentontheirdisorganizedbosses.如果你同秘书说话，你可能想评论他们的经理计划不周。（2002阅读）造句：HedidnotcommentonwhatIsaid.他对我的话未作评论。commitoneselfto使自己承担...commitsb.toprison把某人送进监狱commitone'sideatowriting把某人的想法写下来commitamattertoacommittee把某事交给委员会讨论commit原始涵义：vt.承诺；使自己受约束Don'tcommityourself.你不要作任何承诺。把…托付给；托，委托;委任Shewouldcommithergentlespirittobedirectedandgovernedbyhiminallthings.她要把自己柔顺的心灵委托给他，事事都受他的指导、管教。把（某人）送进（医院或监狱）Committhemantoprison.把该男子送进监狱。把...id（或写）下来Iwillcommittheexperienceofmyearlylifetowriting.我要把我早年生活经历写下来。使承担义务，使做出保证Atfirsthehadrefusedtocommithimself.起初，他不肯使自己承担责任。造句：Theywerereluctanttocommitthemselvestoanydefiniteproposals.他们不愿为任何具体的提议承担义务。incommon（和…）有共同之处，共用becommontosb.是与某人所共有的common原始涵义：adj.普遍的，常见的Theircommonprincipleistousethevariablecapacityinacondenser.它们的普遍原理是利用电容器的可变电容。公有的，共有的，共同的TheChinesecommunityisknittogetherbycommoninterests.共同的利益使华人社区团结起来。一般的，平常的Shewishestobetreatedasnothingmorethanacommongirl.她希望被对待得只不过像一般的女孩子。真题重现：Theyhaveincommononlyonethingthattheytendtoannoyorthreatenthosewhoregardthemselvesasmoreenlightened.他们惟一的共同点就是都倾向于激怒或威胁那些自以为比别人更有见识的人。（1998阅读）造